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DE19648353A1 - Electrochemical storage battery e.g. for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Electrochemical storage battery e.g. for electric vehicle

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Publication number
DE19648353A1
DE19648353A1 DE1996148353 DE19648353A DE19648353A1 DE 19648353 A1 DE19648353 A1 DE 19648353A1 DE 1996148353 DE1996148353 DE 1996148353 DE 19648353 A DE19648353 A DE 19648353A DE 19648353 A1 DE19648353 A1 DE 19648353A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
housing
storage battery
battery according
heat
electrochemical storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE1996148353
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Herbert Dr Kranz
Peter Catchpole
Robert Dr Hoeppler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority to DE1996148353 priority Critical patent/DE19648353A1/en
Publication of DE19648353A1 publication Critical patent/DE19648353A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

An electrochemical storage battery has a double walled evacuated housing, the space (2,3) between the walls being connected to a vacuum pump. The housing consists of several parts which can each be connected to the pump. The housing can be ventilated by valves. The inter-wall space serves as a heat-exchanger of an air heating/cooling device. The housing has a removable part in which a separate volume is available for a heat-exchanger medium. The walls of the inter-wall space have a reflecting coating.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine elektrochemische Speicherbatterie mit einem doppelwandigen, evakuierten Gehäuse. Eine derartige Batterie ist aus der DE 43 23 499 A1 bekannt. Bei derartigen Speicherbatterien, die bevorzugt in Elektrofahrzeu­ gen verbaut werden, ist es erforderlich, die Betriebstemperatur in einem mehr oder weniger kleinen Bereich zu halten. Beispiele hierfür sind Hochtemperaturbatterien wie Na/S- bzw. Na/NiCl2-Batterien sowie Raumtemperaturbatterien, wie Li/C-, Ni/Cd- oder Ni/MeH-Batterien.The invention relates to an electrochemical storage battery with a double-walled, evacuated housing. Such a battery is from DE 43 23 499 A1 known. In such storage batteries, which are preferred in electric vehicles installed, it is necessary to increase the operating temperature in a more or to keep less small area. Examples of this are high-temperature batteries such as Na / S or Na / NiCl2 batteries as well as room temperature batteries such as Li / C, Ni / Cd or Ni / MeH batteries.

Bei bekannten derartigen Speicherbatterien ist das Gehäuse vakuumdicht ver­ schweißt. Da das Vakuum für die Lebensdauer der Batterie intakt bleiben muß, werden an die Schweißverbindungen hohe Anforderungen gestellt. Die Speicherbat­ terien selbst müssen in einigen Betriebszuständen gekühlt werden. Die Kühlung erfolgt üblicherweise, indem ein Luftstrom durch die Batterie geführt oder eine Öl­ kühlung vorgesehen wird. Bei einer Luftkühlung ist die Homogenität der Kühlung häufig unbefriedigend. Bei der Ölkühlung befinden sich eine oder mehrere Wärme­ tauscherplatten in der Batterie, die schwer zugänglich sind und im Reparaturfall aufwendige und umfangreiche Maßnahmen erfordern. In known such storage batteries, the housing is vacuum-tight ver welds. Since the vacuum must remain intact for the life of the battery, high demands are placed on the welded joints. The storage bat teries themselves have to be cooled in some operating conditions. The cooling is usually done by passing an air flow through the battery or an oil cooling is provided. With air cooling is the homogeneity of the cooling often unsatisfactory. There is one or more heat in the oil cooling exchanger plates in the battery that are difficult to access and in the event of repair require complex and extensive measures.  

Speicherbatterien der eingangs genannten Art sind aufgrund der festen Schweiß­ verbindungen mit wirtschaftlichem Aufwand bei Defekten praktisch nicht reparier­ bar. Die im Reparaturfall erforderlichen Maßnahmen wie Aufschneiden der Umhül­ lung, Reparatur, vakuumdichtes Verschweißen und Evakuieren ist mit werkstatt­ mäßigen Werkzeugen schwerlich zu bewerkstelligen. Dies wirkt sich besonders dann aus, wenn eine Reparatur aufgrund eines Trivialproblems, z. B. wegen des Ausfalls eines Temperatursensors erforderlich ist. Bei einer Ölkühlung ist, wie be­ reits ausgeführt, der konstruktive Aufwand erheblich und teuer. Insbesondere bei großvolumigen Speicherbatterien ist die Ölkühlung relativ schwer. Daraus ergeben sich Probleme für die mechanische Stabilität beim Einsatz in einem Elektrofahr­ zeug.Storage batteries of the type mentioned are due to the solid sweat Connections with economic effort in the case of defects practically not repairable bar. The measures required in the event of a repair, such as cutting the casing lungs, repairs, vacuum-tight welding and evacuation are all part of the workshop difficult tools to accomplish. This has a particular impact from when a repair due to a trivial problem, e.g. B. because of Failure of a temperature sensor is required. With oil cooling, as be already carried out, the design effort considerable and expensive. Especially at large-volume storage batteries, oil cooling is relatively difficult. Resulting from it problems for mechanical stability when used in an electric vehicle stuff.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine elektrochemische Speicherbatterie mit einem doppelwandigen evakuierten Gehäuse zu schaffen, die leichter zugäng­ lich ist und bei einer Reparatur einen geringen Aufwand erfordert.The invention has for its object an electrochemical storage battery with a double-walled evacuated housing to create easier access Lich and requires little effort for a repair.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem by the features of claim 1.

