DE19821242A1 - Liquefaction of pressurized hydrocarbon-enriched stream - Google Patents
Liquefaction of pressurized hydrocarbon-enriched streamInfo
- Publication number
- DE19821242A1 DE19821242A1 DE1998121242 DE19821242A DE19821242A1 DE 19821242 A1 DE19821242 A1 DE 19821242A1 DE 1998121242 DE1998121242 DE 1998121242 DE 19821242 A DE19821242 A DE 19821242A DE 19821242 A1 DE19821242 A1 DE 19821242A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- stream
- hydrocarbon
- liquefying
- partial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 38
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
- F25J1/0087—Propane; Propylene
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0232—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes integration within a pressure letdown station of a high pressure pipeline system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/20—Integrated compressor and process expander; Gear box arrangement; Multiple compressors on a common shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
- F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Verflüssigen eines unter Druck stehenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for liquefying a pressurized hydrocarbon-rich electricity.
Unter dem Begriff "Kohlenwasserstoff-reicher Strom" sei im folgenden insbesondere Erdgas zu verstehen. Eine Vielzahl von Erdgasverflüssigungsprozessen, die der Gewinnung von LNG dienen, arbeitet nach dem sog. Expanderverfahren. Dabei wird der zu verflüssigende Erdgasstrom zunächst - in der Regel mittels eines Adsorptionsprozeßes - von Wasser, Schwefelverbindungen sowie Kohlendioxid gereinigt. Die Abtrennung der unerwünschten schweren Kohlenwasserstoffe, bspw. C6+-Kohlenwasserstoffe erfolgt durch partielle Kondensation oder ebenfalls mittels eines Adsorptionsprozeßes. Das von unerwünschten Komponenten gereinigte Erdgas wird anschließend gegen anzuwärmende Prozessströme sowie gegen einen Teilstrom des unter hohen Druck stehenden Erdgasstromes, der kälteleistend entspannt wird, abgekühlt und verflüssigt. Das verflüssigte Erdgas wird dann im Regelfall einem (Zwischen)Speicherbehälter zugeführt.In the following, the term “hydrocarbon-rich electricity” should be understood in particular to mean natural gas. A large number of natural gas liquefaction processes, which are used to extract LNG, work according to the so-called expander process. The natural gas stream to be liquefied is first cleaned of water, sulfur compounds and carbon dioxide, as a rule by means of an adsorption process. The unwanted heavy hydrocarbons, for example C 6+ hydrocarbons, are separated off by partial condensation or likewise by means of an adsorption process. The natural gas, which has been cleaned of undesirable components, is then cooled and liquefied against process flows to be heated and against a partial flow of the high-pressure natural gas flow, which is relieved of cold. The liquefied natural gas is then usually fed to an (intermediate) storage tank.
Nachteilig bei dieser Verfahrensweise ist jedoch, daß ein Großteil des Rohgasstromes nur als Kältemedium innerhalb des Verflüssigungsprozesses genutzt und anschließend als Niederdruckgas abgegeben werden muß, wodurch die Ausbeute an LNG eingeschränkt wird.A disadvantage of this procedure, however, is that a large part of the raw gas flow only used as a refrigeration medium in the liquefaction process and must then be released as a low pressure gas, which increases the yield LNG is restricted.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Verflüssigen eines unter Druck stehenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes anzugeben, das bzw. die eine Steigerung der LNG-Ausbeute bei im wesentlichen unveränderten Investitions- und Betriebskosten ermöglicht. The object of the present invention is a method and an apparatus for Liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich stream under pressure to indicate that an increase in LNG yield at essentially unchanged investment and operating costs.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines unter Druck stehenden
Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß
The inventive method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream is characterized in that
- a) der zu verflüssigende Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Strom in wenigstens zwei Teilströme aufgeteilt wird,a) the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied in at least two Partial streams is divided,
- b) der erste Teilstrom gegen wenigstens einen anzuwärmenden Prozessstrom abgekühlt und auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt wird,b) the first partial flow against at least one process flow to be heated cooled and relaxed to a medium pressure,
- c) der zweite Teilstrom gegen wenigstens einen Kältekreislauf abgekühlt und in wenigstens einer Entspannungsvorrichtung auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt wird,c) the second partial flow is cooled against at least one refrigeration cycle and in at least one expansion device is expanded to a medium pressure,
- d) die bei der Entspannung der beiden Teilströme entstehenden Gasfraktionen in wenigstens einem Abscheider abgetrennt und gegen den abzukühlenden ersten Teilstrom angewärmt werden, undd) the gas fractions formed during the expansion of the two partial flows in separated at least one separator and against the first to be cooled Partial flow are warmed, and
- e) die aus dem Abscheider abgezogene Flüssigfraktion das Verflüssigungsprodukt darstellt.e) the liquid fraction withdrawn from the separator is the liquefaction product represents.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines unter Druck stehenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes stellt eine Kombination aus einem sog. Expanderverfahren sowie einem Verflüssigungsverfahren gegen eine herkömmliche Standardkälteanlage, bei der bspw. Propylen, Propan oder Ammoniak als Kältemittel verwendet werden, dar.The inventive method for liquefying a pressurized Hydrocarbon-rich electricity is a combination of a so-called Expander process and a liquefaction process against a conventional one Standard refrigeration system, for example with propylene, propane or ammonia as the refrigerant are used.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weiterbildend wird vorgeschlagen, daß der Druck des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes zwischen 60 und 150 bar beträgt.Further developing the method according to the invention it is proposed that the pressure of the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied between 60 and 150 bar is.
