DE19821492A1 - Contactless measuring of current in conductor track of e.g. battery short-circuit safety system in motor vehicle - Google Patents
Contactless measuring of current in conductor track of e.g. battery short-circuit safety system in motor vehicleInfo
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- DE19821492A1 DE19821492A1 DE1998121492 DE19821492A DE19821492A1 DE 19821492 A1 DE19821492 A1 DE 19821492A1 DE 1998121492 DE1998121492 DE 1998121492 DE 19821492 A DE19821492 A DE 19821492A DE 19821492 A1 DE19821492 A1 DE 19821492A1
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/202—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using Hall-effect devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/207—Constructional details independent of the type of device used
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- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur berührungslosen Messung eines einen Leiter durchfließenden Stromes mittels eines im elektromagnetischen Feld des Leiters befindlichen Hallsensors gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 sowie eine Hallsensoranordnung gemäß Anspruch 7.The invention relates to a method for the contactless measurement of a a current flowing through a conductor by means of an electromagnetic Field of the conductor located Hall sensor according to the preamble of Claim 1 and a Hall sensor arrangement according to claim 7.
Aus den physikalischen Grundlagen stromdurchflossener Leiter ist die Entstehung eines zum Strom proportionalen elektromagnetischen Feldes um diese bereits auch zur berührungslosen Strommessung bekannt, indem ein Hallsensor als ein auf das elektromagnetische Feld sensitives Bauelement in der Nähe des Leiters im elektromagnetischen Feld ausgerichtet an geordnet wird. Die Feldstärke nimmt bei kreisförmigen Leiterquerschnitten immer, bei beliebig geformten Leitern ab einer gewissen Entfernung mit dem Abstand R vom Leiter proportional 1/R ab.From the physical basics of current-carrying conductors is the Creation of an electromagnetic field proportional to the current to make this known for non-contact current measurement by a Hall sensor as a component sensitive to the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the conductor in the electromagnetic field is ordered. The field strength increases with circular conductor cross-sections always, with conductors of any shape from a certain distance the distance R from the conductor is proportional to 1 / R.
Die damit am Hallsensor meßbare Signalamplitude ist recht gering. Zur Verstärkung des elektromagnetischen Feldes werden dabei ferro magnetische Körper zur Konzentration des elektromagnetischen Feldes genutzt. Die Signale des Hallsensors müssen dennoch nicht unerheblich verstärkt werden und sind dabei stark anfällig für elektromagnetische Fremdfelder, bspw. durch benachbarte stromdurchflossene Leiter oder durch Funksignale u.ä. .The signal amplitude that can thus be measured at the Hall sensor is quite low. For Amplification of the electromagnetic field will be ferro magnetic body to concentrate the electromagnetic field utilized. However, the signals from the Hall sensor must not be negligible are amplified and are highly susceptible to electromagnetic Foreign fields, e.g. through adjacent current-carrying conductors or by radio signals etc. .
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein verfahren zur berührungslosen Strom messung mittels eines Hallsensors anzugeben, mit dem auf möglichst einfache Weise höhere Signalamplituden erzielt werden können. Außerdem soll die Störanfälligkeit durch Fremdfelder verringert werden. Des weiteren soll eine besonders bevorzugte Hallsensoranordnung angegeben werden.The object of the invention is to provide a method for non-contact current to specify measurement using a Hall sensor, with which on if possible higher signal amplitudes can easily be achieved. Furthermore the susceptibility to interference from external fields is to be reduced. Furthermore a particularly preferred Hall sensor arrangement is to be specified.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patent anspruchs 1 sowie durch Anspruch 7 für die Hallsensoranordnung gelöst.This object is achieved through the characteristic features of the patent claim 1 and solved by claim 7 for the Hall sensor arrangement.
Grundansatz der Erfindung ist, die auf den einen Hallsensor (oder in der bevorzugten Weiterbildung auf die zwei Hallsensoren) effektiv wirkende Leiterlänge zu erhöhen, indem der Leiter den Hallsensor nach dem Prinzip einer Spule zumindest teilweise umschließt. Die einzelnen Leiterabschnitte bilden jeweils elektromagnetische Feldanteile, welche sich in der Mitte additiv überlagern. Ein dort angeordneter Hallsensor kann folglich ein deutlich stärkeres, idealisierter Weise fast dreifach so starkes elektro magnetisches Feld messen.The basic approach of the invention is based on the one Hall sensor (or in the preferred further training on the two Hall sensors) effectively acting Increase conductor length by the conductor using the Hall sensor on the principle at least partially encloses a coil. The individual conductor sections each form electromagnetic field components, which are in the middle additively overlay. A Hall sensor arranged there can consequently be a much stronger, idealized way almost three times as strong electro measure magnetic field.
