DE19707594A1 - Screw-in hinge for earthed switch box doors, equipment coverings - Google Patents

Abstract

The hinge has two metal parts (16,18) pivotably connected together with a hinge pin (56) with one end (52) mechanically fixed in and electrically connected to one part (18) and the other end (70) or another region protruding into the other part (16). An electrically conducting spring device (168) connects the metallic contact surfaces of the pin, or of a part electrically connected to it, mechanically and electrically to corresp. metallic contact surfaces of the other hinge part in all operating positions of the hinge

Description

The invention relates to a screw-on hinge for earthed Control cabinet doors, equipment cladding or the like, with two hinge parts made of metal, which by means of a hinge pin arrangement made of metal with each other are pivotally connected, the hinge pin arrangement with one end mechanically in one hinge part is firmly and electrically connected, and with her other end or another area in the other Hinge part extends into it.

Such a screw hinge is for example from the Catalog page 4-262 of the general catalog of DIRAK Dieter Ramsauer Construction Elements GmbH & Co. KG, Kaiserstr. 55-59, 58332 Schwelm, already known.

Such hinges are used, for example, to To attach control cabinet doors to control cabinet housings, or also around parts or flaps of equipment cladding  to make it pivotable so that it can be attached to certain machine parts to get inside an apparel cover.

It is becoming increasingly necessary in a control cabinet housed electrical or electronic equipment, or alternatively with dressed electronic devices shield external electrical influences. Vice versa It is often mandatory to face people and facilities to protect electrical fields from within the like control cabinets and equipment cladding under electrical equipment brought out.

For good shielding it is u. a. necessary, a good one electrical connection between z. B. from a door leaf electrically conductive material, such as sheet steel, and z. B. the manufacture associated door frame, which is also electric is conductive and z. B. also consists of sheet steel. This electrical contact must not be too high. The same applies to apparel clothing, the individual Parts must be electrically connected to each other, as well as with adjacent or load-bearing frame parts or Struts covering the individual apparel garments hold and mechanically connect.

In order to achieve the low-resistance elec trical connection between z. B. different wall parts Therefore, it is necessary to establish one between them establish electrical route. This is also necessary Lich between the metal of a door leaf or one Machine cladding on the one hand and the door frame or other parts of the machine cowling on the other hand what for example, could be done by flexible cables that one suitably with the metal parts of the associated connects technical facilities. Such Kabelver Bonds are cumbersome to make and also impractical if, for example, a door leaf is dismantled  or should be posted, or if an apparatever clothes taken off and set aside in which case the cable connection u. U. in awkward Way must be solved. It could also be that such Cable connections when reassembling or when installing for the first time forgotten or not installed correctly, so that the Protective function or the shielding not recognized act or is insufficient.

It is cheaper to have an existing connection device between z. B. Control cabinet door and control cabinet frame or the like. Such existing ones anyway For example, the hinges that the Control cabinet door with the control cabinet frame or also the Apparel clothing with neighboring panels or support connect scaffolds for this equipment cladding or can be swiveled.

You can try known screw-on hinges, like them are mentioned for the beginning, for this purpose to use. For example, a Version with cast-in grub screw or with Pressed-in threaded pin through corresponding holes in the Inserted the door leaf and then using a fastener lock nut to be mounted, with between fastening a serrated lock washer and nut and door leaf surface could be, which may occur when tightening existing layers of paint digs through the door leaf and up to reaches the metallic surface of the door leaf so that there is a perfect electrical contact between the Metal of the door leaf and the one attached to this door leaf Hinge part could be made. The same applies for the control cabinet frame and the attached to it other hinge part.  

