DE1955654A1 - Method and device for transporting cargo, in particular on bodies of water - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for transporting cargo, in particular on waters.

The invention relates to methods and devices for transport of cargo on water and especially at sea.

On the one hand, a modern, seaworthy cargo ship is exceptional great investment, but on the other hand is a large part of his life filled out with the loading, the @ p @ loading and the waiting time until dispatch. Furthermore, such a ship requires extensive furnace systems, which must be adapted to its tiny draft, its size and the cargo, which must be unloaded and stored as quickly as possible until a transport overland is planned and should take place. The versatility is also more like this Ship rather limited, that is, they are generally only used for the transport of less specific ones Types of cargo are designed and not easily applied to other types of cargo rearranged can be.

Furthermore, these cargo ships are with regard to the navigability of Inland waters are restricted because of their size, so that certain limits regarding Width and draft must be respected in order to allow passage through the large Channels between the seas is possible. In general, the channel charges sized according to the entire lonnace passing through, including the ship and represent a significant part of the costs of operating ocean-going vessels.

The invention aims to achieve the object described above Workload for the handling of freighters at the same time as the effort for to reduce the port facilities and operating costs, taking into account the handling resulting time losses should be largely eliminated.

In a device for the transport of Ladeg @ t, in particular on Waterborne, this task is solved by a carrier vehicle, which at least a load-bearing Üran with fastening and locking means for connection at least an object to be transported, in particular a transport vehicle, has in a position in which the object to be transported or the to objects to be transported have a rigid, uniform hull construction with the the supporting organ or organs.

As transport vehicles with the carrier drive @ e @ according to the invention cooperating barges are designed so that they can load themselves and can unload by providing a @ran in the middle, which winren @ the Travel below deck can be lowered, but raised so far when loading or unloading is that it interacts with rails located on deck and the discharge of the entire barge can take over, with its boom a significant distance Can be pivoted beyond the outline of the lighter, so that the load can be deposited on the bank or at another location. The lighter is always provided with a larger number of watertight cover plates, which must first be removed by hand so far that the crane can be raised above deck can, after which the remaining cover plates are removed from the crane, so that the cargo space more easily accessible.

In this case, one or more of the ones to be lifted by the crane preferably have Cover plates the length of a multiple of the other cover plates and are in this Case reinforced by means of beams or the like, so that these cover plates on a End can be hung on the crane, while the other sunde on the rails is set, after which this cover plate is moved over the lighter and a Builds a bridge to the country. This means that special moorings and port facilities are superfluous. The arrangement allows trucks to be taken directly from an undeveloped one or one of the banks of the banding bridge formed in the described ice drive on and move the cargo of the barge loaded or unloaded by the crane. The lighter has such a shallow draft that it can also be used on undeveloped banks or coasts can be driven close to the land.

The interior of the lighter can be fitted with a number of vertical supports to support the cover plates, also with departments of standardized size, which each be able to accommodate and enclose appropriately standardized transport containers and further be provided with connection points for metal dividers, which are more fluid during transport Charge can be used and a damping with respect to displacements of the liquid Enable charge.

The lighter according to certain preferred embodiments of the invention are therefore designed in such a way that they can transport any type of cargo, that also a cargo and loading on undeveloped banks without special, on Land provided facilities can be carried out that continue to be watertight transport the charge is possible and ultimately so that they are used as storage devices that can be anchored up on the sea or on large lakes they are unloaded for the purpose of direct transport of the load overland, without the need for temporary storage on land and without the lay time of the vehicles or ships concerned is increased.

The lighter are also preferably diametrically opposed to one another positive coupling organs and diametrically opposite negative coupling organs provided so that each lighter at each of its ends to a corresponding further Easier to connect and reduce the need for maneuvering required Time yields. For this purpose, the coupling organs are perpendicular to the barge Fixed in a moveable direction and also allow a pivoting movement, so that mobility in all directions is achieved within certain limits, whereby an adaptation to rough seas and a mobility between the individual Make a move easier to achieve.

The barges are appropriately equipped independently insofar as they cabins with berths for the crew of the barge, as well as propulsion engines have for independent drive.

The carrier ship comprising the lighter, which is used to transport the Easier used, has a movable or openable bow as access to a central cavity which, for example, has a T-shaped cross section and serves to accommodate lighter arranged one behind the other, for example are provided with side flanges, which in turn over the at the bottom of the ship's hulls provided flanges reach away from the boundary of the T-shaped cavity. Besides that are expediently lifting structures between the said flanges of the ship's hulls intended for lifting the barges within the mentioned cavity in such a way, that there is a rigid structural unit in which the barges are carried and within which the barges are locked so that they are together with the Carrier ship one Form a uniform hull construction. The lifting structures or suspensions for the barges are preferably each in the shape of a basket, which allows a free retraction of the barge or barges in the basket and then raised against the floor of the lighter and / or engaged with the floor is brought, with guide surfaces for aligning and defining the or the lighter are provided. At the same time, scenes or baffles are provided, which in the Engagement with the opposing hulls or the floating body parts of the carrier ship, so that there is a rigid connection between the one another opposite hulls or float frame parts below the waterline including the lighter results. Preferably, the lifting structures be raised individually for each of the various insertable barges or it is optionally possible to raise the barges at the same time, with the lifting constructions are provided with safety locking devices so that the lighter during which prevents unintentional falling or sinking, further are devices intended for the automatic dismantling of the barges which are in operation step when the barges are lowered in an emergency so that the individual barges can quickly get away from each other if there is a fire in one of the barges or the like. breaks out. The carrier vehicle and the other lighters are not damaged in this way.

In a preferred embodiment of the Erl; 'Indun-rs measured, the carrier ship comprising the lighter, this is preferably ctUS in each case separately manufactured and nctCilt 'following assembled, among each other constructed same middle sections, each in length the width of a Easier correspond and their number corresponding to the preferred to be transported Number of easy is chosen. In addition, in this embodiment is a for A bow section designed to accommodate the crew and a section to accommodate the machine Tail cut provided. The named sections can be prefabricated and can then be connected in the desired number, so that the most diverse Transport tasks can be fulfilled and at the same time by standardizing the parts the costs are reduced.

The stern section has at least one channel or passage to the Admission of the propeller below the waterline and furthermore are watertight Gates are provided, which can be tightly closed and thus close off a room, from which the water can be pumped out, after which the team has a third, tightly closing door for the purpose of repair work on the propeller can enter this space below the waterline while driving. The vehicle can even be repaired while driving, as it is in generally two separate independent machines with associated propellers owns. Immediately behind the associated propeller is each stern section provided with a rudder that protects against damage, for example from the light or in some other way by an immediately outside, all around, led backwards reaching Fin is protected.

The behavior of the united vehicle association at sea is thereby still improved that each of the intermediate sections of the carrier ship with separate and independent seawater ballasting and releasing devices, respectively is provided, each arranged immediately next to the associated lighter so that the ship's cargo is gradually balanced over the entire length of the ship can be and a compensation for particularly heavy or lightly loaded barges as well as with regard to those places where one or more barges miss. This allows a considerable increase in the life of the ship achieve.

They are useful for a carrier ship that encompasses the barges always used three sentences of lighter, so that some lighter himself to the Purposes of loading are located at a stopping point while another set of Lighter is dispatched at a different stopping point and a third set of lighter is on the way between the stops. So the carrier ship can drive into a dispatch station, the loaded barges within a period of time of minutes and take on a new group of lighters, after which the The ship is on the way again after another few minutes, while this was earlier Hours, weeks, or months were required. So there are considerable Savings regarding the idle time of the vehicle, regarding the waiting times of the Crew on the possibility of loading and discharge the Ship from the shore and regarding the payment of special tariffs for unloading of the ship at a time that is available on land Loading teams is unfavorable. The barges separated from a carrier vehicle can serve as storage for the cargo inside, up to transport options for land transport are available, so that expensive storage rooms on land are no longer necessary and the additional step of reloading from the storage rooms does not apply to the transport vehicles for overland transport. This additional Step had previously increased the risk of damage to the cargo and the Handling costs doubled.

Canal dues and other inland waterway fees are saved by the fact that the barges run transversely to the mother ship with respect to their Longitudinal dimension of any size can be carried out, so that within one Carrier ship an arrangement of several barges advantageous is carried side by side in any number, the carrier ship being the most economical can have advantageous large dimensions without restrictions on the limits to be observed by inland waterways. Got to the cargo traverses an inland waterway, so that gives the barges comprehensive carrier ship from the barges, which are then rotated so that their smallest dimensions run across the canal and the lighter are then through pulled the canal or drive through it with its own drive to then again picked up by another carrier ship on the opposite side of the canal za be. So there are no limits to the dimensions of the seaworthy Vehicles due to narrow channels or the like. And also a considerable Saving on sewer fees achieved, as there are none with regard to the carrier vehicle fees based on the tonnage must be paid.

The transport system according to the invention is also suitable for military purposes very suitable as the cargo is on the coast near the point where it is used can be deposited without the need for special landing stages, deep channels or Like. Are required. Furthermore, a lighter coupled or loaded Carrier ship can only be sunk by projectiles or torpedoes with great difficulty, since two completely independent, buoyant hulls and / or hull parts are provided, which in turn is appropriate as the jewells from a larger number independent, iger, floating sections are composed. But even if all @ 'sections of the two buoyant parts of the fuselage frame are perforated and filled with rasser the entire vehicle would still float because of the larger one Number of light would be carried, which are arranged inside the vehicle. Sinking these barges would be extremely difficult, as they are through the Total thickness of the hulls of the carrier ship on both sides would be protected, which after their perforation would also be filled with water.

The invention also includes design features on the carrier ships or their basket-like lifting devices to facilitate the guidance of the items to be introduced or lighter to be pushed out. Furthermore, measures and constructive training to remove the bow section from the resting position on the inner cavity of the ship proposed so that an entrance opening for the barges is released will. 1'measures are also proposed in order to use certain design features absorb shocks and damage to the ship or its basket-like lifting device the lighter to be able to avoid inside the ship.

Another notable feature of the invention is construction or measure to increase the mortar capacity of a seaworthy warship with regard to lighter to be introduced into this.

It is also significant that the invention creates the possibility will, by means of the buoyancy of the barge, contribute to the buoyancy of the ship afford to.

There are also facilities and mitigation measures of Suggested water flow resistance on the bottoms of the barges. Furthermore take certain measures to reduce the water flow resistance in the The bottom area of the bow section is indicated.

The invention also aims to specify means and measures to improve the independent action ability of each individual barge with regard to the storage and handling of its cargo.

It is noteworthy that according to the invention there is also a possibility is created, through which a lighter emerges from a muddy subsoil or rid yourself of a muddy coastal area.

Another feature of the invention is the reduction in water pressure in the bow area of each of the buoyant hull or frame parts and an elevation the effective lei rods of the propellers.

The invention also allows the lifting and transport of certain floating facilities for salvage, repair or test purposes.

The invention also provides means and measures for reduction or total avoidance of contact between the ship and / or its light weight on the one hand and the water surface on the other hand during the journey. Further the invention can be used in a certain modified form for fishing. Sorting and transporting of the Fish are made by size while too small Fish automatically to be released.

