DE1814003A1 - Solid-body matrix for a display system - Google Patents

Description

Pest body matrix for a display system

The invention relates to a display device or a similar system, in which a preferably visible Display or recording represented by selective excitation of very small sub-areas of a display or image area will.

The object of the invention is to provide a solid-state matrix arrangement to create with a peculiar training or structure that provides a solid display surface and that is on a sequencer or other control signals responds easily and is fully addressable.

The invention is thus based on a solid-state matrix arrangement for display and recording purposes and solves the problem

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Task in that the matrix arrangement has a number as Basic switching elements, arranged in columns next to each other 'Has multilayer units consisting of at least four layers of semiconductor material arranged directly one above the other alternating doping, of which the lower layer is made up of a large number of individual ones in rows and columns of arranged dots or pills of the one doping type, the next following layer from a plurality of individual strips of semiconductor material extending over the rows of pills opposite to the other Type of doping, the subsequent layer of a variety of strips extending over the columns of the pills Semiconductor material of the one doping type and the upper layer of a multiplicity of points or pills of semiconductor material again with the other type of doping opposite to that of the pills of the lower layer, which however Arranged in the same pattern as this, so that each "of the pills" layer on top of the corresponding pill lies, exist.

With these features of the invention, the Matrix device with known manufacturing techniques printed circuits easily and creates a matrix arrangement that is a number of useful Applications enables "

The matrix arrangement can advantageously be adjusted of the invention in further developments to display and recording devices, such as display panels, devices design for television purposes and copier facilities, by including controllable light sources in the matrix arrangement, the stationary, moving, monochrome, multicolored as well as flashing representations.

Embodiments of the invention will now be explained with reference to the drawing.

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It shows:

! • 'ig. 1 an enlarged and exploded view Solid-state matrix arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows the matrix arrangement according to FIG. 1 in a display system; FIG.

Fig. 3 shows the electrical equivalent circuit diagram of two of the multi-layer units in the matrix

Order according to Fig. 1;

FIG. ^{1 shows} an even further enlarged view of the various layers which form one of the multi-layer units of the matrix arrangement according to FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a multilayer unit of the matrix arrangement similar to FIG.

6 shows yet another embodiment of a multiple

Schiohteinheit similar to a matrix arrangement _Λ

Fig. 4; "

7 also shows yet another embodiment of a matrix arrangement similar to FIG. K, but with two multilayer units, and

FIG. 8 shows a section along the line 8-8 in FIG. 7.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a solid-state matrix arrangement, greatly enlarged 10 according to the invention. The shown

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Matrix arrangement OK can essentially be considered complete should be understood, however, an actual embodiment of the device would consist of a far greater number consist of multi-layer units. For the sake of clarity, FIGS. 1 and 2 also show those for connection the electrical connections between the components of the matrix arrangement 10 necessary terminals have been omitted. These are known per se and do not belong to the invention. The matrix arrangement 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 a number of superimposed different material layers formed. The device is shown in Fig. shown pulled apart so that the different layers are separated from one another.

It can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2 that the matrix arrangement 10 consists of four layers 12, 13, Ik and 15 made of semiconductor material, which together form the basic switching elements of the various multilayer units. The lowermost layer 12 consists of a large number of small, separate coverings or areas 16 made of semiconductor material. These areas are shown as squares in the drawing, and for the sake of simplicity these or similar areas or coverings in other parts of the matrix arrangement will continue to be referred to as pills. However, these do not have to be square, but can have a circular or other shape.

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These pills l6 are in the lower layer 12 in a regular Pattern arranged five rows parallel to the direction of arrow 17 and seven columns in the direction has parallel to the arrow IB of FIG. In the by the Pills 16 uncovered areas, the lower layer 12 contains an electrically insulating material 20 that the Pills isolated against each other.

The layer 13 immediately above the lower layer 12 consists of a number of strips 22 of semiconductor material which lie parallel to the rows of pills 16 of the lower layer 12, each of the strips covering a corresponding row of pills. The layer Ik located immediately above the layer 13 consists of a number of strips 2k of semiconductor material, each extending over this in the direction of a corresponding column of the pills 16 of the lower layer 12. The upper layer 15 consists of a number of pills 26 of semiconductor material arranged in the same pattern as the pills 16 of the lower layer 12, that is, each directly above a corresponding one of the pills 16 ₀ The spaces between the strips 22 of the layer 13 »den Strips 2k of the layer Ik and the pills 26 of the upper layer 15 are filled with electrically insulating material 20 (FIG. 2).

