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DE19744844A1 - Processing-current cooling system - Google Patents

Processing-current cooling system

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Publication number
DE19744844A1
DE19744844A1 DE1997144844 DE19744844A DE19744844A1 DE 19744844 A1 DE19744844 A1 DE 19744844A1 DE 1997144844 DE1997144844 DE 1997144844 DE 19744844 A DE19744844 A DE 19744844A DE 19744844 A1 DE19744844 A1 DE 19744844A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cooler
coolant
heat exchanger
exchanger system
main heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1997144844
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Juergen Voit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to DE1997144844 priority Critical patent/DE19744844A1/en
Publication of DE19744844A1 publication Critical patent/DE19744844A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04236—Integration of different exchangers in a single core, so-called integrated cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04787—Heat exchange, e.g. main heat exchange line; Subcooler, external reboiler-condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/32—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as direct contact cooling tower to produce a cooled gas stream, e.g. direct contact after cooler [DCAC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The current (4) is cooled by heat-exchange with liquid coolant (101) in a cooler (5). Further cooling takes place in a main indirect exchange system (10a,10b) with currents (12,13) to be heated, coolant (102,105,108,109) being extracted from the cooler, cooled and returned to it. Cooling of the extracted coolant is effected at least partly by indirect heat-exchange in the main system. The processing current (6) can be cleaned (7) downstream of the cooler, the main system having hot and cold sections (10a,10b). Currents (14) emerging from the hot end of the cold section are fed at least partly to the cold end of the hot section. Part at least of the cleaned processing current (8,9) is fed to the hot end of the cold section, while the coolant to be cooled (108) is fed to the hot section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abkühlung ein es Prozeßstroms, bei dem der Prozeßstrom in einem Kühler in Wärmeaustausch mit einem flüssigen Kühlmittel gebracht und in einem Hauptwärmetauschersystem durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit anzuwärmenden Strömen weiter abgekühlt wird und bei dem Kühlmittel aus dem Kühler abgezogen, abgekühlt und wieder in den Kühler eingeführt wird.The invention relates to a method for cooling a process stream in which the Process stream in a cooler in heat exchange with a liquid coolant brought and in a main heat exchanger system by indirect Heat exchange with streams to be heated is cooled further and in which Coolant withdrawn from the cooler, cooled and reintroduced into the cooler becomes.

Derartige Verfahrensschritte sind beispielsweise üblich, um einem Prozeßstrom stromaufwärts einer Reinigungs- oder Trenneinrichtung Wärme zu entziehen. Ein konkretes Beispiel ist die Abkühlung eines verdichteten Einsatzgases in einem Trennprozeß wie etwa Luft in einem Tieftemperaturprozeß zur Gewinnung von Stickstoff und/oder Sauerstoff. Als Kühlmittel wird dabei häufig Wasser eingesetzt. Der Wärmeaustausch in dem Kühler kann in direktem oder in indirektem Kontakt durchgeführt werden.Such method steps are common, for example, around a process stream to withdraw heat upstream of a cleaning or separating device. A A concrete example is the cooling of a compressed feed gas in one Separation process such as air in a low temperature process to obtain Nitrogen and / or oxygen. Water is often used as the coolant. The heat exchange in the cooler can be in direct or indirect contact be performed.

Das Kühlmittel verdampft in der Regel teilweise bei dem direkten Wärmeaustausch mit dem Prozeßgas im Kühler. Der Rest verbleibt flüssig und wird im Kreislauf geführt. Innerhalb dieses Kreislaufs muß dem Kühlmittel Wärme entzogen werden. Dies geschieht üblicherweise in einem Kühlturm im direkten Kontakt mit einem trockenen Gas und/oder mittels einer Kälteanlage. Die bekannten Kühlmethoden haben den Nachteil, daß eine entsprechende Menge trockenen Gases benötigt wird, das dann nicht mehr als Produkt zur Verfügung steht, beziehungsweise daß externe Energie verbraucht wird.The coolant usually evaporates partly during the direct heat exchange with the process gas in the cooler. The rest remains liquid and is circulated. Heat must be extracted from the coolant within this circuit. This usually happens in a cooling tower in direct contact with a dry one Gas and / or by means of a refrigeration system. The known cooling methods have Disadvantage that a corresponding amount of dry gas is required, which then is no longer available as a product, or that external energy is consumed.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, das wirtschaftlich besonders günstig arbeitet. The invention is therefore based on the object of a method of the beginning specified type that works economically particularly cheap.  

