DE1962940A1 - Stopper spout for ladle - Google Patents

Description

PATENT Attorney DIPL-ING. H. E. BOHMER

703 BüliLISCEN / WFüTT. · S I N DK I. Γ IN GE R STHASSh 49 IfIPTn J Λ

ι y ο ζ y η υ

TELEPHONE (07OrU) 613040

Applicant: NOZZLE INC.

535 Smithfield Street, Pittsburgh, Penn. V.St.A.

Government office! File reference: New registration

December 16, 1969

Stopper spout for ladle

The invention relates to a pouring ladle for pouring liquid metal with a plug spout that is gas actuated, eliminating the need for the stopper rod within the ladle.

In the metal industry, the device for actuating the stopper rod, which is required in every molten metal ladle is a long unsolved problem. Basically, the pouring ladle is the pouring point and arranged at the lowest point of the ladle in the pouring shaft. has one upwardly extending flange and one continuous Hole on. The spout wildly held by a spout plate attached to the Bottom of the ladle is attached. In addition, the sink is in the sink shaft held in place by being a zemeniiiaitiges refractory material driven between the spout and the outer wall of the spout

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will. A long steel rod covered with refractory material, which is used as a Stopper rod is referred to, extends in the vertical direction through the ladle through to a cross piece made of steel or fitting on top of the ladle. The lower end of the stopper rod has a head made of refractory material on, the one with the inner surface of the pouring flange to open and Closing the pouring opening cooperates. A mostly cumbersome operating device with a hydraulic cylinder is outside the ladle and is used to raise and lower the connection piece and thus to open and close the spout.

After each casting, one or more people have to cool down in the Rise the ladle to set the next spout. Not only does it take a lot of time, it is also quite dangerous. Additionally Even minor errors in setting the pouring spout can be serious Have consequences. If, for example, the stopper rod is not carefully with the stopper head and this in turn not carefully with the pouring opening aligned, which in turn is not aligned with sufficient accuracy in the pouring shaft, can become insufficient during pouring Closing ratio "£ @ result. Similar locking problems can occur when the stopper rod bends - what happens when using such devices can easily occur under various conditions. Such a faulty closure can result from a completely clogged spout, in which no metal can be poured, via a leaking spout spraying a stream of molten metal to one stopper that does not close at all, i.e. to a state in which the stopper head does not cover the opening of the spout at all, so that the metal comes out of the pouring opening in a completely uncontrolled manner.

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shoots out. In addition, previously known plug heads have a relatively small surface that comes into contact with the sink itself, which often results in an inadequate shut-off effect.

The invention eliminates this previously required stopper rod arrangement and with it all the problems associated with this somewhat cumbersome way of controlling cast steel. The arrangement according to the invention can be placed outside the ladle, eliminating previously dangerous work. In addition, there is also a considerable amount at the same time Time savings in operation. Furthermore, the new device can be prefabricated, which takes time and effort during assembly in the steelworks saved. According to the invention, a gap is provided between the spout and the spout seat so that the individual parts expand easily and move in together. This gap forms a flow channel for a lubrication system that works with an inert gas and is used also cleaning the steel in the ladle. With the help of this The gap can also be blown with oxygen to clear the sink, if this should be necessary. Furthermore, the inventive Stopper closure has a relatively large contact area to shut off the casting process with molten metal.

The invention relates to a gas-operated stopper spout for a Ladle with a fixed spout seat, the actual spout assembly and a pressure piston assembly. At least part of the spout assembly can be moved to open and close «, η the cannula, the inside of the ladle with c'cr zeniialbehruiKj through the spout arrangement vcibindcn. A pressure medium botaiigt the piston, which is with the movable part of Ausoußcinordr.ung vcibundci. A unique gas

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_/ stem and prevent molten metal from entering the fore.

