DE19504008A1 - Recycling waste plastic from domestic or other rubbish - Google Patents

Abstract

Recycling waste thermoplastic material (I) from domestic, trade and/or industrial rubbish comprises mixing with raw tar or bitumen material (II) to give a useful composite material (III).

Description

The invention relates to a method for the disposal of plastic waste House and / or commercial and / or industrial waste collections, the thermo contains plastic plastics.

Plastic waste is a generic term for a number of Types of waste with plastic components. It can be household waste in the Federal Republic of Germany by the population in the so-called "yellow sacks" or also in the so-called recycling bins etc. is collected, its disposal currently via the so-called "Green Dot" of DSD GmbH is financed.

Plastic waste from trade and industry that can be considered as waste containing pure plastic or in batches.

Currently, this plastic waste is mainly incinerated and only recycled in small quantities, if at all.

Starting from this prior art, the object of the invention based on a process for the disposal of plastic waste at the beginning Specify the type mentioned, which is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly method of disposal of the plastic waste that one could also refer to household waste as household waste.

This object is achieved according to the invention for a method for the disposal of Plastic waste according to the preamble of claim 1 solved in that the  Plastic waste containing thermoplastic materials for the production of Tar and bitumen composite materials to a tar and bitumen raw mass is given.

This process removes the plastic waste mountains and makes them expensive environmentally harmful disposal methods avoided. The with the new ver roads made of bundle material or other works that can be used for construction purposes fabrics are characterized by high resilience and durability Comparison to unreinforced bitumen / tar products. At the same time environmentally friendly and extremely inexpensive method of recycling thermoplastics from household waste collections and / or mixed, further no longer usable commercial and industrial plastic waste turns.

Processes for the production of polymer-modified are from the prior art adorned bitumen known, of which the EP-553 513 A1, the EP-448 424 A2, the DD-2 05 178 B1 and the published together in the Derwent Abstracts version of the SU-937493 are to be mentioned. These methods do not offer a solution the problem of growing plastic waste in industrial societies.

At the same time, another goal of the Invention achieved, namely to provide a method with which a qualitatively better bitumen-based pavement in terms of its elasticity, its Abrasion properties and its susceptibility to frost can be obtained, and at the same time is cheaper to produce per unit volume.

The usual tar and bitumen products for building, civil engineering and road construction are characterized by poor resistance to breaking, cold and alternating loads. The new processes give these products larger ones through incorporated plastics Elasticity. The material is a special type of composite.  

The current production of bitumen-based pavements has in mind a serious disadvantage for thermal and / or mechanical stress le, especially low elasticity, poor abrasion and susceptibility to frost due to crack formation with subsequent Frost onset. To avoid such disadvantages are costly Additives added.

The thermoplastic is suitably contained the garbage around the waste from household waste collections, so that this can be disposed of in a simple and value-adding manner.

In an advantageous embodiment, the thermoplastic Garbage containing plastics before being mixed into the bitumen bulk of Metal parts cleaned to get a better product quality.

When using household waste, there are usually many single-use juice and Contain milk packaging, the thermoplastic in composite form contain. Then the garbage containing the thermoplastics includes Paper-aluminum composite materials in one step before their Addition to the bitumen raw mass can be finely crushed.

About the residues that occur, such as paper and thin metal strips if possible without loss of quality of the product to be manufactured in the waste mass to leave, the garbage becomes large after cleaning or crushing mixed lumely.

The process is carried out so that the thermoplastic containing garbage in portions or continuously with stirring into the preheated liquid bitumen between 150 and 300 degrees Celsius with the share of garbage between 1 and 80 percent of the total mass is advantageously between 5 and 30 percent of the total mass.  

