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DE19820198B4 - Device for welding large-area plastic injection molded components - Google Patents

Device for welding large-area plastic injection molded components Download PDF

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Publication number
DE19820198B4
DE19820198B4 DE1998120198 DE19820198A DE19820198B4 DE 19820198 B4 DE19820198 B4 DE 19820198B4 DE 1998120198 DE1998120198 DE 1998120198 DE 19820198 A DE19820198 A DE 19820198A DE 19820198 B4 DE19820198 B4 DE 19820198B4
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heating elements
heating
injection molded
welding
molded components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE1998120198
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German (de)
Other versions
DE19820198A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dungs
Gerhard Eder
Dieter Hoppe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung der Emerson Technologies GmbH and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung der Emerson Technologies GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung der Emerson Technologies GmbH and Co OHG filed Critical Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung der Emerson Technologies GmbH and Co OHG
Priority to DE1998120198 priority Critical patent/DE19820198B4/en
Publication of DE19820198A1 publication Critical patent/DE19820198A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE19820198B4 publication Critical patent/DE19820198B4/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2023—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror said welding mirror comprising several sectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B29C66/73774—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81265—Surface properties, e.g. surface roughness or rugosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81469—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed next to the other in a single line transverse to the feed direction, e.g. shoulder to shoulder sonotrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7172—Fuel tanks, jerry cans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier großflächiger Spritzgußbauteile (4,5) aus Kunststoff an je einer länglichen Fügefläche (1,6) mit einer Vielzahl von Heizelementen (2), die zwischen einer ersten Position, in der der Kunststoff an den Fügeflächen (1,6) bis zurPlastifizierung erwärmt wird, und einer zweiten Position, in der die Spritzgußbauteile (4,5) zum Verschweißen zusammenbringbar sind, verstellbar sind und mindestens zwei Heizflächenaufiveisen, die jeweils klein gegen die entsprechende, gesamte Fügefläche (1,6) des zugehörigen Spritzgußteiles sind, so daß sich für jedes Heizelement (2) ein entsprechend kurzer Verstellweg zwischen den beiden Positionen ergibt.Device for welding at least two large-area injection-molded components (4,5) made of plastic on each elongated joining surface (1,6) with a plurality of heating elements (2), which are between a first position in which the plastic on the joining surfaces (1,6 ) is heated up to plasticization, and a second position in which the injection-molded components (4, 5) can be brought together for welding, are adjustable, and at least two heating surface rests, each of which is small against the corresponding total joining surface (1, 6) of the associated injection-molded part , so that there is a correspondingly short adjustment path between the two positions for each heating element (2).

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier großflächiger Spritzgußbauteile aus Kunststoff, die Heizelemente zum Plastifizieren des Kunststoffes an den Fügeflächen verwendet.The invention relates to a device for welding at least two large-area injection molded components made of plastic, the heating elements for plasticizing the plastic used on the joining surfaces.

Spritzgußbauteile aus Kunststoff können durch Erwärmen des Kunststoffes bis zur Plastifizierung miteinander verschweißt werden. Die Erwärmung kann entweder durch Reibung der Bauteile untereinander erfolgen, wie das z.B. beim Ultraschallschweißen geschieht, oder durch Erwärmung des Kunststoffes durch ein aufgeheiztes Heizelement. Bei letzterem – als Spiegelschweißen bezeichneten – Verfahren wird der Kunststoff an den Fügeflächen durch ein von der Seite her zwischen die Werkstücke eingeschobenes beheiztes Heizelement erwärmt, bis der Kunststoff plastifiziert ist. Nach dem Herausziehen des Heizelements werden die Werkstücke zusammengebracht und an ihren erhitzten Fügeflächen miteinander verschweißt. Eine entsprechende Schweißvorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus DE 39 19 800 C2 bekannt. Die DE 196 27 742 A1 beschreibt einen durch Spiegelschweißen hergestellten Kraftstoffbehälter.Injection molded components made of plastic can be welded together by heating the plastic until it is plasticized. The heating can take place either by friction between the components, as is the case, for example, with ultrasonic welding, or by heating the plastic by means of a heated heating element. In the latter - referred to as mirror welding - the plastic is heated on the joining surfaces by a heated heating element inserted from the side between the workpieces until the plastic is plasticized. After the heating element has been pulled out, the workpieces are brought together and welded to one another at their heated joining surfaces. A corresponding welding device is, for example, from DE 39 19 800 C2 known. The DE 196 27 742 A1 describes a fuel tank manufactured by mirror welding.