Vorzugsweise wird der erste Teilstrom, nach seiner Abkühlung im Wärmetausch mit anzuwärmenden Prozessströmen auf einen Druck entspannt, bei dem wenigstens 90%, vorzugsweise wenigstens 93% der Teilstrommenge kondensieren.Preferably, the first partial stream, after it has cooled, is exchanged with heat Process streams to be heated relaxed to a pressure at which at least Condense 90%, preferably at least 93% of the partial flow.
Ferner beträgt - entsprechend einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens - der erste Teilstrom zwischen 20 und 40% und der zweite Teilstrom zwischen 80 und 60% der Gesamtmenge des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes. Furthermore, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the inventive method - the first partial flow between 20 and 40% and second partial flow between 80 and 60% of the total amount of liquefied Hydrocarbon-rich electricity.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß eine derartige Verteilung zu einer optimalen Ausbeute an LNG bzw. C1-Kohlenwasserstoffen führt, wobei gleichzeitig die Betriebskosten minimiert werden können.It has been shown that such a distribution leads to an optimal yield of LNG or C 1 hydrocarbons, while at the same time the operating costs can be minimized.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Verflüssigen eines unter Druck stehenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes weist erfindungsgemäßThe device according to the invention for liquefying a pressurized Hydrocarbon-rich stream has according to the invention
- a) einen ersten Wärmetauscher, in dem ein erster Teilstrom des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes gegen wenigstens einen anzuwärmenden Prozessstrom abgekühlt wird,a) a first heat exchanger in which a first partial flow of the liquefying hydrocarbon-rich electricity against at least a process stream to be heated is cooled,
- b) einen zweiten Wärmetauscher, in dem ein zweiter Teilstrom des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes gegen einen Kältekreislauf abgekühlt wird,b) a second heat exchanger in which a second partial flow of the liquefied Hydrocarbon-rich electricity is cooled against a refrigeration cycle,
- c) jeweils wenigstens eine Entspannungsvorrichtung pro Teilstrom, mittels derer die Teilströme auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt werden, undc) at least one expansion device per partial stream, by means of which the partial flows are relaxed to a medium pressure, and
- d) einen Abscheider, in dem die bei der Entspannung der beiden Teilströme entstehenden Gasfraktionen abgetrennt werden, auf.d) a separator in which the expansion of the two substreams resulting gas fractions are separated on.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen des- bzw. derselben seien im folgenden anhand zweier in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The method according to the invention, the device according to the invention and further refinements of the same or the same are explained in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS . 1 and 2.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 sind zwei unterschiedliche Verfahrensweisen zum Verflüssigen eines Erdgasstromes und zur Gewinnung von LNG beschrieben. Der über Leitung 1 herangeführte, zu verflüssigende Erdgasstrom ist bereits von unerwünschten Komponeten, wie Wasser, Kohlendioxid sowie höheren Kohlenwasserstoffen mittels in den Figuren nicht dargestellter Vorbehandlungschritte befreit.In Figs. 1 and 2, two different methods are described for liquefying a natural gas stream and recovering LNG. The natural gas stream to be liquefied via line 1 is already freed from undesired components such as water, carbon dioxide and higher hydrocarbons by means of pretreatment steps not shown in the figures.
