DE19732518A1 - High strength heat insulating brick - Google Patents
High strength heat insulating brickInfo
- Publication number
- DE19732518A1 DE19732518A1 DE1997132518 DE19732518A DE19732518A1 DE 19732518 A1 DE19732518 A1 DE 19732518A1 DE 1997132518 DE1997132518 DE 1997132518 DE 19732518 A DE19732518 A DE 19732518A DE 19732518 A1 DE19732518 A1 DE 19732518A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- brick
- mass
- expanded glass
- porous
- glass granules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0081—Embedding aggregates to obtain particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
- B28B7/342—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/22—Glass ; Devitrified glass
- C04B14/24—Glass ; Devitrified glass porous, e.g. foamed glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ziegelstein mit hoher Wärmedämmwirkung und nied riger Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Her stellung. Solche Ziegelsteine werden benötigt, um die Forderungen zur Einspa rung von Heizenergie zu erfüllen, wie sie in der deutschen Wärmeschutzverord nung von 1995, welche 1999 nochmals verschärft werden soll, festgelegt sind. Es ist dabei ein verständliches Ziel der Baustoffentwicklung, die durch Porosierung erzielbare Wärmedämmwirkung mit einer möglichst geringen Minderung der Fe stigkeit gegenüber möglichst dichtgebrannten und damit schlecht wärmeisolieren den Ziegelsteinen zu erreichen.The invention relates to a brick with high thermal insulation and low water vapor diffusion resistance number and a method for its manufacture position. Such bricks are needed to meet the demands for savings heating energy, as specified in the German Heat Protection Ordinance 1995, which will be tightened again in 1999, have been laid down. It is an understandable goal of building material development by porosity achievable thermal insulation effect with the smallest possible reduction in Fe Resistance to densely burned and therefore poorly insulated to reach the bricks.
Weit verbreitet sind organische ausbrennende Porosierungsmittel, wie beispiels weise Styropor, Rückstände aus der Papier- und Brauerei-Industrie sowie Säge mehl, wobei es naturgemäß zu einer mit zunehmender Porosität stark abfallenden Festigkeit kommt (Zeitschrift "Ziegelindustrie International" (1994), H. 1, S. 35-38; Zeitschrift "Entsorgungspraxis" (1997), H. 4, S. 24-30; "Keramische Zeit schrift" (1996), H. 11, S. 1012-1017, insbesondere S. 1015, Abb. 4).Organic burning porosity agents, such as wise polystyrene, residues from the paper and brewery industry and saw flour, whereby it naturally becomes a sharply decreasing with increasing porosity Strength comes (magazine "Ziegelindustrie International" (1994), H. 1, S. 35-38; Journal "Entsorgungspraxis" (1997), H. 4, pp. 24-30; "Ceramic time pamphlet "(1996), H. 11, pp. 1012-1017, in particular p. 1015, fig. 4).
Hingegen erwartet man von anorganischen Porosierungsmitteln eine Verfestigung des Scherbens (Zeitschrift "Ziegelindustrie International" (1997), H. 1-2, S. 39), was für den aus einem natürlich vorkommenden Mineral hergestellten, geblähten Perlit hinsichtlich der Druckfestigkeit auch nachgewiesen wurde (Zeitschrift "Zie gelindustrie International" (1991). H. 3, S. 125).In contrast, inorganic porosity agents are expected to solidify des Scherbens (magazine "Brick and Tile Industry International" (1997), H. 1-2, p. 39), what a bloated one made from a naturally occurring mineral Perlite was also proven in terms of compressive strength (magazine "Zie gelindustrie International "(1991). H. 3, p. 125).
Zur Einsparung von Ton, zur Erhöhung der Witterungsbeständigkeit und in ge wissem Maße auch zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit ist es bekannt, der Tonmasse bei der Ziegelherstellung gemahlenes oder auch nur grob gebrochenes Altglas zuzu setzen (DE G 87 06 326.3). Hier ist eine Verbesserung der Wärmedämmwirkung weder gefordert worden noch zu erwarten. To save clay, to increase weather resistance and in ge To some extent it is known to increase the strength of the clay mass used in the manufacture of brick, or only roughly broken glass set (DE G 87 06 326.3). Here is an improvement in thermal insulation neither requested nor expected.
