DE19644931C2 - Artificial teeth - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to artificial teeth for the construction of total dental or partial dentures for the human upper and lower jaw according to Preamble of claim 1.

In dentures it is known to build total dentistry or Partial dentures to use individual machined teeth that the human teeth are largely reshaped. Such artificial Teeth are then adapted by the dentist to a specially adapted one for the wearer Prosthesis assembled.

EP-0 130 540 A2 are prefabricated full or partial dentures consisting of several teeth become known, the individual Teeth laterally to each other in the area of the tooth necks starting from the tip of the tooth neck to triangular gaps far into the area of the tooth width which reproduce the interdental gaps in living teeth are. Contains a very similar design of full or partial dentures also US 30 15 888. These interdental gaps affect that aesthetic appearance of the prosthesis as it is not like the living tooth are largely filled with gums. With that the Cleaning the prosthesis difficult. DE-43 02 491 C2 are artificial Teeth for the construction of full or partial dentures have become known at least on one side a wedge-shaped request for a front view Mung as an interdental sealing strip. This will be a good one aesthetic appearance, improvement of hygienic conditions and easier handling, especially when building the prosthesis.

The well-known artificial teeth are natural in their structure largely modeled, in particular they have a formal dated Set off the tooth corpus. In a more hygienic and aesthetic way The disadvantage of this is that the artificial tooth is often not like one natural healthy tooth grows into the gums and thus the Tooth necks can be exposed. In through the gums, neck and neck The furrow formed in the tooth body can increase food residues attach.

The invention has for its object the known from DE-43 02 491 C2 artificial teeth from an aesthetic and hygienic point of view improve and in particular the possibility of developing Avoid structures that are not present in healthy natural teeth are present, e.g. B. exposed tooth necks or too high gingival papillae. Furthermore, the artificial teeth should be designed so that the occurring different position variants of the artificial teeth in a prosthesis, the interdental end cap is closed and the assembly the prosthesis is further simplified.

The solution to the problem consists in the features of claim 1 An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in subclaim 2 draws.

Due to the formally not offset tooth neck, both on the labial, approximal and oral surface of the artificial teeth results in a soft, smooth transition from the surfaces of the artificial teeth to the dental ones Gingival papillae. This leads to a more aesthetic appearance of the artificial tooth, because even if the tooth has incomplete ingrowth Gums or, if the gums recede, the exposed tooth necks not become visible as such. In hygienic terms, the seamless design of the tooth neck and body the formation of furrows avoided in which food residues can accumulate preferentially.

By considering the angular characteristics for the side wedge shaped formations result from positional variations of the artificial Teeth in the contact area of the moldings of neighboring artificial teeth an improved closure of the interdental spaces. Position variants tre ten z. B. on when a prosthesis is adapted to the course of the jaw and thus in supervision the respective transverse axes of the teeth one of include an individual jaw shape and tooth position dependent angle. Is the angle between the tangent to the hyperbolic contour of the Formations and the transverse axis of the tooth in the range from 40 ° to 50 °, are optimal variation possibilities with regard to the relative tooth position given. This leads to an improved aesthetic overall Appearance in the position association with the artificial neighboring teeth. At the same time, the artificial dental gingival papilla is beneficial for the  self-cleaning effect in the mouth affected. This is preferably 45 ° angle.

Examples of the invention are shown in the drawing and subsequently described. Show:

Fig. 1 is a side view of an artificial tooth

Fig. 2 is a labial front view of an artificial tooth

Fig. 3 shows a detail of a dental prosthesis inserted into the jaw in front view

Fig. 4 is an oral front view of an artificial tooth

Fig. 5 two artificial teeth with side projections in a top view from above

Fig. 1 shows a side view of an artificial tooth with the tooth 5 Corpus 5 ', cutter tooth 22 and the tooth neck 18. Tooth neck 18 and tooth body 5 'merge into one another without a step. The tooth neck 18 is separated from the tooth body 5 'in a dotted manner only for better illustration of the areas.

FIG. 2 shows a labial front view of an artificial tooth 6 with a toothed cutting edge 23 , a lateral molding 13 adapted to the tooth and a tooth neck 19 which merges seamlessly into the tooth body 6 '. For a better representation, the tooth neck region 19 is separated from the tooth body 6 'by dots.

