DE19530412A1 - Self-deleting retroviral vectors for gene therapy - Google Patents
Self-deleting retroviral vectors for gene therapyInfo
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- DE19530412A1 DE19530412A1 DE1995130412 DE19530412A DE19530412A1 DE 19530412 A1 DE19530412 A1 DE 19530412A1 DE 1995130412 DE1995130412 DE 1995130412 DE 19530412 A DE19530412 A DE 19530412A DE 19530412 A1 DE19530412 A1 DE 19530412A1
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Retroviren, die eine für eine sequenzspezifische Re kombinase kodierende DNA-Sequenz und mindestens eine für die Rekombinase spezifische Targetsequenz enthalten. Diese Retroviren können eine komplette Transkriptionseinheit in das Genom von eukaryonten Zellen so einführen, daß nach Integration sämtliche nicht unmittelbar zur Transkriptionseinheit gehö renden viralen und nicht-viralen Sequenzen eliminiert werden. Lediglich eine Transkriptionseinheit, bestehend aus natürlichen oder synthetischen Promo tor/Enhancer Sequenzen, Protein kodierender Sequenz und Polyadenylierungssi gnal verbleibt im Genom. Damit werden gängige, mit konventionellen retrovira len Vektoren assoziierte Probleme, wie Abschaltung der Genexpression, Aktivie rung von Protoonkogenen, Mobilisierung durch endogene Retroviren und Ent wicklung einer Immunantwort vermieden.The invention relates to retroviruses, the one for a sequence-specific Re combinase coding DNA sequence and at least one for the recombinase contain specific target sequence. These retro viruses can be complete Introduce the transcription unit into the genome of eukaryotic cells so that after integration, all are not immediately part of the transcription unit viral and non-viral sequences are eliminated. Just one Transcription unit consisting of natural or synthetic promo tor / enhancer sequences, protein coding sequence and polyadenylation si gnal remains in the genome. This makes it common with conventional retrovira problems associated with vectors, such as switching off gene expression, activation proto-oncogenes, mobilization by endogenous retroviruses and ent development of an immune response avoided.
Retroviren sind RNA-Viren, die nach Eindringen in die Zelle zu doppel strängiger DNA umgeschrieben werden. Das RNA Genom wird an beiden Enden von kurzen, repetitiven (R) und 5′ bzw. 3′ Ende spezifischen Kontrollsequenzen (U3 und U5) flankiert. Zwischen den Kontrollregionen befinden sich kodierende Sequenzen für virale Strukturproteine (gag und env) und Enzyme (pol Protease, reverse Transkriptase und Integrase).Retroviruses are RNA viruses that are rewritten into double-stranded DNA after entering the cell. The RNA genome is flanked at both ends by short, repetitive (R) and 5 'and 3 ' end specific control sequences (U3 and U5). Between the control regions there are coding sequences for viral structural proteins (gag and env) and enzymes (pol protease, reverse transcriptase and integrase).
Unmittelbar nach Infektion wird in der Targetzelle durch viruseigene re verse Transkriptase die virale RNA in DNA konvertiert. Die DNA Synthese wird durch die Bindung von zellulärer tRNA an komplementäre Sequenzen im Retro virusgenom eingeleitet. Die Bindungsstelle befindet sich unmittelbar 3′ von der U5 Region und heißt -primer binding site- (PBS) (Fig. 1). Durch die reverse Transkription werden die terminalen Sequenzen U3 und U5 dupliziert, und das retrovirale Genom zwischen zwei identische Kontrollregionen, den -long terminal repeats- (LTR), plaziert. Die LTR-flankierten DNA Moleküle integrieren als -Proviren- in das Genom. Proviren werden zusammen mit der zellulären DNA repliziert und als zelluläre Gene transkribiert. Die Transkription initiiert in der mit Promotor/Enhancer Sequenzen versehenen U3-Region des 5′ LTR und termi niert in der R-Region des 3′ LTR. Genomische Transkripte werden aus dem Nukleus ins Zytoplasma transportiert und dort entweder in Viruspartikel ver packt oder zu gag und pol Proteinen translatiert. Zusätzlich wird eine Fraktion der genomischen RNA zu env-mRNA gespliced.Immediately after infection, the viral RNA is converted into DNA in the target cell by reverse viral transcriptase. DNA synthesis is initiated by the binding of cellular tRNA to complementary sequences in the retro virus genome. The binding site is located immediately 3 'from the U5 region and is called -primer binding site- (PBS) ( Fig. 1). By reverse transcription, the terminal sequences U3 and U5 are duplicated, and the retroviral genome is placed between two identical control regions, the long terminal repeats (LTR). The LTR-flanked DNA molecules integrate into the genome as proviruses. Proviruses are replicated together with the cellular DNA and transcribed as cellular genes. The transcription initiates in the U3 region of the 5 ′ LTR provided with promoter / enhancer sequences and terminates in the R region of the 3 ′ LTR. Genomic transcripts are transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where they are either packed into virus particles or translated into gag and pol proteins. In addition, a fraction of the genomic RNA is spliced into env-mRNA.