Sollen großflächige Werkstücke auf diese Weise verbunden werden, ist ein entsprechend großes Heizelement erforderlich. Dadurch wächst die Umstellzeit, die erforderlich ist, um die zu fügenden Werkstücke vom Heizelement abzuheben, den Schweißspiegel in die Ausgangslage zu fahren und die Werkstücke zum Fügen zusammenzubringen. Bei schnell abkühlenden oder oxidierenden Kunststoffen ist jedoch nur eine begrenzte Umstellzeit zulässig, da sonst ein vorzeitiges Erstarren oder Oxidieren des plastifizierten Kunststoffes auftreten könnte. Großflächige Werkstücke aus diesen Werkstoffen können somit bislang nicht durch Spiegelschweißen gefügt werden.Should large workpieces to be connected in this way is a correspondingly large heating element required. This grows the changeover time required to move the workpieces to be joined Lift off the heating element, the welding mirror to the starting position to drive and the workpieces for joining match. For rapidly cooling or oxidizing plastics however, only a limited changeover time is permissible, otherwise an early one Solidify or oxidize the plasticized plastic could. Large workpieces these materials thus have not yet been joined by mirror welding.

Aus der DE 37 44 584 A1 ist ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Faltenbälgen bekannt, bei denen zur gleichzeitigen Verschweißung einer Vielzahl von Außenfalten mit dazwischen befindlichen Stützrahmen die Schweißbacken einer Vielzahl von Schweißbackenpaaren gleichzeitig einander in Längsrichtung des Faltenbalges genährt und gemeinsam aufeinander gepresst werden. Dieses Schweißprinzip ist auf die Herstellung von Faltenbälgen beschränkt und lässt sich zum Spiegelschweißen großflächiger Werkstücke nicht verwenden.From the DE 37 44 584 A1 A method and a device for the production of bellows are known in which, for the simultaneous welding of a plurality of outer folds with support frames located between them, the welding jaws of a plurality of pairs of welding jaws are simultaneously fed to one another in the longitudinal direction of the bellows and pressed together. This welding principle is limited to the manufacture of bellows and cannot be used for mirror welding large workpieces.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen großflächiger Spritzgußbauteile aus Kunststoff zu schaffen, die trotz der großen Abmessungen der Spritzgußteile eine kurze Umstellzeit ermöglicht.The invention has for its object a Welding device large-scale injection molded components to create plastic, which despite the large dimensions of the injection molded parts enables a short changeover time.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Hauptanspruchs gelöst.This task is due to the characteristics of the main claim solved.

Die Verwendung einer Vielzahl von Heizelementen, die klein gegen die Fügefläche sind, ermöglicht es, einen kurzen Verstellweg für jedes einzelne Heizelement zu erreichen. Die Umstellzeit ist verglichen mit herkömmlichen Verfahren entsprechend stark verkürzt. Alle Heizelemente erwärmen in einer ersten Position den Kunststoff an der Fügefläche bis zur Plastifizierung, werden danach in eine Ausgangslage zurückgefahren, worauf die Werkstücke zum Fügen zusammengebracht werden können.The use of a variety of Heating elements that are small against the joint surface enables a short adjustment range for to reach every single heating element. The changeover time is compared with conventional Procedure shortened accordingly. All heating elements heat up in a first position the plastic on the joining surface up to the plastification, are then returned to a starting position, whereupon the workpieces for Joined together can be.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous embodiments of the Invention are in the subclaims characterized.

Die Form von Heizelementen an die Kontur von Fügeflächen anzupassen (Anspruch 6), ist aus der DE 39 14 826 C1 bekannt.The shape of heating elements to adapt to the contour of the joining surfaces (claim 6) is from DE 39 14 826 C1 known.

Das elektrische Beheizen von Heizelementen (Anspruch 7) ist beispielsweise aus der DE 23 01 997 A bekannt.The electrical heating of heating elements (claim 7) is for example from the DE 23 01 997 A known.

Heizelemente durch ein Wärmeträgermedium zu beheizen (Anspruch 8) und Heizflächen mit einer Antiadhäsivbeschichtung zu versehen (Anspruch 14), ist aus der DE 196 08 155 A1 bekannt.Heating elements by a heat transfer medium (claim 8) and heating surfaces with an anti-adhesive coating (claim 14) is from the DE 196 08 155 A1 known.