Der zu verflüssigende Erdgasstrom 1, der bspw. einen Druck von 60 bis 150 bar aufweist, wird in einen ersten Teilstrom 2 und einen zweiten Teilstrom 4 aufgeteilt. Der erste Teilstrom beträgt zwischen 20 und 40% und der zweite Teilstrom zwischen 80 und 60% der Gesamtmenge des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes. Durch die Aufteilung des zu verflüssigenden Erdgasstromes 1 in wenigstens zwei Teilströme 2 und 4 kann die Kälteleistung des Restgases, auf das im folgenden noch näher eingegangen werden wird, besser genutzt werden. Der erste Teilstrom 2 trägt ca. 50 bis 70% der in dem Abscheider D1, auf den ebenfalls noch näher eingegangen werden wird, gebildeten Flüssigkeit bei, während der zweite Teilstrom 4 für die Produktion der restlichen Flüssigkeit in dem Abscheider D1 erforderlich ist.The natural gas stream 1 to be liquefied, which has a pressure of 60 to 150 bar, for example, is divided into a first partial stream 2 and a second partial stream 4 . The first partial flow is between 20 and 40% and the second partial flow between 80 and 60% of the total amount of the hydrocarbon-rich stream to be liquefied. By dividing the natural gas stream 1 to be liquefied into at least two partial streams 2 and 4 , the cooling capacity of the residual gas, which will be discussed in more detail below, can be better used. The first partial flow 2 contributes approximately 50 to 70% of the liquid formed in the separator D1, which will also be discussed in more detail, while the second partial flow 4 is required for the production of the remaining liquid in the separator D1.
Der erste Teilstrom wird über Leitung 2 einem Wärmetauscher E1 zugeführt und in diesem gegen anzuwärmende Prozessströme, auf die im folgenden noch näher eingegangen werden wird, abgekühlt. Anschließend wird der erste Teilstrom über Leitung 2 einem Entspannungsventil V1 zugeführt, in diesem entspannt und als Zwei- Phasen-Strom dem Abscheider D1 zugeführt. Vorzugsweise wird der erste Teilstrom in dem Entspannungsventil V1 auf einen Druck entspannt, bei dem wenigstens 90%, vorzugsweise wenigstens 93% seiner Menge kondensieren.The first partial flow is fed via line 2 to a heat exchanger E1 and is cooled in the latter against process flows to be heated, which will be discussed in more detail below. The first partial flow is then fed via line 2 to an expansion valve V1, relaxed in this and supplied to the separator D1 as a two-phase flow. The first partial stream is preferably expanded in the expansion valve V1 to a pressure at which at least 90%, preferably at least 93%, of its amount condenses.
Der zweite Teilstrom wird über Leitung 4 zwei hintereinander angeordneten Wärmetauscher E2 und E3 zugeführt. Die Wärmetauscher E2 und E3 werden von einem Kältemittel, beispielsweise Propylen, Propan oder Ammoniak, das in einer Standardkälteanlage - dargestellt als Blackbox E - abgekühlt wird, durchströmt. Prinzipiell kann anstelle zweier Wärmetauscher auch lediglich ein Wärmetauscher vorgesehen sein.The second partial flow is fed via line 4 to two heat exchangers E2 and E3 arranged one behind the other. The heat exchangers E2 and E3 are flowed through by a refrigerant, for example propylene, propane or ammonia, which is cooled in a standard refrigeration system - shown as black box E -. In principle, only one heat exchanger can be provided instead of two heat exchangers.
Der in den Wärmetauschem E2 und E3 abgekühlte zweite Teilstrom wird über Leitung 5 einem Abscheider D2 zugeführt. Prinzipiell kann auf den Abscheider D2 verzichtet werden; er ist lediglich aus sicherheitstechnischen Überlegungen sinnvoll, da er bei einem Ausfall der Vorbehandlungsstufe, die der Abtrennung der unerwünschten schweren Kohlenwasserstoffe dient, der Abtrennung der bei der Abkühlung in den Wärmetauschem E2 und E3 möglicherweise anfallenden, flüssigen, schweren Kohlenwasserstoffe dient. Würden diese flüssigen, schweren Kohlenwasserstoffe vor der Entspannungsturbine X1 nicht abgetrennt, könnte dies zu Beschädigungen und/oder Störungen an der Entspannungsturbine X1 führen.The second partial stream cooled in the heat exchangers E2 and E3 is fed via line 5 to a separator D2. In principle, the separator D2 can be dispensed with; it only makes sense for safety reasons, since in the event of a failure of the pretreatment stage, which is used to separate the undesired heavy hydrocarbons, it serves to separate off the liquid, heavy hydrocarbons that may occur during cooling in the heat exchangers E2 and E3. If these liquid, heavy hydrocarbons were not separated off before the expansion turbine X1, this could lead to damage and / or malfunctions on the expansion turbine X1.
