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DE19615742C1 - Motor vehicle drive train with electric machine providing compensatory torque during gear changes - Google Patents

Motor vehicle drive train with electric machine providing compensatory torque during gear changes

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Publication number
DE19615742C1
DE19615742C1 DE19615742A DE19615742A DE19615742C1 DE 19615742 C1 DE19615742 C1 DE 19615742C1 DE 19615742 A DE19615742 A DE 19615742A DE 19615742 A DE19615742 A DE 19615742A DE 19615742 C1 DE19615742 C1 DE 19615742C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
motor vehicle
output shaft
gearbox
drive
vehicle drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE19615742A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wolf Dr Boll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Mercedes Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG, Mercedes Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Priority to DE19615742A priority Critical patent/DE19615742C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE19615742C1 publication Critical patent/DE19615742C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/003—Dynamic electric braking by short circuiting the motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/02—Dynamic electric resistor braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/22—Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/1819—Propulsion control with control means using analogue circuits, relays or mechanical links
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/18—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using electric, magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0437—Smoothing ratio shift by using electrical signals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H2061/0425—Bridging torque interruption
    • F16H2061/0433—Bridging torque interruption by torque supply with an electric motor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The engine (1) is coupled mechanically to a gearbox (2) driving a cardan shaft (4) which transmits torque to e.g. two or four wheels. The electric machine (3) coupled to the gearbox output shaft is fed from an invertor (5) with a controller (6), a heavy-duty battery (7), a load resistance (8) cooled by a fan (9), and connections (10) to auxiliary loads. While a gear-change is in progress, a compensating torque is exerted on the output shaft by the electric machine (3) operated temporarily in a thermal overload mode. When the vehicle is braked, the same machine functions as a generator for battery recharge and/or auxiliary load current supply and/or rheostatic braking.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Kraftfahrzeugantrieb mit einem Antriebsmotor und einem an den Antriebsmotor mechanisch angekoppelten Schaltgetriebe.The invention relates to a motor vehicle drive a drive motor and one to the drive motor mechanically coupled manual transmission.

Vorteilhaft bei diesem Antriebsprinzip mit Schaltgetriebe ist, daß kostengünstige Schaltgetriebe mit hohem Wirkungsgrad zur Verfügung stehen. Eine Schwierigkeit bei diesen Systemen besteht jedoch in einer gewissen Komfortminderung, die durch die erfor­ derlichen Aufbaubewegungen während eines Getriebeschaltvorganges bedingt ist. Denn bei solchen Antrieben wird während eines Ge­ triebeschaltvorgangs der Kraftfluß vom Antriebsmotor zur Aus­ gangswelle des Schaltgetriebes und damit zum Antriebsstrang des Fahrzeugs unterbrochen. Zudem ist die Automatisierbarkeit der Schaltvorgänge eingeschränkt. Denn beim vollautomatischen Schal­ ten sollten die Schaltvorgänge in sehr kurzer Zeit, z. B. in we­ niger als 0,3 Sekunden, ablaufen, damit die Komfortminderung ge­ ring und die Betriebsphase mit Zugkraftunterbrechung kurz bleibt, was beispielsweise für Überholvorgänge von Bedeutung ist. Bei kurzen Schaltzeiten besteht jedoch die Gefahr, daß merkliche Kraftstöße an den Antriebsrädern durch Umsynchronisie­ ren des Antriebsmotors entstehen, was z. B. bei glatter Fahrbahn problematisch ist. Die kurzen Schaltzeiten erfordern zudem lei­ stungsfähige Aktuatoren für die Kupplungs- und die Schaltungs­ einheit, und die plötzlichen, harten Krafteingriffe belasten den Antriebsstrang.The advantage of this drive principle with manual transmission is that that inexpensive gearbox with high efficiency for To be available. There is a difficulty with these systems however in a certain comfort reduction, which is required by the build-up movements during a gear shift is conditional. Because with such drives during a Ge drive switching process the power flow from the drive motor to the off gear shaft of the gearbox and thus to the drive train of the Vehicle interrupted. In addition, the automatability of the Switching operations restricted. Because with the fully automatic scarf ten should switch operations in a very short time, z. B. in we less than 0.3 seconds, to reduce the comfort ring and the operating phase with traction interruption short remains what is important for overtaking, for example is. With short switching times, however, there is a risk that noticeable power surges on the drive wheels due to re-synchronization ren of the drive motor arise what z. B. on slippery roads is problematic. The short switching times also require lei stable actuators for the clutch and the circuit unity, and the sudden, hard force interventions strain the Powertrain.

Aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 42 02 083 A1 ist ein Hybridan­ trieb für ein Kraftfahrzeug bekannt, bei dem eine Drehstromma­ schine an die Vorgelegewelle eines Schaltgetriebes angekoppelt ist. Die Drehstrommaschine dient dazu, das bei einem Schaltvor­ gang erforderliche Drehmoment zur Verzögerung bzw. Beschleuni­ gung der Getriebeteile bereit zustellen, um verbesserte Getriebe­ schaltvorgänge durch Verkürzung der unerwünschten Antriebszug­ kraftunterbrechung zu erzielen. Die Drehstrommaschine bildet ei­ ne elektrische Synchronisationshilfe für das Getriebe, das die mechanischen Synchronisationsmittel entlasten oder entbehrlich machen soll.From the published patent application DE 42 02 083 A1 is a Hybridan known for a motor vehicle in which a three-phase current machine coupled to the countershaft of a manual transmission  is. The three-phase machine is used for a switching operation torque required for deceleration or acceleration gearbox parts to provide improved gearboxes switching operations by shortening the unwanted drive train to achieve power interruption. The three-phase machine forms an egg ne electrical synchronization aid for the transmission that the relieve mechanical synchronization means or dispensable should do.

Der Erfindung liegt als technisches Problem die Bereitstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugantriebs mit Schaltgetriebe zugrunde, bei dem keine hohen kurzzeitigen Antriebszugkraftunterbrechungen während Getriebeschaltvorgängen auftreten.The invention is a technical problem of providing of a motor vehicle drive with manual transmission, in which no high short-term traction interruptions during Gear shift operations occur.

Die Erfindung löst dieses Problem durch die Bereitstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugantriebs mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs I. Bei diesem Antrieb ist eine mechanisch an die Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes gekoppelte elektrische Maschine vorgesehen, die während Betriebsphasen, in denen die Antriebskraftübertragung vom Antriebsmotor zur Schaltgetriebeausgangswelle aufgrund eines Getriebeschaltvorgangs kurzzeitig unterbrochen ist, ein diese Unterbrechung wenigstens teilweise kompensierendes Drehmoment auf die Getriebeausgangswelle ausübt. Die elektrische Maschine stellt somit während den kurzen Getriebeschaltphasen wenigstens teilweise die ansonsten vom Antriebsmotor gelieferte Zugkraft für den Fahrzeugantriebsstrang zur Verfügung. Eine völlige Zug­ kraftunterbrechung wird dadurch vermieden.The invention solves this problem by providing a Motor vehicle drive with the features of claim I. In This drive is mechanically connected to the output shaft of the Gearbox coupled electrical machine provided that during operating phases in which the drive power transmission from the drive motor to the manual transmission output shaft due to a Gear shifting process is briefly interrupted, this one Interruption at least partially compensating torque exerts on the transmission output shaft. The electrical machine thus provides at least during the short gear shift phases partially the traction otherwise supplied by the drive motor available for the vehicle powertrain. A complete move Power interruption is avoided.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 2 wird die elektrische Maschine in den kurzen Betriebsphasen während Ge­ triebeschaltvorgängen zur Erzeugung des Kompensationsdrehmomen­ tes im thermischen Überlastbetrieb betrieben. Dies ist für der­ artig kurze Betriebsphasen ohne Nachteile möglich, so daß die elektrische Maschine nicht auf eine derartige Dauerleistung aus­ gelegt zu sein braucht und damit in einer kompakten Bauform rea­ lisierbar ist. Beispielsweise kann sie als Kurzschlußläufer-Asyn­ chronmotor ausgelegt sein, der über einen Wechselrichter von einer ebenfalls relativ klein bauenden Hochstrombatterie ange­ trieben wird.In a development of the invention according to claim 2, the electrical machine in the short operating phases during Ge drive switching processes to generate the compensation torque tes operated in thermal overload operation. This is for the like short operating phases possible without disadvantages, so that electrical machine is not based on such a continuous output needs to be placed and thus rea in a compact design is lisizable. For example, it can be a squirrel-cage asyn be designed for a chronomotor that uses an inverter from  also a relatively small-sized high-current battery is driven.