Die Verwendung von Aluminium für einen elektrisch erwärmbaren Heizspiegel zum Schweißen von Werkstücken aus thermoplastischem Material ist aus der DE 22 06 189 A bekannt.The use of aluminum for an electrically heatable heating mirror for welding workpieces made of thermoplastic material is from the DE 22 06 189 A known.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Die Zeichnung zeigt:The invention is hereinafter in embodiments described using the drawing. The drawing shows:

1 eine Schnittdarstellung durch ein Bauteil eines Behälters mit schematisch dargestellten Heizelementen, 1 2 shows a sectional view through a component of a container with schematically illustrated heating elements,

2 eine Schnittdarstellung durch das Bauteil des Behälters mit den Heizelementen senkrecht zur Schnittdarstellung der 1 und 2 a sectional view through the component of the container with the heating elements perpendicular to the sectional view of the 1 and

3 einen Schnitt durch die Fügeebene der beiden Bauteile des Behälters mit einem Heizelement. 3 a section through the joining plane of the two components of the container with a heating element.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dient dazu, zwei Spritzgußbauteile an ihren Fügeflächen zu verschweißen. In 3 sind zwei solche Bauteile 4, 5 im Schnitt durch die Fügeebene dargestellt. Sie sollen an ihren Fügeflächen 1, 6 ver schweißt werden. Dazu werden die Fügeflächen 1, 6 mittels vieler Heizelemente 2 bis zum Plastifizieren des Kunststoffes erwärmt. Zum Aufheizen des Kunststoffes an den Fügeflächen 1, 6 befindet sich jedes Heizelement 2 in einer ersten Position zwischen und in Kontakt mit den Fügeflächen 1, 6. Die Plastifizierung des Kunststoffes an den Fügeflächen 1, 6 erfolgt dann durch Wärmetransfer von den Heizelementen 2, die elektrisch oder durch ein Wärmeträgermedium beheizt sein können. Ist der Kunststoff an den Fügeflächen 1, 6 bis zur Plastifizierung erwärmt, werden die Spritzgußbauteile 4, 5 von den Heizflächen der Heizelemente 2 abgehoben und diese von ihren Stellgliedern 3, die elektrisch oder pneumatisch betrieben sein können, in eine zweite Position gefahren. In dieser Position sind die Spritzgußbauteile 4, 5 zum Verschweißen zusammenbringbar.The device according to the invention serves to weld two injection molded components on their joining surfaces. In 3 are two such components 4 . 5 shown in section through the joining plane. They should be on their joining surfaces 1 . 6 be welded. For this, the joining surfaces 1 . 6 by means of many heating elements 2 heated until the plastic is plasticized. For heating the plastic on the joining surfaces 1 . 6 there is every heating element 2 in a first position between and in contact with the joining surfaces 1 . 6 , The plasticization of the plastic on the joining surfaces 1 . 6 is then done by heat transfer from the heating elements 2 which can be heated electrically or by a heat transfer medium. Is the plastic on the joining surfaces 1 . 6 The injection molded components are heated to plasticization 4 . 5 from the heating surfaces of the heating elements 2 lifted off and this from their actuators 3 , which can be operated electrically or pneumatically, moved into a second position. The injection molded components are in this position 4 . 5 can be brought together for welding.

In 1 ist die Fügefläche 1 des Spritzgußbauteils 4 zusammen mit der Vielzahl von Heizelementen 2 dargestellt. Die Heizelemente sind umlaufend außerhalb der Fügefläche 1 mit ihren entsprechenden zugehörigen Stellgliedern 3 schematisch dargestellt. Die Heizfläche eines Heizelementes 2 ist dabei klein gegen die Fügefläche 1. Die dargestellte Position der Heizelemente 2 in der 1 entspricht der zweiten Position, in der die Spritzgußbauteile zum Schweißen zusammenbringbar sind. Zum Erwärmen des Kunststoffes der Fügefläche 1 wird jedes Heizelement 2 von seinem zugehörigen Stellglied 3 über die Fügefläche 1 gefahren und in Kontakt mit dieser gebracht. Letzteres kann durch eine entsprechende Bewegung der Heizelemente 2 oder durch eine entsprechende Bewegung des Spritzgußbauteils 4 erfolgen. Ebenso wird die Fügefläche 6 des Spritzgußbauteils 5 in Kontakt mit den Heizelementen 2 gebracht.In 1 is the joint surface 1 of the injection molded component 4 along with the variety of heating elements 2 shown. The heating elements are circumferential outside the joint area 1 with their corresponding associated actuators 3 shown schematically. The heating surface of a heating element 2 is small against the joint surface 1 , The position of the heating elements shown 2 in the 1 corresponds to the second position in which the injection molded components can be brought together for welding. For heating the plastic of the joint surface 1 every heating element 2 from its associated actuator 3 over the joint surface 1 driven and brought into contact with it. The latter can be done by moving the heating elements accordingly 2 or by a corresponding movement of the injection molded component 4 respectively. Likewise, the joining surface 6 of the injection molded component 5 in contact with the heating elements 2 brought.