Die U-Form eines Leiters läßt sich durch Biegen eines Leiterkabels oder durch Ausstanzen aus einem Leiterblech sehr leicht erzeugen.The U-shape of a conductor can be changed by bending a conductor cable or easily by punching out of a printed circuit board.
Im Gegensatz zu der U-Form weist ein Langloch eine deutlich höhere mechanische Stabilität auf. Da der Leiter beidseitig des Langloches von parallel zueinander gerichteten Stromanteilen durchflossen wird, wechseln hierbei die Richtungen der jeweiligen elektromagnetischen Felder innerhalb des Langloches. Dies führt aufgrund der stark vom Abstand abhängigen Feldamplitude bei einem genügend großen Langloch zu keiner nennens werten Schwächung des Feldes am Ende des Langloches, wo sich der Hallsensor befindet.In contrast to the U-shape, an elongated hole has a significantly higher one mechanical stability. Since the conductor on both sides of the slot from flows parallel to each other, alternate the directions of the respective electromagnetic fields within of the elongated hole. This leads due to the strongly dependent on the distance No field amplitude for a sufficiently large elongated hole value weakening of the field at the end of the elongated hole, where the Hall sensor is located.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Ausgestaltung als verfahren jedoch mit zwei Hallsensoren, die an den entgegengesetzten Enden des Langloches im Leiter angeordnet sind. Hierbei werden die zwei entgegengesetzt gerichteten elektromagnetischen Felder im Inneren des Langloches jeweils an ihrer stärksten Stelle gemessen. Dabei erweist es sich als äußerst vorteilhaft, die Differenz der zwei von den Hallsensoren gemessenen Signale auszuwerten, da aufgrund der entgegengesetzten Ausrichtung der Feldes es so zu einem betragsmäßig nochmals doppelt so großen, als gegenüber herkömmlichen Meßverfahren fast sechsfach höheren zum fließenden Strom proportionalen Signal kommt. Wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Differenzmethode ist auch deren verbesserte Störsicherheit gegen Fremdfelder, da diese im Gegensatz zum Eigenfeld der stromdurchflossenen Leiter im Innenbereich des Langloches annähernd konstant sind, da deren Abstand im Verhältnis zur Länge des Langloches meist relativ groß und die relative Feldänderung somit relativ klein ist.However, the configuration as a method with two is particularly preferred Hall sensors located at the opposite ends of the elongated hole in the ladder are arranged. Here the two are directed in opposite directions electromagnetic fields inside the elongated hole at their strongest point measured. It proves to be extremely advantageous that Evaluate the difference between the two signals measured by the Hall sensors, because due to the opposite orientation of the field it becomes one twice as large as compared to conventional ones Measuring method almost six times higher proportional to the flowing current Signal is coming. Another major advantage of this difference method is its Improved interference immunity to external fields, as opposed to the Eigenfield of the current-carrying conductors in the interior of the elongated hole are approximately constant, since their distance in relation to the length of the Elongated hole is usually relatively large and the relative field change is therefore relative is small.
Eine solche Hallsensoranordnung für ein Langloch, bestehend aus zwei von einander beabstandeten Hallsensoren, läßt sich sehr einfach herstellen und einfach montieren. Beide Hallsensoren können in Serie zueinander von einem Betriebsstrom gespeist werden, wobei der Strom diese zwei Sensoren antiparallel durchfließt, also einmal in die Richtung des Stromes in dem Leiter, einmal entgegen, so daß hierdurch das Vorzeichen geändert, also die Differenz beider Signalanteile bewirkt wird und die Hallspannung an denjenigen Abgriffen der Hallsensoren erfaßt wird, die bezüglich des Lang loches außen liegen, während die innen liegenden Abgriffe der Hallsensoren miteinander verbunden sind.Such a Hall sensor arrangement for an elongated hole, consisting of two of Hall sensors spaced apart from one another, can be produced very easily and easy to assemble. Both Hall sensors can be connected to each other in series be fed an operating current, the current these two Flows through sensors antiparallel, i.e. once in the direction of the current in towards the leader, so that this changes the sign, So the difference between the two signal components is caused and the Hall voltage on those taps of the Hall sensors that are detected with respect to the Lang holes outside, while the internal taps of the Hall sensors are interconnected.
