DE19603502A1 - Surface treatment of formed concrete e.g. paving blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

Formed concrete blocks (10) are moved together with grinding or impact elements so as to grind the exteriors and edges of the blocks by the impact etc. Thus, paving blocks are moved relative to lower-gravity grinding elements to rub off the block edges and corners in so doing. The grinding elements comprise regular elements of ceramic or plastics and appreciably smaller than the concrete blocks (10). Wall blocks are exposed to impact or grinding elements producing angled or edged elements which form depressions or craters in the block surfaces for subsequent grinding by the elements. Relative movement between blocks and elements is produced by rotary drum (11), vibro-chute etc, the blocks separated from the elements at the drum exit with the aid of fine-mesh (20) and coarse-mesh screens (21).

Description

The invention relates to a method for treating upper surfaces of concrete blocks, such as concrete paving stones, Be clay bricks and the like, by relative movement of one Plurality of concrete blocks to each other. Furthermore concerns the invention an apparatus for performing the method.

The concrete block industry has been trying for some time to Shaped stones, especially concrete paving stones, a particular another, structured or otherwise designed surface to lend, so that a special aesthetic effect is achieved becomes. So it is known to be cuboid paving stones relatively to move each other so that the concrete blocks against each other bump, causing irregular edges and corners to be chipped off the. This irregular structure gives the paving stone the look of an old, "antique" product. To this effect  To achieve this, the concrete paving stones are rotated through, in the direction of the downward inclined drum promoted (so-called rumble process).

The invention is concerned with measures for the treatment of Surface of finished, i.e. hardened concrete blocks.

The object underlying the invention is through mechanical surface treatment of the concrete blocks new, technically and aesthetically effective surface structure to lend doors.

The method according to the invention is used to achieve this object characterized in that the concrete blocks together with grinding media made of a different material and / or Impact bodies are moved such that the outer surfaces and -Edged and / or through the edges of the concrete blocks Effect of the impact body with depressions or craters will.

To sand the surfaces of the concrete blocks Abrasives used, their specific weight clearly is less than that of the concrete. The grinding wheel can be made Plastic, ceramic or similar materials are made. The Abrasives preferably have a certain geometric Shape, for example pyramid-shaped, cylindrical, conical mig, spherical or the like. The size of an abrasive grit pers is significantly lower than that of the concrete block. Of Another is the quantitative ratio between concrete blocks on the one hand and grinding wheels on the other hand for grinding important. The volume is preferably Abrasives 40% to 50% based on the total amount (vol men) made of concrete blocks and grinding wheels.

Impact bodies are used to achieve a corresponding upper surface structure especially when designing (large volume gen) concrete blocks used for (heavyweight) walls. The impact bodies are made of a material which indicates a has a higher specific weight than concrete. In consideration  come impact bodies made of steel and similar materials. The Geometric shape of the impact body is designed so that hitting the surface of the concrete shaped crater like depressions are generated. The impact bodies are the half with sharp corners and edges.

The surface treatment of the concrete blocks according to the invention can also be used in such a way that impact body and Grinding wheels simultaneously or successively on the concrete Work in shaped stones. Furthermore, one or the other Treatment with the treatment of the concrete Shaped stones by hitting each other (rumble process) com be binated. The effect of one method or another depends on the quantity or volume ratio of the concrete form stones to the grinding or impact bodies. Furthermore plays the speed of movement of the shaped stones during treatment, especially fall height, etc., a role.

The device for the treatment of the concrete blocks is made according to the invention from a treatment unit, in particular one rotating driven drum, a vibrating trough or the same. Through this, the mixture of concrete blocks and grinding wheels and / or impactors passed through. Off on the step side, the treated concrete blocks are removed from the Grinding bodies or separated from the impact bodies and the white teren use. In addition, the chopped off discarded or ground material. The grinding wheel or impact bodies become the entry side of the treatment day promoted back.

Further details of the method according to the invention and the Device are described below using one in the drawings illustrated embodiment explained in more detail. It shows:

Fig. 1 shows a plant for the surface treatment of concrete shaped bricks in a schematic side view,

Fig. 2 is a view analogous to FIG. 1 of a modifier th embodiment of the plant,

Fig. 3, a collision member in side view,

Fig. 4 shows the baffle of FIG. 3 in plan view,

Fig. 5 shows a grinding wheel in the ground plan,

Fig. 6, the grinding wheel of FIG. 5 in side view.