The invention will now be combined with the aid of an exemplary embodiment described in more detail with the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a gas -

operated Stopfenai / sguß in the open position in a Ladle;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the lines II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view through another Aus

guide form of a spout;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a further embodiment

approximate shape of a gas-operated stopper spout in the closed state;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view through another

Embodiment of a gas-operated stopper spout in the open state and

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the slope spout according to FIG. 5.

In Fig. 1 is a gas-driven stopper Γ inside the pouring shaft TO is arranged in the ficfsfcn part of a ladle 2. This ladle can also be a transport ladle, a ladle or any other type of

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Be a ladle from which molten metal is poured. The gas-powered Stopper spout 1 consists essentially of free parts, the spout seat 3, the spout arrangement 4 and the gas-operated pressure piston device 5.

The pouring seat 3 consists of an annular wall part made of refractory Material which is arranged in the pouring shaft 10 of the pouring ladle 2. The area with a circular cross-section is generally used as the pouring shaft 10 between the opening in the bottom of the ladle 2 and the first full " permanent position of the pouring ladle stones 11 on the bottom of the pouring ladle 2 referred to. The pouring seat 3 is held by the pouring plate 6, which is the bottom of the pouring seat 3 is supported and attached to the underside 7 of the pouring ladle 2 by screws 8 »The annular outer wall 9 of the pouring seat 3 lies flat against the first complete layer of the pouring ladle, i.e. inside the lining of the pouring ladle. To a flawless To ensure attachment and position of the pouring seat 3, a cementite-like (not shown) is placed between the outer wall 9 and the lining 11 Refractory material driven in, the spout 10 completely fills out. The pouring seat 3 has a vertical through opening or bore 13 in the middle. The bore 13, which is the actual pouring plug assembly receives, has a slightly larger cross-section than the tubular wall 14 of the pouring plug 12, so that when the pouring is installed, between the bore 13 and the tubular wall 14 of the The pouring plug 12 and the pouring seat 3 have a narrow gap 45. the The top surface 15 of the spout 3 is against the one in the middle Bore 13 inclined. On the inclined upper surface 15 a pouring lip Io is provided, which represents that surface of the pouring seat, which cooperates with your spout to prevent the flowing out of the molten material

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Barricade metal. The lower end of the spout seat has an externally threaded one 22 provided portion of reduced diameter, which is screwed into the gas-operated pressure piston assembly. Even if When the gas-operated plunger assembly is attached to the pouring seat, a cavity 44 still remains.

The main component of the pouring structure 4 is the pouring plug 12, the is slidably disposed within the bore 13 of the pouring seat. The pouring plug 12 consists of a refractory material such as fireclay ^ or firebrick, is tubular and, as shown in Fig. 1, has a

• Central bore, which extends through the entire pouring plug 12 through. Three star-shaped channels extend through the tubular wall 14 of the pouring plug 12 and lead at an angle to the central bore 17. The lowermost section of the pouring plug with the thread 23 cooperates with the gas-operated pressure piston arrangement 5, while the upper end of the pouring plug has a thread 2o has, on which the closure cap made of refractory material is screwed with the aid of an internal thread 54. The closure cap 18 has on its underside a seat surface 21 which is beveled with respect to the walls of the pouring stopper 12 and which is practically aligned with the upper surface of the channels running at an angle.

The pouring stopper 12, as shown in FIG. 3, may consist of a single piece rather than a separate pouring stopper and cap closure. Identical parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, except that reference numerals that are deleted are used here. The one-piece pouring stopper 12 'has a central bore 17 " which extends somewhat further upwards than the three running at an angle

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Channels 19 '. The cap section 18 'is identical to the closure cap 18 according to FIG. 1, except for the inner inlay ^. ". depends on the cost and the fabrication possibilities

