DE19520072A1 - Composting silo three-laminate plastic hatch core - Google Patents

Abstract

A composting silo is sealed by an air tight insulating door surrounded by an edge recess which receives an air-expanded seal from the silo. The novelty is that the door is fabricated from a three-layer laminate (12), the central core (16) of which is of foam-expanded plastic with the outer faces (18, 20) made of fibre-strengthened plastic glued to the core. The door is surrounded by an H-shaped extruded metal profile (38) whose rear projections (38a) fit the front and rear door faces (38a) and whose front projections (38c) accommodate a gas-expanded tubular seal (36).

Description

The invention relates to a heat insulating, in ge closed state tightly in the door opening Door leaf for compost silos or containers with one door sheet of one on the outside and inside by each a wear-resistant covering covered layer of ther mix insulating foam material and one forehead enclosing metallic frame, which on the front a circumferential holder for an elastic hose device with circumferential cavity, which in the output state within the limit of the absorption of the metalli the frame is, when their cavity is loaded with a pressure medium up to the door the wall of the door opening out of the holder is malleable.

In more recent times, prefabricated and are still on suitably designed transporters transportable Compost silos made of concrete used for composting rotting waste and the like Like. Serve, these Silos a large area, i.e. H. also with hall conveyor vehicles  against drivable doors, which the loading and Allow unloading. Because in such silos rotting the heat generated during the rotting process is particularly promoted, these doors must be well insulated to avoid heat loss, and on the other hand, the closed doors largely close gas and moisture tight, for example to prevent the emission of unpleasant smells.

So far, the door panels have been used for compost silos seen doors as metal structures made of folded Sheet metal profiles with an insulating layer insert from one Made of plastic foam. Even the front and back side of the door leaf is covered with metal sheets. Because of the complex structure and the complex assembly of the door wings can only be manufactured at high costs.

The invention is based on the object, door wing for the application in question here create which with at least equivalent use egg properties are much cheaper to manufacture.

Starting from a door wing of the type mentioned This object is achieved in that the Door leaf is an essentially three-layer laminate panel has, the middle layer of a large area Foam plastic plate is formed on de opposite sides of each thin sheet fiber-reinforced plastic material adhered and that the metal frame surrounding the door leaf men from a metallic extruded profile with about U-för cross section is formed, the U-legs of the Au Outside of the panels made of fiber-reinforced plastic mate rial overlap and its web surface the front edges of the Door leaf covers, being from the the front edges of the door sheet opposite the outside of the web surface two at a distance from each other parallel, integrally attached  Shaped strip-like leg sections occur between which the receptacle for the hose seal is formed. The layers of the laminate board used stand in sufficient size, so that the production of the Door leaf by gluing previously cut plat made of foamed plastic and fiber-reinforced Plastic material is easy to carry out. Through that Front edges of the laminate encompassing metallic strand press profile, e.g. B. an aluminum extruded profile Front edges of the door leaf reliably against mechanical loading damage protected and the door wing along its Stiffened edges. In addition, the door panel thus produced gel made up of comparatively few components and - compared to the known door leaves - specific lighter without losing its mechanical resistance is reduced.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the Ausge design so that the facing In side of the strip-like leg sections in a small amount Distance above the web surface of the metallic strand extrusion profile in the longitudinal direction of the profile Approaches emerge, between their facing each other a circumferential slot is formed on the free end faces, and that in the area above the last approaches hose seal lying between the leg sections on the underside facing the strip-like approaches a Ver running in the longitudinal direction of the hose seal has anchoring section, the width of which in the immediate bar area adjacent to the hose seal, approximately the clear width of the Schlit formed between the approaches zes is in the area below the strip-like Approaches and recording formed above the web surface however expanded. This makes it possible to Hose seal in its correct functional position in the between the leg sections of the extruded profile to position the recorded image and thus the desired  Gas and moisture tightness of the closed door ensure.