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Abkühlung des aus dem Kühler abgezogenen Kühlmittels mindestens zum Teil durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Hauptwärmetauschersystem durchgeführt wird.This object is achieved in that the cooling of the cooler withdrawn coolant at least partly through indirect heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system is carried out.

Durch diese Maßnahme wird mindestens ein Teil des Aufwandes für die Abkühlung des Kühlmittels im ohnehin vorhandenen Hauptwärmetauschersystem durchgeführt. Eventuell notwendige andere Apparate für diesen Zweck (z. B. Kühlturm und/oder Kälteanlage) können entsprechend kleiner und damit kostengünstiger dimensioniert werden oder im Rahmen der Vorkühlung des Prozeßstroms ganz entfallen. Das Kühlmittel kann bei indirekter Durchführung des Wärmeaustauschs im Kühler in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf geführt werden. Der Verbrauch trockenen Gases beziehungsweise externer Energie verringert sich.Through this measure, at least part of the effort for cooling of the coolant in the existing main heat exchanger system. Any other equipment necessary for this purpose (e.g. cooling tower and / or Refrigeration system) can be dimensioned accordingly smaller and therefore more cost-effective are or completely eliminated as part of the pre-cooling of the process stream. The Coolant can occur when the heat exchange in the cooler is carried out indirectly a closed cycle. Dry gas consumption or external energy is reduced.

Es ist günstig, wenn bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Prozeßstrom stromabwärts des Kühlers gereinigt wird und das Hauptwärmetauschersystem einen warmen Abschnitt und einen kalten Abschnitt aufweist, wobei die am warmen Ende des kalten Abschnitts austretenden anzuwärmenden Ströme mindestens zum Teil dem warmen Abschnitt an dessen kaltem Ende zugeführt werden und wobei der gereinigte Prozeßstrom mindestens teilweise dem Hauptwärmetauschersystem am warmen Ende des kalten Abschnitts und das abzukühlende Kühlmittel dem warmen Abschnitt des Hauptwärmetauschersystems zugeleitet werden.It is advantageous if the process stream in the process according to the invention downstream of the cooler and the main heat exchanger system one has warm section and a cold section, the one at the warm end of the cold section emerging currents to be heated at least partially are fed to the warm section at the cold end thereof and the cleaned process stream at least partially the main heat exchanger system on warm end of the cold section and the coolant to be cooled the warm Section of the main heat exchanger system.

Dadurch kann die Reinigung des Prozeßstroms (beispielsweise von im Kühler verdampftem Kühlmittel) auf einer Temperatur durchgeführt werden, die niedriger als die Temperatur des Kühlmittels beim Eintritt in das Hauptwärmetauschersystem ist. Die in den anzuwärmenden Strömen enthaltene Kälte wird optimal genutzt.This can clean the process stream (for example, in the cooler evaporated coolant) can be carried out at a temperature lower than is the temperature of the coolant when entering the main heat exchanger system. The cold contained in the currents to be heated is used optimally.

Vorzugsweise wird der Prozeßstrom stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs im Hauptwärmetauschersystem einer Trenneinrichtung zugeführt und ein oder mehrere Produktströme aus der Trenneinrichtung werden dem Hauptwärmetauschersystem als anzuwärmende Ströme zugeführt: Bei der Trenneinrichtung kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Rektifiziersäule handeln, insbesondere zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung atmosphärischer Luft. Preferably the process stream is downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system fed to a separation device and one or multiple product streams from the separator are the Main heat exchanger system supplied as flows to be heated: At the Separation device can be, for example, a rectification column, especially for the low temperature decomposition of atmospheric air.  