However, the contact between them is problematic two hinge parts, which must also have a low resistance, thus the desired low impedance of the entire route is secured. Because the outer surfaces of these hinge parts often painted, e.g. B. are coated black, d. i.e., with an electrically insulating or at least poor conductive lacquer layer is the contact between the two mutually movable hinge parts not always ensured. It is possible that Hinge pin device, in particular a through metal pin passing through both hinge parts, with the a hinge part mechanically or electrically firmly connect so that the current transfer resistance between these two parts can be kept arbitrarily small, however, the pin must relate to the other hinge part stay agile so that due to movement play, Bearing grease, dirt and the like. The electrical transition resistance stood between this pen and the one that is movable to the pen other hinge part (as well as between the coulter nierteile itself) is not defined and therefore also can be relatively high, so that the security purpose or Shielding ability u. U. is missed.

The object of the invention is to provide a hinge of the beginning mentioned type in such a way that these disadvantages be avoided and always a sufficiently low ohmic contact resistance between the two hinge sharing is ensured. The arrangement should be so be that external influences as well as a surface layering of a non or poorly conductive paint or Oxide does not affect the shielding function. Furthermore an aggressive environment should also be endured if necessary can. Eventually there should be a weakening of strength of the hinge should be avoided if possible. It should embodiments in which the hinge is also possible can be unhooked, the earthing function after Hang u. U. should automatically be given again.  

The grounding contact should also change with frequent use of the hinge do not deteriorate.

The problem is solved in that an electrical conductive spring device is provided, the metallic Contact surfaces of the one hinge part mechanically and electrically connected hinge pin or one with this electrically connected part with corresponding metallic contact surfaces of the other hinge part in all working positions of the hinge and electrically conductive interconnects.

This measure ensures that the two Hinge parts always have a defined mechanical and therefore also have electrical contact force against each other, which leads to a defined contact resistance, so can be made as low as necessary.

Based on this basic concept are different dene embodiments possible. So can the hinge pin device to be in two parts, the one hinge pin part of the hinge pin device with one Hinge part mechanically fixed or electrically conductive is connected (for example pressed, welded or soldered), while the other hinge pin part with the other hinge part mechanically strong and electrically conductive is connected, the preferably cylindrical spring element between these two hinge pin parts desired electrical connection and the low over ensures resistance. This could be the spring element represent a compression spring in an axial bore of the a hinge pin part is included and up to Contact surface of the other hinge pin part or hinge partly enough. It is assumed that the contact surface between the spring and the two hinge pin parts is metallic, so that by the  Pressure contact a correspondingly low contact resistance is created.

These contact surfaces can also from the end faces of the both pin ends are formed.

Alternatively, the one contact surface from the end face of a pin approach are formed, which in an axial bore in the other end of the pin. In this case the spring element and its contact points would be more advantageous surrounded by the pin and therefore particularly good protects against z. B. Ambient gases that are corrosive like, or against pollution from dust or lubricating oil, that may have been used to lubricate the hinge.

The spring element does not necessarily have to have axial forces resulting compression spring, it can also be a radial Force generating cage spring act on the in the Axial bore extending end is pushed. The Cage spring can serve as a contact surface for the bore wall of the axial use bore, on the other hand, the peripheral surface of the Approach. The contact pad can also be from the bottom be formed surface of the axial bore. Instead of the feather element in direct contact with a relative to yourself To bring rotating part of a hinge element a metal ball can be arranged in between what the Reduced frictional forces and wear and tear reduced.

In particular, spring element and metal ball in one Axial bore to be arranged by a hinge pin part or is formed by a hinge part.

The invention is explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments play explained in more detail, which are shown in the drawings are.  

It shows:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an inventive hinge according to a first imple mentation form in connection with a cabinet door drawn in part, which is attached to a cabinet frame.

Fig. 2 in a partially axially sectioned view of the hinge of Figure 1 in a plan view.

Fig. 3A, a hinge part, here connected to the cabinet frame;

Fig. 3B, here connected to the door leaf second hinge part;

Fig 3C, which consists of two hinge pin members and a spring hinge pin assembly in an exploded view; FIG.

Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of a hinge according to the invention in a view similar to FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows the hinge according to FIG 4 in an axial sectional view.

Fig. 6A, 6B and 6C are exploded views, the individual parts of the hinge of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a further hinge arrangement;

FIG. 8 is a partially axially sectioned view of the hinge according to FIG. 7;

FIG. 9A, 9B and 9C, the individual parts of the hinge shown in Figure 8 in a separate representation.

FIG. 10 shows a further hinge in a view similar to FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is an axial sectional view of a first embodiment of the hinge shown in FIG. 10;

Fig. 12 is an axial sectional view of a second embodiment of the hinge shown in Fig. 10;

FIGS. 13A and 13B show the two hinge parts as are used in the hinge of FIGS. 11 and 12;

Fig. 14 shows the hinge pin arrangement of the hinge of Fig. 11 in an exploded view;

Fig. 15, the hinge pin of the hinge arrangement of Figure 12 in an exploded arrangement.

FIG. 16 shows yet another embodiment of the hinge according to the invention in a view similar to FIG. 1;

Fig. 17 is an axial sectional view of the hinge of Fig. 16;

Figs. 18A, 18B and 18C, the individual parts of the hinge according to Figures 16 and 17 in an exploded view.

FIG. 19 shows, in a representation similar to FIG. 1, yet another embodiment of a hinge designed according to the invention;

Fig. 20 is a section along the hinge axis Dar position of the embodiment of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21A, 21B and 21C in the individual parts of Figures 19 and 20 are provided in the hinge exploded form.

FIG. 22 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 20; and

FIG. 23 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 21C, here to illustrate a cage spring.

In Fig. 1, a screw hinge 10 can be seen in a view from above and in Fig. 2 in a plan view, with which, for example, a door leaf 12 made of bent steel sheet can be attached to a door frame or door frame 14 also made of steel sheet. Instead of a door leaf 12 , it can also be a flap 12 that closes an opening in a machine housing 14 , or a housing wall part that is attached to a frame so that it can be folded away.

As the exploded view of the parts can be of the hinge seen in FIGS. 3A to 3C, there is a screw-on hinge consists of two hinge parts 16, 18, represented by means of a hinge pin assembly 20 in FIG. 3C, FIG. 1 and 2 are pivotally connected together . The axis of the hinge pin arrangement 22 lies slightly in front of the outer plane 24 of the two hinge parts, see FIG. 1, which enables an opening by 180 °.

The hinge part 16 is fastened at the points 26 , 28 and the hinge part 18 at the points 30 , 32 , see FIG. 2, to the door frame 14 or to the door leaf 12 , the fastening being able to be carried out, for example, by means of countersunk screws 34 , between which Fastening nut 36 and its support on, for example, the door frame plate 14 , reference number 38 , a contact-reducing resistance-reducing agent may be used, such as a spring washer or serrated lock washer 42 , which digs through any oxide or lacquer layers present and up to Metal surface arrives and thus ensures a low contact resistance, which leads to the hinge part 16 via the nut 36 on the screw bolt 34 , further via its screw head 40 , so that overall a low contact resistance between the door frame part 14 or housing frame part 14 on the one hand and the hinge part 16 on the other hand is given or sure gesture llt can be. Alternatively or correspondingly, a grub screw 134 could also be provided, which may be cast into the hinge part 18 according to FIG. 1 and which, by means of a nut with an interposed spring washer 42 or the like, creates a low contact resistance between the door leaf 12 on the one hand and the hinge part 18 on the other hand.

For optical reasons or for reasons of corrosion resistance, not only the material of the control cabinet, i.e. the surfaces of the door leaf 12 and door frame 14 (or of flap 12 and machine housing 14 ) will be painted, but also the surfaces of the hinge parts 16 , 18 , whereby however, care is usually taken to ensure that the threads of cast-on threaded pins 134 (for example, by covering during the painting process) remain metallic blank, as can be achieved that the electrical contact between the screw head 40 and the corresponding depression in the hinge part 16 is free of lacquer layers is or is being made.

