DE19757803A1 - Flat tube type heat exchanger used as radiator in motor vehicle engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Sealing rings (2) separating the oil and coolant from one another are each surrounded by a groove (11) sealed from the respective oil or coolant flow channel. The groove communicates with the air around the heat exchanger via a flow channel (17). Oil and coolant flow through parallel flat channels (5, 9) interconnected with each other by openings (8) in the top and bottom of the channels. The oil and coolant are kept separate from each other by sealing rings.

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger with several parallel to each other and adjoining fla Chen chambers, of which neighboring one of each the media involved in heat transfer have flowed through, who are each directed into the chambers via inflow openings those who are connected to each other, to those of the other chambers through which the medium flows, but through annular Sealing spigots are closed.

Such heat exchangers are e.g. B. in the form of so-called Flat tube engine oil coolers known, where flat tubes, whose open end faces are closed by inserts, stacked parallel to each other and by inlaid Keep intermediate rings at a distance that are tight around the flow opening are arranged around in the side walls of the flat tubes. Heat exchangers of the type mentioned are also in the form of so-called stacked disc coolers known from stacked bowl-shaped discs built up are, each forming chambers, every second of one of the heat exchange media flows through and through one inserted sealing ring or by appropriate features in the disc material compared to the second heat exchange medium is sealed. With both types of heat exchangers  the problem occurs that leaky solder joints on the Ab sealing spigot or other leaks, for example can occur due to corrosion or the like ren that the two participated in the heat transfer Mix media with each other. This is in the case of an engine oil cooler extremely harmful, because then the cooler through flowing coolant mixes with the engine oil and then closes can lead to catastrophic influences in the engine.

It has therefore already been proposed to (DE 44 03 144 C2) Avoiding such mixing the chambers from each To form flat tubes and in the space between two such flat tubes to bring partitions so that ever because between the top of the first flat tubes and the Bottom of the second flat tubes and the top of the second flat tubes and the underside of the first flat tubes a separation is provided so that the leak each emerging medium in this space and from then can flow out there, mixing in does not occur in the individual chambers. So on built heat exchangers are relatively expensive in their Design, because it must be about the individual, each of the Flat tubes formed chambers set additional chambers be that increase the construction effort.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to train a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset that part of the mixing in the heat transfer absorbing media when leaks occur is avoided, but without the construction effort being too great.

To solve this problem, the invention for one Heat exchanger of the type mentioned proposed, each to have the sealing sleeve encased in a room that is closed the rest of the chamber is sealed and an off river channel with the environment outside the chambers in Verbin manure stands. This measure is around each sealing nozzle  a kind of security room that is related moderately easy to implement and guarantees that medium escaping through leaks is not in a Chamber in which the other heat exchange medium flows, but is discharged to the outside. This measure brings about also that a leakage of the heat exchanger from the outside is visible, so that appropriate repair measures can be tet without fear of major damage are.

The idea according to the invention can now be used for heat transfer carrier with flat tubes as chambers and with the flat tubes un connecting and keeping distance wrestle in a very simple way by realizing that the spacer rings each with the assigned flat tube bordering ring grooves are provided by a parallel bore running to the ring axis as outflow channel with corres bonding holes of the other spacer rings are.

In a further development of the invention, they can serve as chambers the flat tubes are closed on both sides by folds which are provided mooring strips, the simpler Fold formation should be possible, these contact strips with continuous grooves can be provided over the pipe width NEN and these grooves over a cross hole with the off flow channel provided holes of the spacer rings connected are. This measure is also in the area of ver closed pipe ends excluded that by any Un tightness oil from one of the chambers into the neighboring, with Coolant-filled chamber, overflows.

Finally, in a further development of the invention space of the flat tubes between the fold and the contact strip over a Boh penetrating a side wall of the flat tube tion with a connection running in the direction of the pipe axis connection groove, which in turn are in the ring groove  of the adjacent spacer ring. In this way there may also be leaks on the outside of the batten be monitored.

The invention can also be used in heat exchangers real, in which the chambers between one another pelt and stacked discs tightly connected at their edges formed and against each other by in on this The resulting chambers are inserted or from the Seal material pushed out connection material sealed tet, each in every other chamber in each other Connect. With such heat exchangers can in simple the connection piece from one to the edge the dividing wall running through the panes to form the so-called called security room to be surrounded, in which between Connection piece and partition lying area a Boh tion for connection to a hole in the adjacent disc is provided and all the bores with each other the outflow form channel. In further development of this idea, the Partition be pressed out of the disc material, and it can be arranged for connection to those in the security room Neten holes provided holes in neighboring Schei ben each be arranged in a projection that is extends as far into the chamber as the verb sockets and the partition. Each of these projections can thereby in a simple manner from the disc material be depressed.