Durch ferromagnetische Körper als Feldkonzentratoren zumindest im Bereich der Hallsensoren kann die Feldstärke weiter erhöht werden.By ferromagnetic bodies as field concentrators at least in the The field strength can be increased further in the area of the Hall sensors.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und Figuren näher erläutert.The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments and Figures explained in more detail.
Kurze Beschreibung der Figuren:Brief description of the figures:
Fig. 1 Berührungslose Strommeßanordnung mit einem einen Hallsensor U-förmig umschließend gebogenen Leiterkabel Fig. 1 non-contact current measuring arrangement with a U-shaped surrounding conductor cable bent conductor cable
Fig. 2 U-förmig mittels Einschnitten strukturiertes Leiterblech mit Hallsensor Fig. 2 U-shaped structured by means of incisions printed circuit board with Hall sensor
Fig. 3 Hallspannungsverlauf bei lateraler Verschiebung des Hallsensors gemäß Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Hall voltage curve for lateral displacement of the Hall sensor of FIG. 2
Fig. 4 Vergrößerung des Optimumsbereichs der Fig. 3 zur Darstellung der geringen Empfindlichkeit gegen leichte Fertigungs toleranzen Fig. 4 enlargement of the optimum range of FIG. 3 to illustrate the low sensitivity to light manufacturing tolerances
Fig. 5 Leiterblech mit Langloch und zwei Hallsensoren Fig. 5 printed circuit board with slot and two Hall sensors
Fig. 6 Hallspannungsverlauf bei lateraler Verschiebung eines Hallsensors entlang des Langloches gemäß Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Hall voltage curve for lateral displacement of a Hall sensor along the elongated hole in accordance with FIG. 5
Fig. 7 linearer Differenzsignalverlauf der Hallspannungen der zwei Hallsensoren in Abhängigkeit vom Strom Fig. 7 linear difference signal curve of the Hall voltages of the two Hall sensors as a function of the current
Fig. 8 Hallsensoranordnung mit zwei in den beiden Enden eines Langloches anzuordnenden, elektrisch seriell geschalteten Hallsensoren und einem ferromagnetischen Körper zur Feldverstärkung Fig. 8 Hall sensor arrangement with two Hall sensors to be arranged in the two ends of an elongated hole, electrically connected in series and a ferromagnetic body for field strengthening
Fig. 9 Darstellung der geringen Empfindlichkeit gegen leichte Fertigungstoleranzen bei einer Hallsensoranordnung gemäß Fig. 8 Fig. 9 showing the low sensitivity to slight manufacturing tolerances in a Hall sensor arrangement of FIG. 8
Fig. 10 Vergleich der verschiedenen Strommeßanordnungen untereinander. Fig. 10 Comparison of the different current measuring arrangements with each other.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt ein vom Strom l durchflossenes Leiterkabel 1a, welches U- förmig um einen Hallsensor 2 geformt ist. Dabei entstehen drei Leiterabschnitte 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, deren jeweilige elektromagnetische Feldanteile Φ1, Φ2, Φ3 sich in der Mitte additiv überlagern. Die am Hallsensor 2 abgreifbare Hallspannung ist zum Strom I im Leiter 1a proportional. Der Hallsensor 2 wird dabei von einer nicht näher gezeigten Konstant stromquelle betrieben. Bei einem Stromfluß von ca. 40 A im Leiter können bei einem guten Hallsensor bei dieser Anordnung Hallspannungen von über 100 mV erreicht werden, während der gleiche Hallsensor bei dem gleichen Leiterquerschnitt in gerader Form maximal ca. 30 mV erreicht. Fig. 1 shows a l by flossenes from the conductor cable 1 a, which is U-shaped formed by a Hall sensor 2. This creates three conductor sections 1.1 , 1.2 , 1.3 , whose respective electromagnetic field components Φ1, Φ2, Φ3 additively overlap in the middle. The Hall voltage that can be picked up at the Hall sensor 2 is proportional to the current I in the conductor 1 a. The Hall sensor 2 is operated by a constant current source, not shown. With a current flow of approx. 40 A in the conductor, Hall voltages of over 100 mV can be achieved with a good Hall sensor with this arrangement, while the same Hall sensor with the same conductor cross section in a straight form reaches a maximum of approx. 30 mV.