Retroviren können zu Gentransfer-Vektoren adaptiert werden. Bis auf be stimmte LTR-Kontrollsequenzen, der PBS und spezifischer Verpackungssignale kann nahezu das gesamte retrovirale Genom deletiert werden, ohne daß es zu wesentlichen Einschränkungen der Replikation kommt. Voraussetzung dafür ist die Präsenz der für reverse Transkription, Integration und Partikelbildung not wendigen Proteine. Typische Zellen dieser Art sind die sog. Helferzellen, die ein komplettes retrovirales Genom exprimieren. In diesen Zellen werden die Tran skripte rekombinanter Retrovirus-Vektoren präferentiell zu Viruspartikeln ver packt, weil, anders als in den Vektoren, die spezifischen Verpackungssignale -Ψ- aus dem Helfervirusgenom deletiert wurden.Retroviruses can be adapted to gene transfer vectors. Except for be agreed LTR control sequences, the PBS and specific packaging signals almost the entire retroviral genome can be deleted without it there is significant limitation of replication. requirement of it is the presence of those required for reverse transcription, integration and particle formation agile proteins. Typical cells of this type are the so-called helper cells, the one express entire retroviral genome. In these cells the Tran scripts recombinant retrovirus vectors preferentially ver to virus particles ver packs because, unlike in the vectors, the specific packaging signals -Ψ- were deleted from the helper virus genome.
Konventionelle retrovirale Vektoren werden in über 80% der genehmigten Gentherapie-Protokolle benutzt. Allerdings ist dies mit potentiellen Problemen und Gefahren verbunden, die sich wie folgt zusammenfassen lassen: (i) Abschal tung von Expression transduzierter Gene durch Methylierung oder Bindung von Repressormolekülen (1, 4, 7); (ii) zufällige Integration an verschiedenen Orten des Genoms und gelegentliches Stimulieren einer malignen Transformation durch aktivierende Insertion oberhalb von Protoonkogenen (12, 13); (iii) Mobili sierung der Vektoren durch Rekombination mit endogenen Retroviren (2, 5, 9) und (iv) Auslösung einer Immunantwort gegen virale und nicht-virale Antigene mit Elimination der transduzierten Zellen (11).Conventional retroviral vectors are used in over 80% of the approved gene therapy protocols. However, this is associated with potential problems and dangers, which can be summarized as follows: (i) switching off expression of transduced genes by methylation or binding of repressor molecules ( 1 , 4 , 7 ); (ii) accidental integration at different locations in the genome and occasional stimulation of a malignant transformation by activating insertion above proto-oncogenes ( 12 , 13 ); (iii) Mobilization of the vectors by recombination with endogenous retroviruses ( 2 , 5 , 9 ) and (iv) induction of an immune response against viral and non-viral antigens with elimination of the transduced cells ( 11 ).
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Retroviren zu konstruieren, die eine komplette Transkriptionseinheit in das Genom von eukaryonten Zellen so einführen, daß nach Integration sämtliche nicht unmittelbar zur Transkriptions einheit gehörenden viralen und nicht-viralen Sequenzen eliminiert werden. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die erfindungsgemäßen Vektoren gelöst, die eine für eine se quenzspezifische Rekombinase kodierende Sequenz und mindestens eine für die Rekombinase spezifische Targetsequenz enthalten. Diese können Cre Rekombi nase und loxP oder Flp-Rekombinase und frt sein. Anders als bei konventionellen Retroviren, bleibt bei den Retroviren der Erfindung die typische provirale Archi tektur -LTR-Strukturgene-LTR nicht erhalten.The invention has for its object to construct retroviruses a complete transcriptional unit into the genome of eukaryotic cells like this introduce that after integration all not immediately to transcription viral and non-viral sequences belonging to the unit are eliminated. This The object is achieved by the vectors according to the invention, one for one se sequence-specific recombinase coding sequence and at least one for the Contain recombinase specific target sequence. These can be Cre Rekombi nose and loxP or Flp recombinase and frt. Unlike conventional ones Retroviruses, the typical proviral archi remains with the retroviruses of the invention architecture -LTR-structural genes-LTR not preserved.
Die Retroviren enthalten vorzugsweise in der U3 oder U5 Region eine aus Promotor, Protein-kodierender Sequenz und Polyadenylierungssequenz zusam mengesetzte Transkriptionseinheit. Ebenfalls vorzugsweise in der U3 oder U5 Region befinden sich die natürlichen oder synthetischen Targetsequenzen eines sequenzspezifischen Rekombinationssystems. Derartige Targetsequenzen werden von einer sequenzspezifischen Rekombinase erkannt, gebunden und rekombi niert. Dadurch werden DNA Fragmente, die sich zwischen zwei gleichgerichteten Targetsequenzen befinden, zusammen mit einer der beiden Targetsequenzen de letiert (Fig. 2).The retroviruses preferably contain in the U3 or U5 region a transcription unit composed of promoter, protein coding sequence and polyadenylation sequence. The natural or synthetic target sequences of a sequence-specific recombination system are likewise preferably located in the U3 or U5 region. Target sequences of this type are recognized, bound and recombined by a sequence-specific recombinase. As a result, DNA fragments that are located between two rectified target sequences are deleted together with one of the two target sequences ( FIG. 2).