It should also be noted that the transverse ribs one Carrier ship according to the invention can be shortened or lengthened adjustable.

As previously mentioned, it can be achieved through special measures be that a ship according to the invention continues to float if a larger number of originally intended floats is damaged.

A certain modified form of the invention enables the adaptation of the carrier ship and / or the lighter to the intended use as a helicopter launch or Landing site.

Using certain devices is also a very advantageous one The barges can be coupled inside and / or outside the carrier ship. The greater part of the coupling devices for coupling the barges is practical arranged on the carrier ship, while the smaller part of the respective barges is carried. Certain precautions are important to enable all Easier to uncouple essentially instantly. Previously it was already on it pointed out that due to a special training of light trucks can be brought to and from them, which the loading and unloading It should also be noted that the lighter of the device according to the invention can be provided with support legs, which for the purpose of creating against the bottom of the water can be extended towards.

Flotsam or driftwood is expediently used by the Propellers kept away in order to effectively prevent their damage.

In addition, form special embodiments of the invention and advantageous combinations of the features briefly specified above of the attached claims.

The invention will now be referenced on the basis of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail on the accompanying drawings. In the drawings show: Figure 1 is a somewhat schematic side view of a carrier ship according to the invention and the lighters picked up by him, FIG. 2 a plan view of the arrangement According to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows an illustration of a bow section which can be moved in the vertical direction in section corresponding to a vertical longitudinal plane, FIG. 4 an enlarged Cross section corresponding to the sectional plane IV - IV indicated in FIG. 3, FIG 5 shows an enlarged cross-section through the central part of the inventive Carrier ship omitting the central area, with the central cavity of the carrier ship, a free-floating barge and the lifting devices are shown shown in the position assumed for picking up or dispatching the lighter are, FIG. 6 shows a partial cross section corresponding to FIG. 5, wherein however, the lifting devices and a lighter are raised to the transport position are shown, Figure 7 is a partial cross-section corresponding to a horizontal plane through the middle part of the ship, with certain areas of the barges for Clarification of the lifting devices are shown broken, Figure 8 a Partial section corresponding to a vertical longitudinal plane through the structural parts According to FIG. 6 and FIG. 9, a partial section corresponding to a vertical longitudinal plane by the structural parts according to FIG. 5, with the lifting device for better illustration who or the lighter is or are omitted, Figure io a plan view of two partially shown, coupled barges, in particular the Coupling devices are shown, figure i1 a partial section accordingly a vertical central longitudinal plane through the arrangement according to FIG. 10, FIG. 12 a perspective view of the interlocking parts of the coupling organs of a barge, FIG. 13 is a perspective view of one removed from the carrier ship basket-like Lifting device for a lighter, FIG. 14 a partial cross-section corresponding to the section line 14-14 indicated in FIG. 13> FIG. 15 is a perspective Bottom view of a lighter, with the upper part of the lighter omitted, FIG. 16 shows a somewhat schematically indicated view of a lighter with omission certain parts, FIG. 17 shows a cross section along a vertical central longitudinal plane through the lighter according to FIG. 16> FIG. 18 a representation similar to that of FIG 17, but with different positions of the crane during its lifting and are shown during the laying of a bridge and with two positions the bridge are indicated, FIG. 19 shows a partial cross section corresponding to that in FIG 17 indicated section line 19-19 for the representation of the bridge section running on rails, figure 20 is a similar illustration to FIG. 19, but shows the crane that is now in place of the bridge section stands on the rails, FIG. 21 shows an enlarged part of a part of the ship according to FIG. 1 to show a screw channel, FIG 22 shows a modified form of part of the arrangement according to FIG. 5, namely a swivel castor rotatably mounted on the inside of the basket-like lifting device, FIG. 23 shows a side view of a modified bow section with an indication of Devices for lifting the same in the vertical direction, FIGS. 24A and 24B perspective representations of further modified forms of the bow section, with means for pivoting the same up around the upper edge are indicated, figure 25 is a front view of another modified form of the bow section, which has a flat, three-cornered bottom, which is formed with triangular side walls hits in one point FIG. 26 shows a further modification of a part the arrangement of Figure 5, namely a different form of roller guide between a lighter and the basket-like lifting device, FIG. 27 a modified embodiment a carrier ship according to the invention with a triple hull and two sets basket-like lifting devices, Figure 28 a modified form of another part the arrangement of Figure 5, namely a device for depressing the outboards or flanges of a lighter, Figure 29 shows a cross-section through a lighter, which, in the illustrated embodiment, have notches running in the direction of flow in its bottom, Figure 30 shows a bottom view of the bottom of a barge Figure 29 and an associated bow section, Figure 31 is a side view of a Light crane with a retractable boom, Figure 32 a Similar representation of a light crane with a telescopic boom, FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a modified form of a barge with Nozzles for squeezing out water to free the barge from muddy ground, FIG. 34 shows a side view of a carrier ship according to the invention with a forward one and aft propellers 1 which are used to propel the ship in one Direction can be driven simultaneously, Figure 35 shows a modified form of the arrangement according to Figure 5, in which instead of the basket-like lifting devices chains or wire ropes are used, Figure 36 is a perspective view of a modified form of the device according to the invention as an air-class vehicle, FIG. 37A a perspective View of a fish box, which is in the basket-like lifting device of the carrier ship or is used instead of this lifting device, FIG. 37B a modified embodiment of the box according to FIG. 37A, FIG. 37C shows a cross section through the arrangement according to FIG. 37A, FIG. 37D a perspective illustration of a modified one again Form of an insert to be introduced instead of a lighter, FIG. 38 a top view to illustrate adjustable cross struts for changing the width of the invention Vehicle, Figure 39 is a perspective view of the entire carrier vehicle according to the invention, FIG. 40A shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIGS. 5 and 6 a modified arrangement of the barges and the ship's hulls, which enable the carriage additional lighters along the outer sides of the hulls e of the catamaran vehicle allows, Figure 40B a plan view of the arrangement according to ligur 40A and finally characters 41A and 41B Typical embodiments of thrusters, for example that in FIG 1 Art.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, has the carrier ship according to the invention or multi-hull ship has a bow section 2, on which the superstructures 3 to accommodate the crews and the captain are arranged, also a larger number of intermediate sections 4 on which Among other things, a chimney can be located, as well as a stern section 6 in which the Drive devices are housed. All of these sections are normally provided in pairs, so that two longitudinally extending floating bodies or frame parts 7 and 8, which in turn each, for example, from a Bow section, several identical intermediate sections and a stern section. These floating bodies or frame parts are interconnected in the transverse direction Frame parts that run above the waterline and extend in the transverse direction 9, furthermore by means of a corner frame part 10 and by means of a bow frame part 11 connected, so that there is a construction which is essentially the hull of a catamaran.

One or more of the frame parts 9, 10 and 11 can in turn also form self-contained floating bodies, so that the ship even then still floats if a large number of the other frame parts 7 and 8 are damaged have been.

At the four corners of the vehicle, thrusters 19 can each be individually or be provided in greater numbers that rotate in one way or another Enable direction or sideways movement of the vehicle and the intended Pumps can be reversible and the drive fluid, for example the seawater, either sucking in or discharging, for example by the in Motor M indicated in FIGS. 41A and 41B optionally in one or the other direction is reversed. As can be seen from Figure 41A, the propeller or the pump impeller is driven by the reversible motor M so that the fluid jet of the thruster acts in either one or the other seal.

According to a modified design shown in Figure 41B is for A screw conveyor is coupled to the reversible rotor M for the same purpose.

The floating frame bodies 7 and d shown are identical to each other, so that only one of them need be described in detail. Everyone who Floating frame body 7 or 8 contains in its stern portion 6 a drive machine 12, which via a screw shaft 13 at its end located propeller 14 drives in the usual manner. Part of the screw shaft 13 and the propeller 14 are located in one below the water line 16 located channel 15. For normal control purposes is in or on the inside immediately next to a rearwardly extending fin 18, a rudder 17 intended. The fin 18 protects the rudder 17 from damage caused by a collision Lighter or the like.

For making narrow turns or for maneuvering, the one according to the invention Carrier ship with one or more of the known thrusters 19 or with other rowing aids, which are located at or near the respective ends of the Floating frame bodies 7 and 8 are located. The thrusters 19 can be selectively in such Way to be operated that the carrier ship between the light through and around this can be maneuvered around so that it comes into a position which is to encompass or picking up the barges, this maneuvering for example carried out with the help of the ship's propellers or the barges can be. The floating frame bodies 7 and 8 can on their decks with rails be provided on which tractors can drive along which vehicles forward and move backwards, for example on wire ropes are attached between the hull parts of the catamaran carrier ship. Similar rails can on the top of the other, transverse frame parts 9, 10 and / or 11 may be provided.

The carrier ship 1 has a relatively shallow draft, which is only slightly larger than the draft of the lighter to be picked up when fully loaded Condition is. This results in a considerable advantage in terms of maneuverability in undeveloped ports or coastal areas. Determines the length of the carrier ship by the sum of the lengths of the bow section, the stern section and the in between in the respectively desired number of intermediate sections provided. All Ship sections 2, 4 and 6 are prefabricated parts and can be completed for completion of a ship of the desired length.

As will be described in more detail below, there are several in FIG Lighter 20 indicated, which are housed next to one another within the carrier ship 1 with the largest dimension of the barges running transversely to the carrier ship, i.e. the length of the barges is transverse to the normal direction of travel of the carrier ship 1 aligned.

The barges 20 drive into the interior of the carrier ship 1, namely in the space between the floating frame bodies 7 and 8 and under the frame parts 9, io and 11, preferably via an inlet opening 21 in the bow section 2 is provided, as can be seen in part from FIG. 3 of the drawings. Of the Inlet 21 can optionally be opened and closed by means of a bow wall part 22 by moving the bow wall part from the closed position shown in FIG is raised into the open position indicated by broken lines, so that fully loaded or completely empty barges swim through under this part of the bow wall can and can get into the central interior of the carrier ship 1. Additionally to this facility or instead of it, the carrier ship can move forward Take up speed that it is the barge on a provided in the stern of the carrier ship Leaves outlet behind. The bow wall part 22 extends in the case of the one shown Ausührungsform over the entire width of the carrier ship 1, but it can also span only part of this width and, for example, only between the floating frame parts 7 and 8 may be provided. While this feature is not essential, it is the bow wall part 22 has preferably essentially V-shaped in plan view Shape and is sloping backwards and forwards to allow the water to enter dividing bow results, which the driving characteristics and the flow resistance of the carrier ship 1 improved. It is too possible a similar one To provide inlet or outlet at the stern of the ship 1, which with a corresponding or another closure piece can be locked.

Certain parts of the superstructure of the carrier ship 1, which normally for passenger transport with lounges, entertainment rooms and cargo holds are provided, can be designed on their top so that they can be used as a starting and landing place for helicopters can be used. The same applies to the Decks of the individual barges.

The total height of a ship according to the invention from the bottom the bottom of a barge 20 to the top of a frame part 9 is for example about 20 m.