The four layers 12, 13, Ik and 15 made of semiconductor material can be in accordance with different per se

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knew different processes for the production of multi-layer integrated circuits getting produced. For example, each layer can be produced with masks using epitaxial technology. The semiconductor materials of the four layers are alternately doped with approximately the same concentrations of admixtures as which is common in the corresponding layers of controllable silicon rectifiers »As shown in FIG.

^ P goes, the pills 26 of the upper layer are made of P-conductive material, the strips 2h of the layer lh of N-conductive, the strips 22 of the layer 13 of P-conductive and the pills l6 of the lower layer 12 of N-conductive Material. It results from the fact that the matrix arrangement 10 consists of a large number of PNPN semiconductor switching elements, each of which consists of a pill 16 of the lower layer 12, a strip 22 of the next layer 13, a strip 2h of the layer 1h and a pill 26 of the upper layer 15 built

^ is ₀ It should be noted, however, that although a PNPN configuration is shown for the switching elements, they can just as easily be constructed from an NPNP configuration without deviating from the invention.

The matrix arrangement 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises, in addition to the four semiconductor layers 12, 13, 1h and 15, which form the basic switching elements, a light-emitting layer 28 which is composed of a large number of elements or points 30. These are in the same pattern

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as the pills l6 of the pad 12 arranged and cover each with a corresponding pill 16. Each element 30 emits light radiation when it comes from one of these Electric current flowing through from the associated Pill 16 is stimulated. Purely the elements 30 can be different, different materials can be used.

Preferably, each element 30 consists of a small one

Eat. light-emitting diode. In this case / of the element

30 either be a two-layer diode itself or it (■

consists only of a single layer of material, which is the other part with the material of the assigned pill i6 the diode forms. The spaces between the individual elements 30 are, in order to electrically isolate them from one another, filled with insulation material 20.

Below the light-emitting layer 28 is a transparent conductive layer 32, which allows the radiation of the light-emitting elements 30 to pass through and which is

common electrical connection of the bottom surfaces of all elements 30 is used. The bottom surface "3k of the layer 32 represents the light exit surface of the matrix arrangement 10. This surface is composed of a large number of individual light-emitting elements 30 lying next to one another, so that a visible image can be obtained on the exit surface when selected elements 30 are excited, provided that the light emitted by the elements 30 is in the visible range.

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In the matrix arrangement IO, two further layers for supplying the switching elements are provided above the upper layer 15. The layer 36 located directly above the semiconducting layer 15 is to be referred to as a resistance layer and consists of a large number of pills 38 with ohmic behavior, which are arranged in the same pattern as the pills 26 of the layer 15, so that the pills both layers are on top of each other. The spaces between the pills J8 are filled with insulation material 20 in order to isolate them from one another. A connection layer Ί0 made of an electrically conductive film is provided over the layer 36 and electrically connects all surfaces of the ohmic or resistive pills 38. The ohmic pills JS can be produced, for example, from a coating of resistance material on the film forming the connection layer 40, if the ohmic material has been given a classification corresponding to the pills 38 by means of soldering prior to assembly with the rest of the matrix arrangement 10 «

FIG. K shows a vertical section through a unit k2 of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 and represents the equivalent circuit diagram or a transistor analogy of two adjacent units Corresponding components of the equivalent circuit are provided with the same reference numerals. The figures show that each unit% 2 die

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two pills l6 and 26 and the two strips 22 and made of semiconductor material a trigger switch ^ similar to one controllable silicon rectifier form. From the Pig, it can also be seen that each trigger switch can be brought to work with appropriate feed if a negative signal on strip 24 at the same time as a positive signal is applied to the strip 22 in order to remove it from the non-conductive into the to bring the conductive state, whereby this once switched on, remains conductive until it is switched off »This takes place by simultaneously applying reverse signals to the strips 24 and 22 or by switching them off for a short time of all points so that all currents through the matrix arrangement are reduced to zero.