Falls die im Hauptwärmetauschersystem übertragene Kälte allein nicht ausreicht kann das aus dem Kühler abgezogene Kühlmittel stromaufwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs im Hauptwärmetauschersystem durch einen Kühlturm geleitet werden und/oder stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs im Hauptwärmetauschersystem und stromaufwärts seiner Einführung in den Kühler mittels einer Kälteanlage weiter abgekühlt werden.If the cold transmitted in the main heat exchanger system alone is not sufficient the coolant withdrawn from the cooler upstream of the indirect Heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system is conducted through a cooling tower and / or downstream of indirect heat exchange in the Main heat exchanger system and upstream of its introduction into the cooler be cooled further by means of a refrigeration system.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 6 beziehungsweise 7.The invention also relates to a device according to claims 6 or 7.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Das Beispiel bezieht sich auf die Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung.The invention and further details of the invention are described below of an embodiment shown in the drawing. The Example relates to low temperature air separation.

Atmosphärische Luft 1 wird verdichtet (2), und bildet, gegebenenfalls nach Durchlaufen eines Nachkühlers 3, den Prozeßstrom im Sinne der Erfindung. Der Prozeßstrom 4 wird in einen Kühler 5 eingeleitet, der als Direktkontaktkühler ausgebildet ist. Er tritt dort in direkten Wärmeaustausch mit einem Kühlmittel 101, vorzugsweise Wasser. Die abgekühlte und mit verdampftem Kühlmittel beladene Luft 6 wird in einer Reinigungseinrichtung 7 von Wasser und Kohlendioxid befreit. Dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um mindestens zwei umschaltbare Behälter, die mit einem Adsorbens, beispielsweise einem Molekularsieb gefüllt sind.Atmospheric air 1 is compressed (2) and, if necessary after passing through an aftercooler 3 , forms the process stream in the sense of the invention. The process stream 4 is introduced into a cooler 5 which is designed as a direct contact cooler. There it enters into direct heat exchange with a coolant 101 , preferably water. The cooled air 6 loaded with evaporated coolant is freed of water and carbon dioxide in a cleaning device 7 . These are preferably at least two switchable containers which are filled with an adsorbent, for example a molecular sieve.

Das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung weisen ein Hauptwärmetauschersystem auf, das aus einem warmen Abschnitt 10a und einem kalten Abschnitt 10b besteht. Ein erster Teilstrom 9 der gereinigten Luft 8 wird dem kalten Abschnitt 10b zugeführt und dort auf etwa Taupunktstemperatur abgekühlt. Der abgekühlte erste Teilstrom 11 wird zur Trenneinrichtung (Rektifizierkolonne) geleitet, in der die Luft in Sauerstoff und Stickstoff zerlegt wird.The method and the device have a main heat exchanger system, which consists of a warm section 10 a and a cold section 10 b. A first partial flow 9 of the cleaned air 8 is fed to the cold section 10 b and cooled there to approximately dew point temperature. The cooled first partial stream 11 is passed to the separation device (rectification column), in which the air is broken down into oxygen and nitrogen.

Das bei dem direkten Wärmeaustausch im Kühler 5 flüssig verbliebene Kühlmittel wird über Leitung 102 abgezogen. Über Ventil 103 kann ein Teil mittels einer Flüssigkeitsstandregelung (Liquid Indicator and Control) 104 abgelassen werden. (Die Einrichtung für die Nachfüllung des Kühlmittelkreislaufs mit frischem Kühlmittel ist in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.) Die Hauptmenge 105 wird mittels einer Pumpe 106 zum warmen Abschnitt 10a des Hauptwärmetauschersystems geleitet (Leitung 108). Diese Leitung 108 kann gegebenenfalls durch einen Kühlturm 107 führen. Das Kühlmittel wird im Hauptwärmetauschersystem von 310 bis 290 K, beispielsweise etwa 300 K auf 295 bis 275 K, beispielsweise etwa 285 K abgekühlt. Am kalten Ende des warmen Abschnitts 10a austretendes Kühlmittel 109 wird gegebenenfalls mittels einer Kompressionskälteanlage 110 weiter abgekühlt und tritt über Leitung 101 wieder in den oberen Bereich des Kühlers 5 ein.The coolant remaining liquid in the direct heat exchange in the cooler 5 is drawn off via line 102 . A part can be drained via valve 103 by means of a liquid level control (Liquid Indicator and Control) 104 . (The device for refilling the coolant circuit with fresh coolant is not shown in the drawing.) The main amount 105 is conducted by means of a pump 106 to the warm section 10 a of the main heat exchanger system (line 108 ). This line 108 can optionally lead through a cooling tower 107 . The coolant is cooled in the main heat exchanger system from 310 to 290 K, for example about 300 K to 295 to 275 K, for example about 285 K. Coolant 109 escaping at the cold end of the warm section 10 a is optionally further cooled by means of a compression refrigeration system 110 and re-enters the upper region of the cooler 5 via line 101 .