In dieser Position sind die Heizelemente sind so angeordnet, daß im aufgeheizten Zustand zwischen ihnen nur ein minimaler, vernachlässigbarer Luftspalt vorliegt, wenn sie in dieser ersten Position in Kontakt mit den Fügeflächen 1 sind. In Bereich des minimalen Luftspaltes erfolgt Wärmetransfer durch Wärmeleitung im Kunststoff der Fügeflächen 1, 6, und durch Strahlungs- sowie Konvektionswärmeübergang von den Heizelementen 2.In this position, the heating elements are arranged in such a way that in the heated state there is only a minimal, negligible air gap between them when they are in contact with the joining surfaces in this first position 1 are. In the area of the minimum air gap, heat transfer takes place through heat conduction in the plastic of the joining surfaces 1 . 6 , and by radiation and convection heat transfer from the heating elements 2 ,

Wie in 2 zu sehen ist, können die Heizelemente 2 an die Kontur der Fügefläche 1 bzw. 6 angepaßt sein. Somit muß die Fügefläche nicht in einer Ebene verlaufen, wobei die Einschränkungen des Ultraschallschweißens hinsichtlich eines begrenzten Fügewinkels nicht bestehen.As in 2 can be seen, the heating elements 2 to the contour of the joint surface 1 respectively. 6 be adjusted. The joining surface therefore does not have to run in one plane, and the restrictions of ultrasonic welding with regard to a limited joining angle do not exist.

In 3 ist ein Schnitt durch die Fügeebene im Detail dargestellt. Ein Heizelement 2 befindet sich in der Darstellung der 3 in einer Stellung zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Position. Jedes Heizelement 2 besteht aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung und ist an seinen Heizflächen mit einer Antiadhäsivbeschichtung 12 versehen. Eine solche Antiadhäsivbeschichtung 12 kann beispielsweise aus Teflon sein, das für Temperaturen bis 240°C tauglich ist. Es sind aber auch andere Antiadhäsivbeschichtungen 12 für niedrigere oder höhere Temperaturen denkbar. Für sehr hohe Temperaturen der Heizelemente, beispielsweise 300°C, können die Heizflächen der Heizelemente 2 poliert sein. Durch diese Maßnahmen wird verhindert, daß plastifizierter Kunststoff an den Heizelementen 2 festklebt.In 3 a section through the joint plane is shown in detail. A heating element 2 is in the representation of the 3 in a position between the first and the second position. Every heating element 2 consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and has an anti-adhesive coating on its heating surfaces 12 Mistake. Such an anti-adhesive coating 12 can be made of Teflon, for example, which is suitable for temperatures up to 240 ° C. But there are also other anti-adhesive coatings 12 conceivable for lower or higher temperatures. For very high temperatures of the heating elements, for example 300 ° C, the heating surfaces of the heating elements can 2 be polished. These measures prevent plasticized plastic on the heating elements 2 sticks.

Die Ausbildung der Fügeflächen 1 bzw. 6 weist Nuten 10, 8 bzw. 9, 7 auf, die zur Aufnahme plastifizierten Materials Raum geben. Durch die Lippe 11 am Spritzgußbauteil 4 sowie die Nuten, 7, 8, 9, 10 ist sichergestellt, daß nach dem Verschweißen eventuell verformter plastifizierter Kunststoff nicht an der Innen- oder Außenwand der verbundenen Spritzgußbauteile 4, 5 austritt. Dadurch ist ein sauberer Abschluß sichergestellt.The formation of the joining surfaces 1 respectively. 6 has grooves 10 . 8th respectively. 9 . 7 that give space for plasticized material. Through the lip 11 on the injection molded component 4 as well as the grooves, 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 It is ensured that after the welding of any deformed plasticized plastic is not on the inner or outer wall of the connected injection molded components 4 . 5 exit. This ensures a clean finish.