The invention is based on two exemplary embodiments in the drawings and is explained below. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, partly cut open,

Fig. 2 shows the enlarged representation of the ver by a fold closed ends of some of the flat tubes of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 seen the representation of the view of the flat tube end of Fig. 2 in the direction of arrows III,

Fig. 4 shows the end of a flat tube, which is closed by a plug insertable,

Fig. 5 shows the top view of the flat tube end of Fig. 4 with an inserted plug,

Fig. 6 shows the schematic representation of the structure of a Sta pelscheibenwärmeübertragers according to the invention on the example of two superposed ben to be stacked ticket,

Fig. 7 shows the enlarged representation of the section through the Fig. 6, along the line VII

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the section through Fig. 6 in the direction of line VIII and

Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of several stacked disks of a disc heat exchanger designed according to the invention.

In Fig. 1, a heat exchanger according to the present invention is shown, which consists of several flat tubes 1 - z. B. made of aluminum - is constructed, which are arranged parallel to each other and are kept at a distance from one another by spacer rings 2 . The uppermost flat tube 1 is connected to a mounting plate 3 Mon, which serves to attach the heat exchanger and is provided with the inlet and outlet openings for the supply of one of the media participating in the heat transfer in the direction of arrows 4 . Between two spaced-apart flat tubes 1, a clearance 5 is formed by the inserted between rings 2, the media involved by the second heat transfer is flowed through and which can be provided in known manner with rib-like deposits. 6 The heat exchanger of FIG. 1 can be used for example as an engine oil cooler, the flat tubes 1 flows in the direction of the arrows 4 by the engine oil, while the spaces 5 are traversed by the coolant of the engine.

Figs. 2 and 3 can thereby recognize that each flat tube is closed at its two ends 1 by a fold 7, and is provided at a certain distance in front of the fold 7 in each case with a circular opening 8 for feeding or continuation of the The medium supplied in the direction of arrow 4 , in the present case the motor oil is used. Fig. 2 shows that the coolant-flow gaps 5 between adjacent flat tubes 1 are sealed with respect to the openings 8 by the intermediate ring 2 , which therefore, in addition to its function as a spacer, also serves as a connecting socket for the engine oil supplied in the direction of arrow 4 serves to the individual chambers 9 within the flat tubes 1 . From the engine oil drove out of the chambers 9 is carried out in an analogous manner at the right closed end of the flat tubes 1 , so that the oil can in turn emerge in the sense of the right arrow 4 from the heat exchanger ger.

Fig. 2 shows that each flat tube 1 is provided in the region of its fold 7 with a contact strip 10 , which should help in the formation of the fold 7 to prevent the pipe ends from buckling, in order to ensure that the seal from it The intermediate ring 2 required flat surface in the area of the openings 8 is maintained. Fig. 3 shows - the spacer ring 2 is shown enlarged - that the di punch ring 2 has a circular opening 8 ', the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the openings 8 in the flat tubes.

. However, the Figure 3 also shows that a circumferential annular groove 11 is provided concentrically with the opening 8 'in the spacer ring 2, at the location where it intersects with the longitudinal axis 12 of the associated flat tube 1 - the openings 8 are on the longitudinal axis 12 of the flat tube 1 is placed - is provided with egg ner extending parallel to the axis 13 of the openings 8 bore 14, 11 connects thus extending on both sides of the spacer ring 2 annular grooves 11 'with each other. This bore 14 is also aligned with a drilling tion 15 , which runs parallel to the axis 13 through the longitudinal axis 12 of the flat tube through the contact strip 10 and on the other hand is aligned with holes 16 in the two side walls of the flat tubes 1 . In this way, a through-channel 17 is formed through the bores 15 and 14 and through the openings 16 through the heat exchanger, which also passes through the holding plate 3 and thus opens outside the heat exchanger.

Figs. 2 and 3 also show that in the spacer ring 2 and of the bore 14 extends a groove 19 from one piece along the longitudinal axis 12 of the flat tube, which in turn is, in conjunction with an opening 20 in the outside to ledge 10 extending space 21 of the flat tube 1 leads.

This configuration does the following:
If on the intermediate ring 2 , which is soldered in a known manner to the flat walls of the flat tubes 1 , for some reason a leak occurs which can otherwise lead to the fact that the motor oil in the chambers 9 and through openings 8 gets into the space 5 could, in the embodiment according to the invention, such leakage oil would in any case be collected by the annular groove 11 and passed through the associated bores 15 and 16 into the channel 17 , from where it can escape to the outside. This also applies to any untightness on the contact strips 10 , because leakage oil occurring there gets into the space 21 . This would then be routed back through the connecting groove 19 to the channel 17 and from there to the outside. Such leakage oil escapes to the outside and can be seen as such before major damage occurs through the untight engine oil cooler.