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt ein Leiterblech 1b, welches durch drei Einschnitte 3, 4, 5 zu einer U-Form mit wiederum drei Leiterabschnitten 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 gestaltet wird. Im mittleren Einschnitt 4 befindet sich wieder der Hallsensor 2, während die äußeren Einschnitte 3 und 5 möglichst lange Leiterabschnitte 1.1 und 1.3 mit konstanter Stromdichte formen. Hierbei ist der elektrische Widerstand möglichst gering zu halten, um die Wirkungsgradverluste zu minimieren. Wie die Fig. 1 und 2 bereits deutlich machen, sind für nahezu alle möglichen Leiterformen derartige teilweise Umschließungen eines Hallsensors möglich. Selbstverständlich wirken grundsätzlich V-förmige Umschließungen entsprechend dem Grundprinzip der Erfindung, wenn auch nicht so gut wie U-förmige, da durch die V-Form quasi nur zwei statt bei der U-Form drei Leiterabschnitte wirken. Fig. 2 shows a b conductor plate 1, which is shaped by three incisions 3, 4, 5 into a U-shape, again with three conductor sections 1.1, 1.2, 1.3. Hall sensor 2 is again located in central incision 4 , while outer incisions 3 and 5 form conductor sections 1.1 and 1.3 as long as possible with a constant current density. The electrical resistance should be kept as low as possible in order to minimize efficiency losses. As FIGS. 1 and 2 already make clear, such partial enclosures of a Hall sensor are possible for almost all possible conductor shapes. Of course, basically V-shaped enclosures act in accordance with the basic principle of the invention, although not as well as U-shaped ones, since the V-shape means that only two conductor sections act as opposed to three in the U-shape.
Die Auswirkung der in Fig. 2 eingezeichneten X-Verschiebung des Hallsensors 2 wird in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Hierbei ist deutlich zu erkennen, daß genau am inneren Ende des mittleren Einschnittes 4 die elektro magnetische Feldstärke B und damit auch die Hallspannung UHall am größten ist. Außerhalb des stromdurchflossenen Leiters 1 ändert sich selbst verständlich das Vorzeichen des elektromagnetischen Feldes. Die Vergrößerung der Darstellung von Fig. 3 in Fig. 4 zeigt, daß im Nahbereich (± 0,4 mm) des optimums (x=0), also am inneren Ende des mittleren Einschnittes 4 die Hallspannung UHall nur relativ gering abnimmt und somit dieses Verfahren im Rahmen üblicher Fertigungstoleranzen nur gering beeinflußt wird.The effect of the illustrated in Fig. 2 the X-displacement of the Hall sensor 2 is shown in Fig. 3. It can be clearly seen that the electromagnetic field strength B and thus also the Hall voltage U Hall is greatest at the inner end of the central incision 4 . Outside the current-carrying conductor 1 , the sign of the electromagnetic field naturally changes. The enlargement of the representation of FIG. 3 in FIG. 4 shows that in the close range (± 0.4 mm) of the optimum (x = 0), that is to say at the inner end of the central incision 4, the Hall voltage U Hall decreases only relatively slightly and thus this process is only slightly influenced within the scope of usual manufacturing tolerances.
Fig. 5 zeigt nun eine Leiteranordnung 1c, die in Form eines Langloches 6 senkrecht zur Stromflußrichtung (angedeutet durch die Pfeile) aufgeteilt wird. Die Stromanteile 1/2 verlaufen in den zwei Leitungsabschnitten parallel zueinander. Es wirken dabei aber auf das jeweilige Ende des Langloches in Analogie zur Ausgestaltung gemäß der Fig. 1 und 2 auch die jeweiligen parallel zur Längsachse des Langlochs befindlichen Leitungsabschnitte. Durch die Einschnitte muß der wirksame Leiterquerschnitt nicht herab gesetzt werden, wenn die so geformten Leiterabschnitte entsprechend dicker gestaltet werden. Die Dicke bzw. der Querschnitt der Leiter ist prinzipiell für die Messung nicht relevant sondern beeinflußt einzig den elektrischen Widerstand und damit die Verlustleistung. Um eine Erhitzung des Leiters in dem U-förmigen Leiterabschnitt bzw. um das Langloch herum zu vermeiden empfiehlt es sich also, den Querschnitt oder auch das dort verwendete Material entsprechend niederohmig auszulegen. Fig. 5 shows a conductor arrangement 1 c, which is divided in the form of an elongated hole 6 perpendicular to the direction of current flow (indicated by the arrows). The current components 1/2 parallel to each other in the two line sections. However, the respective line sections located parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated hole act on the respective end of the elongated hole in analogy to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2. The effective conductor cross section does not have to be reduced by the cuts if the conductor sections shaped in this way are made correspondingly thicker. The thickness or cross-section of the conductors is in principle not relevant for the measurement but only influences the electrical resistance and thus the power loss. In order to avoid heating the conductor in the U-shaped conductor section or around the elongated hole, it is therefore advisable to design the cross section or the material used there accordingly with a low resistance.