In order to achieve that the cabinet door leaf 12 and cabinet door frame 14 have the desired shielding properties, it is necessary that these have an overall low electrical contact resistance to one another, which in turn means that the two hinge parts 16 , 18 must have a low contact resistance to one another. This cannot be achieved simply by the intermeshing lugs 44 , 46 and 48 , 50 bearing the hinge pin bores touching one another, since the contact surfaces can have play with one another, can be contaminated by dirt or paint residues or grease or oil, which likewise can contribute to the fact that the contact resistance of the contact between these finger-like projections to one another is not defined and can therefore be high.

In order to obtain the desired low, defined contact resistance, a particularly designed hinge pin arrangement 20 is now provided according to FIG. 3C, which is mechanically fixed and electrically conductive with its one end 52 in the one hinge part 18 , which can be achieved by welding, soldering or else simple, as can be achieved here by pressing this corrugated end 52 in a corresponding bore 54 of the commercial projection 48 of the hinge part 18 , for example by providing the pin end 52 with a corrugation or knurling, which is in the peripheral walls of the bore 54 when driving in Pen digs into this hole and wall with the material of the hole results in good electrical contact. The hinge pin device 20 extends into the other hinge part, even if it is divided, as in Fig. 3C. The fact that it extends with one of its parts, for example with part 56 , into the corresponding hinge bore 58 , as shown in FIG. 2, results in a sufficiently good shear strength between the two hinge parts.

In the hinge pin arrangement shown in Fig. 3C, a further partial pin 60 is present, which is mechanically fixed and electrically conductively connected to the other hinge part 16 , for example again by means of an edge 62 at its one end, with which this pin, as shown in FIG. 2 can be seen, is pressed into the opening 64 of the hinge part 16 . Here, too, the partial pin 60 extends into the bore 66 of the other hinge part 18 and thereby results in mechanical strength against shear.

Due to the measures described, the two pin parts 56 , 60 are each electrically conductively connected to the frame 14 or the sheet 12 of the control cabinet or the like, so that it now only has to be ensured that the two pin parts 56 , 60 are one get defined low-resistance electrical connection to each other. This is achieved by an electrically conductive spring device 68 which, in the mounting position shown in FIG. 2, rests against the two end faces 70 , 72 of the two pin parts 52 , 60 and thereby achieves the desired low-resistance contact between these two parts.

The spring 68 is expediently designed such that it is accommodated without great radial play in the breakthrough space which has remained in the hinge inserts 44 , 50 between the pin parts 56 , 60 , so that it does not become jammed, as a result of which an even contact system also occurs Movement of the two hinge parts to each other and thus the two pins 56 , 60 is retained.

The arrangement and configuration of the individual hinge parts according to the embodiment of FIGS . 1 to 3 is symmetrical in wesent union, so that the individual parts are interchangeable.

The hinge is also easy to open from the right adjustable on the left.

In principle, this also applies to the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, if the two hinge parts 116 , 118 there are also symmetrical only with regard to their attachment, but not in the area of their mutual connection. Thus, the hinge part 116 has two lugs 144 , 146 forming the bores for the hinge pin arrangement 120 , while the hinge part 118 has only one such lug 148 , which is enclosed by the lugs 144 , 146 of the other hinge part 116 after the hinge 110 has been assembled.

The hinge pin arrangement 120 here, too, see FIG. 6C, again consists of two partial pins 156 , 160 and a compression coil spring 168 . In order for a mechanically firm and electrically conductive connection to be established between the two pin parts 156 , 160 and thus the respective hinge part 160 or 118 , the pin 356 shown in FIG. 6C below is reversed in such a way that it has its corrugated end facing upwards has and thereby comes in a desired manner with the hinge pin bore 154 of the hinge part 118 in connection, while the part pin 160 comes with its upper corrugated end 162 in the hinge pin bore 164 of the hinge part 116 to be firmly and electrically conductive.