The upper and lower conductive layers 40 and 32 of the matrix arrangement are, as FIGS. 2, 3 ^and 3 show, connected to a voltage source 44, so that when a certain unit 42 is switched on, current flows through the voltage source and the corresponding unit Iiohtausemendende element 30 turns on. The ohmic pills 38 of each unit 42 serve as current limiters and in some cases can be omitted. 2 illustrates a typical application example of the matrix arrangement 10, in which all strips 24 of the layer and all strips 22 of the layer 13 are based on a latching logic

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are connected, which can be part of a computer, for example. Because the strips 22 only lie in one direction and the strips 2h only in another direction, each unit in the matrix arrangement 10 can be selectively excited by simultaneous switching signals on a strip 22 and on a strip 2h . The stripes therefore cross and mate exclusively in this particular unit. With the input of correctly consecutive trigger or switching signals to the strips 2h and 22, the switching logic h6 can therefore be used to stimulate those light-emitting points or pills that are required to produce a desired display on the exit surface ^ h of the matrix arrangement 10 .

As already mentioned, the number of multi-layer units in the matrix arrangement IO can of course be increased significantly beyond the number shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in order to obtain a relatively large display area which is divided into very small, individual points. It will also be understood that the matrix arrangement 10, with suitable selection of the materials for the light emitting points, is capable of providing a color display. The matrix arrangement 10 can therefore be used in systems which produce both monochromatic and multicolor displays and images. The switching logic h6 can be of such a type that it quickly and repeatedly changes the images on the image surface to create a moving image, as in Produce television. The matrix arrangement 10 becomes

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thus the equivalent of a flat television tube.

Fig. 5 shows a section through the multilayer unit; the liier with ^; i ^v > and which corresponds to the matrix arrangement of FIGS. 1 to k with the omission of the non-emitting layer 2y and the conductive, transparent layer 5. The parts of the arrangement V.: Which correspond to those of the matrix arrangement 10 are identified by the same

■. To be marked and not further "explained ₀ For flj

According to the arrangement, the exit surface 50 is located at the bottom of the semiconductor layer 12, the underside of each semiconductor pill 1b forming a small part of this exit surface. In operation, the upper conductive surface of the arrangement ki is connected to the positive terminal of a voltage source 52 and the negative terminal of the voltage source 52 is connected to a base or base plate 54.

Between the exit surface 50 and the upper surface of the

Base plate ¹ century is electrosensitive paper or the a

same inserted so that each pill 16 of the arrangement > ϊά to a new, limited area of the paper 56 has contact. When the switching element is triggered into its on state, current flows from the pill 16 through the electrosensitive paper 56 to the base plate 5 ^ and activates the paper on the area covered by the pill 16. When the paper 56 changes its color or tone by electrical activation, an image or other graphical record can be made thereon . Iin ~

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switch selected switching elements of the arrangement 48 are produced.

A further matrix arrangement can also be provided in which the individual switching elements up to one periodic shutdown in the conductive state. Such a matrix arrangement works as a blinker in which each switching element once switched on remains in the conductive state for a certain period of time and then automatically returns to the non-conductive state. The matrix arrangement is then used for this procedure designed so that these a plurality of capacitors, each of which has a corresponding switching element is connected, contains.

6 shows a matrix arrangement 58 of such a type. Here, too, the parts of the matrix 58 which correspond to those of the matrix arrangement 10 of FIGS. 1 to 4 are shown with ^; The matrix element 58 is identical to the matrix arrangement 10, with the exception of a point 60 which, in each multilayer unit, consists of a material that replaces the ohmic pill 38 of FIG. The material of the point 60 is of the kind that corresponds, for example, to barium titanate, in that it has a high dielectric constant and a low electrical conductivity and thus a lossy capacitor between the semiconductor point, 26 and the conductive one

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Layer 40 represents. When creating switch-on signals at the same time to strips 22 and 24 of a particular element during operation of the matrix element 58 this becomes conductive, switches on its corresponding light-emitting element 30 and charges the capacitor, formed by the corresponding dielectric point 60. With the charging of the capacitor the current in the switching element falls below a value that maintains the conductive state, and the switching ™ element then returns to its non-conductive state, with the capacitor spreading through the material of the Point 60 discharges and is ready for another switching cycle.