From Figures 4 and 5 it can be seen that the bow wall part 22 on its essentially perpendicular path between the open position and the locking bar is guided by a number of rollers 23 and rails 24 is. Preferably, the rollers 23 are rotatable on stationary parts of each of the Floating frame body 7 and 8 and the bow frame part 11 mounted and the rails 24 are attached to the bow wall part 22 so that they are associated with the respective Roles 23 can work together.

The rails are each provided with inwardly bent flanges 25, which are in contact with the rollers 23 and at the same time an Iferausbewegung of the roles from within the rails 24 prevent. In the figures 3 and 4 are only the rollers and rails of a guide structure in the middle Area of the bow wall part 22 shown, but are corresponding guide structures with rails and rollers between the bow wall portion 22 and each of the floating frame bodies 7 and 8 are provided, but the rollers 23 on the latter essentially over arranged the entire vertical height of the floating frame part in question are. The bow wall part 22 is provided with an outer wall 26 which essentially runs over the entire width and height of the floating frame parts 7 and 8 and with their upper edge a substantially horizontally extending plate part 27 along it The leading edge is connected and finally is a substantially perpendicular one Rear wall 28 is provided, which in turn at its upper end with the rear edge the plate 27 is connected, so that the rollers 23 and the rails 24 formed Guide structure is essentially protected in a housing. As a safety measure, the lower end of the rear wall 28 is shown in FIG Way a certain distance above the adjacent part of the deck of the bow frame part 11 held, so that injuries to crew members of the ship for example by pinching the feet. Within the by the parts 26, 27 and 28 formed protective housing is also one of telescopic hydraulic jacks or pistons and cylinders Drive mechanism 29, which is assigned to each of the guides formed from rollers and rails, so that so that at the two front ends of the floating frame parts 7 and 8 and on the At the top of the bow wall part 22, a drive member is provided in each case. The bottom End 30 of the front wall 26 of the bow wall part 22 takes place in a corresponding one Slot recording, which is attached to the bow section 2 at its deepest points only is provided in the area of the floating frame parts 7 and 8. This means that yourself between the floating frame parts 7 and 8 below the inlet opening 21 no fixed ones Construction elements are located.

The bow section of the ship can also be modified, as shown in FIGS. 23, 24A, 24B and 25. In Figure 23 is a training of the bow, in which the sides converge to form a fore stem 116a. In FIG. 24A, the front post 116b is shown curved downwards and ends at the transverse ship's floor. In this embodiment are Hinges 122 are provided at the top, allowing the bow to open the inlet be swiveled up around the hinges for the lighter ones can. The bow can be guided by means of a piston guided in a pressure cylinder 193 be raised as shown in Figure 24A, or it can be used for this purpose Pulley system 125 according to Figure 24B can be used. A window 120 enables allows the captain to see through the bow section when the bow section is raised is.

A third embodiment of the bow is indicated in FIG. In this embodiment, the underside 124 of the front stiffener 116c is flattened and sloping down towards the ship's bottom, so that a streamlined Form results. All butforms shown are preferably provided with front grooves 129, which are aligned with corresponding grooves 126 in the lighter, as in the figures 25, 29 and 30 is indicated.

The structure of the intermediate sections 4 of the floating frame parts 7 and 8 is shown in more detail in FIGS.

The dividing lines 32 between adjacent, identical Intermediate sections 4 are clearly shown in FIG.

Normally, the floating frame parts 7 and 8 each have two Subsections for approximately each lighter width, with each subsection preferred has an upper and a lower equalizing tank.

As mentioned before, sections 2, 4 and 6 are prefabricated and by welding and / or screwing, by riveting or similar fastening means joined together along the lines 32 so that a uniform, rigid structure results. Each of the sections 4 contains a hollow, inner ballast space 33, which optionally or partially so filled with sea water fireplace that the weight compensation and the weight distribution within the entire carrier ship 1 can be improved. That The ballast chambers 33 can be filled or emptied by suitable means Pumps or the like. take place, which are not shown here. A lighter 20 is between a pair of intermediate sections lying opposite one another in the transverse direction 4 shown. Differences in loading between the light ones or the lack of it a lighter in one place can accordingly be taken up or removed from Ballast in the associated intermediate section 4, regardless of the processes be balanced in other intermediate sections 4.

Each of the intermediate sections 4 and also the bow section 2 as well the stern section 6 each have one below in a characteristic manner the waterline inwardly facing flange 34, and these flanges include inside a number of telescopic hydraulic jacks or cylinders guided piston 35 or similar lifting equipment. The top ends of the piston rods the jacks are attached to outwardly directed flanges 36 which are in one piece connected to a lifting or suspension device or a basket 37, a such lifting or suspension device 37 is in each case a pair facing each other Intermediate sections 4 assigned. A comparison of Figures 5 and shows that that the hydraulic jack 35 for lowering (Figure 5) or for raising (Figure 6) the lifting or suspension devices 37 can be used.

The basket-like lifting or hanging device can, as in FIG 35 is indicated at 127, by chains, wire ropes or the like. Are replaced which preferably with connected on both sides of the catamaran carrier and for lifting sunken ships or submarines or other underwater devices, like diving bells or diving balls or by means of which vehicles to be examined, how, for example, submarines can be hung up or towed. However these devices can also be used instead of the basket-like lifting devices for lifting purposes the lighter can be used in the locking position.

As is also shown in FIG. 28, the lifter 35 can also be attached to the Be anchored to the top of the ship or near the deck and push downward, to support itself against the outer flange 42 of a lighter and the lighter to push deeper into the water, lifting the carrier ship and a bigger one Receives a boost.

The structure of the basket-like lifting devices 37 is shown in more detail in FIG 13 shown. Such a lifting device contains several transverse ones Carrier 38 and longitudinally extending carrier 39, which with the flange parts 36 are so rigidly connected that they move with them. Each of the porters 38 and 39 each suitably has an upwardly directed profile surface, which is wedge-like with a correspondingly shaped, downward-facing profile of grooves 40 and 41 in the bottom of the barge 2o cooperates, as in Figure 15 of the Drawings is indicated. So the basket-like lifting device 20 rises so far at that it rests against the bottom of a barge 20, so find the carrier 38 and 39 in the grooves 40 and 41, respectively, receiving and aligning with the bottom the wedge-shaped design the respective barge 20 within the lifting device 37, while at the same time a very useful, rigid connection between the lifting device and the lighter gives what shifts in horizontal Direction effectively prevented. In Figure 6, although the bottom of the barge 20 is above shown located on the underside of the carrier 38, these surfaces normally lie for fluidic reasons in the same plane. is the basket-like lifting device 37 raised so that it rests against the lighter 20 below, so come the flange parts 36 of the device 37 also with the outwardly facing flanges 42 of the lighter 20 in contact, so that the weight of the lighter in question is partly due to the Flange parts 36 of the basket-like sub-device and partly through its carrier 38 and 39 is included. The flanges 42 of the lighter can be used for this purpose Strongly reinforced and thickened so that they cover the greater part of the Total weight of a loaded lighter to be able to absorb when the lighter is in the locked position. At the same time can storage rooms or storage rooms and common rooms for the crew of the lighter are created after the flanges, for example, have a vertical height of around 3 m.

The inside of the hulls of the catamaran carrier ship can also formed in the shape shown in FIG. 37O be, where separate, independently working hydraulic drive cylinders provided which are normally operated synchronously when a lighter is lifted and is locked and of which a group for raising the basket-like lifting device 37 is used, while an independent second group is used to raise the lansches of the lighter is used.

In any case, it is to be avoided that the flange 42 of the lighter wider than the respective Flandschteil 36, which is then such a piece is to be made longer so that the flange 42 in no way against the disordered on the ship, T-shaped guide rails 44 can strike.

The @@ those of the barges are expediently provided with grooves or channels, which run in the transverse direction and reduce the drag in the water, if the lighter is located in the basket-like lifting device, with the grooves then or channels 126 run longitudinally of the ship. From Figure 29, for example to see that of said channels, preferably certain channels close to the ground of the lighter are widened like a wedge, so that .9iCfl profiled channels 12d result, which the carrier 39 shown in Figure 15 receive, while there are still the channels running in the direction of flow are located for the passage of the water. It can be seen from FIG. 30 that the bow section also has corresponding channels or has openings provided in the bottom, these being provided in the bow section Channels with channels 126 and 128 the light curse tone.

The barges can be equipped with pumps that suck in water and via nozzles below and along the front, side walls and floor, preferably under variable Y) 'squeeze legs in different directions, as shown in Figure 33, in this way to get the lighter out of muddy areas get released.

On the nozzles, the side nozzle openings can preferably be individually and are attached separately as thrusters to support the rudder system to serve the lighter. In Figure 33 it is shown that a bottom run around the bow Pipeline 130 sideways iron 132 and along the floor, has downwardly and rearwardly directed nozzles 134.

The interior of the carrier ship above the flanges 34 is evident essentially by two channel-shaped recesses open towards one another, which receive the protruding upper outboards or flanges 42 of the barges. It should be noted that this arrangement can also be chosen the other way round, so that protrusions protrude inward from the floating frame parts 7 and 8, while in the side walls of the lighter channel-shaped recesses are provided. Even the flanges 42 and the channel-shaped recesses can be closer to the bottom of the lighter be arranged.

It should also be noted that the carriers 38 and 39 are also formed iloltl can be a buoyant means, tightly enclosed in their iniates, for example contain trapped gas or air, so that the carriers contribute to the total lift. The carrier 38 can either be in be arranged in a fixed position or omitted.

A guide of the basket-like lifting devices 37 for the movement between the positions shown in Figures 5 and 6 is for example by Outwardly opening, in cross-section T-shaped slots 43 formed which are provided in each of the flange parts 36 of the device 37 and which with corresponding vertical rails 44 with a T-shaped cross-section cooperate, which are attached to the inner wall of the floating frame parts 7 and #. Another agitation is formed by ollen 45, which are attached to the vertical inner wall of the flanges 34 of the floating frame parts 7 and 8 are rotatably mounted and umsahliessenden within them, Run in cross-section T'-shaped rails 46, each on the opposite parts of the basket-like lifting device shown in more detail in FIGS. 5, 13 and 14 37 are arranged.

When the barges 20 are introduced into the carrier ship 1 in which can be seen from FIG. 5 moves into the associated lifting devices 37 act with the rounded nth and the side walls of the barges 20 several ollen 47 together, which are rotatable about vertical axes on the respective lifting device 37 are stored. In this way, the lighter can without difficulty be brought into the position shown in Figure 5 by only the carrier ship 1 is driven over a free-floating lighter because the side rollers 47 a misalignment between the respective barge 20 and the carrier ship 1 and prevent precise horizontal guidance for the side walls running against them the lighter form.