Mit Hilfe der Vakuumpumpe ist es möglich, im Bedarfsfall den Innenraum des Ge­ häuses zu evakuieren. Die Anforderungen an die Fertigungsqualität von Schweiß­ nähten und dergleichen lassen sich dadurch reduzieren, da im Bedarfsfall das Va­ kuum durch die Pumpe eingestellt bzw. verbessert werden kann. Andererseits ist es möglich, das Gehäuse auch gezielt oder beispielsweise durch eine vorhandene relativ geringe Undichtigkeit ungezielt zu belüften, um beispielsweise eine Wärme­ abfuhr aus dem Bereich der Speicherzellen in das Innere des Gehäuses und über eine gegebenenfalls vorhandene Spülung des Innenraums nach außen durchzufüh­ ren.With the help of the vacuum pump, it is possible, if necessary, the interior of the Ge to evacuate the house. The requirements for the manufacturing quality of sweat Seams and the like can be reduced because the Va vacuum can be adjusted or improved by the pump. On the other hand, it is possible, the housing also specifically or for example by an existing to vent relatively little leakage in a targeted manner, for example to heat discharge from the area of the memory cells into the interior of the housing and over to carry out an optional flushing of the interior to the outside ren.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 2 bis 6. Anhand der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung weiter erläutert. Es zeigtAdvantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the claims 2 to 6. The invention is further explained with the aid of the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1 die schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Speicherbatterie und Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a storage battery according to the invention and

Fig. 2 eine alternative Ausführungsform hierzu. Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment.

Eine Batterie 1 wird mit einer mindestens doppelwandigen Ummantelung 2, 3 aus vakuumdichtem und, bei Bedarf, temperaturbeständigem Material eingeschlossen. Mit Hilfe einer im Fahrzeug fest installierten, nicht dargestellten Vakuumpumpe werden die Zwischenräume 2', 3' der Ummantelung der Batterie 1 evakuiert. Vaku­ umpumpen werden bereits im Automobilbereich verwendet, z. B. zum Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks für das Bremsaggregat. Diese Pumpe kann auch im Rahmen der Erfindung eingesetzt werden.A battery 1 is enclosed with an at least double-walled casing 2 , 3 made of vacuum-tight and, if necessary, temperature-resistant material. The spaces 2 ', 3 ' of the casing of the battery 1 are evacuated with the aid of a vacuum pump, not shown, which is permanently installed in the vehicle. Vacuum pumping are already used in the automotive sector, e.g. B. for generating a vacuum for the brake unit. This pump can also be used in the context of the invention.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn man die Ummantelung nach Volumina getrennt evakuieren und belüften kann. Hierzu ist ein System von vakuumdichten Ventilen 2'', 3'' vorzu­ sehen. Die Vakuumpumpe wird hierdurch nur im Bedarfsfall betrieben und evakuiert nur die Teilvolumina 2 und 3, deren Vakuum keine ausreichende Wärmeisolierung mehr erzeugt. Andere Teilvolumina werden öfter bedarfsmäßig belüftet und dienen als Wärmetauscher einer Luftheiz-Kühlung (vgl. Fig. 1 und 2). Die Außenflächen der an der Vakuumpumpe anschließbaren Teilvolumina sind die Seitenflächen, wäh­ rend die Teilvolumina, deren Außenflächen die Ober- und Unterseiten bilden, zum Temperieren ausgelegt sind.It is advantageous if the casing can be evacuated and vented separately according to volume. For this purpose, a system of vacuum-tight valves 2 '', 3 '' is to be provided. As a result, the vacuum pump is only operated when necessary and only evacuates subvolumes 2 and 3 , the vacuum of which no longer generates sufficient thermal insulation. Other partial volumes are more often ventilated as required and serve as heat exchangers for air heating and cooling (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The outer surfaces of the partial volumes that can be connected to the vacuum pump are the side surfaces, while the partial volumes, the outer surfaces of which form the upper and lower sides, are designed for tempering.