Zum anderen sind Dämmstoffe bekannt, bei denen Hohlkügelchen aus anorgani schem Material im Durchmesserbereich von einigen Zehntelmillimetern bis zu ei nigen Millimetern mit einem Bindemittel zu einem Körper geformt werden.On the other hand, insulation materials are known in which hollow spheres made of inorganic chemical material in the diameter range from a few tenths of a millimeter to egg a few millimeters into a body with a binder.
In einem Fall werden solche Hohlkügelchen aus amorphem Siliziumdioxid außer mit organischen Bindemitteln auch mit anorganischen, im wesentlichen ohne Temperaturerhöhung und in jedem Falle ohne Sinterung, abbindenden Bindemit teln, wie beispielsweise Zement, Kalk, Gips oder Wasserglas, geformt (DE 38 14 968 A1).In one case, such hollow spheres are made of amorphous silicon dioxide with organic binders also with inorganic, essentially without Temperature increase and in any case without sintering, binding binder agents, such as cement, lime, plaster or water glass, shaped (DE 38 14 968 A1).
In einem anderen Fall werden keramische Hohlkügelchen mit anorganischen Bin demitteln zunächst durch Düsen oder Siebe gedrückt, um ein lockeres, krümeli ges Material zu erhalten, aus dem dann Formkörper hergestellt getrocknet und gebrannt werden (DE 195 38 667 C2).In another case, ceramic hollow spheres with inorganic bin First press through nozzles or sieves to create a loose, crumbly crumb to obtain material, from which the molded body is then dried and be burned (DE 195 38 667 C2).
Trotz Ähnlichkeiten im strukturellen Aufbau vermögen diese bekannten techni schen Lösungen keine Anregungen zum vorliegenden Objekt der Erfindung zu geben, da von ausgesprochenen Dämmstoffen kein Beitrag zur statischen Festig keit eines Bauwerkes erwartet wird.Despite similarities in the structural structure, these well-known techni no solutions to the present object of the invention give, because of pronounced insulation materials no contribution to the static strength building is expected.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, unter Verwendung möglichst preiswer ter Porosierungsmittel einen Ziegelstein mit hoher Wärmedämmwirkung und niedriger Wasserdampfdiffusionszahl herzustellen, dessen Festigkeit, insbeson dere die Biegefestigkeit, für eine gegebene Porosität und damit Wärmeleitfähig keit über den Werten von Ziegelsteinen entsprechend dem Stand der Technik liegt.The invention has for its object to be used as inexpensively as possible porosity agent a brick with high thermal insulation and to produce a low water vapor diffusion number, its strength, in particular the bending strength, for a given porosity and thus heat conductivity state of the art lies.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Patentansprüchen beschriebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention described in the claims solved.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren bildet das der Ziegelsteinroh masse zugesetzte hochporöse Blähglasgranulat (Porosität 80 . . . 90%, d. h. nur 10 . . . 20% des Volumens dieses Granulates ist Glasmasse) zunächst im Ziegelstein rohling einen Porenraum, der genau der Porosität des Blähglasgranulates ent spricht. Wie Elektronenstrahl-Rückstreuungs-Mikroaufnahmen und die Bestim mung der Verteilung chemischer Elemente in der Umgebung der Poren des ge brannten Ziegelsteines zeigen, diffundiert des Glasanteil des Granulates während des Brennens in die Tonmatrix in der Umgebung der Granalien, wobei eine große Pore etwa in den Abmessungen der Granalien zurückbleibt, deren Wandung da durch offenbar verfestigt wird.In the manufacturing process according to the invention, this is formed by the brick raw mass of highly porous expanded glass granules (porosity 80... 90%, i.e. only 10 . . . 20% of the volume of this granulate is glass mass) initially in the brick blank a pore space that exactly corresponds to the porosity of the expanded glass granules speaks. Like electron beam backscatter micrographs and the determin Distribution of chemical elements in the vicinity of the pores of the ge show burnt brick, while the glass portion of the granules diffuses of burning in the clay matrix around the granules, being a large one Pore remains approximately in the dimensions of the granules, the wall of which is there through being apparently solidified.
Die nachfolgenden Tabellen 1 bis 4 zeigen die vorteilhaften Auswirkungen der Erfindung auf verschiedene wichtige Werkstoffparameter des fertigen Ziegelstei nes, wobei in den Spalten jeweils das Masseverhältnis Tonmasse/Blähglas und in Zeilen die Brenntemperatur variiert ist.Tables 1 to 4 below show the beneficial effects of Invention on various important material parameters of the finished brick nes, whereby in the columns the mass ratio clay mass / expanded glass and in Rows the firing temperature is varied.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an drei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using three exemplary embodiments.