In den Retroviren der Erfindung befinden sich die Targetsequenzen bevor zugt in der U3 oder U5 Region und werden zusammen mit diesen während der Replikation dupliziert. Dadurch gelangt das retrovirale Genom zwischen zwei gleichgerichtete Targetsequenzen und wird in Gegenwart von Rekombinase dele tiert. Im Genom verbleibt hauptsächlich eine Kopie der transduzierten Tran skriptionseinheit. Die Rekombinase kann entweder als Protein, oder als DNA in einem Expressionsplasmid den Zellen zusätzlich hinzugefügt werden, oder befin det sich vorzugsweise als Protein-kodierende Sequenz auf dem Provirus selbst (Fig. 3, 4). Deren Position ist bevorzugt zwischen den beiden Targetsequenzen und außerhalb der Kontrollregionen. Die Expresssion der Rekombinase wird vor zugsweise von einem zweiten natürlichen oder synthetischen Promotor kontrol liert. Ein Polyadenylierungssignal wird vorzugsweise in der R Region des 3′ LTRs gefunden. Bei umgekehrter transkriptioneller Orientierung in Relation zu dem Provirus wird eine cryptische oder eine zusätzliche natürliche oder synthetische Polyadenylierungssequenz in umgekehrter Orientierung genutzt.In the retroviruses of the invention, the target sequences are preferably in the U3 or U5 region and are duplicated together with them during replication. As a result, the retroviral genome passes between two rectified target sequences and is deleted in the presence of recombinase. A copy of the transduced transcription unit remains mainly in the genome. The recombinase can either be added to the cells either as a protein or as DNA in an expression plasmid, or is preferably located as a protein-coding sequence on the provirus itself ( FIGS. 3, 4). Their position is preferred between the two target sequences and outside the control regions. The expression of the recombinase is preferably checked by a second natural or synthetic promoter. A polyadenylation signal is preferably found in the R region of the 3 'LTR. In the case of reverse transcriptional orientation in relation to the provirus, a cryptic or an additional natural or synthetic polyadenylation sequence is used in the reverse orientation.
Die Viren der Erfindung sind vorzugsweise enhancer/und oder promotor los. Die Erfindung betrifft demnach ebenfalls Retroviren die weiterhin einen viralen Promotor und/oder Enhancer umfassen.The viruses of the invention are preferably enhancers and / or promoters Come on. The invention accordingly also relates to retroviruses which continue to have one include viral promoter and / or enhancer.
Die Viren der Erfindung sind vorzugsweise zur Transduktion von Thera piegenen in Säugerzellen gedacht, können aber auch zur Bearbeitung wissen schaftlicher Fragestellungen genutzt werden. The viruses of the invention are preferably for transduction of Thera Piegene thought in mammalian cells, but can also know for processing scientific questions can be used.
Die Viren der Erfindung können potentiell auch schädliche Sequenzen enthalten, sofern diese nach Integration zeitgerecht deletiert werden. Eine poten tielle Applikation ist demnach die Anpassung pathogener Viren (z. B. HIV, HTLV1) für die somatische Gentherapie, weil deren hohe Transduktionseffizien zen getrennt von deren Pathogenität genutzt werden können.The viruses of the invention can also potentially be harmful sequences included, provided that they are deleted in time after integration. A poten The main application is the adaptation of pathogenic viruses (e.g. HIV, HTLV1) for somatic gene therapy because of its high transduction efficiency zen can be used separately from their pathogenicity.
Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung Säugetierzellen, deren Genom minde stens eine mit den Viren der Erfindung eingeführte sequenzspezifische Targetse quenz, die loxP oder frt sein kann, und mindestens eine Protein-kodierende Se quenz enthalten. Diese Zellen enthalten im wesentlichen kein provirales Genom.The invention further relates to mammalian cells whose genome is at least at least one sequence-specific target introduced with the viruses of the invention sequence, which can be loxP or frt, and at least one protein-coding Se quenz included. These cells contain essentially no proviral genome.
Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Transduktion von cDNA Sequenzen in das Genom von Säugerzellen, das im wesentlichen die Transfektion von Vepackungszellinien mit den Retroviren der Erfindung, die Se lektion virusproduziernder Klone, die Infektion von Säugerzellen und die Ex pression der sequenzspeziflschen Rekombinase mit assozierter Deletion der Re kombinase-enthaltenden Transkriptionseinheit umfaßt.Finally, the invention relates to a method for transducing cDNA sequences in the genome of mammalian cells that are essentially the Transfection of packaging cell lines with the retroviruses of the invention, the Se lesson of virus-producing clones, the infection of mammalian cells and the Ex Pression of the sequence-specific recombinase with associated deletion of the Re Contains combination transcription unit.
