DE19651705C2 - Procedure for fumigation in two stages - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for killing harmful insect populations with the characteristics of Preamble of claim 1.

In EP 0 416 255 A1 a method is described, in a room is preheated, especially the walls, and then the warm gaseous carbon dioxide control agent is initiated in high concentration. This method has the disadvantage that the necessary, high heating is very energy consuming and thus the process in total velvet becomes uneconomical.

In the publication "Structures 7/92" is a procedural described in which methyl bromide in a church Interior is initiated and thereby the pests in the Kill frame of a contact time. The exposure times take a few days, which in fumigations of z. B. mills It is hardly conceivable, as a loss of production lasting several days is extremely uneconomical.

In the publication "Proceedings of the first ICIPUE, Cambridge, 1993, pp. 51-55" a method is described in which sulfuryl fluoride is introduced into a church interior and very high concentrations up to 36 g / m ³ of fumigantium in the church interior must be introduced so that all stages of the wood pests, including their eggs, die off. Since, in particular, the eggs of storage pests are particularly resistant to fumigants, in fumigations of storage hoppers, grain carriers / silos, mills, etc., generally even higher concentrations must be used, in particular up to 70 g fumigantium / cbm. Since storage tanks, mills, etc. are relatively leaky and the gas can hardly be kept in such high concentrations, on the one hand there is a loss of efficiency, since effective gas concentrations become too low for you over time and, on the other hand, such high concentrations cause emission levels. or immission problems, in particular in neighboring residential buildings, businesses, etc.

In the reference Valentin, N. & Preusser, F., Insect Control by Inert Gases in Museums, Archives and Libraries In: Restaurator, 1990, 11, 22-33, is on it pointed out that the adults and larvae are more sensitive a nitrogen atmosphere react as the pupae and Eggs. When focusing on killing the larvae Although it may be low, it can be over the dolls and eggs live. Should the dolls and Eggs must be killed, a high concentration of Be selected treatment agent.

From WO 80/02 097 A1 is a repeated fogging of a building, for example a stable, to the Abtö tion of pests known. It is essential that the room remains usable during the exposure time and the Device for carrying out the method fixed in the Building is installed. In WO 80/02 097 A1 is ange give that the operation of the device according to the Reproduction cycle of insects can be controlled. On the stages of the reproductive cycle (fly eggs) this procedure is not voted on.

In particular, in the fumigant Sulfurylfluorid, wel Ches is a very bad ovicide, are very high gas required for very long periods of time, in particular to kill the eggs of the storage pests.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method  to suggest a fumigantium conditions with low fumigant concentrations nevertheless a complete control of insect pests or storage pests is reached.

The above problem is solved by the characteristics of the Patent claim 1.

The killing of the detected insects takes place population in the treatment room by fumigation with a gaseous control agent in two stages, with in the first stage all adults, larvae and pupae of the Insects are killed, however, the very difficult and elaborately killing eggs of insects only in part or not destroyed at all. After a latency the first stage will be followed by a second stage of fumigation switched, in the larvae, nymphs and pupae that are from the eggs not killed at the first stage meanwhile have been developed to be killed. IMP EXP velvet are seen all pest insects in the treatment cleared, without all the eggs completely decomposing had to be.

It is so in the context of a first fumigation after suffi The sealing of the treatment room is only so high Dosage of sulfuryl fluoride chosen, the adults, Larvae, nymphs, Hypopus nymphs and pupae of the Schadinsek kills.  