Entsprechend einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann dem Abscheider D2 zudem eine Entspannungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise ein Entspannungsventil V5 oder ein Expander, vorgeschaltet sein. Diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung macht insbesondere bei vergleichsweise hohen Drücken Sinn.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the separator D2 also an expansion device, preferably an expansion valve V5 or an expander. This embodiment of the invention makes especially at comparatively high pressures.
Am Kopf des Abscheiders D2 wird über Leitung 6 eine gasförmige Fraktion entnom men und einer Entspannungsvorrichtung, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um eine Entspannungsturbine X1 handelt, zugeführt. Um die Entspannungsturbine X1 bei einem Ausfall überbrücken zu können, ist eine Bypass-Leitung 8, in der ein Ent spannungsventil V3 angeordnet ist, vorgesehen. Die in der Entspannungsvorrichtung arbeitsleistend entspannte Fraktion wird anschließend über Leitung 7 ebenfalls dem Abscheider D1 zugeführt.At the head of the separator D2, a gaseous fraction is removed via line 6 and fed to a expansion device, which is preferably an expansion turbine X1. In order to be able to bridge the expansion turbine X1 in the event of a failure, a bypass line 8 , in which a voltage relief valve V3 is arranged, is provided. The fraction which has been expanded in the expansion device to perform work is then likewise fed to the separator D1 via line 7 .
Aus dem Sumpf des Abscheiders D2 kann über Leitung 12, in der ein Entspannungsventil V2 angeordnet ist, eine Flüssigfraktion abgezogen und der aus dem Abscheider D1 über Leitung 11 abgezogenen Gasfraktionen, auf die im folgenden noch näher eingegangen werden wird, zugemischt werden.A liquid fraction can be drawn off from the bottom of the separator D2 via line 12 , in which an expansion valve V2 is arranged, and the gas fractions drawn off from the separator D1 via line 11 , which will be discussed in more detail below.
Die in dem Abscheider D1 anfallende Flüssigfraktion, die das LNG-Produkt darstellt, wird über Leitung 9 aus dem Abscheider D1 abgezogen und über Entspannungsventil V4 in einen Speicherbehälter S entspannt. Aus diesem kann das verflüssigte Erdgas bspw. über Leitung 10 mittels einer Pumpe P in ein LNG-Transport-Fahrzeug F umgepumpt werden.The liquid fraction obtained in the separator D1, which represents the LNG product, is drawn off from the separator D1 via line 9 and expanded into a storage container S via expansion valve V4. From this, the liquefied natural gas can be pumped, for example via line 10, into a LNG transport vehicle F by means of a pump P.
Das am Kopf des Abscheiders D1 über Leitung 11 abgezogene sog. Mitteldruckgas, dem die über Leitung 12 aus dem Sumpf des Abscheiders D2 abgezogene und im Entspannungsventil V2 entspannte Fraktion zugemischt wird, wird nach erfolgter Zumischung über Leitung 13 dem Wärmetauscher E1 zugeführt und in diesem gegen den abzukühlenden ersten Teilstrom in Leitung 2 angewärmt. Das im Wärmetauscher E1 erwärmte Mitteldruckgas wird anschließend über Leitung 14 einem Gebläse C1 zugeführt und nach erfolgter Druckerhöhung über Leitung 15 aus der Anlage als Mitteldruckgas abgegeben. Vor der Abgabe des Mitteldruckgases kann dieses als Regeneriergas für die bei den in den Fig. 1 und 2 nicht dargestellten Vorbehandlungsschritten erforderlichen Adsorbem verwendet werden. Das Gebläse C1 kann bspw. durch den Expander X1 angetrieben werden.The so-called medium-pressure gas drawn off at the top of the separator D1 via line 11 , to which the fraction drawn off via line 12 from the bottom of the separator D2 and expanded in the expansion valve V2 is mixed, is fed via line 13 to the heat exchanger E1 and in this against heated the first partial stream to be cooled in line 2 . The medium pressure gas heated in the heat exchanger E1 is then fed via line 14 to a blower C1 and, after the pressure has been increased, is discharged from the system as line medium pressure via line 15 . Before the medium-pressure gas is released, it can be used as regeneration gas for the adsorbents required in the pretreatment steps not shown in FIGS . 1 and 2. The blower C1 can be driven, for example, by the expander X1.