In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 3 ist vorge­ sehen, die elektrische Maschine so auszulegen, daß sie in Fahr­ zeugbremsphasen als Generator betrieben werden kann, wodurch die Bremswirkung mittels Umwandlung von kinetischer Fahrzeugenergie in elektrische Energie unterstützt werden kann. Die erzeugte elektrische Energie kann in einem elektrischen Energiespeicher gespeichert oder zum Betrieb elektrischer Verbraucher im Fahr­ zeug genutzt oder an einem Arbeitswiderstand in Wärme umgesetzt werden.In a development of the invention according to claim 3 is provided see the electrical machine so that it is in driving Stuffing phases can be operated as a generator, making the Braking effect by converting vehicle kinetic energy can be supported in electrical energy. The generated electrical energy can be stored in an electrical energy store saved or to operate electrical consumers while driving used or converted into heat at a load resistor will.

In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 4 wird die elektrische Maschine zudem dazu verwendet, an der Getriebeaus­ gangswelle auftretende Antriebsschwingungen durch Erzeugen ent­ sprechend gegenwirkender Drehmomente auszugleichen.In a development of the invention according to claim 4, the electrical machine also used to turn off the gearbox drive shaft occurring drive vibrations by generating ent to compensate for counteracting torques.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 5 kann die elektrische Maschine als Elektromotor betrieben und damit als zusätzliche Antriebsquelle eingesetzt werden, wozu die benötigte elektrische Energie von einem Generator geliefert wird, der von einer Abgas­ entspannungsturbine angetrieben wird, wodurch sich der Wirkungs­ grad des Antriebs erhöhen läßt.According to a development according to claim 5, the electrical Machine operated as an electric motor and thus as an additional Drive source are used, for which the required electrical Energy is supplied by a generator that comes from an exhaust gas Relaxation turbine is driven, which increases the effectiveness degree of drive can be increased.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in der Zeich­ nung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrieben.A preferred embodiment of the invention is in the drawing voltage and is described below.

Die einzige Figur zeigt ein schematisches Blockdiagramm eines Kraftfahrzeugantriebs.The single figure shows a schematic block diagram of a Motor vehicle drive.

Der in der Figur dargestellte, z. B. in einem Automobil verwend­ bar Antrieb beinhaltet in herkömmlicher Weise einen Verbren­ nungsmotor (1), ein eingangsseitig an die Motorwelle angekoppel­ tes Schaltgetriebe (2) und einen Kardanstrang (4) als Antriebs­ strang, der an die Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes (2) ange­ koppelt ist und das Antriebsmoment an die entsprechenden Fahr­ zeugkomponenten, z. B. zwei oder vier Räder eines Automobils, weiterleitet.The shown in the figure, for. B. used in an automobile bar drive includes in a conventional manner a combus- tion engine ( 1 ), an input side coupled to the motor shaft tes gearbox ( 2 ) and a propeller shaft ( 4 ) as a drive train, which is attached to the output shaft of the gearbox ( 2 ) is coupled and the drive torque to the corresponding driving tool components, e.g. B. two or four wheels of an automobile.

An der Ausgangsseite des Schaltgetriebes (2) ist eine elektri­ sche Maschine (3) vorgesehen, die mechanisch mit der Getriebe­ ausgangswelle gekoppelt ist. Elektrisch ist die elektrische Ma­ schine (3) mit einem Wechselrichter (5) verbunden, der seiner­ seits Verbindung mit einem Steuergerät (6), einer Hochstrom­ batterie (7), einem Arbeitswiderstand (8) mit zugeordnetem Kühl­ gebläse (9) und Nutzverbraucheranschlüssen (10) hat, die über eine von der Verbindungsleitung zwischen Wechselrichter (5) und Hochstrombatterie (7) abzweigende Speiseleitung elektrisch ver­ sorgt werden.On the output side of the gearbox ( 2 ) an electrical machine ( 3 ) is provided, which is mechanically coupled to the gearbox output shaft. The electrical machine ( 3 ) is electrically connected to an inverter ( 5 ), which in turn is connected to a control unit ( 6 ), a high-current battery ( 7 ), a load resistor ( 8 ) with an associated cooling fan ( 9 ) and user connections ( 10 ), which is electrically supplied via a feed line branching off from the connecting line between the inverter ( 5 ) and high-current battery ( 7 ).