Here, the dosage is chosen so low to we at least kill all larvae, nymphs, hypopus nymphs and pupae. The gas dosages must preferably be so high that even diapausierende larvae or diapausierende stages be destroyed. The period between the two fumigation stages is chosen so that in the second fumigation neither mature adults nor eggs in the room to be fumigated or are present in the goods to be fumigated. As soon as sexually mature adults present Copulation can take place and a corresponding oviposition with new eggs possible. The fumigation method would then be completely unsuccessful. The period between the two Bega On the one hand, it is the presence of pests and their biology or Le Depending on the rhythm, but also on the temperature and the duration of maturation adult, duration of copulation and developmental period of larvae, nymphs or dolls. Surprisingly, it has been shown in Begasungsversuchen that after the first Fumigation with sulfuryl fluoride against larvae, pupae, nymphs and adults that did not kill Eggs develop less rapidly than under normal conditions d. H. without presence or Influence of a fumigant. Sulfuryl fluoride-fumigated eggs develop their eggs non-killing Sulfurylfluorid concentration significantly or conspicuously later than eggs under Nor  painting conditions, d. H. without the presence or influence of sulfuryl fluoride. Will this circumstance not observed, then have survived at the second fumigation at the first fumigation The eggs have not yet developed into young larvae or larvae and are still at the second Fumigation still present and will not be detected and killed here. In continuation of the Invention is therefore the period of delayed egg development in the timing of the two Bega to calculate in the calculation. Especially in eggs of insects of the species Sitophilus granari us, Acarus siro, Tribolium confusum, Stegobium paniceum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Tenebrio molitor, Ephestia elutella, Ephestia kuehniella, Plodia interpunctella, Anobium punctatum, Trogo derma granarium, Lasioderma serricorne, Rhizopertha dominica are periods of delayed Development from a few days to a few weeks, especially about two weeks, possible. Surprisingly, it was found that the delay of the egg development so larger, the lower the temperature is. Since fumigation or the Bega orienting agent concentrations at room temperature, has now been tested Surprisingly, it emerges that the temperature and humidity of the substrate in which the storage pests live or the wall temperatures of the rooms or the underground on the The pests live or lay their eggs, which is crucial for the development of the egg according to him fumigation and not so much the room temperature.

Treatment rooms in the sense of the invention can be all rooms in which pests occur and are undesirable herein or in which organic goods are stored, introduced, set up, be processed or transhipped or incurred, whether as a principal or by-product or Waste product: churches, mills, warehouses, food processing companies, chambers, Sacksta pel, games or tents and bubbles.

Table 1 shows the economically most important pests in tabular form as well as their norma egg development time incl. the duration of oviposition and the egg development duration incl. the development delay induced by the sulfuryl fluoride fumigation and also the Lar Development time in the temperature range of 15 ° C-30 ° C. The invention can selbstver Of course, also on other pests, such. B. from the families Acaridae, Glycyphagidae, Car poglyphidae, Pyroglyphidae, Tarsonemidae, Blattellidae, Blattidae, Ostomidae, Nitidulidae, Cucu jidae, Cryptophagidae, Mycetophagidae, Dermestidae, Cleridae, Lyctidae, Bostrychidae, Anobii dae, Ptinidae, Tenebrionidae, Cerambycidae, Bruchidae, Curculionidae, Tineidae, Gelechiidae, Oecophoridae, Pyralidae and Drosophilidae are used.

In order to avoid that in the second fumigation eggs of pests in the treatment room are present, this should at least after the "shortest SO ₂ F _2- induced delayed egg development time" of the respective pest (see column 3 first numerical value, Tab. 1) Runaway leads but at the latest after the time from the "longest larval developmental period" plus the "longest SO ₂ F ₂ -induced delayed development time" (see column 4 second numerical value and column 3 second numerical value, table 1). Preferably, because of temperature fluctuations in practice and thus hardly predictable development times, the time period after the first fumigation to a maximum of the time sum of the "shortest SO ₂ F ₂ -induzier th delayed egg development time" and the "shortest larval development time" set. This has been proven in practical experiments, since it is more favorable that some eggs, whose development into larvae was not yet completely completed, survive, than that new (undamaged) eggs are laid in large numbers. Moreover, the time for the pupal stage is still a buffer between larval development time and adult appearance. Since the pupal stages generally require higher fumigantium concentrations for 100% mortality than larval stages, the second fumigation is preferably carried out during the period of larval development, ie even before the appearance of pupae. The pupil development time (see Tab. 2) as well as, in exceptional cases, the time of appearance of adults who are not yet mature in sex can, however, be added between the two fumigations at the time available (see Table 3). The maximum shortest and maximum longest waiting time between the two fumigation stages against the respective pest in the temperature range 30-15 ° C are given in Table 3. In the presence of several pests, it is preferable to set the waiting times resulting from the pest having the longest SO ₂ F ₂ -induced delayed egg development time, with the SO ₂ F ₂ concentrations at the most tolerant pest or its tolerant stem stage (either Larva or nymph or hypopasta or pupa). However, it must be ruled out that within the waiting time from the eggs of the remaining, present pests with shorter development cycles, mature adults develop. That is, the maximum duration of egg development delay of the pest having the longest egg development duration may not be longer than the shortest egg development to adult development time for all other present pest species. This ensures that all harmful insect populations die in the treat- ment space.