Pig, 7 and 8 show sections through two adjacent multilayer units of a matrix arrangement 62 in which a capacitor for each unit replaces the ohmic layer 36 of the matrix arrangement 10 of the Pig. 1 to 4 is formed by a conductive A connection layer 64 and a dielectric layer 66. As can be seen more easily from Pig, FIG. 8, the conductive connection layer 64 consists of a number of points 68 of conductive material which are arranged in the same pattern as the points 26 of the position 15 and are congruent therewith * Each conductive point 68 is of an area of ohmic material 70, and in the remaining free trees between the empty edges of the areas of ohmic material. 70 see a common leading

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Material 72. Each point 68 is thus connected to the common conductor 72 via a resistor which is formed by its corresponding area of ohmic material. The dielectric layer 66 in turn consists of a number of points 74 of dielectric material, which are arranged in the same pattern and congruent as the points 68 of conductive material. The spaces between the points 7k made of dielectric material are filled with electrically insulating material 20 in order to insulate them from one another.

For operating the matrix arrangement 62 according to FIGS. 7 and 8 are the common conductor 72 of the conductive connection layer 64 with one pole of a voltage source 76 and her other Pole connected to the transparent, conductive layer 32. The transparent conductive layer 32 is like that Connection layer 40 grounded. Therefore, if a particular multilayer unit of the matrix arrangement 62 is in non-conductive State is located, the corresponding associated, of a dielectric point 74, the conductive point 68 and the conductive connection schioht 64 formed capacitor charged. With the simultaneous application of trigger signals to the strips 22 and 24 of this particular multilayer unit, this becomes conductive and removes its associated Capacitor the charge. The conductive state remains until the capacitor discharges to a Hegel value, the one to maintain conductivity is not

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more is enough. After that, the multi-layer unit returns in returns to its non-conductive state and it charges the capacitor for a new duty cycle.

Patent claims:

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Claims (20)