It is recommended that the hose seal in the anchoring opposite section by a reduced thickness of their wall compared to the rest Wall area from elastically deformable to ensure that the hose is sealed primarily when applying the pressure medium expands outside in the direction of the reveal of the door opening and so the desired seal is obtained.

The manufacture of the hose seal is preferred point in such a way that it is opposite the anchoring section outer area of the hose seal in the not Pressure medium applied output or manufacturing stood in cross section towards the anchoring section is arched. This ensures represents that when the seal is relieved of pressure, withdraws the starting position and thus opens the door wing is possible without the risk of damage the hose seal.

To improve the sealing of the closed door wing gels can the hose seal in the anchoring cut opposite elastic outer area with white at least two, but preferably several, in the longitudinal direction direction of the hose seal extending from the outside protruding low ribs with a pointed cross cut be provided. This, with the door leaf closed and hose seal with the pressure medium in the ribs pressed against the door reveal then form, so to speak a labyrinth seal, even with small bumps in the door reveal the absolutely tight seal poses.  

In a further development according to the invention, the metallic Frame of two frames formed from the extruded profile Sections formed facing a door leaf flat side are each bent in a U-shape, the Web of the U each the length of an end edge of the door leaf and the legs each half the length of the right angle subsequent front edges of the door leaf. The two Frame sections are thus from opposite foreheads edges pushed onto the laminate board and then in ge appropriately fixed.

It is recommended that the free leg ends of the frame menu sections each aligned with the free ends of each because another frame section aligned and by each because one of the extruded profile web surfaces on the door leaf side comprehensive and with the web surfaces of the extruded profiles of both frame sections connected tab to the circumferential Frame to connect.

The tabs on the web surface of the extruded profile Frame section can be pre-assembled, for. B. attached welded, soldered or riveted while they are with the web surface of the second frame section after the Assembly on the door leaf. This connection can for example by means of the web surface of the Extruding profile, in threaded hole in the The screw is screwed into place.

The between the free leg ends of the frame sections Butt joints formed can then expediently by an ela static seal to be sealed against the ingress of Avoid moisture inside the door leaf. Proven have the flowable condition from Kartu injectable, elastically setting masses the faces of the shanks facing each other in the joint stick of the frame sections.  

To further stiffen the door leaf is preferred in Development of the invention in the from foamed Plastic-formed middle layer of the laminate board of the door leaf a number of parallel, horizontally ver running groove-like recesses provided in which never metallic hollow profiles are arranged.

The configuration can be such that the me have metallic hollow profiles rectangular cross-section, d. H. are formed by commercially available rectangular tubes, and the in its dimensions the rectangular cross section of the Hohlpro file according to dimensioned groove-like recesses the fiber-reinforced panel on the outside of the door leaf Plastic is worked into the middle layer. The The hollow profiles are then introduced before the forth position of the laminate simply by inserting it into the groove like recesses.

It is advantageous to design such that the Depth measured at right angles to the flat sides of the door leaf the groove-like recesses in the middle layer of the Laminate board and the corresponding dimensions in the groove-like recesses inserted hollow profiles smaller than between the outer, fiber-reinforced panels Measure the plastic measured thickness of the middle layer is. This ensures that between the metalli hollow profiles and the inside of the door leaf plate made of fiber-reinforced plastic material Layer of still foamed plastic connects, d. H. the thermal insulation of the door leaf is not through cold bridge formed by the hollow profiles impaired.

Fittings attached to the outside of the door leaf, at for example the parts of hinges on the door wing side or locking devices are at least in Fastening area appropriately aligned with the metal arranged hollow profiles with rectangular cross-section and  through holes in the fiber wing on the outside of the door leaf strengthened plate connected to the hollow profiles. The above The fittings are then subjected to stresses widely distributed in art over the hollow profiles material materials of the door wing initiated.