In Fig. 6 wird wieder die Veränderung der Hallspannung UHall über die in Fig. 5 skizzierte X-Verschiebung dargestellt. Es wird hierbei deutlich, daß die beiden elektromagnetischen Felder einander entgegengesetzt gerichtet sind, sich innerhalb des Langloches zum Teil überlagern und an den beiden Enden des Langloches jeweils ihr Maximum erreichen. Durch die zwei an den beiden Enden des Langloches beabstandet voneinander angeordneten Hallsensoren 2.1 und 2.b werden diese Maxima erfaßt. Bildet man die Differenz aus deren beider Hallspannung ΔUHall = Uhall(2.1) - Uhall(2.2), die ja unterschiedliches Vorzeichen aufweisen, erhält man eine betragsmäßig doppelt so große, vom Strom proportional abhängige Signalgröße, wie dies in Fig. 7 dargestellt ist. Der besondere Vorteil ist hierbei, daß Fremdfelder mit geringer relativer Feldstärkeänderung, also entferntere Felder, un abhängig von ihrer absoluten Feldstärke keinen Einfluß auf die Signalgröße haben. FIG. 6 again shows the change in the Hall voltage U Hall via the X shift outlined in FIG. 5. It is clear here that the two electromagnetic fields are directed opposite one another, partially overlap within the elongated hole and each reach their maximum at the two ends of the elongated hole. These maxima are detected by the two Hall sensors 2.1 and 2 .b spaced apart from one another at the two ends of the elongated hole. If the difference is formed from their two Hall voltages ΔU Hall = U hall ( 2.1 ) - U hall ( 2.2 ), which have different signs, one obtains a magnitude of the signal magnitude that is proportional to the current, as shown in FIG. 7 is. The particular advantage here is that external fields with a small relative change in field strength, ie more distant fields, have no influence on the signal size, regardless of their absolute field strength.
Fig. 8 zeigt eine Hallsensoranordnung, wie sie zur berührungslosen Strom messung im Sicherungsbereich von Autobatterien eingesetzt werden wird. Die Beschaltung ist schematisch skizziert. Fig. 8 shows a Hall sensor arrangement as it is used for contactless current measurement in the fuse area of car batteries. The wiring is outlined schematically.