The two hinge pin parts 160 , 156 are in turn electrically conductively connected to one another by means of a compression spring 168 in the manner already described. Thus, also in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6 forms sichge that the two hinge parts 116 , 118 and thus the cabinet parts attached to them, such as door leaf, flap or door frame, machine housing are connected to each other via a low electrical resistance.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the two hinge parts 216 , 218 each have only one shoulder 246 and 248 receiving the hinge pin . Such a hinge can thus be removed without having to fully remove the hinge pin device.

The hinge pin 256 in turn has a corrugated free end 252 in order to drive it mechanically firmly and electrically conductively into the hinge bore 254 in the hinge part 218 , for example. The spring arrangement 268 also present here could have a similar shape, as can be seen, for example, in FIGS . 1C and 3C, that is to say with an outer circumference that approximately corresponds to the inner diameter of the bore 164 of the hinge part 216 , possibly being somewhat smaller. This could be done in particular by carrying out the hinge pin bore 264 of the hinge part 216 as a blind bore, as can also be seen in FIG. 9A, one end of such a spring arrangement being applied to the inner end of this blind bore, while the other end then engaging the End face 270 of a pin 256 extending into this blind bore 244 (not shown).

However, in order to make the hinge pin 256 as long as possible and still give the spring 268 sufficient longitudinal extension, and also to ensure that the spring 268 is not lost so easily when the hinge can be detached, it is advantageous to provide an axial bore in the end face region 270 . Reference number 271 , into which a spring 268 with a reduced diameter can be inserted, one end of which then lies against the bottom of the blind bore 271 , and with its other end touches the bottom of the blind bore 264 , as can be seen in FIG. 8.

If you want to dispense with blind holes, you can equip the two hinge parts of a detachable hinge according to FIGS . 10 to 15, 316, 318 with through holes 364 , 354 . This has the advantage, among other things, that the two hinge parts are again constructed identically, which lowers the manufacturing costs and reduces the storage for the hinge parts. The associated hinge pin arrangement 320 and 320 'is shown in FIGS . 14 and 15 Darge and here in turn comprises a partial pin 356 , the pin part via a corrugation 352 in the bore 354 of the hinge part 318 in the manner already described firmly and electrically conductive can be, and which is so long that it extends into the bore 364 of the other hinge part 316 , as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. Another shorter hinge pin part 360 also has a knurling 362 and can thus be pressed in an electrically conductive manner into the bore 364 of the hinge part 316 , as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. It would be possible to arrange a spring between the end faces 370 , 372 of the two partial pins 356 , 360 , as is shown, for example, in FIGS. 2 and 3C. However, in order to make the hinge pin parts as long as possible and thus increase the shear strength of the hinge, it is advantageous instead to arrange a blind hole 373 in one of the two partial pins, here it is the partial pin 316 , into which a spring arrangement here in the form of a compression coil spring 368 , which in turn is supported on the one hand on the bottom of the blind bore 373 , and on the other hand on the end face 370 of the opposing partial pin 356 . This arrangement is shown in FIGS. 15 and 12.

In order to improve this contact even with frequent turning operations, it is sometimes low, in addition a ball to provide 350, which can be fitted into the blind bore 373 and produces an improved, lower friction contact between the spring 373 and the part of pin 356, see Figs. 14 and 11.