A vertical guide between the respective barge 20 and the associated Iiubvorrichtung 37 during the lifting process for moving the barge from the position shown in Figure 5 to the position shown in Figure 6 is through reached a plurality of rollers 48, each rotatable about horizontal axes are mounted on the device 37 and against the side wall of the relevant Easier to put on and thereby facilitate its movement with respect to the device 37, as can be seen when looking at FIGS. 5, 6, 13 and 14. As alternative balls stored in pans can be used for rollers 47 or 48 or for both rollers 136 may be provided, which are shown in Figure 26 and by shock-absorbing Means 138, for example, made resilient using a powder could be. A swivel castor 140 can also be used, as shown in FIG 22 is indicated, it being possible for a trap roller 142 to be provided.

If a lighter is in the locked position, so it is understood that each of its side walls is a considerable distance apart from the opposite side of the associated lifting device. The roles and the shock-absorbing connections therefore do not have to take on the task of the barges in a vertical direction or in a transverse direction within the carrier ship to sharpen.

If the lighter is narrower than the basket-like lifting device, the side walls of the lighter are preferably each at a certain distance held by the flange 34 of the ship. Another flange part 36 of the lifting device also does not extend so far beyond the flange area 34. Under these Under certain circumstances, the hydraulic jacks 35 are each so on the flange 3; s opposite the body of the ship 1 offset that the pins or bolts 49 below the Openings 50 come to lie in the flange parts 36.

The vertical pins or bolts 49, which in larger numbers are provided, are used to align the barges 20, the basket-like lifting devices 37 and the floating frame parts 7 and 8. Each of the bolts 49 is one associated with the telescopic fever 35 and the bolts 49 are shown in FIG retracted position and shown in Figure 6 in the extended position the actuation of the hydraulic prefer 35 are expediently the bolts first or pins 49 extended, which then extend through the aligned bores 75 (see Figure 10) in the Flanges 42 (see Figure 6) of the lighter Slide 20 and then engage in suitable openings or rings 41 on the Underside of the frame parts 9 are arranged. It goes without saying that appropriate sound structures for the frame parts 1o and 11 are provided. After the lighter 20 have been raised completely into the position according to Figure 6, the bolts 49 pushed completely through the blade 51, after which it can be moved in the transverse direction Safety split pins 52, for example by means of solenoids, hydraulic jacks or the like. be moved inwards either by hand or automatically, so that the safety pins 52 engage in correspondingly formed slots 54 of the bolts 49 (see Irigur 6) and lock the bolts 49, which can be moved in the vertical direction. This will the entire telescope assembly 35 regardless of its impact in the in Figure 6 secured position shown, so that the barge 2o safe in the position of Figure 6 can be held without the risk of falling or being lowered when a malfunction occurs in the lifters 35.

As noted above, the floating frame parts 7 and 8 are above the Waterline by means of the frame parts 9, 1o and 11 so rigidly connected to one another, that a catamaran hull results, but preferably there is no fixed one or rigid connection between the floating frame parts 7 and 8 below the waterline 16, as from the figures 5 and 6 of the drawings can be seen, so that free entry and free delivery of the barges 20 is possible, in particular, if both the bow and the stern of the carrier ship have openings for receiving or are intended for the delivery of barges. A constructive strength between the Frame parts 7 and 8 below the waterline will if necessary during the Drive achieved by the construction specified below. The lowest part of the Basket-like lifting devices 37 are in each case with outwardly pointing in the longitudinal direction extending ilanschen 55 provided, which can be seen particularly well from FIGS. 5 and 13 are recognizable. These Ilans 5, have upwards and inwards directed, wedge-shaped frofiling strips, which are shaped so that they are wedge-like slots 36 in the bottom of the flanges 34 cooperate, as one can see the figures 5 and 6 can be seen. Are the strips 55 and the slots 56 according to the figure 6 in engagement with one another, they form a fixed connection between the frame parts 7 and 8 and the lifting device 37, and in particular the carriers 3o and 39 of the same, so that a rigid cross connection between the floating frame parts while driving 7 and 8 can be produced. The cross connection or cross bracing is through the floats of the barges 2o are further reinforced, since the barges are more similar Way firmly connected to the supports 38 and 39 due to their profile slots 40 and 41, respectively are.

As can be seen from Figure 10 of the drawings, the lighter 20 during storage or keeping ready, while driving through canals, during the delivery to the carrier ship as well as for reasons of stability within the Carrier ship to be joined together to form a chain association. The connection is produced by means of several couplings 57, with the barge on the long sides to establish the connection between two light units, two couplings each are. Each of the clutches 57 consists of a negative clutch member 58 and one positive coupling organ 59. The positive coupling organs are located on a lighter on opposite sides diametrically opposite and also lie the negative coupling members 58 on opposite sides of the barge each other diametrically opposite.

In this way every lighter can tackle any side each side of a different lighter can be coupled. This training makes it easier the relatively laborious maneuvering and handling of the barges, which leads to result in corresponding savings in terms of time and costs.

For each coupling, one can, for example, be installed on the lighter Cross-section T-shaped, vertically running slot guide or channel rail be provided which consists of two mutually directed, Z-shaped in cross-section Profile rails or the like. Is produced on the long sides of the barges 20 are welded or fastened in some other way. Preferably is at least one of the negative or positive coupling organs provided with two rollers 61, which each on an associated, Z-shaped rail delimiting the roller guide 60 engages, the guide rollers 61 mounted in pairs on horizontal bearing journals are, in turn, each at the inner end of a T-shaped fastener are attached, in the manner to be recognized from Figures 11 and 12 with a Neck piece 62 is provided. The outer end of the neck piece 62 carries a disk-shaped one nopf 63. The rollers 61, the neck piece 62 and the head 63 are for example on all coupling members 58 and 59 formed identically. With this one Exemplary embodiment are the positive and negative coupling members 58 and 59, respectively each provided with an opening 64 running in the horizontal direction, which in each case in the interior of the coupling member with a perpendicular to it horizontal bore 65 has connection. The neck piece 62 each substantially same diameter as the horizontal bore 65 and is rotatably mounted in this, wherein the head 63 is rotatably arranged within the opening 64. Because of of the rollers 61 guided in the rails 60, the coupling 57 can accordingly be in vertical weighting and at the same time is due to the rotatable bearing the fialsstückes 62 given a freedom with respect to pivoting, so that In terms of effectiveness, there is a universal connection between two within certain limits neighboring, zasammengeschloseenen lightness results in differences in depth and movement on the ground relatively rough seas as well as with separate Raising the basket-like lifting devices in the carrier ship are compensated. Even can this relative movement in the production of the coupling between the light units be exploited.

As can be seen particularly well from FIGS. 11 and 12, it has the negative coupling member 58 has a U-shaped mouth, which has the breakthrough 64 and the web containing the horizontal bore 65 and two opposite one another Legs 66 formed wira. The positive coupling member 59 is provided with a tongue 67 provided, which in the coupled state between the legs 66 of the Rupplungsorganes 58 intervention c. rch the two legs 66 and the tongue 67 of the coupling members 58 or 59 a vertical bore 68 is guided, wherein. all sections of this Align the borehole in the coupled state in the vertical direction and a coupling pin 59 to connect two barges to each other able to accommodate one of the coupling members, in the embodiment of Figure 11, the negative coupling member 58 is with a Equipped in the representation partially covered chain 70, at the other end there are means for detachable fastening of an eyelet 71, which in turn attaches itself to the coupling pin 69 is attached * so that when uncoupling the lighter the coupling pin 69 is held in place by the chain 70 and prevents the clutch pin from being lost is, being the barges 20 are in the raised transport position, As indicated in Figure 6 of the drawings, a chain 72 is terminated with its upper end is attached to the frame parts 9, 1o or 11, with its lower end The end is detachably connected to the eyelet 71 of the coupling pin 69. The detachment of the Coupling pin 69 of the chain 70 and the connection to the chain 72 is of carried out by a crew member of the barge or the carrier ship.

The training described represents an advantageous safety measure because if a fire breaks out on one of the barges or if others occur, for the crew, the carrier ship or the other lighters in a dangerous condition A suitable emergency lever was operated on a barge by the captain in command can be, which a rapid lowering of the basket-like lifting devices 37 in the lower position of Figure 5 triggers, so that the lighter 2c is quickly lowered will. When this happens, the coupling pins 69 are automatically removed from the Bores 68 of the coupling organs pulled out and the lighter are automatically uncoupled. The carrier ship can then quickly raise the bow section and / or release the already open outlet at the stern and release it as quickly as possible the lighter from its interior (i.e. the carrier ship travels under its own power over the barges), so that the damage spread to the carrier ship is avoided and the barges swim around freely separated from each other, so that in the worst case only one Is more easily destroyed. Can he lighters on fire or damaged in any other way will not be rescued, so if the carrier simply turns around, it picks up the remaining barges again and continues on his way.

In Figures 10 and 12, the conical, beveled or pointed ones Areas 73 of the negative coupling members 58 shown, which as sliding profile surfaces act in appropriately designed, inclined surfaces 74 of the positive coupling members 59 intervene. The interlocking of the inclined surfaces 73 and 74 is a Guidance achieved in which transverse forces are generated, through which the lighter aligned with respect to each other during the coupling process so that the insertion of the coupling pin 69 does not cause any difficulties.

It should be noted that, for example, those shown in FIG Coupling members 58 and 59 and their associated guide rails shown in FIG 60 can also be arranged on the carrier ship according to another embodiment. In this other embodiment, the channel-like guide rails can, for example Arranged back to back as a structural unit between the barges and preferably adjustable to be attached to the carrier ship. Then only have to go to the lighter the corresponding tongue sections 67 or

Coupling legs 66 may be provided on each barge in certain, permanent positions are intended. At this The embodiment is that containing the guide rail and / or the pair of guide rails Construction advantageously flexible to those on the top of the ship extending frame parts 9, 1o or 11 connected, in particular by means of a ball joint can happen, the l <'guide rails by means of a Counterweight can be raised and by a counterweight relieving Device can be lowered into the coupling position.

The chains 72 can be made by haulable wires, wire ropes, or the like be replaced and are preferably chosen so long that the coupling pin does not be pulled out when the barges for the purpose of removal from the carrier ship be lowered into the lower position. If, however, the lighter is in the locking position are raised, the chains or wire ropes are shortened or in another Way adjusted with respect to their connection point to an operating lever, the can be moved via an emergency lever in such a way that the coupling pin 69 to be withdrawn immediately.

The barges can either use the neighboring barges be coupled together one after the other or all of the lighters are brought into place, then coupled together and / or simultaneously raised.

The basket-like liubvorrichtungen can in other embodiments the invention will be abandoned and make up the hydraulic jacks then the lifting device for the lighter itself. To train a a sufficiently rigid connection between the hulls of the carrier ship is, however, close at hand the stern of the ship is provided with a cross member, which supports the rear ends of the hulls connects with each other. To get a free entry or a free exit of the lighter to enable such a cross member on one side of the floating frame of the The carrier ship can be arranged pivotably or telescopically, the cross member is located behind the space provided for the last lighter. An alternative provides for the cross member to be designed in such a way that it occurs during the interest rate or the Escape of light with respect to the carrier ship in a vertical position Can be swiveled up and after the passage of the barge into a horizontal one Position is pivoted, after which the carrier on the opposite side of the Floating frame of the carrier ship is locked or otherwise secured. Instead of a basket-like lifting device, which extends over the entire route extending between the ship's hulls, a two-part construction can also be used as indicated in Figure 40A at 177a.