O. g. is exemplified by the infestation by Sitophilus granarius (corn beetle) in a mill. This means that at the first fumigation, if this is finished within for example 12 hours it should be, for. B. 16 g / cbm Sulfurylfluorid be applied (dosage depends on the Leakage of the mill) and after a waiting period of at least 22 days (Shortest Lar development time 19 days + shortest development time 3 days = 22 days) becomes a second Fumigation with Sulfurylfluorid downstream (to the 22 days could still depending on the temperature  5-30 days pupal development time = 27 resp. 52 days total waiting time time) and again within z. B. gassed for 12 hours at 16 g / cbm.

It would also be possible to add the two fumigations within each 24 hour exposure time For example, to carry out about 20 ° C and thereby the concentration of sulfuryl fluoride 8 g / cbm to reduce. This may be necessary in particular for densely built-up treatment environment or mill environments. Of course, the first Bega would also be conceivable within 12 hours at 16 g / cbm and the second fumigation after 30 days with 8 g / cbm over a period of 24 hours with the same leakage of the mill. before The fumigation of stocks etc. in periods of 12 to 24 hours, max. 48 Hours performed to reduce the production loss z. B. in a mill or in a living medium to keep processing operations as low as possible. At fumigation times of 48 hours (Exposure time), the sulfuryl fluoride concentration can even be reduced to 0.4 to 7 g / cbm, depending on the temperature and leakage of the mill or the room to be fumigated. The Gaskonzen The higher the temperature, the higher the density, and the higher the temperature the mill is. For fumigations in churches or warehouses, etc. can of course be length re exposure times take place, in particular 48 to 96 h.

In continuation of the invention, it is possible by increasing the temperature of the room air or Substrates or Vorratsgüter the fumigation (exposure) of sulfuryl fluoride or to lower its concentration even further. In a preferred manner can also be before the Introducing the sulfuryl fluoride gas into the room to be treated (mill, food processing tender operation, etc.) a respiration rate of the insect increasing gas such. B. carbon dioxide, enforce. Convenient concentrations of 3-30 vol.% Carbon dioxide have proven. In addition, carbon dioxide acts as a carrier gas for sulfuryl fluoride in the treatment to be treated Goods, that is, where the pests are usually located.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the period between the two Begasungsetappen used to at the end of the first fumigation insect traps, in particular Introduce pheromone traps in the rooms to be treated and these regularly or regularly or sporadically check whether adults can catch. As soon as adults, so beetles or Moths of stock or wood pests are caught immediately becomes the second fumigation in the Treatment room performed to immediately rule out that by copulating the insects new eggs are dropped. This prevents that in the second fumigation, yes only ins special against (adults), larvae, nymphs and pupae acts on the eggs of insect pests  are present. It has proved beneficial, immediately after catching a single adult, the second To perform fumigation.