Der Begriff "Retrovirus" umfaßt jeden RNA Virus, der sich über DNA Zwi schenmoleküle repliziert. Dazu gehören auch Viren, die nur zusammen mit ande ren Viren, (z. B. Helferviren) replizieren, oder Retroviren mit Deletionen und Mu tationen.The term "retrovirus" encompasses any RNA virus that is found in DNA Zwi replicated. This includes viruses that only work together with others replicate other viruses (e.g. helper viruses), or retroviruses with deletions and mu stations.
Der Begriff "Kontrollregion" umfaßt die LTR Region bestehend aus U3, R und U5.The term "control region" includes the LTR region consisting of U3, R and U5.
Der Begriff "Transkriptionseinheit" umfaßt einen natürlichen oder synthe tischen Promotor, eine Protein-kodierende Sequenz und ein Polyadenylierungssi gnal.The term "transcription unit" encompasses a natural or synthetic table promoter, a protein coding sequence and a polyadenylation si gnal.
Der Begriff "Promotor" kann, aber muß nicht einen Enhancer einschließen.The term "promoter" may, but does not have to include an enhancer.
Der Begriff "Protein-kodierende Sequenz" bezieht sich auf eine DNA Se quenz, deren Polypeptidprodukt therapeutisch wirksam ist, oder den Metabolis mus der Zelle auf irgendeine Weise beeinflußt. Der Begriff umfaßt ebenfalls Se quenzen, die allgemein als "Selektionsmarker" bekannt sind.The term "protein coding sequence" refers to a DNA Se quenz whose polypeptide product is therapeutically active, or the metabolis affected the cell in some way. The term also includes Se sequences commonly known as "selection markers".
Der Begriff "Targetsequenz" bezieht sich auf natürliche oder synthetische Sequenzen, die von einer Rekombinase spezifisch erkannt werden. Beispiele hier für sind die loxP Sequenzen aus dem P1 Coliphagen (8, 16, 17) und die frt Se quenzen aus S. cerevisiae (3, 6, 14).The term "target sequence" refers to natural or synthetic sequences that are specifically recognized by a recombinase. Examples of this are the loxP sequences from P1 Coliphagen ( 8 , 16 , 17 ) and the frt sequences from S. cerevisiae ( 3 , 6 , 14 ).
Der Begriff "Rekombinase" umschreibt ein natürliches oder synthetisches Enzym, das spezifische Targetsequenzen erkennt, schneidet und miteinander re kombiniert. Beispiele hierfür sind die Cre-Rekombinase aus dem P1 Coliphagen (17) und die Flp Rekombinase aus S. cerevisiae (3).The term "recombinase" describes a natural or synthetic enzyme that recognizes, cuts and re-combines specific target sequences. Examples of this are the Cre recombinase from P1 Coliphagen ( 17 ) and the Flp recombinase from S. cerevisiae ( 3 ).
Die vorliegende Erfindung involviert deletierbare Retroviren, die vorzüg lich als Vehikel für Gene im Rahmen der somatischen Gentherapie eingesetzt werden sollen.The present invention involves deletable retroviruses which are preferred Lich used as a vehicle for genes in the context of somatic gene therapy should be.
Fig. 5 zeigt zwei bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung. Der eine Vektor enthält eine komplette Transkriptionseinheit bestehend aus Promotor (pgk=Phosphoglyceratkinase-Promotor), Protein-kodierender Sequenz (tkneo; HSV-Thymidinkinase-Neomycintransferase Fusionsgen) und Polyadenylie rungssignal (R-Region) in der U3 Region. Der Vektor enthält außerdem eine spezi fische Targetsequenz -loxP- zwischen pgk und tkneo. Der zweite Vektor enthält darüber hinaus eine weitere, Rekombinase-exprimierende Transkriptionseinheit (MCCre; MC = HSV. Thymidinkinase Promotor mit Polyoma large T Enhancer) zwischen den LTRs. Fig. 5 shows two preferred embodiments of the invention. The one vector contains a complete transcription unit consisting of a promoter (pgk = phosphoglycerate kinase promoter), protein coding sequence (tkneo; HSV-thymidine kinase-neomycin transferase fusion gene) and polyadenylation signal (R region) in the U3 region. The vector also contains a specific target sequence -loxP- between pgk and tkneo. The second vector also contains a further, recombinase-expressing transcription unit (MCCre; MC = HSV. Thymidine kinase promoter with polyoma large T enhancer) between the LTRs.
Zusammen mit der U3 Region wird pgk-lx-tkneo dupliziert, so daß das provirale Genom zusammen mit MCCre zwischen zwei loxP Sequenzen gelangt. Diese Sequenzen werden bei Expression von Cre eliminiert. Im Genom verbleibt hauptsächlich eine pgk-lx-tkneo Transkriptionseinheit (Fig. 5).Pgk-lx-tkneo is duplicated together with the U3 region, so that the proviral genome together with MCCre gets between two loxP sequences. These sequences are eliminated when Cre is expressed. A pgk-lx-tkneo transcription unit mainly remains in the genome ( FIG. 5).