Mineral aggregates such as sand and split are advantageous added, the waste containing the thermoplastics to a weight proportion of 5 to 80 percent of its total mass in the Bitumen raw mass is introduced that, for example, from sand or split existing mineral supplements continuously or in portions Stirred, adding the temperature of the mixture in one Period is increased from 10 to 100 minutes to 200 to 300 degrees Celsius, and that then the remaining amount of waste of 95 to 20 percent of its Ge velvet mass is introduced into the bitumen mass, with this being circulated and cooling to below 260 degrees Celsius, advantageously to below 200 Degrees Celsius, is mixed for further processing, so that in the cold the mass of the plastic parts no longer going into solution due to the Form shear forces of the mixing process in threads.

Finally, the thermo Garbage containing plastic plastics in portions or continuously with stirring in the liquid preheated to between 150 and 300 degrees Celsius Bitumen can be introduced, the proportion of waste between 20 and 80 Percent of the total mass. Then the mixture at Tempe temperatures of 200 to 250 degrees Celsius through the extruder perforated plate Knife head mixer pushed out, the small-volume viscous Product drops are swept in countercurrent by cooled gas a fine powdered mineral such as Talcum is added, and that the Mixture is brought to packaging temperature in a chute.

The new process dispenses with the admixture of inorganic or organic pre-formed fibers. The ones required for the composite material Fibers are made from thermoplastic waste that is difficult to recycle of any origin directly in the mixture during the melting process generated so that there is a composite material after cooling. The up melted plastic materials form a chain in the initial melt  network of threads, which are the decisive factors in the starting mixture Gives strength properties.

The new material can avoid all of the disadvantages mentioned. To the new To give material elasticity and higher abrasion resistance, Thermopla different types and origins in a certain weight ratio nis mixed with the liquid bitumen / tar in compliance with one of the ver adapted raw materials adapted temperature profile during the Mixing process, so that some of the polymers in bitumen physically dissolves, which results in a certain increase in viscosity, and another part of the Polymers is only melted and - without physically in solution go - through the mixing process in the temperature profile within the bitumen / Tar mixture is drawn out into coarse and fine threads. This basically embedded plastic threads give the material the described Breaking strength, elasticity and abrasion resistance. This is currently only through Addition of glass or cellulose fibers is achieved, which is quite a expensive procedure.

Thermoplastic polymers are currently in the Federal Republic of Germany Form of difficult to recycle household waste collections as well as from the Plastic manufacturing is extremely cheap because of this materia in unprocessed form are classified as hazardous waste.

For environmental reasons, recycling is not cost-intensive Pre-sorting with this new process is extremely environmentally friendly and very inexpensive to carry out. The elimination of the in the western industrial society Plastic waste accumulating everywhere creates increasing difficulties especially because one of the most valued properties of plastics, their practically nonexistent rotability, in the case of plastic Waste has a very negative impact.  

Below is the disposal procedure for the plastic waste mentioned described.

In the following, household waste includes everything in the Federal Republic of Germany by the population in the so-called "yellow sacks" or in the so-called recycling bins etc. is collected, its disposal is currently financed through the so-called "Green Dot" of DSD GmbH. This raw waste is freed of glass, stones and tin cans in separation plants According to a training to achieve a higher quality of the end product, the paper-aluminum composite materials are also separated Then there is the optional fine cleaning and then the garbage crushed. The resulting small plastic parts can be delivered in the system carrying out the process is pressed into packets.

The bitumen raw mass is - in the supplied by the refinery different qualities - melted and at a temperature of 190 to Maintained 250 degrees Celsius. The prepared is poured into this thin melt Plastic waste mixture, which is in any physical Condition can be in portions or continuously, depending on the concept of processing plant, added. The mass is stirred continuously or otherwise circulated.

Through the physical solution of some plastics in the bitumen melt the viscosity increases. Are the specified weight percentages of plastic that are highly variable depending on the area of application, incorporated into the mixture, the temperature is increased to between 250 and 300 degrees Celsius, whereby the melt is thinned and the heavy meltable plastic parts that do not physically dissolve in the Soften the melt and through the circulating or stirring shear forces into threads be taken off. The very hot mixture can also be used  Completion of the addition of all plastic material with minerali additives.