Es wird eine Leiteranordnung 1c mit einem Langloch verwandt, in welches die Hallsensoranordnung eingesetzt wird. Ein Langloch läßt sich selbst verständlich auch durch zwei parallel geschaltete und im Bereich des Langloches entsprechend aufgespreizte Flachbandleiter realisieren. Die Hallsensoranordnung gemäß Fig. 8 weist zwei Hallsensoren 2.1 und 2.b auf, die jeweils bezüglich der beiden Enden des Langloches 6 voneinander beabstandet angeordnet sind. Die Hallsensoren 2.1 und 2.2 werden von einem gemeinsamen Betriebsstrom Iconst betrieben, der den ersten Hallsensor 2.1 in Richtung des Stromes in dem benachbarten Leitungs abschnitt, den zweiten Hallsensor 2.2 entgegengesetzt durchfließt. Die Hallspannungsdifferenz ΔUHall wird an denjenigen Abgriffen der Hallsensoren erfaßt, die bezüglich des Langloches 6 außen liegen, während die innen liegenden Abgriffe der Hallsensoren 2.1 und 2.2 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Hallsensoranordnung weist zumindest einseitig, vorzugsweise ringförmig um die Leiter herum ferromagnetische Körper 10, im einfachsten Fall aus Eisen, zur Konzentration der Feldlinien zumindest im Bereich der Hallsensoren auf. Die einseitige Ausgestaltung der Hallsensor anordnung ermöglicht eine sehr einfache Montage mittels Einschiebens in das Langloch. Selbstverständlich sind auch beidseitige Ausgestaltungen denkbar.A conductor arrangement 1 c with an elongated hole is used, in which the Hall sensor arrangement is used. An elongated hole can of course also be realized by two flat ribbon conductors connected in parallel and correspondingly spread out in the region of the elongated hole. The Hall sensor arrangement according to FIG. 8 has two Hall sensors 2.1 and 2 .b, which are each arranged at a distance from one another with respect to the two ends of the elongated hole 6 . The Hall sensors 2.1 and 2.2 are operated by a common operating current I const which cuts the first Hall sensor 2.1 in the direction of the current in the adjacent line and flows through the second Hall sensor 2.2 in the opposite direction. The Hall voltage difference ΔU Hall is detected at those taps of the Hall sensors that are on the outside with respect to the elongated hole 6 , while the taps on the inside of the Hall sensors 2.1 and 2.2 are connected to one another. The Hall sensor arrangement has, at least on one side, preferably in a ring around the conductors, ferromagnetic bodies 10 , in the simplest case made of iron, for concentrating the field lines at least in the region of the Hall sensors. The one-sided design of the Hall sensor arrangement enables very simple assembly by pushing it into the slot. Of course, bilateral configurations are also conceivable.
Fig. 9 zeigt die relative Unempfindlichkeit gegen Montagetoleranzen auch für diese Hallsensoranordnung gemäß Fig. 8. FIG. 9 shows the relative insensitivity to assembly tolerances also for this Hall sensor arrangement according to FIG. 8.
Fig. 10 ermöglicht den Vergleich der Hallspannungskennlinien für verschiedene Hallsensoren und deren Anordnungen. Während im Funktion f1 der Hallsensor noch im geraden Teil außerhalb der U-förmigen Aus gestaltung angeordnet ist und somit auch bei einem Strom von 40 A nur Hallspannungen von max. 30 mV erzielt, weist der gleiche Hallsensor innerhalb des U-förmigen Einschnittes einen deutlich steileren Verlauf und eine Hallspannung von über 100 mV bei 40 A auf (vgl. f2). Durch höherwertige Hallsensoren kann dieser Wert gemäß Funktion f3 noch verbessert werden. Von ganz besonderer Bedeutung ist selbstverständlich auch die Feldverstärkung mittels eines ferromagnetischen Körpers wie in Funktion f4 dargestellt. Fig. 10 enables the comparison of the Hall voltage characteristic curves for different Hall sensors and their arrangements. While in function f1 the Hall sensor is still arranged in a straight part outside of the U-shaped design and thus even at a current of 40 A only Hall voltages of max. 30 mV, the same Hall sensor has a significantly steeper profile within the U-shaped notch and a Hall voltage of over 100 mV at 40 A (see f2). This value can be further improved according to function f3 by using higher-quality Hall sensors. Of course, the field strengthening by means of a ferromagnetic body as shown in function f4 is of particular importance.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998121492 DE19821492A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1998-05-14 | Contactless measuring of current in conductor track of e.g. battery short-circuit safety system in motor vehicle |
| PCT/EP1999/002655 WO1999060416A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1999-04-20 | Method for measuring a current flowing through a conductor without contact using a hall sensor, and hall sensor arrangement |
| JP2000549976A JP2002516396A (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1999-04-20 | Method for non-contact measurement of current flowing through a conductor by a hall sensor and hall sensor device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998121492 DE19821492A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1998-05-14 | Contactless measuring of current in conductor track of e.g. battery short-circuit safety system in motor vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19821492A1 true DE19821492A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
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| DE1998121492 Withdrawn DE19821492A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 1998-05-14 | Contactless measuring of current in conductor track of e.g. battery short-circuit safety system in motor vehicle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002516396A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19821492A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999060416A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE20017512U1 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2001-02-08 | Honeywell Ag, 63067 Offenbach | Device for measuring current on printed circuit boards |
| WO2001023899A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Device for measuring current comprising differential sensors which are sensitive to magnetic fields and which are comprised of at least two hall sensors |
| DE10032826A1 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-31 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensor has weakly magnetic arrangement with opposing sections between which sensor is arranged for focusing and feeding magnetic field to sensor |
| DE10049071A1 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2002-04-25 | Micronas Gmbh | Circuit protection device, especially in vehicles, has terminals protruding out of housing formed in one piece with conducting section inside housing forming preferred breakage point |
| DE10100597A1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device, ammeter and motor vehicle |
| WO2002066996A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device, amperemeter and motor vehicle |
| WO2002066997A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device, amperemeter and motor vehicle |