By the invention it is achieved that a complete pest control and thus completely permanent infestation takes place in the infestation room and only very low fumigant concentrations, in particular sulfuryl fluoride concentrations, must be used, where by in the objects to be fumigated, stored goods, etc. only very small residues the fumigants or their decomposition or hydrolysis products or degradation products are present. This is particularly important, since certain maximum stocks are legally applicable to certain stocks of foodstuffs and foodstuffs which must not be exceeded, otherwise the goods may not be placed on the market. The concentrations of sulfuryl fluoride based on the invention are in the range of 0.2 to 15 g / m ³ and thus "below" or "very far below" the previous concentrations according to the prior art, for. As indicated in the Pflan zenschutzmittelverzeichnis BBA 1996, p 22 (namely 70 g / m ³ , such as for methyl bromide). A much more economical and environmentally friendly use of sulfuryl fluoride is thus possible by the invention.

Exemplary embodiments are shown schematically in FIGS. 1-24, with examples having particularly low dosages being taken into account. Here, ( 1 ) = stock, ( 2 ) = mill (or church, food processing plant, storage, silo, lot or sack stack, etc.), ( 3 ) = insect eggs, ( 4 ) = larva / nymph, ( 5 ) = doll , ( 6 ) = beetles and / or moths, wherein ( 3 ) - ( 6 ) in or on the stock or in the treatment room ( 2 ), z. B. on the walls or Rit zen and columns, are.

The room temperature or temperature of the material to be treated ( 1 ) in Fig. 1, for example, 25 ° C and the tightness of the sealed mill ( 2 ) 7 h, measured as the half-life of the gas loss. There is, for example, grain beetle infestation (Sitophilus granarius).

At time A is z. B. with the pheromone trap monitoring or with a visual inspection or acoustic detection to check for the presence of storage or wood pests started to monitor a mill or church. Be in the period t ₁ , that is from AB, z. Beetle ( 6 ) or moth ( 6 ') harmful insects, in the present case, grain beetle (Sitophilus grana rius) caught, then the mill is sealed and at time B with z. Sulfurylfluord SO ₂ F ₂ (possible would be carbonyl sulfide or methylphosphine) with a initial or Maxi malkonzentration of 2 g / cbm fumigated in a period of about 12 hours after the introduction of sulfuryl fluoride. In the process, the adults (beetles) ( 6 ) as well as pupae ( 5 ) and larvae ( 4 ) and possibly even the eggs ( 3 ), in particular sensitive eggs ( 3 ), are killed. In the period C at the end of the contact time t ₂ when the sulfuryl fluoride concentration has dropped to 0.6 g / cbm due to the leakage of the mill with a half-life of t _1/2 = 7 h, the mill is vented and is re-enterable, since the entire Sulfurylfluorid was removed from the treatment room ( 2 ). In point C is then begun in a preferred embodiment of the invention with another pheromone fall monitoring to monitor that under no circumstances adults ( 6 ) Kings develop NEN. In the period B to C or C to D, ie within t ₂ and t ₃ , the development of the surviving eggs ( 3 ) of the first fumigation BC takes place. After complete development of all eggs ( 3 ) into larvae ( 4 ) (in case of Sitophilus granarius within 3-30 days, see Table 1, Column 3), maximum of all eggs ( 3 ) via larvae ( 4 ) to pupae ( 5 ) ( in the case of Sitophilus granarius within 27-120 days, see Table 1, Column 3 + Column 4 + Tab. 2, Column 2), the second fumigation DE is then carried out at time D. It is also z. B. 2 g / cbm Sulfurylfluorid as initial dosage to be carried out within a period of about 12 hours, the Sulfuryl fluoride concentration by similar leaks as in the first Fumigation (deviations can occur primarily by wind, etc.) back to ca 0.6 g / cbm (final concentration) has dropped. At time E, the treatment room (mill) ( 2 ) is ventilated. At point E ₄ larvae ( 4 ) and pupae ( 5 ) are then killed by the second fumigation DE in the period D to E or within the contact time t, without it would have come to a re-oviposition. In period B to E (= t ₂ , t ₃ , t ₄ ), the entire population of pests, in the present case, grain beetle population, is extinguished.

It is possible to lower the concentration of sulfuryl fluoride during the time of exposure (wanted, by eg suction, or unintentionally, by eg natural gas loss) or kon constantly or partially constant or increase.