Die Wände der Ummantelung müssen durch geeignete Maßnahmen, z. B. Abstand­ haltern aus Isoliermaterial, vor dem Kollabieren des Zwischenraums durch den äu­ ßeren Luftdruck geschützt werden. Wenn die Strahlungsverluste nicht vernachläs­ sigbar sind, müssen Abhilfemaßnahmen, wie z. B. Verspiegeln der Wände, erfolgen.The walls of the casing must be taken by suitable measures, e.g. B. Distance holders made of insulating material, before the space collapses through the outer outside air pressure are protected. If the radiation losses are not neglected are sigbar, remedial measures, such. B. mirroring the walls.

Einige Flächen, z. B. der Deckel 3 und die Bodenfläche (nicht dargestellt) können, wie bereits erwähnt, auch als Wärmetauscher zum Temperieren der Batterie 1 die­ nen. Bei Luft als Medium müssen diese Flächen konstruktiv so ausgelegt sein, daß man ausreichend Luft durchblasen kann. Ist Öl als Medium erforderlich, können Ölwärmetauscher integriert werden. Reicht die hiermit erzeugte Heizleistung nicht aus, dann kann wie an sich bekannt, eine oder mehrere elektrische Heizplatten im Batterieinneren verlegt werden. Diese Platten sollten jedoch möglichst wärmedurch­ lässig sein, um die Wirkung der Mantelflächen nicht zu beeinträchtigen.Some areas, e.g. B. the lid 3 and the bottom surface (not shown) can, as already mentioned, also as a heat exchanger for tempering the battery 1 . With air as the medium, these surfaces must be designed so that sufficient air can be blown through. If oil is required as a medium, oil heat exchangers can be integrated. If the heating power generated in this way is not sufficient, then, as is known per se, one or more electrical heating plates can be installed inside the battery. However, these plates should be as heat permeable as possible so as not to impair the effect of the outer surfaces.

Vorteilhaft ist eine Realisierung, bei der die Vakuumpumpe im Bedarfsfall auch die Kühl- oder Heizluft durch die Teilvolumina 2', 3' der Ummantelung blasen und man die Teilvolumina zur Wärmeisolierung evakuieren kann (Siehe Fig. 2). Wenn dies nicht mit vertretbarem Aufwand realisiert werden kann oder der Temperaturbereich ungünstig ist, wird ein zusätzliches Gebläse benötigt.A realization is advantageous in which the vacuum pump can also blow the cooling or heating air through the sub-volumes 2 ', 3 ' of the casing and the sub-volumes can be evacuated for heat insulation (see Fig. 2). If this cannot be achieved with reasonable effort or the temperature range is unfavorable, an additional fan is required.

Aufwendiger ist eine Realisierung, wenn man den Innenraum der Ummantelung nicht auch zur Wärmeisolierung durch Evakuieren verwenden kann, weil z. B. die durchströmende Luft die Verspiegelung verschmutzt. Dann kann ein separater Wärmetauscher 5 in Verbindung mit einem Teilvolumen (hier 3) angeordnet sein (Fig. 2). In diesem Fall sind die betroffenen Teile der Ummantelung mindestens dreiwandig. Außerdem können dann andere Kühl-/Wärmemittel als Luft, wie z. B. Öl, verwendet werden, wenn z. B. die Leistung der Temperierung durch Luft nicht aus­ reicht, oder Geräuschprobleme entstehen.Implementation is more complex if the interior of the casing cannot also be used for thermal insulation by evacuation, because, for. B. the air flowing through the mirroring. Then a separate heat exchanger 5 can be arranged in connection with a partial volume (here 3 ) ( FIG. 2). In this case, the affected parts of the casing are at least three-walled. In addition, other cooling / heating agents than air, such as. B. oil can be used when e.g. B. the performance of the temperature control by air is not sufficient, or noise problems arise.

Durch eine geeignete Steuerung der Ventile 2'', 3'' wird ein bedarfsgerechtes Eva­ kuieren und Belüften/Temperieren der Teilvolumina 2', 3' erreicht. Die benötigte Temperaturdifferenz wird, je nach Anwendung, z. B. mit Heizung, Klimaanlage, Wärmepumpe, sekundärem Wärmetauscher oder einfach mit Luft mit Umgebungs­ temperatur erzeugt.Appropriate control of the valves 2 ″, 3 ″ achieves a need-based evacuation and ventilation / tempering of the partial volumes 2 ′, 3 ′. The required temperature difference is, depending on the application, e.g. B. with heating, air conditioning, heat pump, secondary heat exchanger or simply generated with air at ambient temperature.