The gas-operated pressure piston arrangement 5 is outside the pouring ladle 2 mounted below the bottom 7 of the ladle and attached to the pouring seat * 3. The plunger assembly 5, which consists only of metal parts, has an annular cylinder wall 24 with a threaded flange 25 at the upper end, which in the thread 22 of a recess of the pouring seat 3 is screwed in. The cylinder wall 24, which extends completely around the bore 13 and the pouring plug 12 extends around, has on its inner surface 27 an inwardly directed flange 26 which acts as an upper stop for the Piston is used. The cylinder wall 24 has a lower portion 28, which is directed vertically inwards. This section 28 in turn has another vertically downward gorichtcisn section! 39 on, the inner surface 27 of the cylinder wall 24 and the wall section 28 form part of a cylinder chamber 29. A metallic piston 30 irt within the Cylinder chamber 29 arranged. The piston 30 consists of a cylindrical shape Shank 33, which is only around the cast iron plug 12! corner and an annular flange 32, which is located at the upper end of the Kolbcnschaftes 33 after the inner surface 27 of the cylinder wall 24 extends. Of the Shank 33 closes cylinder chamber 29 ob, in which piston flange 32 acts as a piston head. The Unierfeil de. Piston Schait ^ r 33 is with a Gewitide 31 is provided, which cooperates with the thread 23 of the Aujjuss plug 12 and thus firmly connect the piston 30 to the pouring plug 12.

The piston shaft 33 and dor Kclbenflar.scl32 are so! .K-measure that the

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outer end of flange 32 on inner surface 27 of the cylinder wall 24 slides. The stroke of the piston is provided at the upper end by flange 26 of wall 24 and at the lower end by extended section 28 the cylinder wall 24 is limited. The piston shaft 33 slides on the downwardly extending wall section 39.

A threaded connection, a connection socket 34 for pressure _ air leads from the lower end of the cylinder wall 24 into a channel 35,

which extends through the lower portion 28 of the cylinder wall 24 through extends into the cylinder chamber 29. An adjustable needle valve 36 is arranged in the flow channel 35 and the cylinder wall section 28 and is used to regulate the compressed air flowing into the cylinder. Two sealing rings or piston rings 37 are on the piston flange 32 mounted in order to prevent the compressed air from escaping from the cylinder 29 when the flange 32 slides on the inner wall 27 of the cylinder. Two similar sealing rings 32and let into the wall section 39 and form a sufficient seal between the wall section 39 and the sliding piston shaft 33.

The piston skirt 33 has a flow channel 40 for an inert gas, which leads through the underside of the piston shaft 33 and into a recess or groove on the surface of the shaft 33 opposite the outlet ußstopfen 12 passes. The gap 45 between the pouring plug 12 and the pouring seat 3 also extends downwardly to the piston shaft 33 and pouring plug 12. Therefore, the flow channel 40, which is in the recess or groove 41 passes over, with the gap 45 in connection. The flow channel 40 opens at the lower end of the downwardly extending Section 33 of piston 30 into inlet socket 42. A set screw

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43 penetrates the cylinder wall section 39 and is used to fix the Piston shaft 33 on wall section 39 in the closed position of the pouring plug, when the ladle is filled with molten metal.

The mode of operation of the gas-operated stopper nozzle according to FIG. 1 is shown here as follows:

While the ladle is being filled with molten metal, as shown in FIG. 4, the spout is closed. Fig. 4 shows a somewhat different embodiment of the invention, but can be used here for explanation. When the spout is closed, the seat 21 of the cap 18 rests firmly on the pouring lip 16 of the pouring seat 3. This completely separates the pouring channels 19 from the molten metal in the ladle. The weight of the molten metal on the closure cap 18, the force of gravity acting on the pouring plug 12 and the adjusting screw 43 all together ensure that the pouring plug 12 remains in its closed position. After the ladle has been filled and casting can begin, the adjusting screw 43 is loosened and compressed air is introduced into the cylinder chamber 29 via the line 35. This compressed air presses the piston flange 32 upwards until it strikes against the flange 26 of the cylinder wall 24. Since the lower portion of the piston shaft 33 is firmly connected to the pouring plug 12, this also moves upwards, so that the seat surface 21 of the cap 18 lifts off the pouring lip 16, so that the molten metal through the channels 19 and

the bore 17 of the pouring plug 12 can flow. <

Simultaneously with the admission of compressed air through the channel 35, the inert gas introduced through the flow channel 40. So that the in-

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ured gas, such as argon, up and into gap 45. The pressure of the inert gas is kept high enough to prevent molten metal from entering the gap 45. The inert gas then enters the molten metal as gas bubbles. If the inert gas operated system is operated with the pouring plug 12 in its Is closed, then the gas enters the cavity 44, i. the space below the lower surface of the pouring seat 3 and thus exerts a pressure on the upper side of the piston flange 32, and helps to keep the spout assembly 4 in its closed position.