It is about the surface treatment of concrete blocks 10 of various designs. Primarily, these are concrete paving stones. On the other hand, large-format concrete shaped blocks 10 for the construction of (heavyweight) retaining walls can be treated in the sense described below, for example shaped blocks according to DE 41 31 423.9. The best way for this concrete blocks so for example, rectangular and ku bische concrete blocks are 10 with simple geometric forms, 10th The surfaces, including edges and corners, of such shaped concrete blocks 10 are processed by mechanical action.

For this purpose, the finished, preferably completely made of hardened concrete blocks 10 leads to a treatment unit, in the present case a rotating drum 11 . Alternatively, a vibrating trough or another device can be used, which moves the concrete blocks 10 relative to one another with mutual contact. The concrete blocks 10 are conveyed through a conveyor 12 through an opening 13 into the elongated, lying drum 11 . This is driven continuously rotating at low rotation speed. The drum 11 is inclined downwards in the longitudinal direction, so that the concrete blocks 10 are conveyed through rotation of the drum 11 and thus caused circulation of the concrete blocks 10 in the longitudinal direction through the drum 11 to an outlet opening 14 opposite to the inlet opening 13 .

Depending on the speed of rotation of the drum 11 , the concrete blocks 10 will collide more or less violently. Due to the influenceable relative movement of the concrete blocks 10 within the drum 11, it can be achieved that these will be pushed through the drum 11 without bumping off corners and edges or that corners and edges will be knocked off irregularly during this conveying movement (rumble process) .

The most important treatment of the concrete blocks 10 within the treatment unit or the drum 11 results from additional, in the treatment unit with the concrete blocks 10 NEN conveyed processing bodies. These are so designed, dimensioned and composed that either grinding the surfaces of the concrete blocks 10 or treatment by impact occurs.

The impact treatment is particularly advantageous for such shaped concrete blocks 10 that are used as bricks, for example for heavy-weight retaining walls. These usually large-volume concrete blocks 10 are conveyed through the drum 10 together with a sufficient amount of impact bodies 15 . The impact body 15 are very small in relation to the dimensions of the concrete blocks 10 . FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of a baffle 15 as cut Zylinderab. The massive impact body 15 is made of a preferred, metallic material with a higher specific weight than concrete, so that the impact body when hitting the upper surfaces of the concrete block knock out 10 small concrete fragments from the surface, so that craters, dents or the like Chen arise. The impact body 15 have sharp fe corners or edges for this purpose. The dimensions are selected in the example shown here of a cylindrical impact body 15 so that the diameter is approximately 50 mm and the length is 60 mm.

The treatment of the concrete blocks 10 with impact bodies 15 can be combined with a grinding of the surfaces. Alternatively, the treatment of the concrete blocks 10 can be limited to grinding the surfaces. The latter is particularly advantageous in the case of shaped concrete blocks 10 which are used as soil cover, that is to say for concrete paving stones.

The grinding treatment is aimed by special grinding elements 16 , which are also conveyed in large numbers together with the concrete blocks 10 into the treatment unit. The abrasive bodies 16 consist of a material with a specific weight below that of concrete. So the grinding body 16 made of plastic, ceramic or the like. The geometric shape is chosen so that there are rounded corners and edges. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and in FIG. 6, the grinding body 16 has a rhombic cross-sectional shape with clearly rounded longitudinal edges. The dimensions are chosen so that in cross section the longitudinal dimension 17 is 50 mm, for example. The transverse dimension 18 is chosen to be about 30 mm. The length 19 of such a grinding body 16 is 50 mm here.

The number of grinding wheels 16 or impact bodies 15 inserted into the drum 11 is significantly larger than the number of concrete blocks 10 . Based on volume, approximately 40% to 50% of impact bodies 15 and / or grinding bodies 16 are advantageously present in the drum 11 , based on the total volume of these impact bodies or grinding bodies 16 and the concrete form stones 10 . When grinding the concrete blocks 10, the aim is to ensure that, if possible, no concrete blocks 10 lie directly against one another during the relative movements, but rather that grinding wheels 16 are always moved between adjacent concrete blocks 10 .

The result of the grinding treatment is extremely fine tured, smooth concrete surface with slightly rounded Corners and edges.

The treatment methods described can be combined in any manner and with selectable intensity, ie grinding treatment with impact treatment and the "rumble" method. In the device according to FIG. 1, the mixture of concrete blocks, impact bodies 15 and / or grinding bodies 16 occurs such as the abrasion material of the concrete blocks 10 through the opening 14 from the drum 11 on bin separating unit, in particular a fine sieve 20th In the same area, the Feinma material is separated due to the abrasion or impact by sieving from the concrete blocks 10 and the impact bodies 15 or the grinding wheels 16 . The abrasion material falls down and can be used again in the production of concrete if necessary.