Fig. 2 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but with infestation by Sitophilus grana rius, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 4 g / m ³ . The ventilation of the mill, however, takes place in each case at a sulfuryl fluoride concentration of about 1.2 g / m ³ .

Fig. 3 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but with infestation by Sitophilus grana rius, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 2 g / m ³ ; In this example, the Anfangskon concentration as shown in Fig. 1 with 2 g Sulfurylfluorid / m ³ given because the leakage of the mill with 7 h half-life to achieve the required insect mortality no lowering of the initial concentration below 2 g / m ³ permits, although the exposure time of sulfuryl fluoride was increased from 12 h to 48 h.

. Fig. 4 shows an invention implementation as shown in Figure 1, but with infestation by Sitophilus grana Rius, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 hours, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2 max} = 3 g / m ³ .

Fig. 5 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but tobacco warehouse infected by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 15 g / m ³ .

Fig. 6 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but tobacco warehouse attacked by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 8 g / m ³ .

Fig. 7 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but tobacco storage attack by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 11 g / m ³ .

Fig. 8 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but tobacco storage attack by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 6 g / m ³ .

FIG. 9 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 1, but the concentration of sulfuryl fluoride is kept constant over the contact time t ₂ or t ₄ and infested by Sitophilus granarius, T = 25 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 1.4 g / m ³ . The leakage of the mill plays a un subordinated role, as gas losses are constantly ausgegli chen to keep the gas concentration constant.

Fig. 10 shows an implementation of the invention as shown in Fig. 1, but the concentration of sulphuryl fluoride is kept constant over the exposure time and infestation by Sitophilus granarius, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 0.4 g / m ³ .

FIG. 11 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 1, but the concentration of sulphuryl fluoride is kept constant over the exposure time and attack by Sitophilus granarius, T = 15 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, c _SO 2 _F 2 = 2 , 4 g / m ³ .

FIG. 12 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 1, but the concentration of sulphuryl fluoride is kept constant over the exposure time and attack by Sitophilus granarius, T = 15 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 0 , 6 g / m ³ .

Fig. 13 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but the concentration of sulfuryl fluoride over the exposure time in the tobacco store is kept constant and attack by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 8.9 g / m ³ .

Fig. 14 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but the concentration of sulphuryl fluoride is kept constant over the exposure time in the tobacco store and attack by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 2.3 g / m ³ .

FIG. 15 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 1, but the concentration of sulphofluorofluoride is kept constant over the exposure time in the tobacco store and attack by Lasi or ma serricorne, T = 25 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 4.9 g / m ³ .

FIG. 16 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 1, but the concentration of sulphuryl fluoride is kept constant over the exposure time in the tobacco store and attacked by Lasioderma serricorne, T = 25 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2} = 1.2 g / m ³ .

Fig. 17 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 6 g / m ³ . It means: ( 1 ) = material to be treated, ( 2 ) = mill, ( 3 ) = eggs, ( 4 ) = larvae, ( 5 ) = pupae, ( 6 ) = beetle = adults.

Fig. 18 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 4 g / m ³ .

Fig. 19 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but infested by Ephestia kueh niella, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 8 g / m ³ .

Fig. 20 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 11 g / m ³ .

Fig. 21 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 1, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella and Sitophilus granarius, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 6 g / m ³ . The Dosie tion is based on the most resistant pest, namely Ephestia kuehniella, so that the Dosie tion as in Fig. 17 is relevant. It means: ( 1 ) = treated or stored material, ( 2 ) mill, ( 3 ) = eggs of Sitophilus granarius, ( 4 ) = larvae of Sitophilus granarius, ( 5 ) = pupae of Sitophilus granarius, ( 6 ) = beetle = Adults of Sitophilus granarius, ( 3 ') = eggs of Ephestia kuehniella, ( 4 ') = larvae of Ephestia kuehniella, ( 5 ') = pupae of Ephestia kuehniella, ( 6 ') = adults = adults of Ephestia kuehniella.