The person skilled in the art immediately recognizes that the cooperating surfaces 21 and 16 of the cap 18 or the pouring seat 3, which are in intimate contact together the gas-operated pouring plug 12 in the closed position hold, are much larger than the surface between corresponding surfaces of a standard pouring and pouring stopper, as they have been used up to now.

«;
It can also be seen that the inert gas, such as argon, flowing through the gap 45 also acts as a lubricant and enables the pouring plug 12 to move freely. It can also be seen that there are many advantages to bubbling an inert gas through molten metal, such as steel. For example, one can clean the steel by entraining the gas with other gases present in the molten metal. The gap 45 also allows an undisturbed expansion and contraction of those parts whose surface determine the gap.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. The only Modification in this embodiment is the gas-powered KoI-

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ben arrangement. The cylindrical chamber 53 consists of four separate annular metal cylinders. The upper part of the chamber 53 is formed by an annular cylinder part 46 which has a thread 25 'at the upper end, which cooperates with the internal thread 22' of the pouring seat 3 'and thus firmly connects the cylinder chamber 53 to the pouring seat 3'. The cylindrical vertical wall parts 47 and 48 are both welded to the cylinder part 46 and form the outer and inner cylinder walls of the chamber 53. The bottom of the cylinder chamber 5.3 is formed by the bottom part 49, which is welded to the outer cylinder wall 47. The inner cylinder wall 48 is aligned with its outer surface with the wall 46 and the pouring plug seat 3 'and thus forms the bore for the pouring plug 12' and the resulting gap 45 '. The piston 30 'slides on a further surface of the chamber 53, namely the inner cylinder wall 48. Further sealing rings 50 are therefore provided in the cylinder wall 48 for sealing.

A threaded bushing 34 'for a compressed air connection penetrates the cylinder wall 47 and the bottom section 49 and merges into the channel 35 ', which extends into the chamber 53 below the piston flange 32'. A Another compressed air channel 51 extends from a compressed air inlet sleeve 52 which is let into the upper part of the cylinder wall parts 46 and 47, into the chamber 53 above the piston flange 22. In this embodiment the lifting of the piston and pouring stopper in the same way as in FIG. 1. In contrast, the lowering of the pouring stopper into the closed position takes place in FIG by letting in compressed air through the channel 51, whereby the piston flange 32 ', the piston shaft 33' and the pouring plug 12 'are pressed downwards will. Then come the seat surfaces 21 'of the cap 18' in contact with the seat lip 16 'of the spout seat 3', whereby the outlet

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channels 19 'are closed off for the molten metal in the ladle.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. In this embodiment the pouring plug itself is stationary. On off refractory material existing piston, which works in a chamber inside the pouring plug wall, opens and closes the inside of the Casting ladle after the central bore of the pouring plug leading channels.

A closure cap 60 made of refractory material is fixed above the pouring opening 61 of the pouring plug 62 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring ladle 2 '. The closure cap 60 has an annular outer wall 63 which serves as a pouring seat and is fitted into the cylindrical pouring shaft 64. In this case too, a cementite-like refractory material is driven in between the two surfaces 63 and 64 for complete sealing. The Ausgußstopfen 62 with its annular or tubular wall 65 is in the opening in the bottom of the ladle 2 'inserted and by the Ausgußhalteplatte 67 on the bottom 68 of the ladle 2' \ fastened by means of screws 69, as well as by the side walls the spout seat held. Ks bore

61 penetrates the pouring plug from top to bottom.