The vertically extending openings 75, which according to FIG. 1o in the flanges 42 of the lighter 20 are arranged, fulfill a twofold task. On the one hand, as already mentioned, these openings take the vertical direction moved forward pin 49 of the for lifting the lighter used hydraulic jack 35 on. On the other hand, the openings mentioned act with suitable ones Hooks or gripping means together, which either individually when towing the barge along their length or as a coupled chain along their width.

Since the clutches 57 are safe from a very considerable load have to withstand when the barges are coupled together, they are proportionate heavily constructed so that it is difficult to handle.

Thus, as shown in Figure 11 of the drawings, are exemplary Counterweights are provided, which the weight of the coupling construction 57 essentially balance. The assembly includes a strand, wire rope, chain 76 or The like, which with one end 77A to the coupling member 5 or 59 in question is connected and is guided between its ends over a roller 77B, which is rotatably mounted on a horizontal axis, which in turn on the relevant Lighter 20 is attached. The other end of the wire rope or chain 76 is attached to a counterweight 78, which by means of rollers 79 in the vertical direction is guided freely movable within a housing 80, which is attached to the relevant Lighter 20 is provided.

Further details of the construction of a lighter are given in US Pat Figures 16 through 20 of the drawings are shown. the long side walls For example, @@ have a length of 60m, while the two short side turns Measure S2 about 27 @. If, for example, ten barges are to be accommodated in a carrier ship, thus measures the total length of the ten intermediate steps required in this case over 270 n. The depth of the barges to their bottom @ 3 is preferably approximately 9 m, so that together with the sidewalls essentially the shape of a to the top hir offeren Kasters results.

The interior of the lighter is preferably more perpendicular with a variety Supports or saddles @@ provided, which the interior @ of the respective barge Subdivide into a corresponding number of essentially cuboid spaces. the Supports or columns 52 each form four right-angled corner areas, which the edges of standardized transport containers 85 include and accommodate. Additionally are the supports or pillars 8 @ shaped so that four slots entsveher into which at Transporting liquid cargo compartment plates 86 can be used.

A lighter according to the invention can thus be used to shear Material, such as grain to be transported, he can also be used to transport a large number of standardized @ ter @ transport containers or 85 containers that are sent to the Supports or pillars 8 @ can be held and finally the lighter can also or used instead of the specified purposes for the transport of liquids using compartment plates 86 which are appropriately perforated are so that there is a damping effect with regard to shifts in the charge can be canceled. The supports or columns 54 can also be through transverse bulkheads be formed, which are provided with vertical splashes on both sides are, so that the functions to be fulfilled by the pillars can be realized. The flanges can be interrupted, but are preferably designed continuously, so that the @ontainer 55 are better managed.

The cargo and the interior of the lighter are preferably through a A large number of cover plates 8 are protected, which are flush with the supports 8 the flanges 42 of the calibrator are stripped. Close the @ corner plates, 8 @ Longitudinal @hrer @ änder thickens against each other and thus form a watertight deck for the whole chersette of the lighter-The cover plates are preferably 2.7 mx 9 n and thus correspond to the rectangular shape of the four neighboring ones Nozzle 84 of limited space and they are designed in their weight @ so that they can be lifted by hand through the loading of the lighter.

Prefer @ ermalen is located in the middle area the lighter is an elongated one that extends vertically downwards on its own four sides closed space in which an Eran 88 with a pivotable Boom 89 is housed. In the driving position or in the rest position of the crane 88 is its boom 69 on a fixed bracket 90 within a horizontal running, open at the top, trough space, which only the the upper part of the lighter occupies and from a bottom 8 @ and side walls 92 is limited. The trough-shaped space for the boom can be provided by two cover plates usual size to be covered, while the space to accommodate the crane, if if this is in the position according to Figure @ - is covered by a cover plate which corresponds to the cover plates located next to the Eran 88.

The cover plate can also be fixed to its roof above the crane be connected so that it is lifted when the crane is moved upwards.

If the crane is now to be used, the cover plates, which cover the housing of the crane and the trough-like space for the boom, preferably removed by hand and then by the crew of the barge four hydraulic jacks 93 located in the housing for the crane acted upon, so that the crane moves from the position shown in Figure 17 to the position which is indicated on the left side of FIG. The crane can handle four Wheels 94 be provided, which have a flange in the usual way and on two parallel rails 95 run, which are raised by the hydraulic jack 93 will. If the position according to FIG. 18 is reached, the rails 95 are also aligned corresponding, parallel rails 96, which are on the boom housing 91, 92 opposite side of the crane housing are designed so that the crane 88 along the rails 95 and 96 in one position can drive up, in which it is located directly next to the flange 42 on the right in FIG and is used to load or unload @transported goods.

Of course, the hydraulic jacks 93 and also the @ The hydraulic jack 35 mentioned above and also the other drive elements mentioned be replaced by suitable means for raising or countersinking, for example Winches, wire ropes, lever assemblies, rack and pinion gears and similar construction be considered.

On the side of the crane opposite the boom housing 91, 92 there is preferably a long cover plate 97 over the rails 96, which closely adjoins the other cover plates and is also used as a bridge can be, for which purpose it is provided with supports 98 shown in FIG. That The inner end of the bridge 97 has veins 99 suitably provided with a flange, which are indicated in Figures 18 and 19 and on the mutually parallel Rails 96 can run along.

The opposite or outer end of the cover plate serving as a bridge 97 carries anchoring means which cooperate with the crane hook of the jib 89 100 so that the crane can lift the outer end of the cover plate and then use the of its own drive along the rails 96 moves forward so that the bridge 97 from the position shown in Figure @ 6 via the in Figure 18 with continuous Lines The intermediate position shown finally reaches a position shown in FIG 18 is indicated in dash-dotted lines, the bridge a distance of for example, spanned approximately 30 m from the barge 2o to the shore or to the coast lol. From Figures 16 and 18 it can be seen that the right-hand flange 42 of the Easier preferably has a slot-like cutout 1o2, which is from a Plate part 103 of the bridge 97 is covered when the bridge is in the FIG 16 is the position shown and which is the end of the bridge reaching through 97 receives when the bridge is brought into the right position according to Figure 18, wherein the rear flange wheels 99 as pivot bearings against the ends of the rails 96 are supported.

If the barge 20 and the bridge 97 are in the one shown in FIG state indicated on the right by dash-dotted lines, so can a truck driving from the coast onto bridge 97, so that it can pass through the self-propelled crane can be loaded directly from the barge and the need for special piers, docks, and unloading facilities or a bank expansion is unnecessary. Also, once the crane 88 has entered the in the position shown in Figure 18 has been brought to remove the remaining Cover plates 87 can be used so that all of the cargo is exposed.

In the modified embodiment shown in FIG an extension piece 156 can be pivotably articulated to one end of the boom 98, so that the boom is housed in a smaller storage space in the lighter can be. According to an alternative, the extension piece 156 according to FIG 32 instead of a hinge-like folding back onto the boom 98 also telescopically be retractable in the boom 98 so that it is in a small space within of the boom housing 91, 92 can be accommodated.

On one of the shorter sides 82 of the barge are usually useful two motor housings arranged, which extend in the vertical direction and above are open, so that prime movers 104 either by hand or by means of suitable Drives can be pulled up. The prime movers 1o4 can turn 90 degrees be pivoted so that the overhung and downward propeller pivoted and moved over the upper edge of the wall 82 and then over the cutout 1o6 of the adjacent flange 42 can be removed again, so that the propeller goes below the waterline 16 and the barge 20 able to drive. This general type of propeller propulsion engine is known in and of itself, but the special training in connection with The present invention is of particular importance, particularly in the light of the present on the attachment and suspension of the drive units, the possible ability of lifting, turning and lowering from the storage space into the water Purposes of propulsion of the lighter.

The lighter can also be designed in which one end section opens or swings down in the manner of landing craft can be and a ramp, for example for the entry and exit of transport vehicles or forms tractors, to which, for example, trailers located in the lighter can be coupled. Furthermore, lighter according to the invention with steel feet be provided, preferably each at the corners and also at certain intervals can be provided in between and which are supported against the bottom of the water so that by means of these feet the barge can be anchored as securely as a pier will.

The screw channel of the carrier ship 1 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG Figure 21 is shown in more detail, the propeller and the propeller shaft from Reasons for better clarity are omitted. The screw channel 15 has a water inlet 107 and a water outlet 108.

The water inlet 1o7 can go through two in opposite directions sliding gates 109 are closed, which either interlocking V-shaped edges or similar means, which have a tight seal result, preferably not shown, nacilglebiger Dichtungsstre ifen is interposed. Each of the sieve gates 1o9 is by means of a suitable hydraulic drive or similar drive means 110 operable.

Hydraulic jacks 112 are used in a corresponding manner Sliding gates 111 to close off the water outlet 1o8. The lower lifter is telescopic extendable and acts on an intermediate transmission lever 113, so that proper actuation within the limited space under the screw channel 15 available space can be done. An accessible to the crew, Watertight space 114 has a watertight door 115 with the screw channel 15 connection.

During normal operation of the carrier ship 1, the gates are open 109 and 111 are open, while the door 115 is locked, as can be seen in FIG can, so that the Plasser flows freely through the channel 15 when it is of the Propeller is driven through. Has the propeller been damaged? or if it needs to be repaired or serviced in any other way, the gates are opened 1o9 and in1 by means of the associated hydraulic drives 11o and 112, respectively closed, so that (3 the inlet and outlet openings 107 and 108, respectively, are closed and a watertight closure of the screw channel 15 is achieved.

Thereafter, the pump 116 is put into operation, which from the now tightly sealed screw channel 15 pumps out the water. After a sufficient Emptying the screw channel 15, the door 115 is opened, so that workers to get access to the propeller and its shaft and the necessary Be able to carry out work. This construction is extremely advantageous, as it opens up the possibility of repairing the propeller and its shaft the high seas in a simple and economical manner, doing such repair work can even be carried out while the ship is in motion, which is then carried out by the other screw continues to be driven.

FIG. 34 shows a ship propeller arrangement that is modified from FIG shown, in which the screw channel 15 extends over the entire length of the ship extends towards, as is illustrated in FIG. 34 by the channel 144. The prime mover unit 146 can be coupled to screw shafts 147 and 148 on both sides, on their A bow propeller 149 and a stern propeller 151 are located at the ends. However, it is also possible to have separate drive machines for the individual propellers to be provided. Preferably, the channel 144 is provided with a grille or one at each end Provide steering devices that keep driftwood or other floating debris away, that could get into the screw channel and damage the propeller or the propellers would lead.

From the foregoing it can be seen that the invention provides a carrier ship is created, which is very economical from a large number of prefabricated frame sections can be made so that eventually a finished one Carrier ship results, which is independent of restrictions due to the dimensions inland waterways or port and dock facilities is of the desired size. At the various loading and unloading stations, a multitude of light items can be carried out be kept ready, which depending on the rcc'1 needs the task of storage, loading or unloading, which is completely independent of the operation of the carrier ship takes place, which runs between the stops and in the desired way Easier picks up or gives up again.