In the same way, this effect also occurs when an untightness against the coolant z. B. against the inter mediate spaces 5 occurs. Then flows through the annular groove 11 cooling medium in the channel 17 and will also be detected outside the cooler. The embodiment of the invention therefore prevents major damage from leaking engine oil can occur cooler, but without it being necessary to go from the relatively simple design of a flat tube cooler.

In Figs. 4 and 5 a variant of a flat tube is ge shows that instead of the end with a rebate 7 verschlos Senen flat tubes 1 of FIG. 1 can be provided to 3 in an otherwise identical design of the heat exchanger. FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the flat tube itself is provided with the moving reference symbols 1, as the flat tubes of FIGS. 1 and 2 shows that the flat tube guide die in this out is closed by a plug 45, which in the sense the arrow 46 is pushed into the open end of the flat tube 1 . The stopper 45 is provided on its later inner side with a bulge 47 approximately in a semicircular shape, which aligns with the openings 8 of the flat tube 1 when the stopper 45 is inserted into the open end side 1 a of the flat tube, where it can then be tightly fastened in a known manner (see, for example, DE 196 05 340 A1).

The plug 45 is in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, however, additionally provided with a groove 48 running across its width, which is provided approximately in its center, that is to say on the axis 12 of the flat tube 1 with a downward bore 49 in the inserted state of Fig. 5, each with an opening 50 in the side walls of the flat tube is aligned. Since the flat tubes 1 of FIGS . 4 and 5 are stacked on top of one another in the same manner as those of FIGS. 1 and 2 by inserting the intermediate rings 2 and assembled to form the heat exchanger, the holes 49 of the plugs 45 can be opened in this way 50 be connected to the channel 19 , which in turn opens into the annular groove 11 and from there via the bore 14 into the channel 17 .

Are assigned to 48 both sides of the stopper 45 so in the embodiment of Fig. 4 and 5 grooves and formed in the Darge presented manner, then, also results in Bauar th of flat tubes that are closed by a plug the advantageous possibility, after the Invention to create a kind of security room through which it detects leaks and can be displayed to the outside.

FIGS. 6 to 9 show a stacked-plate cooler, the newly if the present invention is designed according to the teaching. Fig. 6 shows schematically how the rest in Fig. 7 and 8 shown in cross section schalenför shaped discs are stacked to form the cooler. Fig. 6 shows first that two identi cal shells 25 , z. B. made of aluminum sheet each 180 ° ver are stacked in such a way that between two discs (see Fig. 9) each form flat chambers that can be designed for the flow with the media involved in the heat transfer. From the design is made so that each of the adjacent chambers 26 and 27 ( Fig. 9) are flowed through by different media, which is achieved by the arrangement of corresponding elevations 28 , which are close to the adjacent disc conditions. These elevations 28 are each provided with circular openings 29 . The elevations 28 form in this way connecting piece from one to the other mer because they, as can be seen for example Fig. 9, separate the chambers 26 and 27 from each other.

Each of the openings 29 of the connecting pieces is now aligned with openings 30 of the same size in the bottom of the adjacent shell 25 and in this way inlet and outlet channels for two different media can be formed, each of which flows through every second chamber and through the wall of the shell 25 is separated from the neighboring chamber. For example, in FIG. 9 the openings 29 and 30 are formed by stacking the shells 25 on top of each other in the manner shown schematically in FIG. 6, an inflow channel with the axis 31 z. B. for engine oil, while in the same way aligned to each other connecting pieces with the openings 29 'and the shell walls with the openings 30 ' form a further inflow or outflow channel with the axis 32 . Form in this way the plurality of openings on the axis 31, the inflow channel for the oil, then this can be discharged again along the further axis 33 ( Fig. 6), while the coolant is supplied through the channel along the axis 34 and through the channel with the axis 32 is removed again. The media flowing in adjacent chambers therefore flow in the opposite direction.

As can be seen from Fig. 9, the edges 35 of all shells 25 are pushed close to one another and they therefore form the tight outer wall of the heat exchanger after soldering.

However, FIGS. 7 to 9 also show that the clip is for connecting serving bumps 28 each of a partition wall 36 surrounded, which is pulled up to the respective edge 35. The partition has the same height as the Erhebun conditions 28 , and it therefore includes a space 37 around the elevations 28 around, the meaning of which will come back later. From the bottom of each shell 25 , however, it also extends a protrusion 38 stamped out of the material of the shell 25 , which also protrudes up to the height of the elevations 28 from the bottom of each shell 25 . In these projections 38 each have a bore 39 is now provided, each of which is a mirror image of the central longitudinal axis 40 of each disc 25 relative to another bore 41 so that the bores 41 and 39 in the stacking arrangement of the shells 25 when layering one another - being neighbors Shells are each rotated by 180 ° to each other - aligned with each other and, as shown in FIG. 9, together form an outlet channel along the axes 42 and 43 , which in turn opens into the outside outside of the heat exchanger. This configuration therefore results in the following:

It is initially assumed that a channel for supplying engine oil is formed along the axis 31 . Engine oil therefore flows through the chambers 27 , while when the channel 34 is used to supply the coolant, along the axis 32 of the flow channel formed by openings 29 ', 30 ' this coolant emerges again from the heat exchanger. The coolant then flows through all of the chambers 26 and comes when partition walls 36 projections 28 and the projections 38 are respectively soldered tightly with the adjacent wall of the adjacent tray 25, not in conjunction with engine oil.