Im Speicherbehälter S anfallendes Niederdruckgas wird aus diesem über Leitung 16 abgezogen und ebenfalls dem Wärmetauscher E1 zugeführt. Nach erfolgter Anwärmung im Wärmetauscher E1 gegen den abzukühlenden ersten Teilstrom kann das Niederdruckgas über Leitung 17 an ein städtisches Gasnetz abgegeben werden. Low-pressure gas occurring in the storage container S is drawn off from this via line 16 and likewise fed to the heat exchanger E1. After heating in the heat exchanger E1 against the first partial stream to be cooled, the low-pressure gas can be released via line 17 to an urban gas network.
Die in der Fig. 2 dargestellte Verfahrensweise bzw. Vorrichtung unterscheidet sich von derjenigen der Fig. 1 dadurch, daß die Entspannung des zweiten Teilstromes mittels zweier Entspannungsvorrichtungen, die vorzugsweise als Expander X1 und X2 ausgebildet sind, erfolgt. Der in dem Expander X2 entspannte zweite Teilstrom wird bei dieser Prozeßführung über Leitung 5' dem Abscheider D2 zugeführt. Die aus dem Sumpf des Abscheiders D2 über Leitung 12' entnommene Flüssigfraktion wird in einem zusätzlichen Wärmetauscher E4 unterkühlt und anschließend über Leitung 12", in der ein Entspannungsventil V2' angeordnet ist, ebenfalls dem Abscheider D1 zugeführt.The procedure or device shown in FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that the expansion of the second partial flow takes place by means of two expansion devices, which are preferably designed as expanders X1 and X2. The second partial stream expanded in the expander X2 is fed to the separator D2 in this process control via line 5 '. The liquid fraction removed from the bottom of the separator D2 via line 12 ′ is subcooled in an additional heat exchanger E4 and then also fed to the separator D1 via line 12 ″, in which an expansion valve V2 ′ is arranged.
Der am Kopf des Abscheiders D1 über Leitung 11 abgezogene Mitteldruckgasstrom sowie der aus dem Speicherbehälter S über Leitung 16 abgezogene Niederdruckgasstrom werden ebenfalls dem Wärmetauscher E4 zugeführt und in diesem gegen den abzukühlenden ersten Teilstrom in Leitung 3 sowie den zu unterkühlenden Strom in Leitung 12' angewärmt. Die Druckerhöhung des aus dem Wärmetauscher E1 über Leitung 14 abgezogenen Mitteldruckgasstromes erfolgt nunmehr mittels zweier Gebläse C1 und C2, die bspw. durch die Expander X1 und X2 angetrieben werden können.The medium-pressure gas stream drawn off at the top of the separator D1 via line 11 and the low-pressure gas stream drawn off from the storage container S via line 16 are likewise fed to the heat exchanger E4 and are heated in the latter against the first partial stream to be cooled in line 3 and the stream to be supercooled in line 12 '. The pressure increase of the medium-pressure gas stream drawn off from the heat exchanger E1 via line 14 now takes place by means of two fans C1 and C2, which can be driven, for example, by the expanders X1 and X2.
Eine Prozeßführung gemäß der Fig. 2 eignet sich insbesondere für Rohgase mit vergleichsweise hohen Rohgasdrücken und großen Rohgasmengen, während die in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Prozeßführung bei hohen Rohgasdrücken und kleineren Rohgasmengen vorteilhaft ist.A process control according to FIG. 2 is particularly suitable for raw gases with comparatively high raw gas pressures and large amounts of raw gas, while the process control shown in FIG. 1 is advantageous at high raw gas pressures and smaller amounts of raw gas.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Verflüssigen eines unter Druck stehenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes ermöglichen eine deutliche Steigerung der LNG-Ausbeute, wobei die Investitions- und Betriebskosten im wesentlichen unverändert bleiben. Die im Abscheider D1 anfallende Flüssigkeitsmenge kann gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Expanderverfahren im wesentlichen verdoppelt werden.The inventive method and the inventive device for Liquefaction of a hydrocarbon-rich stream under pressure allow a significant increase in LNG yield, with the investment and Operating costs remain essentially unchanged. The separator D1 amount of liquid can be compared to a conventional Expander procedures are essentially doubled.