The lighter are able to act independently, something through their own Driving machines for maneuvering, a crane for unloading and loading, a Bridge for mooring independently of dock facilities or dioles and by a small one Draft is reached, so that also applied to undeveloped banks or coasts can be. The lighter can also be used for storage purposes, since they have a waterproof cover and are not operationally or structurally are tied to the relatively expensive carrier ship.

During the transport, the barges can be used for the purpose of crossing of channels that are too small for the carrier ship are released from it, so that fees based on the tonnage are saved. After crossing the Canal are the barges on the 'other side of the canal from another carrier ship resumed.

Here, too, the lighter's own propulsion proves to be advantageous.

The lighter ones can be loaded, regardless of whether they are heavy or very light are, without difficulty, of their own accord and freely swimming in the middle Enter the T-shaped cavity of the carrier ship as the flanges of the lighter Find in slot spaces which of the frame parts 9, 10, 11 and the Flanges 34 of the floating frame parts of the carrier ship are formed and which are dimensioned so that they cover the entire range of possible drafts of the barges are adjusted. The barges can easily be lifted or suspended using the lifting or suspension system can be raised and set while maintaining an alignment and tightening takes place, which is achieved by means of the interlocking profile surfaces. Preferably the barges are safe regardless of possible malfunctions in the hydraulic system and can be automatically released and uncoupled individually when an emergency occurs so that they are in the shortest possible time from each other and from can be separated from the carrier ship.

As described, due to the waterproof lockable Screw i-anal repairs to the propeller can be carried out. the Floating frame parts or hull parts of the trigger ship can be easily and without high costs by exchanging individual, prefabricated sections repair. These prefabricated sections form - in the case of military use an effective protection for the lighter and are together with these an almost unsinkable bandage. Another advantage of the construction of the floating frame parts of individual sections consists in the fact that in each section independent ballast can be picked up, so that the cargo both with respect to each individual barge as well as can be balanced between the lighter.

As in the description of the various drive means above was mentioned for the forward movement of the carrier ship, each contains a single hull its own propulsion system. It is true that the drive systems of the various The fuselage can normally be operated synchronously, so that they can be operated as a unit interact, but separate control of the drive systems is also possible, so that they can be used individually or together or in conjunction with the thrusters 19 are operated to control and / or maneuver the carrier ship to facilitate.

The hull of the catamaran carrier can also be easily repaired be taken apart.

Furthermore, the cross members or frame parts can be removable, hinge-like be connected or telescopic, so that the width of the When the carrier ship is increased or decreased. Don't get any lighter inside carried along, so the floating frame parts can be brought side by side substantially will, so that the ship can pass through a narrow canal, with the barges in front of or behind the ship or it can be with one If you run empty, increase the speed. For these and other purposes you can so the two floating frame parts 7 and 8 are designed to be contractible by the cross members 9 are adjustable or telescopic or hinge-like be connected. For example, the cross members are on one, in Figure 38 at 152 indicated end articulated to the floating frame part 7, while the each other end is slidably guided in upper and lower rails or but, as shown in Figure 38, is slidable in slots 154 which are on the inside of the floating frame part 8 are provided, so that the cross members in opposite directions Directions can be swiveled and also cross each other in intermediate positions, at the point of intersection and at the slot guides it is expedient to use coupling pins 156 to be secured. Similar facilities can be found at the bottom of the basket-like lifting device be provided with respect to the cross member 39.

As can be seen from Figure 27 of the drawings, the carrier ship also be provided with a central floating frame part 160, which in the same Distance between the frame parts 7 and 8 is arranged. In this way each a lighter: between the floating frame parts 7 and 160 and another lighter between the floating frame parts 160 and 8 can be accommodated. The floating frame part 160 has a flange 134 extending transversely on the bottom, with one hydraulic on each paragraph of this middle floating frame part Drive cylinder 164 is arranged. The width of the floating frame part 160 is for example 12 m, the width of the floating frame parts 7 and 8 is each approximately 7.5 m and the barges have a length of about 60 m, so that there is a total width such an embodiment of the carrier ship of about 147 m results.

A bow section can be assigned to the floating frame parts 7, 7 and 160 be, while the floating frame parts 160 and 8 are assigned a further bow section is, with both front panels being designed according to Figures 23 to 25 can.

The middle hull of the three-hull arrangement according to FIG. 27 corresponds each of the two outer body parts according to Figures 5 and 6 and is preferably about twice as wide as these outer hulls, as each part of the weight of the two rows of lighter. The width of the bottom of the middle Floating frame part or swamp can therefore be up to twice as wide as the outer one Be floating frame parts so that there is a stronger buoyancy. Preferably the middle fuselage contains a complete propulsion system, as well as how it is provided in the outer hulls.

In another embodiment of a carrier ship with three hulls is the distance between the middle hull and the respective outer hulls chosen so that it is the width of the frame of a single barge, so that the longitudinal axis of the lighter to both the central and outer hulls runs parallel and is aligned between the bow and stern of the mother ship.

Similarly, the embodiments with two hulls, i.e. the carrier ships with catamaran-like hulls are the lighter in each case record that their longitudinal axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mother ship. In addition, in the case of embodiments with three hulls, only a single one can be used Lifting device 37 may be provided, which starts from an external fuselage, passes under the middle trunk and to the other one on the outside Trunk is sufficient. in such embodiments the center is the basket-like Elubeinrichtung 37 preferably equipped with positive or negative areas, which are marked with corresponding negative or positive areas of the middle trunk in engagement come when the basket-like IIubvorrichtung is raised so that they are with the floors the hulls are aligned and locking bolts are useful for locking the central engagement members of the lifting device on the bottom of the central trunk intended. It goes without saying that with Ausf Forms of practice in which a transport of the lighter with its longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal extension of the Hulls are made, the lighter naturally the flanges to be supported on the starboard side and the port side, as for example in Figure 40A is shown with respect to the laterally attached barges.

It should also be noted that in embodiments with three Hulls and with a single basket-like lifting device, which is from an external Fuselage to the other outer fuselage is enough, separate lifting gear on each Side of the middle fuselage are provided, each with the corresponding Flanges of the barges work together.

In another embodiment, the barges come with their longitudinal dimension is arranged parallel to the hulls of the carrier ship, however is at least one cavity for a row of barges arranged one behind the other provided between two or more hulls from the bow to the stern of the mother ship runs. In yet another embodiment, the outer sides are each the outer hulls of the carrier ship are designed so that they also have rows to pick up or

be able to connect, as shown for example in Figure 40A.

When several transport containers are stacked on top of each other in a lighter are to be, the barge is appropriately equipped with an elevator platform, what a drive for example in the form of a hydraulic Has a lifter and / or a chain hoist, a control switch for example may be provided with an electrical system which is set so that the lift is normally flush with the deck of the barge before a shipping container or several transport containers are placed on it.

When the first container is placed on the lift, it can the switch is operated automatically and the container is lowered so that its top is now flush with the deck of the lighter. Will be the second container is placed on the top of the first container, an automatic one takes place again Pressing the switch and the lift is back to the depth of a container lowered. This process is repeated one after the other, -until the top of the last, The container to be brought in is roughly in line with the deck of the lighter. Will the If the container is unloaded, the control switch is operated in the opposite direction, which is preferably done by manual operation of the control system, whereby the top Container is brought into a position in which its bottom roughly with the deck the lighter aligns. After removing one container at a time, the switch anew, preferably operated by hand, so that in the manner described next container to the one you want Height is raised.

The floating frame parts 7 and 8 can also use the air cushion principle are set up and operated and are then carried by an air cushion that is carried by vorzugswwise nozzles arranged in recesses is generated, through which compressed gas, in particular, air is normally squeezed down against the surface of the water will. This is indicated, for example, in FIG. 36 of the drawings.

Each of the barges can also be trained and operated in this way will.

In addition, the propellers of the carrier ship and those the lighter can be replaced by engines like those provided for airplanes are, with a drive by means of a piston engine or turbine or by recoil engines or the like. As can be seen in FIG. 36, it is possible to use the To omit bow section and the floating frame parts 7 and 8 as well as the barges are provided with hollow, pontoon-like feet 150 in which the compression devices housed to generate the compressed air for the lifting and / or propulsion nozzles are. If the carrier ship is loaded and in motion, the air propulsion devices can the lighter are switched on, so that they are the propulsion systems of the mother ship support and contribute to the air cushion effect.

Another possible use of the ship according to the invention in a particular embodiment provides the fishing. To For this purpose, a steel insert, for example made of wire mesh, is provided, which has a box shape and has a bottom, side walls and a rear wall, however, it is usually open at the top and the front. Can be used with a flap or trap be provided in addition to a guide organ, which either of the Front or the bottom of the front area are worn and the side walls and the rear wall are in the vertical direction by means of overlapping wall parts adjustable, the wall parts being telescopically displaceable against each other, so that the guide device or the trap a certain distance below the waterline can be arranged. S'in voideres grille or a perforated plate can be used as Serve guiding device and can be hinge-like with the bottom of the insert on it Be connected to the front so that the insert cage can be opened and the guide device is pivoted downwards, whereby the fish are guided upwards and by swimming over the guiding device and then carried over the trap to become as the ship moves forward. The forward movement of the The ship essentially prevents the fish from reaching the guiding device or trap To be able to escape, a trap is not absolutely necessary and can under certain circumstances can also be omitted. The guidance device or expensive can be closed and then serves as the front wall or the bow-side end wall of the insert cage. That Grids of the insert or the holes used to manufacture the insert, 'perforated steel plate has a clear width that is generally smaller is selected as the type of fish to be caught and, for example, be about 5 cm can. Individual smaller cages can be arranged within the insert cage, with a larger mesh size on the side of the bow to accommodate larger fish is provided and the mesh sizes on the following cages are gradually smaller to pick up smaller fish. If a sufficient catch is achieved, then the front wall or the guide device pivoted upwards, but remain Bottoms of the insert baskets with the fish, preferably below the waterline, so the tables stay fresh.

When the ship berths, the cages are pulled out of the water to to take the fish from it.

As can be seen from FIG. 37C, instead of the lighter and a steel frame is used for the associated basket-type lifting devices, which comprises upper cross members 131 from which a pair of floating tanks extend 133 extends downward. The hulls are provided with a flange 135, on each of which a hydraulic jack 137 with a piston rod is arranged is, which has a shoulder 139 for lifting the cross member 131. The piston rod extends through correspondingly aligned openings in the cross member 131 and in a safety device 53 into it.

The hydraulic jack is on the flange 34 of the floating frame parts 35 arranged, by means of which the flange part 36 of the basket-like lifting device 37 can be raised, the device 37 again engaging in slots 56 Strips 55 is provided. The basket-like lifting device 37 carries the fishing serving insert cage according to Figures 37A and 37B. To be used instead of the lighter the box-like steel cage insert characteristically has an openwork Bottom and openwork front and back walls, while the side walls are impermeable.