| EP1273921A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-08 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Hall-effect current detector |
| DE10159005A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for measuring the strength of a magnetic field has first and second sensor devices linked to an evaluating circuit in a combined casing |
| EP1139104A3 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2003-11-19 | DaimlerChrysler AG | Electrical conductor multilayer arrangement with integrated current detection |
| EP1111693A3 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2004-10-13 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Large current detector having a hall-effect device |
| EP1107327A3 (en) * | 1999-12-09 | 2004-12-29 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor current detector of improved noise immunity |
| EP1267173A3 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2005-03-23 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Hall-effect current detector |
| DE102004050019A1 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-06-01 | Ssg Semiconductor Systems Gmbh | Current measurement device, has aperture placed in conductor and completely/partly filled with ferromagnetic material, and magnetic field sensitive sensors placed in areas of material, which are not enveloped by current conducting material |
| DE202006013311U1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-01-03 | Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connection unit of a bus system |
| EP1772737A3 (en) * | 2005-10-08 | 2008-02-20 | Melexis Technologies SA | Assembly group for the current measurement |
| DE102008061006A1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Esw Gmbh | Method and device for measuring electric current |
| US8283742B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2012-10-09 | Infineon Technologies, A.G. | Thin-wafer current sensors |
| US20130076341A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-03-28 | Udo Ausserlechner | High current sensors |
| US8680843B2 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2014-03-25 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US8717016B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2014-05-06 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensors and methods |
| US8760149B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2014-06-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| DE10243645B4 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2014-10-30 | Ssg Semiconductor Systems Gmbh | measuring device |
| US8963536B2 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2015-02-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensors, systems and methods for sensing current in a conductor |
| US8975889B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2015-03-10 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current difference sensors, systems and methods |
| US9222992B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2015-12-29 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US9476915B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2016-10-25 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| EP2562550A4 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2017-05-31 | Canon Denshi Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for detecting magnetic field generated by a current to estimate the amount of current |
| DE102023205141A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2024-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | current detection arrangement |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1154277A1 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2001-11-14 | Infineon Technologies AG | Device for measuring electric currents |
| US7709754B2 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2010-05-04 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Current sensor |
| JP2007183221A (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Denso Corp | Electric current sensor |
| JP5193622B2 (en) * | 2008-02-12 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | Battery terminal with integrated current sensor |
| WO2013008466A1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | Current sensor substrate and current sensor |
| JP6017182B2 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2016-10-26 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | Current sensor |
| JP5814976B2 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2015-11-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Current measuring device |
| TWI504904B (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2015-10-21 | 旭化成微電子股份有限公司 | Current sensor |
| KR200480991Y1 (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-08-01 | 광주광역시도시철도공사 | A Real-time monitoring system For A Number of rectifiers Of Train Operation Control Equipments |
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| JPH0390872A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-04-16 | Toshiba Corp | Semiconductor device |
| GB9717668D0 (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 1997-10-29 | Cambridge Consultants | Magnetic flux concentration device |
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- 1998-05-14 DE DE1998121492 patent/DE19821492A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 1999-04-20 WO PCT/EP1999/002655 patent/WO1999060416A1/en not_active Ceased
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| US2988707A (en) * | 1957-03-29 | 1961-06-13 | Siemens Ag | Hall voltage generators for amplifier and oscillator purposes |
| DE3147715A1 (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-06-01 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Device for measuring a current in a conductor |
| EP0082082B1 (en) * | 1981-12-15 | 1985-07-31 | Telemecanique | Current measuring arrangement for a current passing through an electric conductor |
| EP0359886A1 (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1990-03-28 | Olivier Bruni | Device for measuring high currents |
| EP0578948A1 (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-01-19 | Landis & Gyr Technology Innovation AG | Arrangement for measuring power or current components of an impedance |
Cited By (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001023899A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Device for measuring current comprising differential sensors which are sensitive to magnetic fields and which are comprised of at least two hall sensors |
| DE19946935B4 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2004-02-05 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Device for inductive current measurement with at least one differential sensor |
| EP1107327A3 (en) * | 1999-12-09 | 2004-12-29 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor current detector of improved noise immunity |
| EP1111693A3 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2004-10-13 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Large current detector having a hall-effect device |
| EP1139104A3 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2003-11-19 | DaimlerChrysler AG | Electrical conductor multilayer arrangement with integrated current detection |