Herstellung eines Leichthochlochziegels 12 DF (nach DIN 105, Teil 2) (Druckfestigkeitsklasse 8/12 N/mm2, Rohdichteklasse 0,8 kg/dm3,12 DF) mit 5. . . 10 Masse% Blähglasgranulat mit einer Körnung von 0,5 . . . 1 mm und einer Schüttdichte von 0,30 g/cm3 ergibt bei einer Brenntemperatur von 950. . . 1000°C (illitischer Rohstoff) eine Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl µ von 5/10 und eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit λ von 0,16 . . . 0,18 W/m K. Production of a light perforated brick 12 DF (according to DIN 105, part 2) (compressive strength class 8/12 N / mm 2 , bulk density class 0.8 kg / dm 3 , 12 DF) with 5th. . 10% by mass expanded glass granulate with a grain size of 0.5. . . 1 mm and a bulk density of 0.30 g / cm 3 at a firing temperature of 950. . 1000 ° C (illicit raw material) a water vapor diffusion resistance factor µ of 5/10 and a thermal conductivity λ of 0.16. . . 0.18 W / m K.
Wie Beispiel 1, jedoch mit 15. . . 25 Masse% Blähglasgranulat, angewandt bei ei
nem Leichthochlochziegel W (nach DIN 105, Teil 2):
Druckfestigkeitsklasse: 618 N/mm2
Rohdichteklasse: 0,710,8 kg/dm3
Wärmeleitfähigkeit: 0,14 . . . 0,16 W/m.K
Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl: 5/10As example 1, but with 15. . 25% by mass expanded glass granulate, used with a lightly perforated brick W (according to DIN 105, part 2):
Compressive strength class: 618 N / mm 2
Gross density class: 0.710.8 kg / dm 3
Thermal conductivity: 0.14. . . 0.16 W / mK
Water vapor diffusion resistance number: 5/10
Wie Beispiel 1, jedoch mit 30 . . . 40 Masse% Blähglasgranulat, angewandt bei ei
nem Leichthochlochziegel (nach DIN 105, Teil 2):
Druckfestigkeitsklasse: 8 N/mm2
Rohdichteklasse: 0,8 kg/dm3
Wärmeleitfähigkeit: 0,16 W/m.K
Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstandszahl: 5/10.Like example 1, but with 30. . . 40% by mass expanded glass granulate, used with a light vertically perforated brick (according to DIN 105, part 2):
Compressive strength class: 8 N / mm 2
Gross density class: 0.8 kg / dm 3
Thermal conductivity: 0.16 W / mK
Water vapor diffusion resistance number: 5/10.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997132518 DE19732518A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 | High strength heat insulating brick |
| DE1998105379 DE19805379A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1998-02-11 | Method for producing bricks with a high heat insulation effect and a low water vapor diffusion resistance factor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997132518 DE19732518A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 | High strength heat insulating brick |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19732518A1 true DE19732518A1 (en) | 1999-02-18 |
Family
ID=7837186
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1997132518 Ceased DE19732518A1 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-07-29 | High strength heat insulating brick |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19732518A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2028329A1 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2009-02-25 | Schlagmann Baustoffwerke GmbH & Co. KG | Heat insulation bricks |
| DE10300043B4 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2011-12-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for the production of molded and fired foam clay components |
| DE102020004441A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Hochschule Wismar | Material and method for producing a fired clay body with high hydraulic conductivity |
-
1997
- 1997-07-29 DE DE1997132518 patent/DE19732518A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10300043B4 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2011-12-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for the production of molded and fired foam clay components |
| EP2028329A1 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2009-02-25 | Schlagmann Baustoffwerke GmbH & Co. KG | Heat insulation bricks |
| DE102020004441A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Hochschule Wismar | Material and method for producing a fired clay body with high hydraulic conductivity |
| WO2022018521A2 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-27 | Hochschule Wismar | Clay body and method for producing a fired clay body with a high hydraulic conductivity |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AG | Has addition no. |
Ref country code: DE Ref document number: 19805379 Format of ref document f/p: P |
|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8120 | Willingness to grant licenses paragraph 23 | ||
| 8131 | Rejection |