Die elektrische Maschine (3) dient primär dazu, in den Be­ triebsphasen, in denen aufgrund eines Getriebeschaltvorgangs kein Antriebsmoment vom Verbrennungsmotor (1) zum Kardanstrang (4) übertragen werden kann, was bei herkömmlichen Antrieben in einer Zugkraftunterbrechung resultiert, das Fehlen dieses Ver­ brennungsmotor-Antriebsmoments wenigstens teilweise zu kompen­ sieren. Dazu ist die elektrische Maschine (3) als drehmoment­ starker Kurzschlußläufer-Asynchronmotor ausgeführt, der in die­ sen kurzen Betriebsphasen im thermischen Überlastbetrieb betrie­ ben wird. Die elektrische Maschine (3) wird dabei gesteuert vom Steuergerät (6) in geeigneter Weise über den Wechselrichter (5) mit Strom aus der Hochstrombatterie (7) gespeist, so daß sie als Elektromotor arbeitend ein Drehmoment auf die Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes (2) und damit auf den Kardanstrang (4) ausübt. Dieses Drehmoment vermag das in dieser Betriebsphase fehlende Verbrennungsmotor-Antriebsmoment wenigstens teilweise zu erset­ zen. Da die elektrische Maschine (3) hierzu im thermischen Über­ lastbetrieb arbeitet, läßt sich trotz vergleichsweise kleiner Bauform für die elektrische Maschine (3) ein relativ hohes kom­ pensierendes Drehmoment erzielen. Da diese hohe Leistung von der elektrischen Maschine (3) nur für die sehr kurze Zeitdauer der Kraftunterbrechung zwischen Verbrennungsmotor (1) und Kardanstrang (4) während eines Schaltvorgangs im Schaltgetriebe (2) aufgebracht werden muß, ist dieser vorübergehende, thermi­ sche Überlastbetrieb problemlos möglich.The electrical machine ( 3 ) is primarily used in the operating phases in which no drive torque can be transmitted from the internal combustion engine ( 1 ) to the cardan shaft ( 4 ) due to a gear shift operation, which results in an interruption of traction in conventional drives, the lack of this internal combustion engine -Compensate driving torque at least partially. For this purpose, the electrical machine ( 3 ) is designed as a torque-strong squirrel-cage asynchronous motor, which is operated in these short operating phases in thermal overload operation. The electrical machine ( 3 ) is controlled by the control unit ( 6 ) in a suitable manner via the inverter ( 5 ) with current from the high-current battery ( 7 ), so that it works as an electric motor, a torque on the output shaft of the gearbox ( 2 ) and exerted on the gimbal ( 4 ). This torque is able to at least partially replace the internal combustion engine drive torque which is missing in this operating phase. Since the electrical machine ( 3 ) works in thermal overload mode for this purpose, a relatively high compensating torque can be achieved despite the comparatively small design for the electrical machine ( 3 ). Since this high power from the electrical machine ( 3 ) only has to be applied for a very short period of power interruption between the internal combustion engine ( 1 ) and the gimbal ( 4 ) during a shift in the manual transmission ( 2 ), this temporary, thermal overload operation is possible without any problems .