It is expedient to attach such that in the loading rich of Be attached to the outside of the door leaf strikes arranged in the hollow profiles flat sides and the Fittings through in threaded holes in the flat bars screw the fastening screws on the door leaf are steady.

If the door wing according to the invention for tight closure of rooms in which - compared to the reverse exercise atmosphere - at least temporarily overpressure or underpressure it is advisable to prevent the door leaf from deforming stiffen in the sense of arching. Invention according to the configuration can then be made such that between the foamed from the large-area plate tem plastic formed middle layer and this facing inner surface of the provided on the inside thin plate made of fiber-reinforced plastic material another layer in the form of a large-area plate from what glued plywood is provided.

It is advisable to glue the board from waterproof full plywood with both the inside of the thin plate made of fiber-reinforced plastic material as also the large-area plate made of foamed plastic to glue.

The stiffening effect from the plywood board can still thereby be increased if the metallic hollow profiles through from the large-area plate foamed plastic formed middle layer through up to the board made of waterproof glued  Extend plywood, which is recommended, then the hollow profiles in the contact area with the plate made of water to glue firmly glued plywood together d. H. before preferably to glue.

Birch plywood is preferred for the plywood panel used, which has a similar thermal expansion behavior as the subsequent laminate layers show, creating a Detach the surface of the plywood board from the subsequent laminate layers is not to be feared.

The invention is in the following description of an example in connection with the drawing he closer purifies, showing:

Figure 1 is a front view of the outside of a door wing constructed in the manner according to the invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the door leaf, seen in the direction of arrows 2-2 in Fig. 1.

FIG. 3 shows the edge area of the door leaf according to the invention shown in Figure 1 within the dot-dashed circle 10, but extending in a centered and parallel to the door leaf-flat sides of the cutting plane. and

Fig. 4 in the sectional view of FIG. 2 substantially corresponding, but not up to the area of the metallic frame's sectional view through a portion of a modified embodiment of the door leaf according to the invention.

The door leaf shown in the drawing, designated in its entirety by 10 , has a door leaf formed by a three-layer laminate panel 12, which is framed and stiffened along its edges by a metallic frame 14 .

The middle layer of the laminate board 12 is made of a large, relatively thick board 16 made of foamed plastic, e.g. B. made of polyurethane, which gives the door wing 10 the desired heat insulation properties.

On the opposite flat sides of the plate made of foam plastic, a thin plate 18 , 20 of a high-strength and additionally fiber-reinforced plastic material is applied by a suitable adhesive. Such a laminate board 12 is specifically light and can withstand high loads due to the high strength and strength of the fiber reinforced cover boards 18 , 20 . By prior to the gluing of the cover plate 18 , 20 with the foam plastic plate 16 offset in height at a parallel distance into the outer cover plate 18 open groove-like recesses 22 inserted, extending essentially over the entire width of the door leaf metal profiles 24 in the form of rectangular tubes, one received further stiffening of the door leaf. In addition, these rectangular tubes 24 allow the heavy-duty attachment of fittings, for. B. of hinges 26 and a locking device 28 , as shown schematically in Fig. 1. In the special case, three horizontal rectangular tubes 24 are inserted at different heights in the laminate panel 12 , which at their one end - located on the right in FIG. 1 - each carry the door leaf-side striking part 26 a of the hinges 26 on the outside of the cover panel 18 , while on left end of the bracket 28 a are attached to a slide bolt 28 b, which are coupled by a linkage 28 c and can be advanced and retracted together by a handwheel 28 d.

The exact design of the hinges 26 and the locking device 28 is not part of the inven tion, so that these fittings are therefore not described in detail. However, it can be seen in Fig. 2 that the wing-side stop part 26 a has a flat surface gene, attachable to the cover plate 18 mounting flange 26 b, which is screwed by means of fastening screws 30 to the associated rectangular tube, the threaded shafts of the screws through holes in the cover plate 18 and the underlying wall of the rectangular pipe 24 through the, a mas immersive flat iron 34 chipboard formed are screwed into one for each common to BEFE stigenden fitting parts of each. It can be seen that the screw connection of the rectangular tubes with the door wing stop part 26 a of the hinges 26 transmits the weight of the door wing into the hinges without individual areas of the laminate panel being exposed to high stress peaks. The statements made above also apply analogously to the components of the locking device 28 arranged in the opposite end region of the rectangular tubes 24 .

