DE19635486A1 - Neutralising minefields with sown mines in plastics housings - Google Patents
Neutralising minefields with sown mines in plastics housingsInfo
- Publication number
- DE19635486A1 DE19635486A1 DE1996135486 DE19635486A DE19635486A1 DE 19635486 A1 DE19635486 A1 DE 19635486A1 DE 1996135486 DE1996135486 DE 1996135486 DE 19635486 A DE19635486 A DE 19635486A DE 19635486 A1 DE19635486 A1 DE 19635486A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mines
- sown
- plastic
- minefields
- neutralising
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
- F41H11/12—Means for clearing land minefields; Systems specially adapted for detection of landmines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/02—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by biological methods, i.e. processes using enzymes or microorganisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
In mehr als 60 Ländern der Erde sind insgesamt zwischen 100- 200 Mio, Landminen verlegt. Die durchschnittliche Lebenszeit einer Landmine beträgt etwa 75 Jahre. Jeden Monat verlieren durch Landminen etwa 800 Menschen ihr Leben und 450 weitere werden schwer verletzt. Zu den Opfern zählen viele Kinder und Zivilisten. Noch Jahrzehnte nach der Beendigung von Kriegen sind die Minen scharf. Von den etwa eine Million in Afgha nistan in der Folge des Krieges gegen die Sowjetunion und des Bürgerkrieges umgekommenen Afghanis starben etwa 200 000 durch Minen. Im Bürgerkrieg in Kampuchea forderten Minen erstmals mehr Opfer als jedes andere Waffensystem. Die Räu mung einer Landmine kostet durchschnittlich zwischen 300 bis 1000 Dollar bei durchschnittlichen Produktionskosten für eine Infanteriemine von 20 Dollar pro Stück. Die Räumung aller weltweit verlegten Minen würde etwa 100 Mrd. Dollar kosten. Entwicklungsländer können diese hohen Kosten nicht aus dem eigenen Staatshaushalt aufbringen. Zudem sind die gegenwärtig genutzten Minenräumverfahren sehr zeitaufwendig So würde eine Räumung aller Minen in Afghanistan etwa 4300 Jahre dauern. Ein besonders schwieriges Problem ist die Räu mung von Minen mit Plastikgehäuse, die mit Minenortungsgerä ten nicht geortet werden können. Alle Landminenarten können Plastikgehäuse besitzen. Ihre Räumung ist bisher nur mecha nisch mit schwerem Räumgerät (Minenräumpanzer) möglich. Mi nenfelder mit Minen mit Plastikgehäuse müssen lückenlos re gelrecht umgepflügt werden. Dies ist in bergigen oder be waldeten Gelände nicht möglich. Beim Minenräumen stellen Minen mit Plastikgehäuse das schwierigste Problem dar.In more than 60 countries around the world there are between 100- 200 million, landmines laid. The average lifetime a land mine is about 75 years old. Lose every month about 800 people lost their lives through land mines and 450 more are seriously injured. Victims include many children and Civilians. Decades after the end of war the mines are sharp. Of the approximately one million in Afgha nistan in the aftermath of the war against the Soviet Union and the Afghans killed in civil war died about 200,000 through mines. During the civil war in Kampuchea, mines demanded for the first time more victims than any other weapon system. The Räu A land mine costs an average of between 300 to $ 1000 at average production costs for an infantry mine of $ 20 apiece. The eviction of all mines relocated worldwide would be about $ 100 billion costs. Developing countries cannot handle these high costs from their own state budget. They are also Mine clearance processes currently used are very time consuming For example, all mines in Afghanistan would be cleared approximately 4,300 Take years. Räu is a particularly difficult problem of mines with plastic housings, those with mine locators can not be located. All types of landmines can Have a plastic case. So far, your clearance is only mecha niche with heavy clearing device (mine clearance tank) possible. Wed Fields with mines with plastic housings must be completely closed be plowed lawfully. This is in mountainous or be forested terrain not possible. When mine clearing Refills with plastic casings are the most difficult problem.
Der im Patentanspruch angegeben Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, daß Landminen mit Plastikgehäuse nicht zu orten sind und nur mit schwerem Räumgerät beräumt werden können, ohne daß eine Kontrolle des Wirkungsgrades der Räumung mög lich ist. The invention specified in the patent claim is the problem based on the fact that landmines with plastic housings could not be located are and can only be cleared with a heavy clearing device, without checking the efficiency of the evacuation is.
Dieses Problem wird durch die Erfindung gelöst. Durch das großflächige Ausbringen von sich von Plastik ernährenden Bakterienkulturen in einer Nährlösung mittels Hubschrauber über einem Minenfeld mit Minen mit Plastikgehäuse ist es möglich, auch in gebirgigem und bewaldetem Gelände Landminen mit Plastikgehäuse wirkungsvoll zu beräumen. Die Bakterien kulturen dringen mit der Nährlösung in den Boden ein und spüren die Plastikgehäuse der Minen auf, die in der Regel nicht tiefer als bis etwa ein Meter verlegt sind. Die Bakte rien zerstören das Plastikgehäuse wirkungsvoll. Wenn es durchlöchert ist, können Wasser und Bodenbestandteile in die Sprengladung eindringen und entschärfen sie so, ohne daß es zu einer Explosion kommt. Das Minenfeld muß nicht mechanisch beräumt werden. Menschliche Verluste entstehen beim Minenräu men nicht. Wenn die Bakterienkulturen im Abstand von einigen Wochen bis zu dreimal über dem Minenfeld versprüht werden, ist mit einer weitgehend vollständigen biologischen Beräumung im Verlaufe eines Jahres zu rechnen. Der Wirkungsgrad der Beräumung wird deutlich über dem einer mechanischen Beräumung liegen und wesentlich kostengünstiger sein. Sich von Plastik ernährende Bakterienkulturen werden bereits bei der biologi schen Beseitigung von Plastikabfällen großtechnisch zur Anwendung gebracht.This problem is solved by the invention. By the large-scale application of plastic feeders Bacterial cultures in a nutrient solution using a helicopter it is over a minefield with mines with a plastic casing possible, also in mountainous and forested terrain landmines to clear away effectively with plastic housing. The bacteria cultures penetrate the soil with the nutrient solution and track down the plastic casings of the mines, which usually not deeper than about one meter. The bacts rien effectively destroy the plastic housing. If it is perforated, water and soil components can enter the Explosive charge penetrate and defuse them without it there is an explosion. The minefield does not have to be mechanical be cleared. Human losses arise from the mine clearance not. If the bacterial cultures are spaced from some Can be sprayed up to three times over the minefield for weeks, is with a largely complete biological clearance expected in the course of a year. The efficiency of the Evacuation is clearly above that of mechanical evacuation lie and be much cheaper. From plastic Nourishing bacterial cultures are already at biologi large-scale disposal of plastic waste Applied.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996135486 DE19635486A1 (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Neutralising minefields with sown mines in plastics housings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996135486 DE19635486A1 (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Neutralising minefields with sown mines in plastics housings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19635486A1 true DE19635486A1 (en) | 1997-04-03 |
Family
ID=7804350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1996135486 Withdrawn DE19635486A1 (en) | 1996-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | Neutralising minefields with sown mines in plastics housings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19635486A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1693642A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-23 | Heinrich Meurer | Method for detecting land mines from the air |
-
1996
- 1996-09-02 DE DE1996135486 patent/DE19635486A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1693642A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-23 | Heinrich Meurer | Method for detecting land mines from the air |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OAV | Applicant agreed to the publication of the unexamined application as to paragraph 31 lit. 2 z1 | ||
| 8141 | Disposal/no request for examination |