Therefore, all thermoplastic materials can be used itself or precisely because some of them do not dissolve in the bitumen. In this the latter case even improves the end product, because these materials with the prevailing temperatures and shear forces in Bitumen are pulled out into threads that give the end product its own the properties of a fiber-reinforced composite material. The one in the bitumen dissolved plastics give the products compared to the pure bitumen higher melting temperature, toughness, breaking strength and abrasion resistance The heat resistance and cold elasticity also increase.

The use of unpurified plastic household waste, which is only from pure metal parts such as cans and the like is exempted due to the prevailing processing temperature of 200 to 300 degrees Celsius which any food residues and other liquid and product residues ver vaporized or decomposed. The resulting char deposits, too which also contains the combustion residues when using paper Aluminum composite materials count in the bitumen mix completely distributed and do not degrade the quality of the product manufactured tes. This even applies to the paper aluminum that has so far been very difficult to disassemble nium composite materials widely used for milk and juice products be used. The wax parts of the packaging dissolve in the bitumen the temperature of 180 to 290 degrees Celsius used, while the organi decomposed residues (paper and liquid and food residues) or be disintegrated. There are only charring residues and thin Aluminum foil remnants, which can be found in the product manufactured by mr distribute the temperature and the mechanical shear forces very finely and therefore no impairment of the quality of the tar and bitumen ver mean composite materials.  

First of all, all thermoplastics can be used, which ones are below 300 degrees Celsius. PTFE products and similar waste Small parts of the total plastic mass are harmless.

For the attainment of higher quality tar and bitumen quality Bundwerkstoffes is a pre-sorting with removal of all metallic and paper waste components and a cleaning of the waste necessary the result of these two work steps is still mixed thoroughly, so that it is in the granulated or chopped waste in statistical Is distributed finely.

Should other products be manufactured, e.g. B. roofing paper shingles, roofing paper substitutes, cast screeds, pipe interior coatings, barrier concrete coatings, the finished mixture can be mixed with the known conventional additives can be further modified. This will not changed the basic structure significantly.

All the end products so produced have compared to the known ones Bitumen / tar products have a significantly higher heat resistance and higher cold elasticity. The original mother mix can also be used without further aggregates in the form of a standardized basic substance in shipping viable containers or molds as semi-finished products for the processing industry or crafts are brought.

Claims (7)

1. A process for the disposal of plastic waste from domestic and / or commercial and / or industrial waste collections containing thermoplastic materials, characterized in that the plastic waste containing thermoplastic materials for the production of tar and bitumen composite materials of a tar and bitumen raw mass is added. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste containing thermoplastic materials before being mixed into the Bitumen raw mass is cleaned from metal parts. 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized indicates that the garbage containing the thermoplastic materials is paper Contains aluminum composite materials in a process step before their Admixture into the bitumen raw mass. 4. The method according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the garbage after cleaning or crushing large volume is mixed. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized records that the garbage containing the thermoplastics portions wise or continuously with stirring in between 150 and 300 degrees Celsius preheated liquid bitumen is introduced, the proportion of Rubbish is between 1 and 80 percent of the total mass.   6. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the garbage containing thermoplastic plastics in a weight fraction of 5 up to 80 percent of its total mass is brought into the bitumen raw mass, that mineral supplements continuously or in portions with stirring be added, the temperature of the mixture over a period of time is increased from 10 to 100 minutes to 200 to 300 degrees Celsius, and that then the remaining amount of waste from 95 to 20 percent of its total mass is introduced into the bitumen mass, this with circulation and Cooling to below 260 degrees Celsius is mixed for further processing that in the cooling mass there is no longer art Form material portions into threads by the shear forces of the mixing process. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the garbage containing the thermoplastics in portions or continuously stirring to between 150 and 300 degrees Celsius heated liquid bitumen is introduced, with the proportion of waste between 20 and 80 percent of the total mass and that the mixture at Tempe temperatures of 200 to 250 degrees Celsius through an extruder perforated plate, the small-volume viscous product drops in counterflow from cooled gas, to which a fine powder mineral is added and that the mixture in a chute at packaging temperature brought.