The laminate panel 12 enclosing metallic frame 14 only fulfills the task of stiffening the door leaf and the protection of in not the covered state endangered by me chanical damage orbiting Stirnkan the laminate board th additional function of supporting a rotating tube seal 36 (Fig. 2) when the door leaf 10 is closed by applying its hollow space with a pressure medium to the surrounding walls and the bottom of the door opening and then applying a hermetically sealed closure to the door opening, which also causes flammable or flammable waste during the rotting process does not let their odor-causing gases pass through.

To produce the metallic frame 14 , a specially developed extruded profile, preferably made of aluminum, is used, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 2.

The extruded profile 38 has in its portion provided as a frame for the laminate board 12 an approximately U-shaped cross-section, the U-legs 38 a overlap the outer sides of the cover plates 18 and 20 and the web surface 38 b covers the end edges of the laminate board. From the outside of the web surface 38 b facing away from the laminate board, two circumferential, integrally formed strip-like leg sections 38 c occur, which on their mutually facing sides each bear a certain distance above the web surface 38 b parallel to this projecting short sentences 38 d, between them a circumferential slot remains free, in which the elastic hose seal 36 can be connected by the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 with an anchoring portion 36 a integrally attached to the area seated on the shoulders 38 d.

In Fig. 2 the hose seal 36 is shown in the non-pressurized vented state, in which chem the hose seal is completely pulled back into the space between the strip-like leg sections 38 c. In addition, the dot-dashed state is indicated by dash-dotted lines, in which the hose seal 38 cuts over the strip-like Schenkelab steps and seals against the adjacent wall or floor of the door opening.

In Fig. 1 it can be seen that the metallic frame is made up of two frame sections 14 b and 14 a produced from the extrusion profile 38 described above, each of the frame sections being U-shaped in the direction of view of the cover plate 18 , the web of the U each have the length of a vertical end edge of the door leaf and the legs each have half the length of the right-angled, ie horizontal end edges of the door leaf. The transition between the web and the legs is each arc-shaped or quarter-circular, which is easily possible on corresponding bending devices. It is then of course assumed that the door opening in the transition area between the vertical walls and the upper wall or the floor is rounded out in a quarter circle in the same way.

The connection of the two frame sections 14 a and 14 b to the frame takes place in the manner shown in FIG. 3 by an inner surface of the web surfaces 38 b of the extruded profile facing the laminate panel in the joint area and covering the two frame sections 14 a, 14 b connected tabs 14 , which is welded, for example, to the inner surface of the web surface 38 b of the frame section 14 b and is screwed to the web surface 38 b of the frame section 14 a by fastening screws 42 . The actual joint area can then additionally be sealed against the ingress of damaging corrosive media by means of an injected, elastically setting sealing compound 44 which firmly adheres to the extruded profiles.

In Fig. 4 is a sectional view through a portion of a modified embodiment of the inventive door panel 10 is shown, which is intended for the case that on the door panel from the inside - be related to the atmospheric pressure acting on the outside - excess or Negative pressure acts.