Signifikante Zugkraftunterbrechungen während eines Getriebe­ schaltvorgangs, die z. B. während eines Überholvorgangs besonders störend sind, treten damit bei diesem Antrieb nicht auf. Durch die wenigstens teilweise Kompensation der herkömmlichen Zug­ kraftunterbrechung während eines Getriebeschaltvorgangs werden merkliche Kraftstöße auf den Kardanstrang (4) und damit einher­ gehende Belastungen weitestgehend vermieden oder jedenfalls merklich abgeschwächt. Dabei kann es sich bei dem Schaltgetriebe sowohl um ein handbetätigtes als auch um ein automatisch be­ tätigtes Schaltgetriebe handeln.Significant interruptions in tractive power during a gear shift, the z. B. are particularly annoying during an overtaking, do not occur with this drive. Due to the at least partial compensation of the conventional train power interruption during a gear shift operation, noticeable power surges on the gimbal ( 4 ) and the associated loads are largely avoided or at least significantly weakened. The gearbox can be both a manually operated and an automatically operated gearbox.

Neben der oben beschriebenen, primären Funktion der elektrischen Maschine (3) zur kurzzeitigen Zugkraftunterbrechungskompensation erfüllt sie in vorteilhafter Weise weitere Funktionen in anderen Betriebsphasen. So kann die elektrische Maschine (3) während Bremsvorgängen auf Generatorbetrieb umgeschaltet werden, um eine zusätzliche Bremswirkung durch Umwandlung von kinetischer Ener­ gie des Kardanstrangs (4) in elektrische Energie bereitzustel­ len. Die dadurch erzeugte elektrische Energie wird über den Wechselrichter (5) in die Hochstrombatterie (7) eingespeichert und, soweit erforderlich, den Nutzverbraucheranschlüssen (10) zugeführt. Liegt darüber hinaus noch überschüssige elektrische Energie vor, kann diese über den Wechselrichter (5) an den Ar­ beitswiderstand (8) weitergeleitet und dort in Wärme umgesetzt werden, wobei der Arbeitswiderstand (8) mit dem Lüfter (9) ge­ kühlt wird. Bei entsprechender Auslegung kann hierdurch die Wir­ belstrombremse eines Nutzfahrzeugs ersetzt werden. Es versteht sich, daß die erzeugte Wärme bei Bedarf genutzt werden kann, z. B. zur Aufheizung eines Fahrzeuginnenraums.In addition to the above-described primary function of the electrical machine ( 3 ) for short-term interruption of traction force interruption, it advantageously fulfills further functions in other operating phases. Thus, the electrical machine ( 3 ) can be switched to generator operation during braking operations in order to provide an additional braking effect by converting the kinetic energy of the gimbal ( 4 ) into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated in this way is stored in the high-current battery ( 7 ) via the inverter ( 5 ) and, if necessary, fed to the useful consumer connections ( 10 ). Is also stipulates still excess electrical energy, it can beitswiderstand via the inverter (5) to Ar (8) forward, and are converted into heat, wherein said load resistor (8) ge with the fan (9) is cooled. With the appropriate design, this can replace the eddy current brake of a commercial vehicle. It is understood that the heat generated can be used if necessary, e.g. B. for heating a vehicle interior.

In einer weiteren Funktion dient die elektrische Maschine (3) zum Ausgleich von Antriebsschwingungen, die vom Verbrennungsmo­ tor (1) oder vom Kardanstrang (4) her auf die Getriebeausgangs­ welle einwirken. Dazu wird die elektrische Maschine (3) als Elektromotor betrieben, der in passender Weise das schwingungs­ ausgleichende Drehmoment erzeugt. Dies ist insbesondere bei An­ fahrvorgängen sinnvoll.In a further function, the electrical machine ( 3 ) serves to compensate for drive vibrations which act on the transmission output shaft from the combustion engine ( 1 ) or from the propeller shaft ( 4 ). For this purpose, the electric machine ( 3 ) is operated as an electric motor, which generates the vibration-compensating torque in a suitable manner. This is particularly useful when starting up.