The closure cap 60 has three channels 71 arranged in a star shape, which lead through the cap to a chamber 72 which is located directly above the bore 61 of the spout 62 and through the space between the convexly curved inner bottom surface 70 of the closure cap 60 and the upper surface 74 of the spout 62 is limited. One vertical arranged annular chamber 73 extends within the tubular wall

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of the spout 62 from the upper pouring surface 74 to a point within the pouring plug which lay below the bottom 68 of the ladle. An inlet connection 75 for supplying an inert gas is connected to the bottom of the chamber 73 via a channel 76. A second inlet port 78 for inert gas is connected via a channel 79 to the chamber 73 approximately midway between its two ends and just below the underside 68 of the ladle. An annular piston 80 made of refractory material, the length of which is essentially equal to the depth of the chamber 73, lies loosely in the chamber 73 and forms a gap 77. The piston 80 has at its lower end a> small annular groove 81 which communicates with the channel 76, as well as a second larger annular channel 82 between the ends of the piston, which is in communication with the channel 79. The upper surface 83 of the piston 80 is chamfered inwardly in accordance with the convex surface 70 of the closure cap 60.

An inert gas, such as argon, is passed into: the annular groove 81 via the channel 76. The gas pushes the piston 80 upward until the top surface 83 of the piston 80 contacts the convex surface of the closure cap. This separates the channels 71 from the chamber 72 and the opening 61 in the spout 62. Because of the gap 77 between the pouring chamber 73 and the piston 80, argon can penetrate the sides of the piston 80 into the molten metal entering through the channel 71. The pressure of the argon is chosen to be so high that no metal can penetrate into the gap 77. To lower the piston 80 and to lean the metal through the channel 71, argon is passed through the canoe! 79 introduced into the annular channel 82, while at the same time the argon flowing in via the channel 76 is throttled. The increase and

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simultaneously throttling the air flowing into the respective chambers argon is synchronized so that the gap 77 always prevails a sufficient gas flow, which prevents molten metal from penetrating into the gap 77th As in other embodiments, the argon can also escape into the molten aluminum metal here.

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Claims (10)