To avoid that the pressure difference between the outside and the inside of a deformation, for. B. a curvature of the door leaf 10 is between the inner surface of the inside of the door leaf 10 before seen thin plate 20 made of fiber-reinforced plastic material and the surface facing this made of foamed plastic yet a plate 50 made of waterproof glued plywood, namely preferably birch plywood, arranged on which is glued flat to both the thin fiber-reinforced plate 20 and the plate 16 made of foamed plastic. This plate 50 stiffens the door leaf 10 to such an extent that deformations due to different pressures prevailing on the inside and outside can be prevented here. Under supports this resistance to deformation because the stiffening and for the attachment of loading provided provided hollow profiles 24 are dimensioned so that they go through from the inner surface of the outer fiber-reinforced thin plate 18 to the plywood plate 50 . In the Anla area, the hollow profiles 24 can then with the plywood plate 50 , z. B. adhesively bonded. Such an adhesive bonding of the hollow profiles can also be done with the inner surface of the thin plate provided on the outside of the door leaf 10 made of fiber-reinforced plastic material.

Claims (21)

1.Thermally insulating door leaf for compost silos or containers, which is tightly closed in the door opening, with a door leaf made of a layer of thermally insulating foam material covered on the outside and inside by a wear-resistant covering and a metal frame enclosing the front edges , which has a circumferential receptacle on the end face for an elastic hose seal with circumferential cavity, which in the initial state lies within the limits of the receptacle of the metallic frame, when its cavity is acted upon, with a pressure medium, however, in contact with the walls of the door opening surrounding the door the receptacle is deformable, characterized in that
that the door leaf has a substantially three-layer laminate natplatte ( 12 ), the middle layer of which is formed by a large-area plate ( 16 ) made of foamed plastic, on the opposite sides of which a thin plate ( 18 ; 20 ) made of fiber-reinforced plastic material is adhered , and
that the metal frame ( 14 ) enclosing the door leaf is formed by a metallic extruded profile ( 38 ) with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, the U-legs ( 38 a) overlap the outer sides of the plates ( 18 ; 20 ) made of raser-reinforced plastic material and its web surface ( 38 b) covers the front edges of the door leaf, two integrally formed strip-like leg sections ( 38 c), from which the front edges of the door leaf opposite the outside of the web surface ( 38 b), run parallel and at a distance from one another, between which the receptacle for the hose seal ( 36 ) is formed. 2. Door leaf according to claim 1, characterized in that from the mutually facing inner sides of the strip-like leg sections ( 38 c) at a short distance above the web surface ( 38 b) of the metallic extruded profile ( 38 ) extending strip-like approaches ( 38 d) occur in the longitudinal direction of the profile, a circumferential slot is formed between their mutually facing free end faces, and that the hose seal ( 36 ) lying in the area above the strip-like projections ( 38 d) between the leg sections ( 38 c) on the underside facing the strip-like projections has a hose seal (a 36) having longitudinally extending anchoring portion whose width in the immediately to the hose seal subsequent sequent range approximately to the clear width of the records between the on (38 d) slit formed is itself of (d 38) in the area beneath the strip-like extensions and Au formed above the web surface ( 38 b) However, the recording room was expanded. 3. Door leaf according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hose seal ( 36 ) in the anchoring section ( 36 a) opposite outer area is formed by a reduced thickness of its wall compared to the remaining wall area to an increased extent elastically deformable. 4. Door leaf according to claim 3, characterized in that the anchoring section ( 36 a) opposite outer area of the hose seal in the non-pressurized initial or manufacturing state in cross section inward towards the anchoring section ( 36 a) is arched. 5. Door leaf according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the hose seal ( 36 ) in the section of the anchoring ( 36 a) opposite elastic outer region with at least two in the longitudinal direction of the hose seal ( 36 ) extending from the outside of low ribs is provided with a tapered cross-section. 