These side walls can be on the inside of the floating tanks 133 be attached or be formed from the inside. The cage insert is with a telescopically movable floor 141 is provided, but stops 143 are provided which can limit the downward movement of the cage bottom. Also are Locking means for locking the bottom part in the raised position intended. In the latter position, however, Baden takes one in any case such a height that the fish remain underwater and therefore alive.

From Figure 37A it can be seen that a front panel or grid wall 184 is hinged at 186 to the bottom of the cage insert and by means of Wire ropes 18S can be raised or lowered. In this embodiment one relies on the movement of the ship to hold the fish back in the cage will.

In Figure 37B, a weir or a trap 190 is indicated over which or which the fish are caused by the movement of the ship and / or flushed water be swept away, so that it is significantly more difficult for the fish to escape.

The large cage insert can either be divided into individual chambers or it can be formed continuously from the front to the rear be. In the case of individual departments, these are from front to back with decreasing size of the perforations or with decreasing bottle size. A continuous cage insert preferably contains several smaller lower cages 192 of smaller perforations or mesh sizes, the outer large cage insert on the sides, the rear wall and the bottom a sufficiently small one Mesh size means that fish caught in the lower cages do not escape here can. In addition, devices are preferably used to close off the front entrance or the bow of each smaller cage is provided to prevent smaller fish that have entered the relevant sub-cage via this inlet, can return to the larger fish on the same route, so that they have been sorted once Fish also stay sorted.

'The large cage insert preferably has such stowed and should Structure in terms of its cross-section so that it corresponds to the light ones and in the same way Way within of the cavity of the catamaran carrier ship can be.

The large cage inserts and / or the small ones are useful Baskets or cages with one or more floating tanks equipped with pumps z-are equipped to increase or decrease the drive, so that the use or the inserts floating out of the cavity of the carrier ship and can then be anchored at a destination or towed there. The floating tank arrangement expediently has the shape of one or more floating tanks on at least two opposite sides, preferably the long sides the large cage insert (namely starboard and port).

According to another embodiment of the carrier ship, a catamaran construction with two hulls, for example, on the outside of each of the two hulls Means to establish a longitudinal row of light weight be equipped, the in addition to the chain of lighter that is broadly formed within the two hulls be connected to the carrier ship.

As can be seen from FIGS. 40A and 40B, the carrier ship have a central part according to Figures 5 and 6, but are the upper cross members so extended that, as shown at 165, they protrude from the outside of the hulls. The lighter are attached along the side and are, for example, with one in the longitudinal direction run, the outer flange 166 located on the upper side of the barge Mistake, each of which can be moved under the lateral protruding cross member 165 can.

Below the flange 166 are the floating bodies with anchoring devices for a hydraulic jack 168, each of which has a piston rod 169 which is used to lift a lifting device with a plurality of lifting arms 170. the Lifting device is provided with an upwardly standing bottom bar 172, which can be formed continuously and in a corresponding groove or groove in the bottom of the lighter concerned, intervenes. The piston rod of the hydraulic jack 169 also extends up through an opening in flange 166 of the lighter as well as through a coincident opening in the cantilevered cross member 165, Whenever it is expediently accommodated in a safety device 137, which holds the safety bolt according to FIGS. 5 are corresponds to C-possibly the positive and negative Elements can also be swapped.

To define the outer side of each lighter, for example at the outer end of the protruding cross member 165 is a telescopic height-adjustable Floating body or a similar part, which preferably has an upper, outer housing 174 and an inner, lower housing 175 contains. The upper, outer As already mentioned, housing 174 can be pivoted at 176 to the protruding cross member 165 connected and with the latter is also pivotably connected to a hydraulic drive 177, the piston rod of which is at 178 is hinged to the upper, outer, housing 174 and this about its pivot point 176 can swing up.

The lower, inner housing 175 can be used to increase the buoyancy Be formed floating frame part and at the lower end an inwardly protruding Carry lifting arm 177a, which on the corresponding, opposite side the bottom of the lighter attacks. In the upper, outer housing 174, for example two hydraulic jacks 178 each, the piston rods 179 are attached to the bottom of the lower housing 175. The upper ends of these piston rods extend through aligned openings of the upper housing 174 and the above Carrier section 165 through and into locking devices 180 which are arranged on the carrier sections 165.

The piston rods 179 are preferably with suitable shoulders, collars or the like 182 which is provided against the underside of the upper housing 175 and this by means of the safety or locking devices 180 support. The paragraphs or frets form a secure attachment in this position for the upper case.

The arrangement according to FIGS. 40A and 40B enables compensation the buoyancy of the outside Confessor with the Boost the lighter located between the hulls, reducing the pressure on the catamaran hulls and the bending moment at the cross members 9, 10 and 11 are made uniform, the latter are then formed by the elongated beams 4165, respectively. The construction according to Figures 40A and 40B can largely also on carrier ships with a single Fuselage can be used, which then has the shape of the central fuselage according to FIG. 27 can have, on which then set on its two sides each lighter will.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the carrier ship a lower section and a telescopically movable one arranged above it top section included. The lower section has two or more separate ones Hulls, which are essentially parallel to each other and through, suitable Liaison bodies are grouped together. These connecting organs can take the form of cross members either below the waterline - between the hulls and run flush with them and / or above the hulls between them are arranged and are located above the waterline, so that the connecting means the retraction or extension of barges into the cavity between the hulls is not permitted hinder. The mentioned upper, telescopically movable section contains a deck, that between and / or above the various hulls is arranged and against: each of the ship's hulls supported by lifting directions is so that the lighter when retracting with their flanges the tops of the respective Covering the hulls of the ship and the upper section after the barges have retracted of the mother ship on the flanges of the lighter can be lowered and then the lighter is further pulled or pressed downwards against the flanges, once the barges are pushed further into the water and the lower section of the ship is raised while reducing the draft. The top and the lower sections of the ship are then pinned and locked against each other, the flanges of the barges between these ropes preferably being in alignment and form a rigid structural association with the mother ship.

The invention also includes an embodiment in which the hulls of the carrier ship generate sufficient buoyancy to move the floors of the or the lighter completely over the water by means of the basket-like lifting device 37 to raise.

The lighter to be used in the transport system according to the invention although preferably have the shape described in detail above and are with own drive provided, but the invention also includes the use of other types of lighter with suitable features for fastening or fixing of the respective lighter in the manner described or in a corresponding manner Way within the carrier ship, what for example with the help of fixed or removable splash elements.

The invention thus creates a fundamentally new type of transport system created with transport vehicles, which for example the shape of ships in which facilities for connection and safe plagueing of others Objects, for example, of light weight are provided in such a way that the The object to be carried by the carrier vehicle is essentially an integrated one Part of the supporting structure of the carrier vehicle is, preferably a such connection of the object to be transported to the carrier vehicle takes place, that the object to be transported is at least partially itself and possibly the carrier vehicle also carries a certain proportion of it.

The idea of the invention also includes other devices which for the purpose of mutual engagement and / or mutual locking between the carrier vehicle and the object to be transported, for example well-known, interlocking organs, latches or similar and other construction elements, for example known per se.

The basic idea of the object to be transported can also be only to be fixed in this way on the carrier vehicle and / or to a part of the carrier vehicle to make, also applied to other carrier vehicles and not only to seagoing vessels will. As examples of other areas of application, carrier vehicles are in the form from airplanes or helicopters with propeller or jet engines; further Truck called, with which a loaded pallet, a loaded trailer or a loaded lighter or the like can be clamped together.

Does the object to be transported have one or more axes? and / or one or more wheels, the wheel or wheels in Stay in contact with the ground when the carrier vehicle is supported against the ground, so that the object to be transported both contributes to its own support as well as possibly a certain support of the carrier vehicle with takes over. In the case of a certain form of an aircraft or land vehicle, for example the carrier vehicle has two or more interconnected frames, which are connected in such a way that the object to be transported in a position either below or between preferably two such frame parts can be brought and locked in this position. At a Aircraft could, for example, be a suitably designed carrier vehicle have a horseshoe-shaped cross-section with the opening at the bottom would be arranged so that a transportable object or a transport vehicle can be driven into the cavity and set there, after which the aircraft or the helicopter in question takes off. It is true that there are preferably at least two Frame parts provided, but also comes a carrier vehicle with a single support frame into consideration to which objects to be transported can be connected.

A carrier vehicle according to the invention can therefore be used as a vehicle be described which, at least one supporting organ with fastening and Locking devices for connecting at least one object to be transported has in a position in which the object to be transported or the to transporting objects a rigid unitary hull construction with the Carrier vehicle forms or form. An embodiment of the invention is preferred, in which the carrier vehicle has a plurality of interconnected, essentially one to another has parallel supporting organs, which have a receiving space for a to be transported Enclose the object forming the transport vehicle and-with fastening- and locking means for connecting this transport vehicle in one position are in which the transport vehicle has a rigid, unitary construction the supporting organs of the carrier vehicle bild-et.

As has already been described above, lighter according to the invention be designed so that when stacking containers on the barge a lifting platform provided on the barge comes into operation with a drive, for example a hydraulic jack and / or a chain hoist is provided, using a control switch with an electrical system.

The lift is normally in line with the deck of the lighter before one or more transport containers are placed on the lifting platform be dropped off; be discontinued; be deducted; be dismissed.

Yet another embodiment of the invention provides that the carrier vehicle has the shape of a seaworthy ship, which two or more Has hulls, which by one in the manner described above for the inclusion are separated from each other by lighter certain interspace, the two Hulls or several hulls only through structural parts located under the water, for example by one or more cross members with one another in Connected while the lighter when they are essentially rigid to the hulls are connected, the only connection structure located essentially above the water form between the hulls of the carrier vehicle.

Although the carrier ship is preferably with openings both at the bow as well as at the stern, but only a single inlet or outlet is necessary. Depending on the type of object or vehicle to be transported, In addition, the entrance opening must also only be located below the waterline, what for example in the case of the inclusion of submarines and / or submersible vehicles or Diving bells and / or from sunken ships to be salvaged may be useful. The inlet opening need not necessarily be provided either at the bow or at the stern but can also just be under the receiving space in which a Diving bell, submarine or recovered vehicle after lifting it out of the Water is locked. In cases where an input or an output is both is above and below the waterline of the carrier ship, as is the case with Introduction of lighter is the case, can also be used in another embodiment one or more entrance openings on starboard and / or port of the carrier ship be looked out for, being the lighter in each any direction connected and / or suspended with respect to the longitudinal axis of the carrier ship for what the same or equivalent means can serve as they have been given above.

With regard to the forms of light weight, which are described above, for example, in FIG. 33 in connection with the description of various exemplary embodiments are specified and which have no lateral shoulders, flanges or recesses, with which a connection and a lock on the carrier.

ship can take place, it should be noted that in such cases a special Mechanism of the type indicated above or a corresponding type is provided, the a connection and fixing to the carrier ship is also permitted for such barges.