Nach dem Plastifizieren des Kunststoffes an den Fügeflächen 1 und 6 werden die Spritzgußbauteile 3, 5 auseinander bewegt und die Heizelemente 2 in die zweite Position gebracht. Diese Bewegung der Spritzgußbauteile 4, 5 und der Heizelemente 2 kann zum einen dadurch geschehen, daß das Spritzgußbauteil 4 von den auf dem Spritzgußbauteil 5 befindlichen Heizelementen 2 abgehoben wird und danach die Heizelemente 2 in Richtung des Spritzgußbauteils 4 und dann aus dem Spalt zwischen den Fügeflächen 1 und 6 herausbewegt werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Spritzgußbauteile 4 und 5 beide auseinander zu bewegen und die Heizelemente 2 aus dem so entstandenen Spalt zwischen den Fügeflächen 1 und 6 zu ziehen.After plasticizing the plastic on the joining surfaces 1 and 6 are the injection molded components 3 . 5 moved apart and the heating elements 2 brought into the second position. This movement of the injection molded components 4 . 5 and the heating elements 2 can happen on the one hand that the injection molded component 4 of those on the injection molded component 5 located heating elements 2 is lifted off and then the heating elements 2 in the direction of the injection molded component 4 and then from the gap between the joining surfaces 1 and 6 be moved out. But it is also possible to use the injection molded components 4 and 5 to move both apart and the heating elements 2 from the resulting gap between the joining surfaces 1 and 6 to draw.

Sind die Heizelemente 2 in der zweiten Position angekommen, werden die Spritzgußbauteile 4 und 5 aufeinanderzu bewegt, bis ihre Fügeflächen 1, 6 in Kontakt sind. Nach Erstarren des plastifizierten Kunststoffes sind die Spritzgußbauteile 4 und 5 verschweißt. Die Umstellzeit ist aufgrund des kurzen Verstellweges des Heizelements 2, der nicht viel länger sein muß als der Abstand zwischen innerer Kante der Fügeflächen 1, 6 und äußerer Kante der Fügeflächen 1, 6, sehr kurz. Der Verstellweg jedes Heizelementes beträgt vorzugsweise weniger als 5 cm, und die Umstellzeit ist vorzugsweise kürzer als 3 sec.Are the heating elements 2 Arrived in the second position, the injection molded parts 4 and 5 moved towards each other until their joining surfaces 1 . 6 are in contact. After the plasticized plastic has solidified, the injection molded components are 4 and 5 welded. The changeover time is due to the short adjustment path of the heating element 2 which does not have to be much longer than the distance between the inner edge of the joining surfaces 1 . 6 and outer edge of the joining surfaces 1 . 6 , very short. The displacement of each heating element is preferably less than 5 cm, and the changeover time is preferably shorter than 3 seconds.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht somit das Fügen großflächiger Spritzgußbauteile aus Werkstoffen, die schnell oxidieren oder abkühlen, wie z.B. teilkristalline Kunststoffe. Solche Werkstoffe können zur Herstellung von Behältern, wie z.B. Kraftstofftanks, verwendet werden, da sie vorteilhafte Diffusionseigenschaften aufweisen. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht der Einsatz einer Vielzahl kleiner Heizelemente einen modularen Aufbau. Während bisher ein schadhafter Schweißspiegel zur Gänze ausgewechselt werden mußte, ist nun nur die Auswechslung eines oder weniger Heizelemente erforderlich. Darüber hinaus kann eine Umstellung der Vorrichtung auf anders geformte Spritzgußbauteile schnell und leicht erfolgen. Schließlich bringt der Einsatz einer Vielzahl kleiner Heizelemente auch energetische Vorteile, da die Heizflächen der Heizelemente 2 so gestaltet werden können, daß Überstandsflächen, an denen ein Heizelement 2 nicht an der Fügefläche 1, 6 anliegt, minimiert sind.The device according to the invention thus enables the joining of large-area injection-molded components made of materials that rapidly oxidize or cool, such as partially crystalline plastics. Such materials can be used for the production of containers, such as fuel tanks, because they have advantageous diffusion properties. In addition, the use of a large number of small heating elements enables a modular structure. While previously a defective welding mirror had to be replaced entirely, now only one or fewer heating elements are required. In addition, the device can be quickly and easily converted to differently shaped injection molded components. Finally, the use of a large number of small heating elements also brings energy advantages, since the heating surfaces of the heating elements 2 can be designed so that protruding surfaces on which a heating element 2 not on the joint surface 1 . 6 is minimized.

