DE19719793A1 - Modular layer storage system for heating water for domestic use - Google Patents

Abstract

The system consists of the combination of small tubular storage modules into a large storage unit based on calculation of capacity required. Each module has a heat exchanger (5) for the provision of heat proportional to its size. The combination of the storage modules as shown in the drawings results in a high measure of temperature layering. To prevent overheating of the stores by solar energy which cannot be turned off protective venting of the air round the stores is provided. The design of the storage module, the combination and interconnection as shown in the drawings including the over heating protection we have designated the modular layer storage heater.

Description

For the introduction of heat into service or heating water, pressure accumulators are required for opening taking a calculated volume of water. Heat is transferred to the domestic or transfer heating water.

Water reservoirs can be found especially with limited amounts of energy Stratified loading behavior use.

When stratified charge of a water volume with heat, an area (usually above) becomes one have a higher temperature and another area becomes a lower temperature (mostly un ten). In between is a field with a mixed temperature.

The low temperature allows high heat transfer at the heat exchanger and thus an improvement in efficiency.

The newly developed "module layer storage" system ("MSS" system) consists of stackable partial stores. The individual modules with any volume are placed in series switches so that the sum of the individual volumes corresponds to the total storage volume.

Each individual storage module ( Fig. 1) has a tube heat exchanger ( 5 ). These are also interconnected to form a system according to the circuit diagram ( Fig. 2).

The following explanations can be understood from the drawings; the he The numbers in brackets are explained in the appendix to the description.

Show it

Fig. 1: Single module (round version)

Fig. 2: Module stratified storage tank with four modules (MSS-4 R) (front view: module heat exchanger circuit)

Fig. 3: MSS-4 R (front view: ventilation / insulation)

Fig. 4: MSS-4 R (view: connections / fastening)

Fig. 5: MSS-4 Q (square version)

The structure

A memory module consists of a tubular body made of metal (e.g. steel) or special plastic is produced.

At both ends are openings for receiving the pipe fittings for the medium water What ( 1 ) and energy supply of the heat exchanger ( 4 ).

The function

Are z. For example, if four memory modules ( Fig. 2: MSS-4) are connected together, the charging behaves as follows:

The 4 modules of 100 ltr each in this case. Content is through the side Rohran bindings connected in series. A total volume of 400 l is obtained.

The cold water connection (( 12 ) / water supply or heating return) is fed in at module 4 (water inlet). The hot water connection ( 10 ) is connected to module I (water continuation or heating flow).

The tube heat exchangers, which are interconnected in the same way, are fed in with a heat-conducting medium (e.g. from a thermal solar collector ( 11 )), namely at module I (flow). This medium is brought out at Module IV.

On the way from the lead through all interconnected tube heat exchangers, the Heat content of the solar medium (other energy sources also possible) in the water volume transfer.

In module I, the highest possible temperature will be generated, since the energy exchange in the high temperature level takes place. This temperature level increases in modules II, III and IV gradually. The Δt that arises in each module (Delta t = Temp. Solarmedi at temp. Water) allows energy to be released to the water from the beginning (lead) to End of the heat exchanger section (return).

The water temperature is stratified.

The water already heated in module I can already be used (as process water or Heater).

The water in modules II, III and IV continues to heat up according to the sequence or the preheated water flows from these modules to the next floor.  

Commercial control devices (differential controllers) provide appropriate pump commands to To prevent energy returns.

The memory modules are installed on a statically calculated support structure ( 17 ). Wall anchors used on site can also be used for this.

advantages

• 1. A very good stratification of the water temperature occurs, that is, quick use of hot water from the sub-area (module I).
• 2. Constantly further energy transfer in the other layers, up to module IV, because here A Δt required for heat transfer is present for a very long time. The efficiency it gets very high.
• 3. The return temperature from the tube heat exchanger becomes a low Ni for a very long time own veau. This means that this carrier medium is again ready for a lot of energy (Solar heat).
• 4. Large stores are very heavy and often not through narrow doors due to their large dimensions and transport stairs. Modules of the MSS system fit everywhere.
• 5. 2, 3 or 4 modules can be combined. Different volume sizes can be used for this:
  e.g. B .:
  4,100 ltr = 400 ltr total volume
  3.75 ltr = 225 ltr total volume
  4.75 ltr = 300 ltr total volume
  1,100 ltr + 2.75 ltr = 250 ltr total volume
  3,100 ltr + 1.75 ltr = 375 ltr total volume
  or for an apartment building with z. B. three families:
  3.4.100 ltr = 1200 ltr total volume
  etc.
  Almost any combination is conceivable, ie many variations are possible with just a few module variants (here 75 ltr and 100 ltr).
• 6. Very easy transportation by 1 or 2 men. No long-term physical damage due to high carrying weights.
  A normal steel storage 400 ltr. weighs approx. 150 kg and can only be brought into the building with 3 to 4 men with great effort. This does not apply here.
• 7. The space requirement is smaller due to the slim tube body than with conventional water storage (can be reduced with square modules ( Fig. 5)).
• 8. Individual control options for individual memory modules possible.
• 9. Additional heat exchanger ( 8 ) can be easily installed (e.g. for reheating by another heat source in module I).
• 10. Electric heating resistor for post-heating can also be installed (via thermostatic control) ( 5 ).
• 11. The insulation of the storage unit ( 16 ) is simple and there are smooth, closed wall units, clean and easy to open for inspection purposes.
• 12. Overheating of the storage water if too much solar energy is introduced can be avoided by ventilating the modules ( Fig. 2). In the event of overheating, a thermostat switches on a fan which allows fresh air ( 13 ) to flow along the outer walls of the modules. The air flow absorbs excess heat, which is conducted to the outside by means of the air duct ( 15 ). Too much solar heat is continued.
  A safety factor arises.
• 13. Very cheap connection of circulation circuits ( 7 ) without negative stratification destruction.

Reference list

1

Connection: water

2nd

Strap for feelers

3rd

Contact sensor for control

4th

Connection: solar

5

Pipe heat exchanger

6

Connection pipes (different pipe dimensions)

7

Connection circulation

8th

Heat exchanger: post heating

9

Connection: post-heating (forward / return)

10th

Connection: water (warm)

11

Solar circuit (forward / return)

12th

Connection water (cold)

13

Fresh air (cold)

14

Air flap (automatic)

15

Exhaust air (warm)

16

Insulating housing

17th

Support frame

18th

Pump (solar circuit)

19th

Square module (MSS-4 Q)

Claims (1)

The interconnection of tubular small memory modules to a desired, he calculated large memory unit.
Each storage module has a proportional heat exchanger for the introduction of heat.
The interconnection of the memory modules according to the circuit diagram results in a high degree of temperature stratification.
Overheating of the storage due to unavailable solar energy is dissipated through safety ventilation of the module surface.
The design of the memory modules, the combination and interconnectivity as shown, including overheating protection, we call the "module-layer-memory system" (MSS system).