| DE10032826A1 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-31 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensor has weakly magnetic arrangement with opposing sections between which sensor is arranged for focusing and feeding magnetic field to sensor |
| DE10049071A1 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2002-04-25 | Micronas Gmbh | Circuit protection device, especially in vehicles, has terminals protruding out of housing formed in one piece with conducting section inside housing forming preferred breakage point |
| DE10049071B4 (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2004-12-16 | Micronas Gmbh | Safety device for a circuit, in particular in motor vehicles |
| DE20017512U1 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2001-02-08 | Honeywell Ag, 63067 Offenbach | Device for measuring current on printed circuit boards |
| US6940265B2 (en) | 2001-01-09 | 2005-09-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device, ammeter and motor vehicle |
| WO2002056032A3 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-12-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device, ammeter and motor vehicle |
| DE10100597A1 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device, ammeter and motor vehicle |
| WO2002066996A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device, amperemeter and motor vehicle |
| DE10107812A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-09-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device, ammeter and motor vehicle |
| DE10107811A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-09-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device, ammeter and motor vehicle |
| WO2002066997A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device, amperemeter and motor vehicle |
| DE10107812B4 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2014-10-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for measuring the electric current |
| EP1267173A3 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2005-03-23 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Hall-effect current detector |
| EP1273921A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-08 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Hall-effect current detector |
| DE10159005A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for measuring the strength of a magnetic field has first and second sensor devices linked to an evaluating circuit in a combined casing |
| DE10243645B4 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2014-10-30 | Ssg Semiconductor Systems Gmbh | measuring device |
| DE102004050019A1 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-06-01 | Ssg Semiconductor Systems Gmbh | Current measurement device, has aperture placed in conductor and completely/partly filled with ferromagnetic material, and magnetic field sensitive sensors placed in areas of material, which are not enveloped by current conducting material |
| DE102004050019B4 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2014-12-24 | Ssg Semiconductor Systems Gmbh | Galvanically isolated current measurement |
| EP1772737A3 (en) * | 2005-10-08 | 2008-02-20 | Melexis Technologies SA | Assembly group for the current measurement |
| DE202006013311U1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-01-03 | Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connection unit of a bus system |
| DE102008061006A1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Esw Gmbh | Method and device for measuring electric current |
| US9222992B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2015-12-29 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US9733279B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2017-08-15 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US8717016B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2014-05-06 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensors and methods |
| US9865802B2 (en) | 2010-02-24 | 2018-01-09 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensors and methods |
| EP2562550A4 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2017-05-31 | Canon Denshi Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for detecting magnetic field generated by a current to estimate the amount of current |
| US8760149B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2014-06-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US9983238B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2018-05-29 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors having enhanced current density regions |
| US8680843B2 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2014-03-25 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US8283742B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2012-10-09 | Infineon Technologies, A.G. | Thin-wafer current sensors |
| US9029966B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2015-05-12 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Thin-wafer current sensors |
| US8679895B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2014-03-25 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Method of making thin-wafer current sensors |
| US9476915B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2016-10-25 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Magnetic field current sensors |
| US8975889B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2015-03-10 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current difference sensors, systems and methods |
| US9678172B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current difference sensors, systems and methods |
| US10488445B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2019-11-26 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current difference sensors, systems and methods |
| US9395423B2 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2016-07-19 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensors, systems and methods for sensing current in a conductor |
| US8963536B2 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2015-02-24 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Current sensors, systems and methods for sensing current in a conductor |
| US9651581B2 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2017-05-16 | Infineon Technologies Ag | High current sensors |
| US20130076341A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-03-28 | Udo Ausserlechner | High current sensors |
| DE102012109224B4 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2023-07-13 | Infineon Technologies Ag | high current sensors |
| DE102023205141A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2024-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | current detection arrangement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002516396A (en) | 2002-06-04 |
| WO1999060416A1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
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| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
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