Im dargestellten Beispiel befindet sich die Targetsequenz innerhalb der Transkriptionseinheit in der U3 Region. Diese Konstellation ist nicht zwangsläu fig. Die Targetsequenz kann auch außerhalb der Transkriptionseinheit in der U3 oder U5 Region liegen. Gleichfalls kann die Transkriptionseinheit in der U5 Re gion liegen. Schließlich muß die Rekombinase nicht zwangsläufig vom gleichen Provirusmolekül synthetisiert werden und kann in Form von Protein oder expri mierender DNA separat hinzugefügt werden.In the example shown, the target sequence is within the Transcription unit in the U3 region. This constellation is not inevitable fig. The target sequence can also be outside the transcription unit in the U3 or U5 region. Likewise, the transcription unit in the U5 Re gion lie. After all, the recombinase need not necessarily be the same Provirus molecule can be synthesized and can be in the form of protein or expri DNA to be added separately.
Zum Nachweis der Deletierbarkeit von Targetsequenz-flankierten Provi russequenzen wurde eine Transkriptionseinheit pgk-loxP-tkneo in die U3 Region eines enhancerlosen Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus kloniert (Fig. 4).To demonstrate the deletability of target sequence-flanked provisional sequences, a transcription unit pgk-loxP-tkneo was cloned into the U3 region of an enhancer-less Moloney Murine leukemia virus ( FIG. 4).
Aufbau der pgk-lox-tkneo-Kassette:
Ein loxP-Sequenz enthaltendes EcoRI-PstI Fragment von pGEM30 (8)
wurde in pBluescript II KS+ (Strategene) subkloniert (pBSlox). In die BamHI-
XbaI-Schnittstellen des resultierenden Plasmids wurde anschließend der pgk-
Promotor als BglII-XbaI-Fragment aus pPGK/Cat (19) eingefügt (pBSpgklox). Die
für das HSV-Tk/Neomycin-Phosphotransferase-Fusionsgen kodierende Sequenz
wurde als NheI-Fragment aus pggU3tkneo ((18) , Friedel & von Melchner, nicht
veröffentlicht) ausgeschnitten und nach Füllen der Überhänge als blunt-end-
Fragment in die EcoRV Schnittstelle von pBSpgklox eingesetzt. Die so aufge
baute pgk-lox-tkneo-Kassette kann als XhoI-Fragment aus pBSpgkloxtkneo aus
geschnitten werden.Structure of the pgk-lox-tkneo cassette:
An EcoRI-PstI fragment from pGEM30 ( 8 ) containing loxP sequence was subcloned into pBluescript II KS + (Strategene) (pBSlox). The pgk promoter was then inserted as a BglII-XbaI fragment from pPGK / Cat ( 19 ) into the BamHI-XbaI sites of the resulting plasmid (pBSpgklox). The sequence coding for the HSV-Tk / neomycin phosphotransferase fusion gene was cut out as a NheI fragment from pggU3tkneo (( 18 ), Friedel & von Melchner, not published) and after filling the overhangs as a blunt-end fragment in the EcoRV interface used by pBSpgklox. The pgk-lox-tkneo cassette thus constructed can be cut out of pBSpgkloxtkneo as an XhoI fragment.
Konstruktion der MCCre-Kassette:
Der MC-Promotor und die kodierenden Sequenzen für Cre wurden mittels
eines partiellen Verdaus durch MluI aus pMCCre (8) ausgeschnitten und nach
Auffüllen der Überhänge als blunt-end Fragment in die EcoRV-Schnittstelle von
pBluescript II KS+ subkloniert (pBSMCCre). Aus diesem Plasmid kann die MC-
Cre Kassette ohne Polyadenylierungssignal als XhoI-Fragment ausgeschnitten
werden.Construction of the MCCre cassette:
The MC promoter and the coding sequences for Cre were cut out of pMCCre ( 8 ) by means of a partial digestion by MluI and, after filling in the overhangs, subcloned as a blunt-end fragment into the EcoRV interface of pBluescript II KS + (pBSMCCre). The MC-Cre cassette can be cut out of this plasmid without a polyadenylation signal as an XhoI fragment.
Konstruktion der retroviralen Vektoren:
Die proviralen Sequenzen von pBabe/puro (10) wurden durch diejenigen
des SacI-Fragments von pggU3en(-) (20) ersetzt. Es resultiert ein Plasmid mit
proviralen Sequenzen, in denen der Enhancer des 3′-LTR deletiert ist und das
einzelne Klonierungsschnittstellen nach gag (BamHI, XhoI) und im 3′-LTR
(NheI) aufweist (pBU3). In die NheI-Schnittstelle wurde nach Auffüllen der
Überhänge die pgk-lox-tkneo-Kassette (XhoI-Fragment aus pBSpgkloxtkneo) in
seriert = pU3lxtkneo. Anschließend wurde die MCCre-Transkriptionseinheit als
XhoI-Fragment aus pBSMCCre in die XhoI-Schnittstelle des resultierenden
Plasmids eingesetzt = pU3lxtkneoMCCre.Construction of the retroviral vectors:
The proviral sequences of pBabe / puro ( 10 ) were replaced by those of the SacI fragment of pggU3en (-) ( 20 ). The result is a plasmid with proviral sequences in which the enhancer of the 3 ′ LTR is deleted and which has individual cloning sites according to gag (BamHI, XhoI) and in the 3 ′ LTR (NheI) (pBU3). After filling up the overhangs, the pgk-lox-tkneo cassette (XhoI fragment from pBSpgkloxtkneo) was inserted into the NheI interface = pU3lxtkneo. The MCCre transcription unit was then inserted as an XhoI fragment from pBSMCCre into the XhoI site of the resulting plasmid = pU3lxtkneoMCCre.