Fig. 3 shows a detail of a dental prosthesis inserted into the palate 17 in a front view. The prosthesis consists of artificial teeth 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 with side projections 10 , 10 ', 11 , 11 ', 12 , 12 'as interdental locking strips. The teeth are in the area of the tooth necks 20 , 20 ', 20 '', which merge seamlessly into the tooth corpus 1 ', 2 ', 3 ' and are separated from them only for better illustration by means of dotted lines, and the projections 10 , 10 ' , 11 , 11 ', 12 , 12 ' partially embedded in the gums. It is the frequently occurring situation of poor embedding of the prosthesis in the gums, e.g. B. also represented by gum recession. However, due to the lack of a formal delimitation from the tooth corpus 1 ', 2 ', 3 ', the tooth necks 20 , 20 ', 20 '' cannot be recognized as such, which considerably improves the overall appearance of the prosthesis. The interdental spaces are also closed in the different angular positions of the teeth shown relative to each other, due to the curvature of the jaw, by the side projections 10 , 10 ', 11 , 11 ', 12 , 12 ', which form interdental closure strips.

Fig. 4 shows an artificial tooth 7 in oral front view. The tooth neck 21 merges into the tooth body 7 'without a shoulder. The tooth 7 has been fitted to it lateral projections 26, 26 ', whose end edges 26, 26' are preferably rounded and parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the tooth. 7 The width b1 of the tooth 7 with the projections 26 , 26 ′ in the region of the tooth neck 21 corresponds to the width b2 of the tooth 7 in the region of the tooth cutting edge 25 .

Fig. 5 shows two teeth 8, 9 with lateral projections 15, 15 ', 16, 16' in distal medial caudal (?) Supervision. The contour of the projections 15 , 15 'has a convexly curved, hyperbolic contour. The tangents T1, T2 and T1 ', T2' to the hyperbolic branches of the contours of 15 and 15 ', respectively, include angles α, β, γ, δ of 30 ° with the transverse axis AB of the tooth. The lateral projections 15 , 15 ', 16 , 16 ' are rounded off in the area of the end edges 27 , 27 '. The tooth 9 has a transverse axis which is slightly inclined relative to that of the tooth 8 . The angles α, β, γ, δ are preferably 45 degrees, as a result of which an optimal adaptation of two adjacent projections and thus the formation of an interdental closure strip is ensured. The outer edges 27 , 27 'of the projections 15 , 15 ' are rounded.

Reference list

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Claims (2)

1. Artificial teeth ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) for the construction of total or partial dentures for the human upper and lower jaw, the individual tooth ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) while filling the gap to the adjacent tooth, at least on one side a wedge-shaped projection ( 10 , 10 ', 11 , 11 ', 12 , 13 , 14 , 14 ', 15 , 15 ', 16 , 16 ') as an interdental closure strip, which begins laterally in the region of the tooth neck ( 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ) and extends tapering to the tooth cutting edge ( 22 , 23 , 25 ) or to the occlusal surface of the tooth, so that the width (b1) of the tooth on the tooth neck corresponds to the width (b2) on the tooth cutting edge or on the occlusal surface and the outer edges ( 26 , 26 ', 27 , 27 ') of the projections ( 14 , 14 ') run parallel to one another, thereby characterized in that the tooth neck ( 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ) and tooth body ( 1 ', 5 ', 6 ', 7 ') merge into each other and the molding en ( 10 , 10 ', 11 , 11 ', 12 , 13 , 14 , 14 ', 15 , 15 ', 16 , 16 ') in top view of a tooth ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ) in the area of the outer edges ( 26 , 26 ', 27 , 27 ) have a convexly curved, hyperbolic contour, the tangents (T1, T1', T2, T2 ') to the hyperbolic branches with the Transverse axis (AB) of the tooth enclose an angle (α, β, γ, δ) between 40 ° and 50 °, the outer edges ( 26 , 26 ', 27 , 27 ') being rounded. 2. Artificial teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle (α, β, γ, δ) is 45 °.