18U003 claims: 1. Solid-state matrix arrangement for display and on zeienung-szweclce, characterized in that the matrix (10) has a number of multi-layer units which are used as basic switching elements and are arranged in columns next to each other, consisting of at least four layers (12, 13, 1'i , ± 3) are formed from semiconductor material with alternating doping, of which the lower layer (12) consists of a multiplicity of individual points or pills (16) of one type of doping arranged in rows and columns, the next layer (13) from a multiplicity of over the rows of pills (16) extending individual strips (22) of semiconductor material of the other, opposite doping type, the subsequent layer (14) of a plurality of strips (24) of semiconductor material extending over the columns of pills (16) a type of doping and the upper layer (15) from a plurality of points or pills (26) made of semiconductor material with again the and er of the opposite 'doping type to that of the pills (i6) of the lower layer (12), but which are arranged in the same pattern as this, so that each of the pills (26) of the upper layer (15) over the corresponding pill (i6) of the lower layer (l2), exist. 909834 / 100B 18U003 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that immediately above the layer (15) a layer (36) of ohraschem Material is provided which is made up of a plurality of individual pieces and in the same pattern as the pills (26) of the location (15) arranged and above these pills or points (3ö) consists. 3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that immediately above the ohmic layer (3t>) a layer (40) made of conductive material is provided, which connects the surfaces of all points (38) of the ohin's layer (36) * 4. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that immediately below the layer (12) a light-emitting layer (28) is provided, which consists of a plurality of im consists of the same pattern as the points of the base arranged with them congruent individual elements (30), each of which emits a visible radiation when this and the point (l6) above the layer (12) of electrical current is flowing through it. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that each element (30) of the layer (28) consists of semiconductor material and with a corresponding point (16) of the layer (12) forms a light emitting diode. 909834/1006 is 18H003 6. Arrangement according to claim k, characterized in that a transparent layer (32) made of electrically conductive material is provided immediately below the light-emitting L; u; e (.2 '->). 7 «Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that A multiplicity of individual capacitor-forming layers is provided over the layer (15), one connection of each capacitor is electrically connected to the respective point (2 (5) of the layer (15) and the other Connection to a common conductor for all corresponding capacitor connections. 8. The arrangement according to claim 7 »characterized in that the layer forming the multiplicity of capacitors has a dielectric located directly above the layer (15) which consists of a multiplicity of individual points (bO) with a high dielectric constant, which points are the same Pattern How the points (26) of the upper layer (15) are arranged and lie over them, and that a conductive layer (40) connecting the surfaces of all points (6θ) made of dielectric material is provided over the dielectric layer. 9. Arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the layer forming a plurality of individual capacitors has a directly over: ffer upper layer (15) of the 909834/1006 ¹¹ ■ ■■■■; ' i - ';; :: - !!!; ι: ϋ; ιιιΐ! ϋ |.!>ιπ; · -ιΐ |!; ^! |! ΐ! ΐι; ^>! ΐ:;! ΐ'-ι- ': _iq _ 18U003 four layers of lead-in material (64), utul over this a layer (66) of dielectric Material has that the connection layer (64) ordered from a multitude of conductive points (6b), which are arranged in the same pattern as the points (2ϋ) of the upper la _: re (15) and lie on its surface so that the connection (64) still has a common conductor ( 7 ^), which is connected to each of the conductive points (6 ^>) via resistive material (70), so that the φ dielectric layer (66) has a large number of individual points (7'0 made of material with a high dielectric constant, which are arranged in a pattern similar to the conductive points (^ b) and individually above them, and that a layer (ΊΟ) of conductive material above the layer of dielectric material electrically connects the surfaces of all points (74) with a high dielectric constant . 10. The arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a layer * (36) of i / resistance material over the layer (15) of a plurality of individual, in the same pattern as the points (26) of the layer (15) and arranged congruently with these Points (3B), further by a layer (40) of conductive material above that connects the surfaces of all points (3 '"O of resistive material) and by a light emitting layer (28) immediately below the lower layer (12) of a plurality individual, in the same pattern as the points of the layer (12) and with these 909034/1006 congruently arranged elements (30), each of which light sends out when it and the corresponding point (l6) of the layer (12) have current flowing through them, as well as through a transparent one Sohioht (38) made of conductive material below the light-emitting layer (28), 11. Solid-state matrix arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by an exit or image area (3 * 0 »which is divided into a large number of individual points which are regularly arranged in one direction in rows and in another direction in columns, and characterized in that the matrix arrangement is made up of a large number of semiconductor switching elements, each of which is exclusively electrically connected to a corresponding point, and each of these semiconductor switching elements consists of four alternating p- and η-doped semiconductor layers (16, 22, 2k, 26 ) are constructed, of which the second layer (22) and third layer (24) are between the first layer (16) and the fourth layer (26) and all the second layers (22) of the switching elements, which form a row of dots, as well all third layers (2k) of the switching elements that belong to point columns have a common electrical connection. 12. The arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that each point is represented by a surface of a light emitting element (30) which is electrically connected to a connected to this corresponding semiconductor switching element 909834/1006 ₂₁ _ 18U003 and if there is a flow, one of the assigned semiconductor ground Switching element supplied current emits visible light. 13. Arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that each of the points by a surface of the layer (l6) and the layer (22) of its associated semiconductor switching element is formed. 14. Imaging device in the form of a compact matrix arrangement, characterized by a light exit or imaging surface, which is divided into a large number of individual Points is divided regularly in one direction in rows and in another direction in columns are and characterized in that the matrix arrangement consists of a plurality of semiconductor switching elements is constructed, each of which is electrically connected exclusively to a point assigned to it, and each semiconductor switching element has a layer (22) and a layer (24) of semiconductor material to which at the same time Trigger signals must be applied in order to switch this from the non-conductive to the conductive state, and the second (22) with rows of dots and the third (24) with Point columns of matching positions of the switching element each have a common connection. 15 · Arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that 9 09834/1006 ₂₂ "18U003 each of the points by a surface of a light emitting element (30) electrically connected to a corresponding one Semiconductor switching element is connected and, when there is a flow through, one supplied by the semiconductor switching element Sends out current visible light, is formed, l6. Arrangement according to claim lk _t characterized in that jder of dots is formed by a surface of the layer (22) and the position (2h) of its associated therewith semiconductor Sohaltelementes. 20 51h - Bä / kn 909834/1006 ■ 'ii' Blank page