Furthermore, according to the invention, one can also be considered for the lighter or several features of the various embodiments for the carrier ship z; u, use, for example, a ship's propeller arranged in a channel and / or forward and aft propellers and / or a screw channel extending below the waterline extends from front to back. For example, a screw channel run from the bottom or from the bow in the front section of a part of the fuselage to the stern and a propeller or several propellers can be used to drive the lighter to serve. Additionally or alternatively it is possible Gates to poetry Completion of a ship's propeller arranged in a channel within a watertight Space to be provided so that a repair and / or replacement of the propeller can take place. A lighter can also be designed as a catamaran and in turn one or more loaded pallets or containers or vehicles which are brought in individually or in series and connected to the barge, so that it is possible to load a barge essentially instantaneously, after which the lighter in question can immediately return to the carrier ship.

With all lighter designs, the lighter can either be an amphibious vehicle or easily converted into a wheeled land vehicle in the only facilities for connecting wheels and / or tractors and / or of trailer chassis to the sides and / or the floor and / or the bow and / or the stern of the barge are provided, with the wheels or chassis with a additional own drive may or may not be provided. Is for overland travel no own drive is provided, so the entire lighter on wheels can be pulled or pushed as a trailer.

Figure 37D shows another form of a lighter insert for fishing and storage of fish, which has divided flanges, in which openings for receiving hydraulically operated locking bolts for fixing of the lighter are provided in the carrier ship. Form the divided flanges a construction unit with two floating tanks, the one facing each other Sides of the two parallel tanks as side walls of the insert basket serve, which has perforated front and rear walls. The bow-side Wall has a trap part, which also acts as a closure for opening and closing the inlet to the fishing and storage cage. It is noteworthy that with This lighter fish cage does not have a single, continuous flange Form part that runs along the relevant barge, but rather the Take the form of a series of separate flanges, each all over the top of the cage insert and extend in the corresponding flange on the continue on the opposite side of the lighter cage. Also in Figure 37D is a Cage insert shown, the lower part of which is not telescopic.

A number of other options for modification and / or qui; ralenter Embodiments of the various examples described are within the the invention underlying thought. For example, can Chain hoists used to raise and lower the lifting equipment and the barges which may be less complicated, with only hooks or similar gripping organs are to be provided for connection. Hydraulic jacks can also be used replaced by rack and pinion gears or other known drive systems will.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Equipment for the transport of cargo, in particular on bodies of water, characterized by a carrier vehicle (1) which has at least one supporting member (7) (8) with fastening and locking means (51,52,53,54) for connection at least an object (20) to be transported, in particular a transport vehicle, has in a position in which the object to be transported or the to objects to be transported have a rigid, uniform hull construction with the supporting organ or the supporting organs forms or form. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that several, load-bearing organs connected to one another and essentially parallel to one another (7,8) are provided, of which at least two between them a space for recording at least one object or vehicle to be transported (20) form and for its connection with the fastening and locking means (51,52-, 53, 54) are equipped. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the load-bearing Organs each contain floating frame parts (7, 8) that have a connecting structure are connected to each other, the at least one under the water line (16) located Contain carrier (38) and at least one frame structure (9,1o, 11) which between the floating frame parts in the area above the for the Recording of the objects to be transported or transport vehicles Space runs. 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the load-bearing Organs each contain floating pipe parts (7, 8) which have a connecting structure are connected to each other, the at least one in the area above the for inclusion the objects to be transported or the transport vehicles (20) of a certain space running frame part (9,1o, 11) and at least one arranged under Sitrasser Contains cross member (38), the latter so movable with the carrier vehicle is connected that he is for the objects to be transported or transport vehicles access to said receiving space via at least one opening (21) between able to release the floating frame parts. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the transport vehicle is formed by a ship (1) and that said connecting structure generates buoyancy Contains construction parts (1o, 11,38). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the buoyancy-generating Structural parts of said, at least one cross member (38) formed are, which is movable up and down in an approximately vertical plane and that the carrier vehicle (1) with at least one of the to be transported Objects or transport vehicles (20) is combined. 7; Device according to Claim 6, characterized by drive means (35) through which the or each transport vehicle driven into said receiving space (20) in particular in the form of a barge, in a vertical direction on the fastening and locking means (51,52, 53, 54) is movable towards or away from these. 8. Device according to claim 7 with several retracted into the receiving space Transport vehicles, especially light ones, characterized by uncoupling ventilation devices (69, 72) for disconnecting the carrier vehicles (20) as soon as they are removed from the fastening and locking means (51, 52, 53, 54) are released (35) (e.g. Figure 11). 9T device according to claim 4, characterized in that the access (21) arranged in the area of the ship's bow to the above-mentioned receiving space and by means of a front part (22) can be opened or locked, which by means of a front part drive (123, 125) is movable (e.g. Figures 3, 4, 24A and 24B). lo. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the Front part (22) has at least one channel-like or slot-shaped opening (129), which are aligned in each case in one extending through the front part Channel passes over, up to one in front page a fixed transport vehicle (20) is enough and that also the relevant Transport vehicle with at least one through it in the transverse direction extending, channel-like slot (126) is provided, which each with the corresponding Slot in the bow part is aligned, (Figures' 23, 24, 29 and 30). 11. Device according to one of claims 4 to 1o, characterized in that that in the said receiving space on the carrier vehicle (1) rollers (47, 48, 136, 140) to absorb bumps and to align the transport vehicles or Lighter (20) are arranged. 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that that for establishing the connection between the transport vehicles or light (20) movable connecting members (58, 59) are provided, each of which has a Coupling piece attached to the outer wall of a transport vehicle or lighter and one that interacts with it and is attached to the outer wall of another lighter Coupling counterpart included, at least one of these parts on the associated Easier to move along a substantially perpendicular guide (60) is (iguren 10, 11 and 12). 13. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the Drive means for moving the or the objects to be transported or transport vehicles, in particular the barge (20) have a hydraulic jack (35) included, which on flanges (42.) or projections of the to be transported Attacks objects or transport vehicles and lifts them. 14. Device according to one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that that the carrier vehicle (1) front and rear on both sides, at least each has a jet vane device (19) (Figures 1 and 2). 15. Device according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that that the object or objects to be transported a cage arrangement partially below the waterline of the carrier vehicle (1) with openwork v'Jandungen contains or contain an upper part and a has relative to this telescopically displaceable lower part, which latter by said, at least one cross member (38) can be supported and that one Series of Lorbeinsätze is provided, the front and Ilinterseiten im are essentially aligned with each other and perforated, wherein of at least two such basket inserts, one equipped with smaller openings is than the other and behind each one in the row of basket bets is arranged with the larger openings (Figures 37A, 37B, 370 and 37D). 16. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that above des to accommodate the or the to objects to be transported b. a certain space firmly connected to the carrier vehicle (1), essentially flat, extensive, usable as a helipad Deci is arranged (e.g. Figure 39). 17. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the movable bow part (22) is articulated such that it is from the floating frame parts (7, 8, 11) can be folded down (Figures 24A and 24B). 18. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the movable bow part (22) is articulated to the carrier vehicle (1) that it is in the direction can be folded up so far forwards and upwards that the aforementioned access (21) is released to the receiving space (Figures 24A and 24B). 19. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the Front section via sliding or roller guides (23, 24, 25) with the floating frame parts (7, 8) is connected and that these guides each one along a receiving rail Slidable, protruding element included, wherein the protruding element or the mounting rail is arranged in each case on the rear areas of the front part are, while the corresponding mounting rail or the corresponding, protruding element in the front area facing the bow at least one of the floating frame parts' (7, 8) is arranged (Figures 3 and 4). 20. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least an outer one of the supporting organs, which are parallel to one another, at least in the direction can be pivoted outwards and upwards on a connecting frame structure (165) is hinged, which above the mentioned receiving space the supporting organs connects with each other and that the mentioned outer supporting organ is one with each a telescopically displaceable lower part (175) provided with a flange strip (177a) and an upper part (174), these two parts being telescopically telescopic are, and also a telescopic drive and locking device '(178, 179, 18o, 182), by means of which said lower part of the outer load-bearing Organes can be raised so that it reaches a pestle position in which the Flange strip upwards against the bottom of a lighter (20) for laying down firmly the same can be pressed, so that this lighter in the receiving space between the relevant outer supporting organ and the respectively neighboring, this essentially parallel supporting organ (1, 8) is held (Figure 4oA). 21. Binding device according to claim 2 or 2c, characterized in that that at least three interconnected ne, essentially parallel to each other current supporting organs, (7,8) (174, 175,160) are provided. 22. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that that along the bottom area of at least two of the interconnected, to one another parallel, supporting organs (7, 8) each have a row of gas outlet nozzles (150) is arranged, with a gas flow via this nozzle to support the supporting organs can be driven out against a water surface - and the nozzles within a are arranged directed towards the water surface recess, (Figure 36). 23. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that 'the load-bearing organs connected to one another and essentially parallel to one another via an adjustable connection construction to change the distance between the supporting organs are joined together, with the adjustable connecting structure has at least one support with two telescopically displaceable parts. 24. Device according to claim 2 or 23, characterized in that that the or a connecting structure to change the distance between the supporting organs contains at least one support, both ends of which are pivotable are, at least one end around a guide rail (154) and displaceable can be fixed on this guide rail (Figure 38). Z5. Device according to claim 2, wherein the carrier vehicle of a ship is formed, characterized in that at least one of the load-bearing organs one an orifice and an orifice contains interconnecting screw channel, which essentially in a Longitudinal plane of the relevant supporting organ runs and in which at least a propeller connected to a drive is arranged (Figures 1, 21 and 34). 26. Device according to claim 2 or 9, characterized in that the or a front part (22) two side walls converging to a point, and a substantially flat bottom surface between the lower Edges of the converging side walls then follow them at an angle runs upwards and from an imaginary connecting line between two of the load-bearing Organs up to the mentioned tip extends (Figure 25). 27. Device according to claim 2 or 9, characterized in that the or a front part has a right and left lower wall section, which each meet in a line that is halfway from a center point Distance between the lower front edges of two supporting organs to form one water-dividing Buges runs obliquely upwards, said lower - Landings sections once through the said midpoint of the connecting line between the lower probes of the supporting organs, further through each lower one End point of this connecting line, further through; ever an upper one outer edge of each end of the supporting ore and finally through the tip of the bow are determined and the baseline of these wall sections approximately one each along the connecting line between the lower, outer corner point supporting organ and the aforementioned center point (Figures 24A and 2413). 28. Device according to all of claims 4 to 13 and 20, characterized characterized in that at least one of the supporting organs has a confluence opening and a screw channel interconnecting a bus mouth opening, which runs essentially in a longitudinal plane of the relevant supporting organ and in which a propeller connected to a drive for generating the Propulsion is arranged for the ship forming the carrier vehicle. New claims 29 and 30 29. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 28, characterized in that at least one fuselage of the multiple fuselages Carrier vehicle, in particular carrier ship, via an air cushion between the concerning the hull and the subsoil, or the water surface, can be supported. 30. Device according to one of claims 1 to 2S, characterized in that that mutually parallel hulls of the carrier vehicle, which has several parallel hulls, in particular -carrier ship, detachable from each other, in their mutual distance adjustable to a predetermined, different value and then in this new one Distance;' can be firmly reconnected.