Die im Hauptwärmetauschersystem 10b, 10a anzuwärmenden Ströme werden durch Produkte der Rektifiziereinrichtung gebildet. Gasförmiger Sauerstoff 12 durchströmt das gesamte Hauptwärmetauschersystem und wird am warmen Ende des warmen Abschnitts als Produkt (GOX) abgezogen. Stickstoffhaltiges Restgas 13 wird zu mindestens einem Teil bis zum warmen Ende des warmen Abschnitts 10a geleitet (14). Das warme Restgas 17 kann mindestens zum Teil als Regeneriergas 18 für die Reinigungseinrichtung 7 verwendet und/oder als trockenes Gas in den Kühlturm 107 eingeleitet werden (nicht dargestellt). Der Rest wird bei 19 abgezogen. Ein Temperaturregler 16 (Temperature Indication and Control) dient zur Einstellung der Temperatur am kalten Ende des warmen Abschnitts 10a des Hauptwärmetauschersystems. Er leitet bei Bedarf einen Teil 15 des Restgases aus dem kalten Abschnitt 10b um den warmen Abschnitt 10a herum.The currents to be heated in the main heat exchanger system 10 b, 10 a are formed by products of the rectification device. Gaseous oxygen 12 flows through the entire main heat exchanger system and is withdrawn as a product (GOX) at the warm end of the warm section. Nitrogen-containing residual gas 13 is passed to at least part of the warm end of the warm section 10 a (14). The warm residual gas 17 can be used at least in part as a regeneration gas 18 for the cleaning device 7 and / or can be introduced as a dry gas into the cooling tower 107 (not shown). The rest is subtracted at 19. A temperature controller 16 (Temperature Indication and Control) is used to set the temperature at the cold end of the warm section 10 a of the main heat exchanger system. He runs if necessary a part of the residual gas 15 from the cold portion 10 b to the warm section 10 a around.