Fig. 22 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 21, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella and Sitophilus granarius, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 4 g / m ³ .

Fig. 23 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 21, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella and Sitophilus granarius, T = 15 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 8 g / m ³ .

Fig. 24 shows an implementation of the invention as in Fig. 21, but with infestation by Ephestia kueh niella and Sitophilus granarius, T = 25 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO2F2, max} = 11 g / m ³ .

The doses given in the examples Fig. 1 to 24 may be prepared by extension of reaction times and / or by increasing the temperature to preferably 20 to 10 ° C, in particular 25 to 35 ° C and / or the addition of 3 to 30 vol.% Carbon dioxide in the Treatment room air and / or at higher density of the treatment room with half-lives of 8 to 90 hours in particular again by 10 to 500%, mainly by 40 to 96%, lowered:

FIG. 25 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 1, but with tobacco deposits attacked by Lasi or serricorne, T = 15 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 48 h, t _1/2 = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2, max} = 3 g / m ³ .

FIG. 26 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 25, but with tobacco deposits attacked by Lasioderma serricorne, T = 35 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2; max} = 5 g / m ³ .

FIG. 27 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 25, but with tobacco deposits attacked by Lasioderma serricorne, T = 15 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 96 h, t _1/2 = 48 h, c _SO 2 _{F 2; max} = 2 g / m ³ .

FIG. 28 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 25, but with tobacco deposits attacked by Lasioderma serricorne, T = 35 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 96 h, t _1/2 = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2; max} = 1 g / m ³ .

FIG. 29 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 25, but with tobacco deposits attacked by Lasioderma serricorne, T = 15 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 12 h, t _1/2 = 7 h, c _{SO 2 F 2; max} = 9 g / m ³ and additional introduction of carbon dioxide in each case before the introduction of sulfuryl fluoride with an initial dosage of C _CO2 , _max = 8% by volume.

FIG. 30 shows an implementation of the invention as in FIG. 29, but with tobacco deposits attacked by Lasioderma serricorne, T = 35 ° C., t ₂ = t ₄ = 96 h, t _1/2 = 48 h, c _{SO 2 F 2, max} = 0, 6 g / m ³ and additional introduction of carbon dioxide in each case before the introduction of sulfuryl fluoride with an initial dosage of C _CO2 , _max = 8% by volume.

Fig. 31 shows an inventive implementation as in Fig. 1, but church ( 2 ) with infestation by Ano bium punctate, T = 22 ° C, t ₂ = t ₄ = 60 h, t _1/2 = 75 h, initial dosage of the first fumigation c _{SO2F2 max} = 6 g / m ^3, the second initial dosage fumigation c _{SO2F2 max} = 4 g / m ^3. In the second fumigation, the initial dosage of sulfuryl fluoride is reduced from 6 g / m ³ to 4 g / m ³ , as in the second fumigation only against more sensitive larvae ( 4 ) and no longer against the more resistant pupae ( 5 ) of Anobium punctatum must be dosed as in the first fumigation, since the larval stage of Anobium punctatum takes a long time (years) until at all dolls are formed again. In addition: ( 1 ) = wooden objects, ( 3 ) = eggs, ( 6 ) = beetles.

It is also possible that the exposure times and / or initial dosages of first and second fumigation, especially if the temperatures in the treatment room or items to be treated are different in the first and second fumigation. It is possible Also, the treatment gas concentration in the first fumigation to keep constant and in the second fumigation during the exposure time or vice versa. In addition, can also the first fumigation would be mixed fumigation with carbon dioxide and the second fumigation a fumigation without mixing carbon dioxide or vice versa.

Further details emerge from the tables, figures and subclaims.  