6. Door leaf according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metallic frame ( 14 ) from two formed from the extruded frame sections ( 14 a; 14 b) is formed, each U-shaped bent in the direction of view of a door leaf flat side are, the web of the U each have the length of an end edge of the door leaf and the legs each have half the length of the right-angled end edges of the door leaf. 7. Door leaf according to claim 6, characterized in that the free leg ends of the frame sections ( 14 a; 14 b) each aligned with the free ends of the other frame section ( 14 b; 14 a) and aligned by one of the extruded profile web surfaces ( 38 b) overlapping the door leaf and with the web surfaces ( 38 b) of the extruded profiles ( 38 ) of both frame sections ( 14 a; 14 b) connected tabs ( 40 ) to the surrounding frame ( 14 ) are connected. 8. Door leaf according to claim 7, characterized in that the tabs ( 40 ) on the web surface ( 38 b) of the Strangpreßpro fils ( 38 ) of a frame portion (z. B. 14 b) are pre-assembled and with the web surface ( 38 b) of second frame section (e.g. 14 a) after assembly on the door leaf. 9. Door leaf according to claim 8, characterized in that the connection of the tab ( 40 ) with the second Rahmenab section by means of the web surface ( 38 b) of the extruded profile ( 38 ) penetrating, in threaded holes in the tab ( 40 ) screws ( 42 ) he follows. 10. Door leaf according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the butt joint formed between the free leg ends of the frame sections is sealed by an elastic seal ( 44 ). 11. Door leaf according to claim 10, characterized in that the elastic seal ( 44 ) is formed from a, in flowable to injected, elastically setting, adhering to the opposing end faces of the legs adhering to the mass. 12. Door leaf according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the middle layer ( 16 ) formed from foamed plastic of the laminate plate of the door leaf, a number of parallel, horizontally extending groove-like recesses ( 22 ) are provided, in which metallic hollow profiles ( 24 ) are arranged. 13. Door leaf according to claim 12, characterized in that the metallic hollow profiles ( 24 ) have a rectangular cross-section and the dimensions of the rectangular cross-section of the hollow profiles ( 24 ) appropriately dimensioned nutar term recesses ( 22 ) under the door leaf outside fiber-reinforced plate ( 18 ) are made of plastic in the middle layer ( 16 ). 14. Door leaf according to claim 13, characterized in that the measured perpendicular to the door leaf flat sides depth of the groove-like recesses ( 22 ) in the middle layer ( 16 ) of the laminate panel ( 12 ) and the corresponding dimensions of the hollow profiles inserted in the groove-like recesses ( 24 ) are smaller than the thickness of the middle layer ( 16 ) of the laminate panel ( 12 ) measured between the outer, fiber-reinforced panels ( 18 ; 20 ) made of plastic. 15. Door leaf according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that on the outside of the door panel attached fittings (z. B. 26 ; 28 ) arranged in alignment with the hollow metal profiles ( 24 ) with a rectangular cross-section and through holes in the outside of the door leaf Faserver reinforced plate ( 18 ) with the hollow profiles ( 24 ) are connected. 16. Door leaf according to claim 15, characterized in that in the area of fastened on the outside of the door panel fittings (z. B. 26 a) in the hollow profiles ( 24 ) arranged flat iron ( 34 ) and the fittings ( 26 a) by in thread bore ( 32 ) in the flat iron ( 34 ) screw fastening screws ( 30 ) are fastened to the door leaf. 17. Door leaf according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that between the large-area plate ( 16 ) made of foamed plastic middle layer and this facing inner surface of the thin plate ( 20 ) provided on the inside made of fiber-reinforced plastic material a further layer in the form of a large-area plate ( 50 ) made of waterproof glued plywood is provided. 18. Door leaf according to claim 17, characterized in that the plate ( 50 ) made of waterproof glued plywood is glued over the entire surface with the inside of the thin plates ( 20 ) made of fiber-reinforced plastic material and / or the large surface plate ( 16 ) made of foamed plastic. 19. Door leaf according to claim 12 and claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the metallic hollow profiles ( 24 ) through which formed by the large-area plate ( 16 ) made of foamed plastic material through into contact with the plate ( 50 ) from what stretch glued plywood. 20. Door leaf according to claim 19, characterized in that the hollow profiles ( 24 ) in the contact area on the plate ( 50 ) are glued from waterproof glued plywood. 21. Door leaf according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized characterized in that the plate made of waterproof glued Plywood is made of birch plywood.