In einer weiteren Funktion für Betriebsphasen mit hohem An­ triebsleistungsbedarf wird die elektrische Maschine (3) parallel zum Verbrennungsmotor (1) als Antriebsmotor eingesetzt, wie dies beispielsweise von Hybridantrieben geläufig ist. Vorzugsweise bezieht die elektrische Maschine (3) in dieser Funktion den da­ für erforderlichen Strom von einem nicht gezeigten Generator, der von einer nicht gezeigten Abgasentspannungsturbine angetrie­ ben wird. Dadurch kann die Energie des Verbrennungsmotorabgases zur Bereitstellung eines Zusatzdrehmomentes auf den Kardanstrang (4) durch die elektrische Maschine (3) zusätzlich zum Antriebs­ moment des Verbrennungsmotors (1) genutzt werden. Selbstver­ ständlich kann die Speisung der elektrischen Maschine (3) in dieser Betriebsart je nach Anwendungsfall auch anderweitig er folgen, z. B. mittels einer Batterie mit ausreichender Speicher­ kapazität.In a further function for operating phases with a high drive power requirement, the electrical machine ( 3 ) is used in parallel with the internal combustion engine ( 1 ) as a drive motor, as is known, for example, from hybrid drives. In this function, the electrical machine ( 3 ) preferably obtains the current required for this from a generator, not shown, which is driven by an exhaust gas relaxation turbine, not shown. As a result, the energy of the internal combustion engine exhaust gas can be used to provide additional torque to the cardan train ( 4 ) by the electric machine ( 3 ) in addition to the drive torque of the internal combustion engine ( 1 ). Of course, the supply of the electrical machine ( 3 ) in this operating mode, depending on the application, he can also follow otherwise, z. B. by means of a battery with sufficient storage capacity.

Claims (6)

1. Kraftfahrzeugantrieb, mit
  • - einem Antriebsmotor (1) und
  • - einem an den Antriebsmotor mechanisch angekoppelten Schaltge­ triebe (2),
1. Motor vehicle drive, with
  • - A drive motor ( 1 ) and
  • - A gearbox mechanically coupled to the drive motor ( 2 ),
gekennzeichnet durchmarked by
  • - eine mechanisch an die Ausgangswelle des Schaltgetriebes (2) angekoppelte elektrische Maschine (3), die während Be­ triebsphasen, in denen die Antriebskraftübertragung vom An­ triebsmotor (1) zur Schaltgetriebeausgangswelle aufgrund ei­ nes Getriebeschaltvorgangs kurzzeitig unterbrochen ist, ein diese Unterbrechung wenigstens teilweise kompensierendes Drehmoment auf die Getriebeausgangswelle ausübt.- A mechanically coupled to the output shaft of the gearbox ( 2 ) electric machine ( 3 ), during operating phases in which the drive power transmission from the drive motor ( 1 ) to the gearbox output shaft is briefly interrupted due to a gearbox shifting operation, an interruption at least partially compensating torque exerts on the transmission output shaft.
2. Kraftfahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1, weiter dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Maschine (3) zur kurzzeitigen Ausübung des kom­ pensierenden Drehmomentes auf die Schaltgetriebeausgangswelle im thermischen Überlastbetrieb betrieben wird.2. Motor vehicle drive according to claim 1, further characterized in that the electrical machine ( 3 ) for short-term exercise of the compensating torque is operated on the manual transmission output shaft in thermal overload operation. 3. Kraftfahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, weiter dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Maschine (3) in Fahrzeugbremsphasen als Genera­ tor betrieben wird, dessen elektrische Energie in einem Speicher (7) gespeichert und/oder zu Nutzverbraucheranschlüssen (10) wei­ tergeleitet und/oder in einem Arbeitswiderstand (8) in Wärme um­ gewandelt wird.3. Motor vehicle drive according to claim 1 or 2, further characterized in that the electrical machine ( 3 ) is operated in vehicle braking phases as a generator, whose electrical energy is stored in a memory ( 7 ) and / or passed on to user connections ( 10 ) and / or is converted into heat in a load resistor ( 8 ). 4. Kraftfahrzeugantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, weiter dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Maschine (3) bei im Fahrbetrieb auftretenden An­ triebsschwingungen ein diese Schwingungen ausgleichendes Drehmo­ ment auf die Schaltgetriebeausgangswelle ausübt.4. Motor vehicle drive according to one of claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the electrical machine ( 3 ) when driving vibrations occurring at a vibrations compensating this torque exerts on the manual transmission output shaft. 5. Kraftfahrzeugantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, weiter dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Maschine (3) als Elektroantriebsmotor betreibbar ist, dem die elektrische Energie von einem Generator zugeführt wird, der von einer Abgasentspannungsturbine angetrieben wird.5. Motor vehicle drive according to one of claims 1 to 4, further characterized in that the electrical machine ( 3 ) is operable as an electric drive motor to which the electrical energy is supplied by a generator which is driven by an exhaust gas relaxation turbine.
DE19615742A 1996-04-20 1996-04-20 Motor vehicle drive train with electric machine providing compensatory torque during gear changes Expired - Fee Related DE19615742C1 (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000003163A1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-01-20 Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ) Arrangement and method for a driving unit in a vehicle
DE19912425A1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-07-27 Siemens Ag Combination motor vehicle braking arrangement for vehicle with starter-generator
EP1466772A3 (en) * 2003-04-11 2006-10-11 Deere & Company Vehicle driving system
WO2007137680A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Daimler Ag Transmission device for a motor vehicle
EP1455085A3 (en) * 2003-03-04 2009-12-16 HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. Automotive internal combustion engine control system
ES2349979A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2011-01-14 F. Javier Porras Vila Inertia reduction brake, improved. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2349978A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2011-01-14 F. Javier Porras Vila Inertia reduction brake. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
EP2505410A1 (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-03 Imperia Automobiles SA Power train for hybrid vehicle
EP2963315A4 (en) * 2013-02-26 2016-12-07 Aisin Ai Co Ltd Vehicle transmission
CN107264292A (en) * 2017-06-09 2017-10-20 苏州朗高电机有限公司 A kind of retarder for vehicles system that auxiliary power is provided
DE102017220511A1 (en) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Audi Ag Active damping powertrain for a motor vehicle, and method of operating such a powertrain
SE2150777A1 (en) * 2021-06-17 2022-12-18 Scania Cv Ab System for braking an electrified vehicle