The hinge parts of the embodiment according to FIGS. 16 to 18 have a similar shape as can be seen in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3. Different here is the hinge pin arrangement 420 , which is designed such that it is present on all three transition surfaces between one hinge nierteil to the other hinge part, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in which no shear strength on the middle transition surface taking spring assembly 68 is present. The higher strength in Fig. 17 is achieved in that the one part pin 456 starting from its end face 470 has a shoulder 80 which can be accommodated in a blind hole 81 , which is provided by the other part pin 460 from its end face 472 starting . At the inner end of this blind bore, a spring device 468 is again seen, which bears between the end face of the shoulder 80 and the bottom surface of the blind bore 81, thus establishing the contact between the two partial pins 450 , 460 . These partial pins are in turn, in the manner already described, firmly and electrically connected to the two hinge parts 416 , 418 via corrugations, see also FIG. 17. The length of the partial pin 460 on the one hand and that of the part of the partial pin 456 which is not reduced in diameter are preferably selected in this way that the gap 83 remaining during assembly between the end faces 470 and 472 comes to lie approximately centrally within an extension 244 of the one hinge part 416 and, as a result, there is no reduction in the shear forces which can be absorbed.

Instead of a helical compression spring 468, a spring cage 468 according to FIG. 21C are provided, which is found again clearly in Fig. 23. This cage spring can be pushed onto a recessed area 84 of the extension 85 starting from the end face 570 and, when the partial pin 556 is inserted, lies in the area of the sack hole of the partial pin 560 on its inner walls, as shown in FIG. 22, enlarged. Compared to the embodiment of FIG. 18C, the embodiment according to FIG. 21C has the advantage that an increased number of contact points, for example four contact points on the inner wall of the bore 81 , can provide an even lower resistance.

Claims (7)

1. Screw-on hinge for grounded cabinet doors, equipment panels or the like., With two metal-made hinge parts (16, 18) which are connected by means of a hinge pin assembly (20) of metal pivotally together, the hinge pin arrangement (20) with its one end ( 52 ) in which one hinge part (for example 18 ) is mechanically fixed and electrically conductive, and extends with its other end (for example 70 ) or another area into the other hinge part ( 16 ), characterized in that it is provided that an electrically conductive Federein direction (68), the metallic contact surfaces (70, 72) of the one hinge member (18) mechanically and electrically connected to the hinge pin (56) or an electrically connected thereto part (z. B. 80 ) with corresponding metallic contact surfaces of the other hinge part in a non-positive and electrically conductive manner in all working positions of the hinge. 2. Screw-on hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the hinge pin device is in two parts ( Fig. 3C, Fig. 6C, Fig. 14, Fig. 15, Fig. 18C, Fig. 21C), wherein the one hinge pin part (e.g. . 56 ) with the one hinge part (e.g. 18 ) is mechanically fixed and electrically conductively connected (such as pressed, welded, soldered), while the other hinge pin part (e.g. 60 ) with the other hinge part (e.g. . 16 ) is also connected in a mechanically fixed and electrically conductive manner, and that the spring element (e.g. 68 ) is preferably a spring having a cylindrical shape, such as a compression spring or cage spring (e.g. 68 ), which is in an axial bore ( 58 , 66 ) at least one hinge part ( 16 ; 18 ) is received and contact surfaces of one hinge pin part (e.g. 70 ) with contact surfaces of the other hinge pin part (e.g. 72 ) or the other hinge part (e.g. 264 ) electrically connects. 3. Screw-on hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact surface from the end face of the end of the hinge pin ( 70 , 72 ) or the ends of the hinge pin parts are formed. 4. Screw-on hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact surface is formed by an end face of a hinge pin part approach ( 80 ), the pin part extends into an axial bore ( 81 ) of another hinge ( 460 ). 5. Screw-on hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact surface of the peripheral surface ( 84 ) of a hinge pin part approach ( 85 ) is formed, which extends into the axial bore of another hinge pin part ( 65 ), the spring element being a cage spring ( 568 ) , which is pushed onto the approach ( 85 , 84 ). 6. Screw-on hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that a friction-reducing metal ball ( 350 ) is arranged between the spring element ( 368 ) and contact surface ( 370 ). 7. Screw-on hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that the spring element ( 368 ) is arranged in an axial bore ( 373 ) which is formed by the one hinge pin part ( 360 ) or by a hinge part ( 216 ).