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

PEST DEVELOPMENT TIME OF THE DOLLS AFTER THE FIRST FUMIGATION IN [d] IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE 30-15 ° C Sitophilus granarius 5-30 Acarus siro no doll stage Tribolium confusum 5-11 Stegobium paniceum 12-18 Oryzaephilus surinamensis 3-25 Tenebrio molitor 6-60 Ephestia elutella 14-22 Ephestia kuehniella 8-70 Plodia interpunctella 7-43 Anobium punctatum 10-22 Trogoderma granarium 2-23 Lasioderma serricorne 3-21 Rhyzopertha dominica 5-12

Tab. 3

PEST MAXIMUM SHORTEST AND MAXIMUM LONGEST POSSIBLE WAITING PERIOD AFTER FIRST FUMIGATION IN DAYS [d] IN TEMPERATURE RANGE 30-15 ° C Sitophilus granarius 3-120 Acarus siro 3-40 Tribolium confusum 4-191 Stegobium paniceum 6-208 Oryzaephilus surinamensis 3-135 Tenebrio molitor 4-775 Ephestia elutella 2-382 Ephestia kuehniella 2-184 Plodia interpunctella 1.5 to 361 Anobium punctatum 12-2552 Trogoderma granarium 4-113 Lasioderma serricorne 5-127 Rhyzopertha dominica 25-107

Claims (23)