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4202083A1 (en) * 1992-01-25 1993-07-29 Daimler Benz Ag Hybrid IC engine and electric drive for motor vehicle - uses three=phase motor to adjust gearbox countershaft speed and reduce wear on mechanical clutch.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4202083A1 (en) * 1992-01-25 1993-07-29 Daimler Benz Ag Hybrid IC engine and electric drive for motor vehicle - uses three=phase motor to adjust gearbox countershaft speed and reduce wear on mechanical clutch.

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000003163A1 (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-01-20 Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ) Arrangement and method for a driving unit in a vehicle
DE19912425A1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-07-27 Siemens Ag Combination motor vehicle braking arrangement for vehicle with starter-generator
EP1455085A3 (en) * 2003-03-04 2009-12-16 HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. Automotive internal combustion engine control system
EP1466772A3 (en) * 2003-04-11 2006-10-11 Deere & Company Vehicle driving system
US7287612B2 (en) 2003-04-11 2007-10-30 Deere & Company Drive system for vehicles
US8281913B2 (en) 2006-05-31 2012-10-09 Daimler Ag Transmission device for a motor vehicle
WO2007137680A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Daimler Ag Transmission device for a motor vehicle
ES2349979A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2011-01-14 F. Javier Porras Vila Inertia reduction brake, improved. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2349978A1 (en) * 2009-05-21 2011-01-14 F. Javier Porras Vila Inertia reduction brake. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
EP2505410A1 (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-03 Imperia Automobiles SA Power train for hybrid vehicle
EP2963315A4 (en) * 2013-02-26 2016-12-07 Aisin Ai Co Ltd Vehicle transmission
CN107264292A (en) * 2017-06-09 2017-10-20 苏州朗高电机有限公司 A kind of retarder for vehicles system that auxiliary power is provided
DE102017220511A1 (en) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Audi Ag Active damping powertrain for a motor vehicle, and method of operating such a powertrain
DE102017220511B4 (en) 2017-11-16 2019-06-06 Audi Ag Active damping powertrain for a motor vehicle, and method of operating such a powertrain
SE2150777A1 (en) * 2021-06-17 2022-12-18 Scania Cv Ab System for braking an electrified vehicle
WO2022265557A1 (en) * 2021-06-17 2022-12-22 Scania Cv Ab System for braking an electrified vehicle
SE544948C2 (en) * 2021-06-17 2023-02-07 Scania Cv Ab System for braking an electrified vehicle

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