BOCS23 (15) und NIH3T3 Zellen wurden in DMEM (Gibco) mit 10% FCS gezüch tet. 20 µg der Plasmide pU3pgklxtkneo oder pU3pgklxtkneoMCCre wurden in jeweils 4 × 10⁵ BOCS23 Zellen wie früher beschrieben transfiziert (19). Zellfreie Überstände wurden nach 48 stündiger Inkubation gewonnen und zur Infektion von 1 × 10⁵ NIH3T3 Zellen benutzt. Provirus exprimierende Klone wurden nach 10-tägiger Selektion in 400 µg/ml G418 (Gibco) isoliert. In einem weiteren Ansatz wurden 20 µg pMCCre zusammen mit 1 µg pBABE/Puro in zwei U3pgklxtkneo exprimierende NIH3T3-Klone transfiziert. Puromycin-resistente Zellpopulatio nen wurden nach 10-tägiger Selektion in 2 µg/ml Puromycin isoliert.BOCS23 ( 15 ) and NIH3T3 cells were grown in DMEM (Gibco) with 10% FCS. 20 µg of the plasmids pU3pgklxtkneo or pU3pgklxtkneoMCCre were transfected into 4 × 10⁵ BOCS23 cells as previously described ( 19 ). Cell-free supernatants were obtained after 48 hours of incubation and used to infect 1 × 10⁵ NIH3T3 cells. Clones expressing provirus were isolated after 10 days of selection in 400 μg / ml G418 (Gibco). In a further approach, 20 µg pMCCre together with 1 µg pBABE / Puro were transfected into two NIH3T3 clones expressing U3pgklxtkneo. Puromycin-resistant cell populations were isolated in 10 µg / ml puromycin after 10 days of selection.
Genomische DNA aus Retrovirusvektor-infizierten und MCCre transfizier ten Klonen wurde mit den Enzymen Xba1/Nde1 oder Hind III geschnitten. Nach Fraktionierung auf 1% (w/v) Agarosegelen wurde die DNA auf Hybond-Plus (Amersham) Membranen transferiert und mit ³²P-markierten Neo-Sonden wie früher beschrieben hybridisiert (20).Genomic DNA from retrovirus vector infected and MCCre transfected The clones were cut with the enzymes Xba1 / Nde1 or Hind III. After Fractionation on 1% (w / v) agarose gels, the DNA was on Hybond-Plus (Amersham) membranes transferred and with 32 P-labeled neo-probes such as previously hybridized (20).
Die Expressionskassette pgklxtkneo wurde in die Nhe 1 Schnittstelle der U3 Region eines enhancerlosen Moloney murine leukemia virus Vektor kloniert (Fig. 5). Der enstandene Retrovirus-Vektor -pU3pgklxTkneo- wurde transient in der Helferzellinie -BOSC23- verpackt. NIH3T3 Zellen wurden mit hochtitri gen, helfervirusfreien BOCS23 Überständen infiziert. Provirus-exprimierende Klone wurden in G418 isoliert und mit den Expressionsplasmiden pMCCre und pBABE/Puro transfiziert. DNA aus Puromycin-resistenten und aus entsprechen den nicht-transfizierten Ursprungsklonen wurde auf Southern Blots analysiert. Fig. 6 zeigt, daß als Folge einer Cre vermittelten Deletion loxP flankierter Se quenzen, die Provirus-enthaltenden NdeI/XbaI Restriktionsfragmente insgesamt kleiner werden. Entsprechend sind die loxP flankierten proviralen Sequenzen auf Hind III Restriktionsfragmenten nur noch bedingt nachweisbar (Fig. 6).The expression cassette pgklxtkneo was cloned into the near 1 interface of the U3 region of an enhancer-less Moloney murine leukemia virus vector ( FIG. 5). The resulting retrovirus vector -pU3pgklxTkneo- was packaged transiently in the helper cell line -BOSC23-. NIH3T3 cells were infected with high-titer, helper virus-free BOCS23 supernatants. Clones expressing provirus were isolated in G418 and transfected with the expression plasmids pMCCre and pBABE / Puro. DNA from puromycin-resistant and from the corresponding non-transfected original clones was analyzed on Southern blots. FIG. 6 shows that as a result of a Cre mediated deletion of loxP-flanked sequences, the provirus-containing NdeI / XbaI restriction fragments become smaller overall. Accordingly, the loxP-flanked proviral sequences on Hind III restriction fragments can only be detected to a limited extent ( FIG. 6).