But should a leak now occur, for. B. (31 axis) occurring at the feed channel for the Mo toröl in the region of the projections 28 due to a leak to the adjacent shell, then the leakage occurring there would initially be in the Erhe bung 28 surrounding chamber 37 occur. From there it can then enter through the openings 41 , 39 into the outlet channel with the axis 43 and thus reaches the area outside the heat exchanger. There it can be determined so that suitable measures for replacing the oil cooler can be taken without the harmful mixing with the coolant flowing in the chambers 26 having already occurred.

The same applies to the case that a leak occurs along the outlet channel with the axis 32 . The leaking coolant emerging from the chamber 26 then passes into the chamber 37 ', from where it can in turn pass through the openings 41 and 39 into the outflow channel with the axis 42 . In this case too, the leak can be detected and remedied.

Claims (8)

1. Heat exchanger with a plurality of flat chambers ( 9 , 5 or 26 , 27 ) arranged parallel to one another and adjacent to one another, of which neighboring ones are flowed through by one of the media involved in the heat transfer, each via inflow openings ( 8 , 29 , 30 ) are directed into the chambers, which are connected to each other, but are closed to the chambers through which the other medium flows through annular sealing connections ( 2 , 28 ), characterized in that each sealing connection ( 2 , 28 ) from a room ( 11 , 37 ), which is sealed off from the rest of the chamber ( 26 ) or ( 27 ) and is connected to the surroundings outside the chambers via an outflow channel ( 17 , 43 , 42 ). 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 with flat tubes whose inner spaces ( 9 ) form part of the chambers and with the flat tubes interconnecting and spacing spacer rings ( 2 ), characterized in that the distance rings ( 2 ) each with the Associated flat tube ( 1 ) are provided on adjacent annular grooves ( 11 ) as a safety space, the through a parallel to the axis ( 13 ) of the ring bore ( 14 ) as an outflow channel with corresponding Bohrun gene ( 16 ) through the flat tubes ( 1 ) and by others Distance rings is connected. 3. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the pipe ends are closed by inserted plugs ( 45 ) and that the plugs ( 45 ) are provided with continuous grooves ( 48 ) across the pipe width and that these grooves have a transverse bore ( 49 ). and via holes ( 50 ) in the tube walls in a in the spacer rings ( 2 ) provided Ver connection groove ( 19 ) which in turn is connected to the ring grooves ( 11 ). 4. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the flat tubes ( 1 ) are closed on both sides by folds ( 7 ), in front of which contact strips ( 10 ) are provided, and that the space between fold ( 7 ) and contact strip ( 10 ) lying space ( 21 ) of the flat tubes ( 1 ) through a tube wall penetrating bore ( 20 ) with a in the direction of the tube axis ( 12 ) duri fenden connecting groove ( 19 ) is in communication, which opens into the annular groove ( 11 ) of the adjacent spacer ring ( 2 ). 5. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the chambers ( 26 , 27 ) between stacked and at their edges ( 35 ) tightly connected stacking discs ( 25 ) formed and sealed against each other by inserted or pressed out of the disc material rial elevations ( 28 ) are, each bring every other chamber in connection with each other, characterized in that the connecting pieces formed by the elevations ( 28 ) from a partition ( 36 ) extending through to the edge ( 35 ) of the disks ( 25 ) to form the security room ( 37 ) are surrounded and that in the space ( 37 ) between the connecting piece ( 28 ) and the partition ( 36 ) there is a bore ( 41 ) for connection to a bore ( 39 ) in the adjacent disc ( 25 ), all the bores ( 41 , 39 ) form the outflow channel ( 43 ) with one another. 6. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the partition ( 36 ) is expressed from the material of the disc ( 25 ). 7. A heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the bores ( 39 ) provided for connection to the bores ( 41 ) in the security room ( 37 ) are arranged in adjacent disks in a projection ( 38 ) which also extends into the Chamber ( 26 , 27 ) extends in, such as the elevation ( 28 ) and the partition ( 36 ). 8. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the projection ( 38 ) is pressed out of the material of the disks ( 25 ).