1. A method of killing harmful insect populations on or in wood articles, storage or warehousing goods, food and organic waste or on machines, wall surfaces, crevices and cracks in treatment rooms made sufficiently sealed or sealed, such as churches, mills, Warehouses, food processing establishments, chambers, sacks of bags, batches or tents are present or present, by the action of a fumigant or several fumigants, characterized
that during a first exposure time especially adults, such as beetles, moths, mite, as well as larvae, nymphs incl. Hypopusnymph, dolls and particularly sensitive eggs are killed by low concentration of fumigantium or fumigants,
then the fumigant or fumigants are removed from the treatment room (s) and / or
after the lapse of a waiting period, in which the resistant eggs surviving from the first exposure time to the next stage, such as larvae or nymph stage or even to the next but one stage, such as puppets, have evolved a maximum of not yet mature adults,
a second exposure time of fumigantium or fumigans with low concentration takes place, during which the Einachfolgestadien, such as larvae, nymphs incl. Hypopusnymphen as well as pupae and not sexually mature, so not capable of ovipositing, adults are killed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the insect populations are material or storage pests of the families Acaridae, Glycyphagidae, Carpoglyphidae, Pyroglyphidae, Tarsonemidae, Blattellidae, Blattidae, Ostomidae, Nitidulidae, Cucujidae, Cryptophagidae, Mycetophagidae, Dermestidae, Cleridae, Lyctidae, Bostrychidae, Anobiidae, Ptinidae, Tenebrionidae, Cerambycidae, Bruchidae, Curculio nidae, Tineidae, Gelechiidae, Oecophoridae, Pyralidae and Drosophilidae, in particular to Sitophilus granarius, Acarus siro, Tribolium confusum, Stegobium paniceum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Tenebrio molitor, Ephestia elutella, Ephestia kuehniella, Plodia interpunctella, Anobium punctatum, Trogoderma granarium, Lasioderma serricorne and Rhizopertha dominica.   3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the fumigantium or the fumigants are sulfuryl fluoride and / or methane sul Fonylfluorid and / or formates, in particular methyl or ethyl formate, and / or organic Cyanides, in particular methyl cyanide, and / or phosphines, in particular phosphine or Me thylphosphine, and / or carbonyl sulfide and / or methyl isothiocyanate. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized
that the waiting time for the pest to be controlled
Sitophilus granarius results in 3-120 days and for
Acarus siro results to 3-40 days and for
Tribolium confusum results to 4-191 days and for
Stegobium paniceum results in 6-208 days and for
Oryzaephilus surinamensis results in 3-135 days and for
Tenebrio molitor results in 4-775 days and for
Ephestia elutella results in 2-382 days and for
Ephestia kuehniella results in 2-184 days and for
Plodia interpunctella results in 1.5-361 days and for
Anobium punctatum results in 15-2552 days and for
Trogoderma granarium results in 4-113 days and for
Lasioderma serricorne results in 5-127 days and for
Rhyzopertha dominica results to 25-107 days. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized
that in the presence of several different pests, the waiting time is always on the pest ling with the maximum longest Fumigantium-induced delayed Eientwicklungsdauer, abstei ing this are
Tribolium confusum with 80 days,
Ephestia elutella with 60 days,
Stegobium paniceum and Trogoderma granarium with 40 days,
Lasioderma serricorne with 36 days,
Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Rhizopertha dominica with 35 days,
Sitophilus granarius, Tenebrio molitor, Ephestia kuehniella, Plodia interpunctella and Anobium punctatum with 30 days and
Acarus siro with 15 days, oriented
and
It is excluded that the pests with shorter Fumigantium-induced delayed Eientwicklungsdauer can develop from the egg to adult sexually, thereby ent neither takes place a third exposure or at the second fumigation a higher dosage of / the fumigantiums / s is used, which also Killing eggs of the pests with shorter fumed gum-induced delayed egg development time. 6. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the concentrations of sulfuryl fluoride and / or methanesulfonyl fluoride and / or the For miate, in particular methyl or ethyl formate, and / or the organic cyanides, in particular Methyl cyanide, and / or the phosphines, in particular phosphine or methylphosphine, and / or of carbonyl sulfide and / or of methyl isothiocyanate between 0.1 and 65 g / cbm, preferably between 0.1 and 16 g / cbm, more preferably between 0.1 and 15 g / cbm. 7. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that during the waiting period between the two fumigations in the treatment room Phero monfallen ready for catching or placed in the treatment room pheromone traps ready to catch and at the latest after the capture of a first adult the second fumigation or second Exposure time takes place. 8. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the exposure times of the first and second fumigation are each between about 2 and 144 hours, preferably between 12 and 48 hours.   9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, the fumigantium (s) in the treatment room are mixed with carbon dioxide, in particular especially with concentrations of from 3 to 30% by volume of carbon dioxide, and / or the material to be treated or room temperature is increased, in particular by 5 to 25 ° C, preferably up to 35 ° C, before given before the administration of fumigantium or fumigants. 10. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the exposure time of the first fumigation is longer or shorter than that of the second fumigation. 11. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the fumigantium starting concentration (s) of the first fumigation is higher than that of the first fumigation second fumigation. 12. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the fumigantium initial concentration (s) of the first fumigation are lower than those of the first fumigation second fumigation.   13. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized
that in the first fumigation the fumigantium dosage (s) or the initial fumigantium concentration (s) is / are chosen to be lethal during the exposure time to adults and / or larvae and / or nymphs and / or hypopastadias and / or pupae / and in the second fumigation the fumigantium dosage (s) or the fumigant-to-initial concentration (s) is / are chosen so that it kills / kills the larvae during the reaction time
and the waiting time between the first fumigation and the second fumigation is selected so that only larvae are present in the treatment room and / or material to be treated during the second fumigation. 14. The method according to claim 13 characterized, that in controlling the pests of the Anobiidae and / or Lyctidae families Waiting time 6 to 736 days, preferably 6 to 21 days, more preferably 6 to 18 days. 15. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the space and / or storage material and / or wood temperature / s during the first fumigation is lower than those during the second fumigation. 16. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the space and / or storage material and / or wood temperature / s during the first fumigation is higher than during the second fumigation.   17. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the leakage and / or air exchange rate during the first fumigation on average higher is / are as the during the second fumigation. 18. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the leakage and / or air exchange rate during the first fumigation on average low ger is / are considered the during the second fumigation. 19. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the final fumigant concentrations of the first fumigation are lower than those of the first fumigant second fumigation. 20. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the fumigantium final concentration (s) of the first fumigation is higher than that of the two fumigation. 21. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that after the second fumigation a third fumigation is followed.   22. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that in the presence of several different pests, the initial concentrations of the / Fumigants / anti-fumigants / most resistant pest ren / oriented. 23. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, in the presence of several different pests, the exposure time (s) of the fumi which is geared towards / against the fumigant / most resistant pest.