Die Ergebnisse besagen, daß (i) die Extrasequenzen in der U3-Region ein schließlich loxP die Virusreplikation nicht behindern; (ii) die duplizierten loxP Sequenzen von Cre Rekombinase erkannt und rekombiniert werden und dabei, (iii) die zwischen loxP Elementen liegenden viralen und nicht-viralen Sequenzen deletiert werden.The results indicate that (i) the extra sequences in the U3 region finally, loxP does not hinder virus replication; (ii) the duplicated loxP Sequences of Cre recombinase are recognized and recombined and (iii) the viral and non-viral sequences between loxP elements be deleted.
Zur Beantwortung der Frage ob die Cre/loxP vermittelte Rekombination auch dann funktioniert, wenn sich Cre kodierende und loxP Sequenzen auf dem gleichen Molekül befinden, wurde die MCCre Kassette zwischen die beiden LTRs des U3pgklxTkneo Vektors kloniert (Fig. 7). Das erhaltene Plasmid -pU3pgkIxTkneoMCCre- wurde zur Retrovirusproduktion in BOCS23 Zellen, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, transfiziert. U3pgklxTkneoMCCre exprimierende NIH3T3 Zellen wurden nach Infektion als Klone in G418 isoliert, und deren In tegrationen auf Southern Blots analysiert: Die Untersuchung der U3pgklxTkneo und U3pgklxTkneoMCCre Integrationen in mehreren unabhängigen Klonen er gab, daß bei vergleichbarer Anzahl von Proviren die Intensität der konstanten (und im Falle einer Rekombination verschwindenden) Hind III Fragmente in MCCre exprimierenden Klonen 5-10-fach reduziert wird (Fig. 7). Dies bedeutet, daß aus einer signifikanten Fraktion der U3pgklxTkneoMCCre Proviren die loxP flankierten Sequenzen einschließlich MCCre deletiert wurden.To answer the question whether the Cre / loxP-mediated recombination works even if Cre coding and loxP sequences are on the same molecule, the MCCre cassette was cloned between the two LTRs of the U3pgklxTkneo vector ( FIG. 7). The resulting plasmid -pU3pgkIxTkneoMCCre- was transfected for retrovirus production in BOCS23 cells as described in Example 1. After infection, NIH3T3 cells expressing U3pgklxTkneoMCCre were isolated as clones in G418, and their integrations were analyzed for Southern blots: Examination of the U3pgklxTkneo and U3pgklxTkneoMCCre integrations in several independent clones revealed that the intensity of the constant (and in the case of a recombination disappearing) Hind III fragments in MCCre-expressing clones is reduced 5-10-fold ( FIG. 7). This means that the loxP-flanked sequences including MCCre were deleted from a significant fraction of the U3pgklxTkneoMCCre Proviren.
Fig. 1: Schematische Darstellung eines konventionellen Retrovirus und dessen integrierte Form (Provirus). Fig. 1: Schematic representation of a conventional retrovirus and its integrated form (provirus).
Fig. 2: Funktionelle Darstellung eines sequenzspezifischen Rekombinationssy stems. Fig. 2: Functional representation of a sequence-specific recombination system.
Fig. 3 und 4: Schematische Darstellung der Retroviren der Erfindung und der nach Integration stattfindenden Rekombination. P = Promotor; Ts = Targetsequenz; PKS = Protein-kodierende Sequenz; Rec = Rekombinase. FIGS. 3 and 4: Schematic representation of the retrovirus of the invention and which takes place after integration recombination. P = promoter; Ts = target sequence; PKS = protein coding sequence; Rec = recombinase.
Fig. 5: Struktur der retroviralen Vektoren U3pgklxtkneo und U3pgklxtkneoMCCre. Fig. 5: Structure of the retroviral vectors U3pgklxtkneo and U3pgklxtkneoMCCre.
Fig. 6: Southern Blots von U3pgklxtkneo exprimierenden Klonen vor und nach MCCre Transfektion. Die DNA der ersten 6 Bahnen wurde mit den nicht im Pro virus schneidenen Enzymen Nde I und Xba I verdaut. Die restlichen DNAs wur den mit dem in den LTRs schneidenden Enzym Hinf III verdaut. - = ohne Cre; + = mit Cre. FIG. 6 shows Southern blots of expressing U3pgklxtkneo clones before and after MCCre transfection. The DNA of the first 6 lanes was digested with the enzymes Nde I and Xba I that did not cut in the pro virus. The remaining DNAs were digested with the enzyme Hinf III cutting in the LTRs. - = without cre; + = with Cre.
Fig. 7: Southern Blots von U3pgklxtkneo und U3pgklxtkneoMCCre exprimie renden Klonen. Die Intensitätsabnahme der konstanten Hind III Fragmente in U3pgklxtkneoMCCre Klonen wird beim Vergleich der 4.7 kb (A= U3pgklxtkneo) und 6 kb (B=U3pgklxtkneoMCCre ) Banden erkennbar. Die variablen Banden entsprechen der Anzahl der Integrationen. Fig. 7: Southern blots of U3pgklxtkneo and U3pgklxtkneoMCCre expressing clones. The decrease in intensity of the constant Hind III fragments in U3pgklxtkneoMCCre clones can be seen when comparing the 4.7 kb (A = U3pgklxtkneoMCCre) bands. The variable bands correspond to the number of integrations.