The mixture of concrete blocks 10 and impact bodies 15 and / or grinding bodies 16 is then conveyed to a subsequent separating device, here to a coarse screen 21 . In the same area, the concrete blocks 10 on the one hand and the impact body 15 and / or grinding body 16 on the other hand are separated from one another. The latter fall through through the coarse sieve 21 . The treated, ready-to-use concrete blocks 10 are placed on a conveyor 22 which conveys the concrete blocks 10 to a warehouse or to a palletizing system.

The impact body 15 and / or grinding body 16 arrive in the exemplary embodiment on a schematically illustrated return conveyor 23 , which feeds them back to the input side of the drum 11 . There, the impact body 15 and / or grinding body 16 are again introduced into the drum 11 with untreated concrete blocks 10 .

The system of FIG. 2 operates on the same principle. In this embodiment, following the outlet opening 14 of the drum 11, a mixture of impact bodies 15 and / or grinding bodies 16, on the one hand, and concrete abrasion and fracture, on the other hand, are separated from the concrete blocks 10 by the coarse sieve 21 . The mixture is conveyed back via the return conveyor 23 to the inlet region of the drum 11 . A fine sieve 20 is positioned here in order to free the impact bodies 15 and / or grinding bodies 16 from the abrasion. Otherwise, the procedure is the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 1.

Reference list

10 shaped concrete block
11 drum
12 sponsors
13 inlet opening
14 outlet opening
15 impact bodies
16 grinding wheels
17 longitudinal dimension
18 cross dimension
19 length
20 fine sieve
21 coarse sieve
22 conveyors
23 return conveyor

Claims (9)

1. A method for treating surfaces of concrete form stones ( 10 ), in particular concrete paving stones, concrete wall stones and the like, by relative movement of a plurality of concrete form stones ( 10 ) to one another, characterized in that the concrete form stones ( 10 ) are moved together with grinding and / or impact bodies ( 15 , 16 ) consisting of a material other than concrete, in such a way that outer surfaces and edges of the concrete shaped blocks ( 10 ) are ground and / or by impact of the impact bodies ( 15 ) be treated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Be clay-shaped stones ( 10 ), in particular concrete paving stones, with grinding wheels ( 16 ) made of a material of lower specific weight than concrete are moved relative to each other, the type that outer surfaces , Edges and corners of the concrete form stones ( 10 ) due to abrasion by the abrasive body ( 16 ) are ground. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the formed as a regular geometric body abrasive body ( 16 ) made of ceramic, plastic or the like be and are significantly smaller in size than the Be-shaped stones ( 10 ). 4. The method according to claim 1 or one of the other Ansprü surface, characterized in that concrete blocks ( 10 ), in particular special concrete bricks, with impact bodies ( 15 ) from a Ma material of higher specific weight than concrete are moved relative to each other , such that the impact bodies ( 15 ) hit corners, edges or the like on surfaces of the concrete blocks ( 10 ) with the formation of dents, craters and the like. 5. The method according to claim 1 or one of the other Ansprü surface, characterized in that the concrete blocks, in particular special concrete bricks, together with impact bodies ( 15 ) and grinding wheels ( 16 ) are exposed to a relative movement such that craters, dents and the like in the area of the upper surfaces caused by the impact body ( 15 ) and the surface also be ground by the abrasive body ( 16 ). 6. The method according to claim 1 or one of the other Ansprü surface, characterized in that the treatment of the concrete form stones ( 10 ) by impact bodies ( 15 ) and / or grinding bodies ( 16 ) with a relative movement of the concrete blocks ( 10 ) to each other is combined in which corners and edges are broken irregularly when the concrete blocks ( 10 ) meet. 7. Device for the treatment of surfaces of concrete form stones ( 10 ), in particular concrete paving stones, concrete wall stones and the like, by relative movement of a plurality of concrete form stones to one another, characterized in that the concrete form stones ( 10 ) with baffles (15) and / or grinding bodies (16) causing by a relative movement of the concrete shaped bricks (10) and baffle (15) or abrasive (16) treating device are hindurchförderbar, in particular by a rotationally driven drum (11), a Vibrating trough or the like. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that following an outlet opening ( 14 ) of the treatment device or drum ( 11 ) treated concrete blocks ( 10 ), impact body ( 15 ) and / or abrasive body ( 16 ) and abrasion material the concrete blocks ( 10 ) can be separated from one another, in particular by successively effective fine sieves ( 20 ) and coarse sieves ( 21 ). 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the concrete blocks ( 10 ) and the abrasion material rial separated impact body ( 15 ) and / or grinding body ( 16 ) by a return conveyor ( 23 ) to the inlet side of the treatment device or drum ( 11 ) can be returned and reinserted into the treatment cycle.