Ein zweiter Teil 20, 23, 24 der gereinigten Einsatzluft 8 kann vor seiner Einleitung 26 in die Rektifizierkolonne in einer Entspannungsmaschine 25 arbeitsleistend entspannt werden, um Kälte zum Ausgleich von Isolationsverlusten und gegebenenfalls für die Produktverflüssigung zu gewinnen. Der zweite Luftteil 20 wird dazu gegebenenfalls nachverdichtet (21), und nach Durchlaufen eines Nachkühlers 22 über Leitung 23 zum warmen Ende des warmen Abschnitts 10a des Hauptwärmetauschersystems geführt. Er durchströmt auch einen Teil des kalten Abschnitts 24 und wird bei einer Zwischentemperatur oberhalb der Temperatur des kalten Endes des Hauptwärmetauschersystems der Entspannungsmaschine 25 zugeführt. Die bei der Entspannung gewonnene mechanische Energie wird vorzugsweise durch mechanische Kopplung auf den Nachverdichter 21 übertragen.A second part 20, 23, 24 of the purified feed air 8 can be relaxed to perform work in the rectification column into an expansion machine 25 prior to its introduction 26 in order to gain refrigerant to compensate for losses isolation and optionally liquefaction of the product. For this purpose, the second air part 20 is optionally post-compressed (21) and, after passing through an aftercooler 22, is led via line 23 to the warm end of the warm section 10 a of the main heat exchanger system. It also flows through part of the cold section 24 and is supplied to the expansion machine 25 at an intermediate temperature above the temperature of the cold end of the main heat exchanger system. The mechanical energy obtained during the expansion is preferably transmitted to the post-compressor 21 by mechanical coupling.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Abkühlung eines Prozeßstroms, bei dem der Prozeßstrom (4) in einem Kühler (5) in Wärmeaustausch mit einem flüssigen Kühlmittel (101) gebracht und in einem Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a, 10b) durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit anzuwärmenden Strömen (12,13) weiter abgekühlt wird und bei dem Kühlmittel (102, 105, 108, 109) aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogen, abgekühlt (107, 10a, 110) und wieder in den Kühler (5) eingeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abkühlung des aus dem Kühler abgezogenen Kühlmittels (102, 105, 108) mindestens zum Teil durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a) durchgeführt wird.1. A method for cooling a process stream, in which the process stream ( 4 ) in a cooler ( 5 ) is brought into heat exchange with a liquid coolant ( 101 ) and in a main heat exchanger system ( 10 a, 10 b) by indirect heat exchange with streams to be heated ( 12 , 13 ) is further cooled and, in the case of the coolant ( 102 , 105 , 108 , 109 ), withdrawn from the cooler ( 5 ), cooled (107, 10a, 110) and reintroduced into the cooler ( 5 ), characterized in that the cooling of the coolant ( 102 , 105 , 108 ) withdrawn from the cooler is carried out at least in part by indirect heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system ( 10 a). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Prozeßstrom (6) stromabwärts des Kühlers (5) gereinigt (7) wird und das Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a, 10b) einen warmen Abschnitt (10a) und einen kalten Abschnitt (10b) aufweist, wobei die am warmen Ende des kalten Abschnitts (1 Ob) austretenden anzuwärmenden Ströme (14) mindestens zum Teil dem warmen Abschnitt (10a) an dessen kaltem Ende zugeführt werden und wobei der gereinigte Prozeßstrom (8, 9) mindestens teilweise dem Hauptwärmetauschersystem am warmen Ende des kalten Abschnitts (10b) und das abzukühlende Kühlmittel (108) dem warmen Abschnitt (10a) des Hauptwärmetauschersystems zugeleitet werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process stream ( 6 ) downstream of the cooler ( 5 ) is cleaned (7) and the main heat exchanger system ( 10 a, 10 b) a warm section ( 10 a) and a cold section ( 10 b), the streams ( 14 ) to be heated emerging at the warm end of the cold section ( 1 Ob) being supplied at least in part to the warm section ( 10 a) at its cold end and the cleaned process stream ( 8 , 9 ) at least partially the main heat exchanger system at the warm end of the cold section ( 10 b) and the coolant ( 108 ) to be cooled are fed to the warm section ( 10 a) of the main heat exchanger system. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Prozeßstrom (11, 26) stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs im Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10b) einer Trenneinrichtung zugeführt wird und ein oder mehrere Produktströme (12, 13) aus der Trenneinrichtung dem Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a, 10b) als anzuwärmende Ströme zugeführt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the process stream ( 11 , 26 ) downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system ( 10 b) is fed to a separating device and one or more product streams ( 12 , 13 ) from the separating device to the main heat exchanger system ( 10 a, 10 b) are supplied as currents to be heated. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogene Kühlmittel (102) stromaufwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs im Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a) durch einen Kühlturm (107) geleitet wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coolant ( 102 ) drawn off from the cooler ( 5 ) is passed upstream of the indirect heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system ( 10 a) through a cooling tower ( 107 ). 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogene Kühlmittel (109) stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs im Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a) und stromaufwärts seiner Einführung (101) in den Kühler (5) mittels einer Kälteanlage (110) weiter abgekühlt wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coolant ( 109 ) drawn off from the cooler ( 5 ) downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the main heat exchanger system ( 10 a) and upstream of its introduction ( 101 ) into the cooler ( 5 ) is further cooled by means of a refrigeration system ( 110 ). 6. Vorrichtung zur Abkühlung eines Prozeßstroms, mit einem Kühler (5), mit Mitteln (4) zur Einführung des Prozeßstroms in den Kühler (5), mit Mitteln (101) zur Einführung eines Kühlmittels in den Kühler (5) und mit Mitteln (8, 9) zur Einführung des abgekühlten Prozeßstroms in ein Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a, 10b), sowie mit Mitteln (102) zum Abziehen von Kühlmittel aus dem Kühler (5), mit Mitteln (107, 10a, 110) zur Abkühlung des aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogenen Kühlmittels und mit Mitteln (101) zur Wiedereinführung des abgekühlten Kühlmittels in den Kühler (5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Abkühlung des aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogenen Kühlmittels mindestens zum Teil durch das Hauptwärmetauschersystem (10a) gebildet werden.6. Device for cooling a process stream, with a cooler ( 5 ), with means ( 4 ) for introducing the process stream into the cooler ( 5 ), with means ( 101 ) for introducing a coolant into the cooler ( 5 ) and with means ( 8 , 9 ) for introducing the cooled process stream into a main heat exchanger system ( 10 a, 10 b), and with means ( 102 ) for withdrawing coolant from the cooler ( 5 ), with means ( 107 , 10 a, 110 ) for cooling the Coolant withdrawn from the cooler ( 5 ) and with means ( 101 ) for reintroducing the cooled coolant into the cooler ( 5 ), characterized in that the means for cooling the coolant withdrawn from the cooler ( 5 ) are at least partly by the main heat exchanger system ( 10 a) are formed. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kühler (5) mit Mitteln (7) zur Reinigung des aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogenen Prozeßstroms (6) verbunden ist und daß das Hauptwärmetauschersystem einen warmen Abschnitt (10a) und einen kalten Abschnitt (10b) aufweist, wobei das warme Ende des kalten Abschnitts (10b) in Strömungsverbindung (14) mit dem kaltem Ende des warmen Abschnitts (10a) steht, wobei die Mittel (8, 9) zur Einführung des gereinigten Prozeßstroms in das Hauptwärmetauschersystem in den kalten Abschnitt (10b) führen und die Mittel zur Abkühlung des aus dem Kühler (5) abgezogenen Kühlmittels mindestens zum Teil durch den warmen Abschnitt (10a) des Hauptwärmetauschersystems gebildet werden.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the cooler ( 5 ) with means ( 7 ) for cleaning the from the cooler ( 5 ) withdrawn process stream ( 6 ) is connected and that the main heat exchanger system has a warm section ( 10 a) and one having cold section ( 10 b), the warm end of the cold section ( 10 b) being in flow connection ( 14 ) with the cold end of the warm section ( 10 a), the means ( 8 , 9 ) for introducing the cleaned process stream lead into the main heat exchanger system in the cold section ( 10 b) and the means for cooling the coolant drawn off from the cooler ( 5 ) are formed at least in part by the warm section ( 10 a) of the main heat exchanger system.
DE1997144844 1997-10-10 1997-10-10 Processing-current cooling system Withdrawn DE19744844A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2381198A1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas of combustion plants

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2381198A1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Method for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas of combustion plants
WO2011132055A3 (en) * 2010-04-21 2013-01-03 Alstom Technology Ltd Method and installation for liquefying flue gas from combustion installations
CN103038590A (en) * 2010-04-21 2013-04-10 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 Method and installation for liquefying flue gas from combustion installations
TWI424870B (en) * 2010-04-21 2014-02-01 亞斯通科技有限公司 Method and apparatus for liquefying flue gas from a combustion device
RU2557945C2 (en) * 2010-04-21 2015-07-27 Альстом Текнолоджи Лтд Method for liquefaction of furnace gas from combustion plants
AU2011244078B2 (en) * 2010-04-21 2015-09-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Method and installation for liquefying flue gas from combustion installations
CN103038590B (en) * 2010-04-21 2015-11-25 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 For liquefying from the method for the flue gas of combustion plant and facility

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