Besondere Bedeutung kommt der Konstruktion des Deckels 3 und seiner Auflage­ fläche 4 auf dem Rand des unteren Teils 2 des Batteriebehälters zu (Siehe Fig. 1 und 2). Der Deckel 3 ist längs dieser Auflagefläche offen, so daß der Deckel beim Evakuieren vakuumdicht gegen eine Dichtung 6 im Rand des Behälterunterteils 2 gepreßt wird (siehe Zeichnung). Zweckmäßig ist eine Führung, die ein seitliches Verrutschen des Deckels 3 verhindert. Damit der Deckel im belüfteten Zustand nicht abhebt, ist eine Arretierung vorzusehen. Durch diese Deckelkonstruktion ist das Innere der Batterie 1 für Reparaturen leicht zugänglich und kann anschließend ohne großen Aufwand wieder verschlossen werden. Möglicherweise muß die Dichtung 6, die als wärmebeständiger Dichtring ausgebildet ist, ausgetauscht werden.Of particular importance is the construction of the lid 3 and its support surface 4 on the edge of the lower part 2 of the battery container (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The lid 3 is open along this bearing surface, so that the lid is pressed vacuum-tight against a seal 6 in the edge of the lower container part 2 during evacuation (see drawing). A guide is expedient which prevents the cover 3 from slipping sideways. A lock must be provided so that the lid does not lift off when it is ventilated. With this cover construction, the inside of the battery 1 is easily accessible for repairs and can then be closed again with little effort. The seal 6 , which is designed as a heat-resistant sealing ring, may need to be replaced.

Die Bodenfläche (nicht dargestellt) kann genau so wie der Deckel 3 konstruiert wer­ den, wobei auf die mechanische Stabilität wegen des Gewichts der Batteriezellen zu achten ist. In dieser Realisierung können auch die Seitenwände im Reparaturfall problemlos entfernt werden. Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist jedoch zu empfehlen, Sei­ tenwände und Bodenfläche fest miteinander zu verbinden, so daß im Störfall diese Einheit als Auffangwanne dienen kann.The bottom surface (not shown) can be constructed exactly like the lid 3 , taking care of the mechanical stability due to the weight of the battery cells. In this implementation, the side walls can also be easily removed in the event of a repair. For safety reasons, however, it is recommended to firmly connect the tenwalls and floor surface so that this unit can serve as a collecting pan in the event of a malfunction.

Claims (6)

1. Elektrochemische Speicherbatterie mit einem doppelwandigen evakuierten Ge­ häuse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Innenraum (2', 3') des Gehäuses (2, 3) an eine Vakuumpumpe an­ schließbar ist.1. Electrochemical storage battery with a double-walled evacuated Ge housing, characterized in that the interior ( 2 ', 3 ') of the housing ( 2 , 3 ) can be closed by a vacuum pump. 2. Speicherbatterie nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse aus mehreren Teilen (2, 3) besteht, die jedes für sich an der Vakuumpumpe anschließbar sind.2. Storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing consists of several parts ( 2 , 3 ), each of which can be connected to the vacuum pump. 3. Speicherbatterie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse belüftbar ist (Ventile 2'', 3'').3. Storage battery according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing can be ventilated (valves 2 '', 3 ''). 4. Speicherbatterie nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Innenraum des Gehäuses als Wärmetauscher einer Luft­ heiz-/kühlvorrichtung dient. 4. Storage battery according to claim 3, characterized, that the interior of the housing as an air heat exchanger heating / cooling device is used.   5. Speicherbatterie nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse ein abnehmbares Teil (3) besitzt, in dem auch ein separates Volumen (3') für ein Wärmetauschermedium vorhanden ist.5. Storage battery according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the housing has a removable part ( 3 ) in which there is also a separate volume ( 3 ') for a heat exchange medium. 6. Speicherbatterie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände des Gehäuse-Innenraums verspiegelt sind.6. Storage battery according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized, that the walls of the interior of the housing are mirrored.
DE1996148353 1996-11-22 1996-11-22 Electrochemical storage battery e.g. for electric vehicle Ceased DE19648353A1 (en)