PATENT CLAIMS 1, gas-operated pouring stopper for a pouring ladle with a pouring seat with a central bore, which is fastened in the pouring shaft of a pouring ladle, characterized by a pouring arrangement (4) within the bore (13) of the pouring seat (3) with a continuous central bore i} 7 {, with at least one part ( 12) the pouring arrangement (4) can be moved in contact with the pouring seat (3), further characterized by a first flow channel (19) between the pouring pouring arrangement and pouring pouring seat, which connects the interior of the pouring ladle (2) with the central bore (17) in the pouring pouring arrangement when the movable part (12) of the pouring arrangement does not rest on the pouring seat (3) so that the material to be poured can flow out through the first flow channel (19) and the central bore (17) of the pouring arrangement, as well as through a gas-operated pressure piston device, whose piston with the movable part (12) of the pouring arrangement for opening and closing the first flow channel in the direction of the outlet ußsitz is connected, whereby the flow of liquid is controllable, and through a second flow channel (45) which surrounds the movable part (12) of the pouring arrangement in the form of a gap in which the movable part (12) is lubricated by introducing inert gas. 2. Gas-actuated pouring plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the pouring seat has a seat surface (15) surrounding the central bore (13), that the pouring arrangement has a tubular part (12) which contains the vertically extending central bore, that the cross-sectional area of the pouring arrangement is less than that of the central bore (13), the pouring seat (3), whereby the second flow channel (45) is formed, that furthermore the pouring arrangement on the top of the tubular part (12) 009830/1126 BATH carries a cap (18) whose cross-section is larger than that of the tubular part (12) and another seat which forms the tubular Part surrounds and the first seat opposite, that the The first flow channel (19) extends through the wall of the tubular part (12) below the seating surface of the closure cap into the vertically arranged Central bore (17) extends that further the pressure piston device consists of a cylinder which is fixedly connected to the pouring seat and a first communicating therewith inlet opening for a pressure medium, that further in the cylinder a piston is arranged, which with is fixedly connected to the movable part of the spout arrangement, whereby a pressure medium flowing into the cylinder through the first inlet opening pushes the plunger up and separates the two Sitzflöehen, so that the liquid from the ladle through the first Flow channel (19) in the tubular part (12) of the spout arrangement and from there can flow out through the central bore (17) of the spout, and that a second liquid inlet is connected to the second flow channel, which is used to supply an inert gas. 3. A pouring stopper according to claim 2, characterized in that the seat surface (15) of the pouring seat (3) has a raised upwardly facing lip (16) which cooperates with the seat surface of the closure cap of the pouring arrangement. 4. pouring plug according to claim 2, characterized in that the Closure cap (18) is a separate, made of refractory material Part that is attached to the top of the tubular part (12) and with this forms the pouring plug. 009830/1126 BATH ORIGINAL 5. A pouring plug according to claim 2, characterized in that a drift inlet opening is in communication with the top of the cylinder, whereby the piston and thus the pouring plug are pressed down when the pressure medium flows in, so that the seating surface of the closure cap (18) of the pouring plug with the seat of the pouring seat comes into contact. 6. The pouring plug according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure cylinder at the upper end has a thread (25) which is screwed into a recess (44) provided with a thread (22) at the lower end of the pouring seat (3), that the recess or chamber with the second flow channel (45) is in combustion, so that the pressure medium or gas, when the two surfaces touch each other, exerts a pressure by flowing into this chamber on the upper side of the piston and keeps it in the closing pitch. 7. A pouring plug according to claim 2, characterized in that the first flow channel (19) which penetrates the wall of the tubular part of the pouring plug is inclined against the perpendicular central bore (17) of the tubular part (12). 8. The pouring plug according to claim 2, characterized in that the cylinder is arranged around the tubular part of the pouring plug, and that the piston is also annular in shape for movement within the cylinder. 9. pouring plug according to claim 2, characterized in that a Adjusting screw (43) penetrates the lower end (3?) Of the cylinder and the 009830/1126 BAD ORlGlMAl The purpose of locking the piston in its closed position is * 10. Gas-operated pouring plug for a pouring ladle with a pouring sifz with a central hole which is axially aligned with a hole at the deepest point of the pouring ladle and attached to it, characterized by a closure cap (60) made of refractory material above the central hole (6T) and at least one flow channel (71) which penetrates the pouring seat and is connected to the Zenfraf bore (61) k dung, through a tubular pouring spout (65) which is fastened inside the central bore in the pouring seat, with a vertical flow channel in the middle and an annular chamber ^ 3) which is perpendicular to the upper surface of the pouring plug around the Central {bore (61) is arranged, and through first (75, 76) and two (78, 79) gas channels that penetrate the wall of the spout assembly (65), the first channel at the bottom of the chamber and the two channel between the Ends of the chamber lies, further through an annular piston made of refractory material, which is loosely arranged in the chamber (73) to form a gap (77) , the piston having an upper end face (83), which in its shape of the inner surface (70) of the closure cap (60) and has a first and a second ring channel, the first ring channel with the first gas channel and the two ring channel with the second gas channel in communication Rart that in the first .Gaskanal entering gas pushes the piston obsn until the end face of the piston touches the inner surface of the closure cap to shut off the Sfromungskanals leading through the pouring seat, that further, gas flowing into the second gas channel pushes the piston down and the Sfrömungskanal leading through the Ausgußsifz opens and that the gas from both gas channels also through the gap ζ / 7) after 009830/1126 BATHROOM LOCAL GINAL escapes at the top and prevents molten metal from entering the gap. Π. Gas-actuated pouring stopper according to Claim 10, characterized in that the inner surface of the closure cap is convexly curved and thus fits exactly onto the end face of the piston. ¹ i 009830/1126 BATH ORIGINAL Blank page