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Claims (13)
- - Konstruktion der retroviralen DNA nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 nach an sich bekannten Verfahren,
- - Transfektion in Verpackungszellinien,
- - Selektion virusproduzierender Klone
- - Infektion der Säugetierzellen,
- - Expression der Rekombinase,
- - Rekombination zwischen zwei Targetsequenzen, wobei gleichzeitig eine Deletion von der Rekombinase-enthaltenden Transkriptionseinheit und im wesentlichen aller proviraler Sequenzen stattfindet.
- - Construction of the retroviral DNA according to one of claims 1 to 8 by methods known per se,
- - transfection in packaging cell lines,
- - Selection of virus-producing clones
- - infection of the mammalian cells,
- Expression of the recombinase,
- - Recombination between two target sequences, a deletion of the recombinase-containing transcription unit and essentially all proviral sequences taking place simultaneously.
- - Konstruktion der retroviralen DNA nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 nach an sich bekannten Verfahren,
- - Infektion der Säugetierzellen,
- - Expression der Rekombinase,
- - Rekombination zwischen zwei Targetsequenzen, wobei gleichzeitig eine Deletion von der Rekombinase-enthaltenden Transkriptionseinheit und im wesentlichen aller proviraler Sequenzen stattfindet.
- - Construction of the retroviral DNA according to one of claims 1 to 8 by methods known per se,
- - infection of the mammalian cells,
- Expression of the recombinase,
- - Recombination between two target sequences, a deletion of the recombinase-containing transcription unit and essentially all proviral sequences taking place simultaneously.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995130412 DE19530412A1 (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1995-08-18 | Self-deleting retroviral vectors for gene therapy |
| CA 2228159 CA2228159A1 (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1996-02-23 | Self-deleting vectors for gene therapy |
| JP9508854A JPH11511018A (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1996-02-23 | Self-deleting vectors for gene therapy |
| AU49410/96A AU4941096A (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1996-02-23 | Self-deleting vectors for gene therapy |
| PCT/EP1996/000761 WO1997007223A1 (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1996-02-23 | Self-deleting vectors for gene therapy |
| EP96905788A EP0845041A1 (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1996-02-23 | Self-deleting vectors for gene therapy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995130412 DE19530412A1 (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1995-08-18 | Self-deleting retroviral vectors for gene therapy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19530412A1 true DE19530412A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
Family
ID=7769797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995130412 Withdrawn DE19530412A1 (en) | 1995-08-18 | 1995-08-18 | Self-deleting retroviral vectors for gene therapy |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0845041A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11511018A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4941096A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19530412A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997007223A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999060142A3 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-07-13 | Cancer Res Campaign Tech | Gene therapy vectors and their use in antitumour therapy |
| DE19941186A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-01 | Peter Droege | Sequence-specific DNA recombination in eukaryotic cells |
| WO2001079471A3 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2002-03-28 | Dana Farber Cancer Inst Inc | Self-extinguishing recombinases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods of using the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN903196A0 (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1996-04-26 | Australian National University, The | Single-step excision means |
| DE19834430C2 (en) | 1998-07-30 | 2000-05-31 | Harald Von Melchner | Self-deleting vectors for cancer therapy |
| DE60044488D1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2010-07-15 | Nippon Inst For Biolog Science | PLASMID VECTOR |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE83008T1 (en) * | 1987-07-21 | 1992-12-15 | Du Pont Merck Pharma | PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT VIRAL VECTORS STABLE AND VIABLE IN ANIMAL CELLS. |
| US5527695A (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 1996-06-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Controlled modification of eukaryotic genomes |
| JP4216350B2 (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 2009-01-28 | 大日本住友製薬株式会社 | Recombinant DNA viral vector for animal cell infection |
-
1995
- 1995-08-18 DE DE1995130412 patent/DE19530412A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-23 WO PCT/EP1996/000761 patent/WO1997007223A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-02-23 AU AU49410/96A patent/AU4941096A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-02-23 JP JP9508854A patent/JPH11511018A/en active Pending
- 1996-02-23 EP EP96905788A patent/EP0845041A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Cell, Vol. 73, S. 1155-1164, 18. Juni 1993 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999060142A3 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-07-13 | Cancer Res Campaign Tech | Gene therapy vectors and their use in antitumour therapy |
| DE19941186A1 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2001-03-01 | Peter Droege | Sequence-specific DNA recombination in eukaryotic cells |
| WO2001079471A3 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2002-03-28 | Dana Farber Cancer Inst Inc | Self-extinguishing recombinases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods of using the same |
| US6852530B2 (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2005-02-08 | Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. | Self-extinguishing recombinases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods of using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4941096A (en) | 1997-03-12 |
| EP0845041A1 (en) | 1998-06-03 |
| JPH11511018A (en) | 1999-09-28 |
| WO1997007223A1 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
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