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WO2003050907A1 (en) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-19 Aerotech Australia Pty Ltd A device for providing a power supply for an aircraft
WO2003015192A3 (en) * 2001-08-09 2004-04-08 Polyrit Thermal jacket for battery
DE102007010740A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Daimler Ag Automotive battery e.g. lithium ion battery, for e.g. fuel cell vehicle, has cells arranged in internal housing, and gap formed between internal and external housings, where gap is formed for discharging exhaust gas of cells to environment
DE102009014144A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for controlling the temperature of an energy store and method for producing the device for temperature control
WO2011069723A1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Controllable, thermally insulated housing and method for the control thereof
WO2012001280A1 (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-05 Renault S.A.S. Cooling of a battery used to power a motor vehicle engine
DE102011003942A1 (en) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for reducing fatigue of rechargeable lithium ion battery in e.g. notebook, has battery component installed in housing, where extensive thermal separation is carried-out by air-layer in intermediate space between bars
AT511836A4 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-03-15 Avl List Gmbh ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE
DE102014005980A1 (en) 2014-04-24 2014-11-06 Daimler Ag Battery case and battery with the battery case
DE102015220354A1 (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Housing system of a battery module, battery module with such a housing system and method for its temperature control and battery
EP3578410A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-11 Outokumpu Oyj Thermal systems for battery electric vehicles
CN111452672A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-28 杭州宣阳科技有限公司 Steam-water separation storage battery cooling and moisture-proof device for electric vehicle
US12283680B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2025-04-22 Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Temperature control device for a battery housing
DE102024113696A1 (en) * 2024-05-16 2025-11-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for temperature control of battery cells of a vehicle battery using a temperature control device and motor vehicle
DE102024113695A1 (en) * 2024-05-16 2025-11-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for adjusting the thermal conductivity properties of a component of a vehicle battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003015192A3 (en) * 2001-08-09 2004-04-08 Polyrit Thermal jacket for battery
US6840050B2 (en) 2001-08-09 2005-01-11 Polyrit Thermal jacket for battery
WO2003050907A1 (en) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-19 Aerotech Australia Pty Ltd A device for providing a power supply for an aircraft
DE102007010740A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Daimler Ag Automotive battery e.g. lithium ion battery, for e.g. fuel cell vehicle, has cells arranged in internal housing, and gap formed between internal and external housings, where gap is formed for discharging exhaust gas of cells to environment
DE102009014144A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for controlling the temperature of an energy store and method for producing the device for temperature control
CN102652372A (en) * 2009-12-09 2012-08-29 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Controllable, thermally insulated housing and method for the control thereof
WO2011069723A1 (en) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Controllable, thermally insulated housing and method for the control thereof
CN102652372B (en) * 2009-12-09 2016-01-20 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Controllably heat insulation housing and control method thereof
JP2013513909A (en) * 2009-12-09 2013-04-22 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング Controllable thermal insulation casing and control method of the casing
WO2012001280A1 (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-05 Renault S.A.S. Cooling of a battery used to power a motor vehicle engine
FR2962075A1 (en) * 2010-07-02 2012-01-06 Renault Sa COOLING A POWER BATTERY OF A DRIVE MOTOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE.
DE102011003942A1 (en) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for reducing fatigue of rechargeable lithium ion battery in e.g. notebook, has battery component installed in housing, where extensive thermal separation is carried-out by air-layer in intermediate space between bars
DE102011003942B4 (en) * 2011-02-10 2014-10-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for reducing accumulator fatigue
AT511836A4 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-03-15 Avl List Gmbh ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE
AT511836B1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-03-15 Avl List Gmbh ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE
DE102014005980A1 (en) 2014-04-24 2014-11-06 Daimler Ag Battery case and battery with the battery case
DE102015220354A1 (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Housing system of a battery module, battery module with such a housing system and method for its temperature control and battery
CN106953040A (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-07-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Enclosure system, battery module, method for regulating temperature and the battery pack of battery module
US12283680B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2025-04-22 Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Temperature control device for a battery housing
EP3578410A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-11 Outokumpu Oyj Thermal systems for battery electric vehicles
WO2019233956A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-12 Outokumpu Oyj Thermal systems for battery electric vehicles
US11870048B2 (en) 2018-06-05 2024-01-09 Outokumpu Oyj Thermal systems for battery electric vehicles
CN111452672A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-07-28 杭州宣阳科技有限公司 Steam-water separation storage battery cooling and moisture-proof device for electric vehicle
DE102024113696A1 (en) * 2024-05-16 2025-11-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for temperature control of battery cells of a vehicle battery using a temperature control device and motor vehicle
DE102024113695A1 (en) * 2024-05-16 2025-11-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for adjusting the thermal conductivity properties of a component of a vehicle battery of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

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