Claims (12)
- a) der zu verflüssigende Kohlenwasserstoff-reiche Strom (1) in wenigstens zwei Teilströme aufgeteilt wird,
- b) der erste Teilstrom (2) gegen wenigstens einen anzuwärmenden Prozessstrom abgekühlt (E1) und auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt wird (V1),
- c) der zweite Teilstrom (4) gegen wenigstens einen Kältekreislauf abgekühlt (E2, E3) und in wenigstens einer Entspannungsvorrichtung (X1) auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt wird,
- d) die bei der Entspannung (V1, X1) der beiden Teilströme entstehenden Gasfraktionen in wenigstens einem Abscheider (D1) abgetrennt und gegen den abzukühlenden ersten Teilstrom (2) angewärmt werden, und
- e) die aus dem Abscheider (D1) abgezogene Flüssigfraktion (9) das Verflüssigungsprodukt darstellt.
- a) the hydrocarbon-rich stream ( 1 ) to be liquefied is divided into at least two partial streams,
- b) the first partial stream ( 2 ) is cooled (E1) against at least one process stream to be heated and expanded to a medium pressure (V1),
- c) the second partial flow ( 4 ) is cooled against at least one refrigeration cycle (E2, E3) and is expanded to an average pressure in at least one expansion device (X1),
- d) the gas fractions formed during the expansion (V1, X1) of the two partial streams are separated off in at least one separator (D1) and heated against the first partial stream ( 2 ) to be cooled, and
- e) the liquid fraction ( 9 ) drawn off from the separator (D1) represents the liquefaction product.
- a) einen ersten Wärmetauscher (E1), in dem ein erster Teilstrom (2) des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes (1) gegen wenigstens einen anzuwärmenden Prozessstrom abgekühlt wird,
- b) einen zweiten Wärmetauscher (E2, E3), in dem ein zweiter Teilstrom (2) des zu verflüssigenden Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes (1) gegen einen Kältekreislauf abgekühlt wird,
- c) jeweils wenigstens eine Entspannungsvorrichtung (V1, X1) pro Teilstrom (3, 5, 6), mittels derer die Teilströme auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt werden, und
- d) einen Abscheider (D1), in dem die bei der Entspannung (V1, X1) der beiden Teilströme entstehenden Gasfraktionen abgetrennt werden.
- a) a first heat exchanger (E1) in which a first partial stream ( 2 ) of the hydrocarbon-rich stream ( 1 ) to be liquefied is cooled against at least one process stream to be heated,
- b) a second heat exchanger (E2, E3) in which a second partial stream ( 2 ) of the hydrocarbon-rich stream ( 1 ) to be liquefied is cooled against a refrigeration cycle,
- c) at least one expansion device (V1, X1) per partial flow ( 3 , 5 , 6 ), by means of which the partial flows are expanded to a medium pressure, and
- d) a separator (D1) in which the gas fractions formed during the expansion (V1, X1) of the two substreams are separated.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998121242 DE19821242A1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 1998-05-12 | Liquefaction of pressurized hydrocarbon-enriched stream |
| PCT/EP1999/003083 WO1999058917A1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 1999-05-05 | Method and device for liquefying a stream rich in hydrocarbon |
| AU41387/99A AU4138799A (en) | 1998-05-12 | 1999-05-05 | Method and device for liquefying a stream rich in hydrocarbon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998121242 DE19821242A1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 1998-05-12 | Liquefaction of pressurized hydrocarbon-enriched stream |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19821242A1 true DE19821242A1 (en) | 1999-11-18 |
Family
ID=7867514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998121242 Withdrawn DE19821242A1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 1998-05-12 | Liquefaction of pressurized hydrocarbon-enriched stream |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU4138799A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19821242A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999058917A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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| WO2003019095A1 (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-03-06 | Gasconsult Limited | Method for liquefying methane-rich gas |
| WO2003062723A1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2003-07-31 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Self-refrigerated lng process |
| US6743829B2 (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2004-06-01 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Integrated processing of natural gas into liquid products |
| WO2005061978A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Bp Exploration Operating Company Limited | Process for producing nitrogen depleted liquified natural gas |
| US7168265B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2007-01-30 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Integrated processing of natural gas into liquid products |
| US8578734B2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2013-11-12 | Shell Oil Company | Method and apparatus for liquefying a hydrocarbon stream |
| CN104567276A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 杭州凯德空分设备有限公司 | Device and technological method for producing LNG (liquefied natural gas) by recycling ammonia tail gas |
| US10539363B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2020-01-21 | Shell Oil Company | Method and apparatus for cooling a hydrocarbon stream |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4138799A (en) | 1999-11-29 |
| WO1999058917A1 (en) | 1999-11-18 |
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