Claims (15)

Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen mindestens zweier großflächiger Spritzgußbauteile (4,5) aus Kunststoff an je einer länglichen Fügefläche (1,6) mit einer Vielzahl von Heizelementen (2), die zwischen einer ersten Position, in der der Kunststoff an den Fügeflächen (1,6) bis zur Plastifizierung erwärmt wird, und einer zweiten Position, in der die Spritzgußbauteile (4,5) zum Verschweißen zusammenbringbar sind, verstellbar sind und mindestens zwei Heizflächen aufiveisen, die jeweils klein gegen die entsprechende, gesamte Fügefläche (1,6) des zugehörigen Spritzgußteiles sind, so daß sich für jedes Heizelement (2) ein entsprechend kurzer Verstellweg zwischen den beiden Positionen ergibt.Device for welding at least two large-area injection molded components ( 4 . 5 ) out Plastic on each elongated joint surface ( 1 . 6 ) with a variety of heating elements ( 2 ) between a first position in which the plastic is on the joining surfaces ( 1 . 6 ) is heated until it is plasticized, and a second position in which the injection molded components ( 4 . 5 ) can be brought together for welding, are adjustable and have at least two heating surfaces, each small against the corresponding, total joining surface ( 1 . 6 ) of the associated injection molded part, so that for each heating element ( 2 ) results in a correspondingly short adjustment path between the two positions. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizelemente (2) so angeordnet sind, daß in der ersten Position im aufgeheizten Zustand zwischen den einzelnen Heizelementen (2) nur ein minimaler Luftspalt besteht.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating elements ( 2 ) are arranged so that in the first position in the heated state between the individual heating elements ( 2 ) there is only a minimal air gap. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Verschweißen umlaufender Fügeflächen (1,6) die Heizlemente (2) in der zweiten Position rings um die Fügeflächen (1,6) angeordnet sind.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for welding circumferential joining surfaces ( 1 . 6 ) the heating elements ( 2 ) in the second position around the joint surfaces ( 1 . 6 ) are arranged. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstellweg jedes Heizelementes (2) unter 5 cm beträgt.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjustment path of each heating element ( 2 ) is less than 5 cm. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei nicht in einer Ebene liegenden Fügeflächen (1,6) einzelne Heizelemente (2) in verschiedenen Ebenen liegen.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of joining surfaces which are not in one plane ( 1 . 6 ) individual heating elements ( 2 ) are on different levels. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Form der Heizelemente (2) an die Kontur der Fügeflächen (1,6) angepaßt ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the heating elements ( 2 ) to the contour of the joining surfaces ( 1 . 6 ) is adjusted. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizelemente (2) elektrisch beheizt sind. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heating elements ( 2 ) are electrically heated. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizelemente (2) durch ein Wärmeträgermedium beheizt sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heating elements ( 2 ) are heated by a heat transfer medium. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Heizelemente (2) und Spritzgußbauteile (4,5) relativ zueinander senkrecht zur Fügefläche (1,6) bewegbar sind, so daß nach dem Plastifizieren des Kunststoffes durch die Heizelemente (2) in der ersten Position ein Spalt zwischen Heizelementen (2) und den Fügeflächen (1,6) der Spritzgußbauteile einstellbar ist, bevor die Heizelemente (2) in die zweite Position verstellt werden.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that heating elements ( 2 ) and injection molded components ( 4 . 5 ) relative to each other perpendicular to the joint surface ( 1 . 6 ) are movable so that after the plasticizing of the plastic by the heating elements ( 2 ) in the first position a gap between heating elements ( 2 ) and the joining surfaces ( 1 . 6 ) the injection molded components are adjustable before the heating elements ( 2 ) can be moved to the second position. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umstellzeit zwischen erster und zweiter Position 3s nicht überschreitet.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the changeover time between the first and second position 3s does not exceed. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zur Herstellung eines Behälters ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that she for the production of a container is trained. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter ein Kraftstofftank aus einem teilkristallinen Werkstoff ist.Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the container Fuel tank is made of a semi-crystalline material. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizelemente (2) Aluminium oder eine Aluminiumlegierung aufweisen.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating elements ( 2 ) Have aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Vorrichtung einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizflächen mit einer Antiadhäsivbeschichtung (12) versehen sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the heating surfaces are coated with an anti-adhesive coating ( 12 ) are provided. Vorrichtung einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizflächen poliert sind.Device according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the heating surfaces are polished.
DE1998120198 1998-05-06 1998-05-06 Device for welding large-area plastic injection molded components Expired - Fee Related DE19820198B4 (en)

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