DE1872889U - SCREW MACHINE. - Google Patents

Description

Among the known screw machines with two or more Schneeken rotating in the same direction, see those in which the thread flanks of a screw are wholly or almost touched by the thread crest of a screw engaging in it along a helical line and vice versa, so that the two son corners meet one another In the plane cut, the thread flanks of the worms appear from the outer Sohneok diameter to the worm core as concave curves and the thread crest on the outer diameter of the worm as a point in which the two concave ß-thread flank curves appear meet, or as an axially

SP-Br. P.-tts 28,3,1965; -2 ~

parallel serade through which the axis has an end point "Both wind flank curves are connected to one another. The ßewindekamm points in these known snail machines sharp edges »resulting in some chopped pieces has' one of which is that in this one Wise built snails along the SehneekenkäißEie helical line of contact at awkward angles meet the thread flanks, so that the mutual For many fabrics, combing out the snails is only possible with very precise adaptation of the oeewindekäfflinen and 8-tapered flanks is guaranteed. In practice, however, there is a certain slight play between the Gev / indekäsimen of the one and the other the thread flanks of the other worm inevitable.

The subject of the present invention is a snail machine sjumj? ^^.

Heating or drying of plastic or other substances »which, through a new form of the tendon thread, overcomes the disadvantage described above and brings other advantages. The worm sewing machine, like some previously known worm sewing machines, has at least two intermeshing worms, a housing that is at least partially close to them, and inlet and outlet openings in the housing, two or more worms being connected to rotate in the same direction and the sewing comb 3eder Screw from the thread

bold> 195 SP-Br. P »~ ua 28» 3 «.39ö5r -3-

flanks of the engaging snail goose or almost touched will- As has been found, such tendons turn out to be okeasa machines de.r above known type surprisingly as able to work and, moreover, compared to the previously known screw machines as more advantageous in which the Sehneekengewinde a convex Sewindekamsi and forms concave thread flanks »so that in the plane cut · the thread kainm as at least one convex curved Kasaakurve appears and the thread flanks as concave curved » at the transition to the ridge curve, "flank curves appear" tangential to it and in which this occurs at; every Snail between the transition points of öewindekasan and Thread flank profile lying on the thread flanks of adjacent worm gears is designed so that it is from the Sewindekamm intervening snail along a tree curve * on the engaging thread comb between the left and right transition point of the thread comb in the sewing flanks of one moves to the other "touched or almost touched" so that with each revolution of the snail the entire surface of all snails is swept once by a neighboring snail »

In Figs. 1 to 5, some embodiments are shown, of which Fig. 1 with a symmetrical »Figs. 2 and 3 with an asymmetrical Karam curve, Figs. 4 and 5 show the arrangement of two groups;

SP-Br. Ρ, -us 28.5 *

Fenden Sehneeken in front view, side view and looks up. 2 are also used to further explain the invention Figs. 6 to 19 Fig. 6 2 inclines in the hematic bar position ax the profile of a thread in the plane cut symmetrical crest. Fig. 7 shows a schematic}! in axial View the course of the contact © line with an intervening equally shaped snail. Figures 8 and 9 explain the mathematical relationships * those between the Dimensions of two engaging snails with a symmetrical Kammlrarve prevail. Fig. 10 explains the relationship the thread flank curve on a coordinate system x »y» Fig. 11 to 14 explain the mathematical relationships for the simplest case of a circular Saaakarve Fig. 15 shows a section through the snails near AWk in any plane perpendicular to the axis. Figures 16 and 17 show the same for the left and right flanks the G-turns of the tendon according to Fig. 3, and Fig. 18 · and 19 are the corresponding cross-sections for the screw according to Fig.2.

In the following description of the invention ¥ iird reference is made to these figures.

In the screw machines according to the invention, the screw threads form an oewindekaasm IC and Sehnectkenf! Anchor P. According to the invention, the Grev; isdekaima K is convex, while the Sehneckejifflanken F, as in

SP-Br. £ -ίιβ 28.3 * 19631 -5-

ckenmasehinen the previously known son, are concave limited · Her Sohneekenkamm K can be in the oh & parallel port as a unit Liehe steadily "svrametrisolie or asymmetrical convex curve appear, but Br can see as two convex" curves composed represent "χααΛ this, the two Curves merge tangentially at the furthest point or meet at an angle of a more or less pronounced ridge »The tendon crest can also be located entirely on one side of the worm thread» so that the other side is limited only by a concave thread flank »

In the case of the tendon machines, more than two snails interlock and calibrate each other comb out. You can continue to use single or multi-thread tendons his "It is also possible" that the snails Ms to the center line of one or more than one of the interlocking Snails or even over the center line intervene * In these cases, the snail, which is so deeply intervened, is seedless »that is it then only becomes from the v / end-shaped öe? / inde educated·

With ä & n profiles according to the invention it is also possible "self-cleaning corotating Sehn corners ^ build aare 25U in which the outer diameter of adjacent Sohneekenwellen are different from each other. In general

Sm .195 SP-Dr.P.-us i8,3i1

my case here are the gradients and the speeds neighboring tastes be the same »what a different ■ Circumferential speed of one screw compared to the other zur J? olge has «This turns the fabric over the snail package around substantially inhibited and a good one Forced conveying, for example for a metering screw ».» achieved. But there are also pairs of snails with different ones Outside diameters possible »where the Circumferential speeds of both screws are the same? for example, the small snail can be catchy and half the outside diameter of the large snail have »while this is double-threaded, has twice as great a slope as the small tendon and half that Speed of the small screw revolves. In the case of a pair of screws, with the same pitch, the intermeshing Snails for one snail aadere Kaxam curve "can be specified as for the neighboring Screw · Compression tendons can also be built with the profiles according to the invention in this way With a constant slope and parallel axes, the outer diameter in the conveying direction is smaller and the Kera ~ diameter and the axial width of the ridge curves is constant get bigger »so that the volume is in the conveying direction Terringert and the au processing material compressed. Also with the self-appearing profiles according to the invention Compressing snow so possible »that

Sm, 195 SP-Br.P.-us 28 * 5.59.63 :, -7-

the Seimeeken pairs have the same outer diameter all over Length have »the pitch and the axial width of the See camo curve, but steadily decrease in direction of the wheel "

With almost complete sealing between two adjacent engaged screws, a gap of constant width can be achieved with the profiles according to the invention * in a "known manner" between the oewindekamia of a screw and the thread flanks of the engaging screw "Advantage of the profiles according to the invention with a convexly curved Kajam curve" is that, by appropriate coordination of the main tendon sizes, the external diameter, pitch and number of times, the comb shape at the gap of the left and right Gfewlndefflanke can create approximately the same nozzle-shaped gap inlet conditions (e.g. be uniform. B. Fig. 2 at O ₁ and © g) "viodurch necessary for plasticizing seer force effects Hbenso is a better fit to the rheologlschen properties to achieve material to be processed * than was possible with the previously known Selbstausachälprofilen.

If you use two or more waves in the same Rotation sense running sonic machines, in which, For example, the threads themselves are hollow and thus a helical channel for continuous heating or cooling medium, as

Sm 1-Q5 SP-Dr. P.-us 28.5.1963. -S

Heat exchangers for heating, drying or cooling tob materials »then the effectiveness is the better»; the less you see of the substance to be treated on the heated or cooled thread flanks and on the possibly also heated or cooled housing wall. For larger ones. Machines "especially with those of a welded design, a more or less large technical play between the worms and the housing as well as between the thread flanks and the engaging thread crests" cannot be avoided Substance, on the planks and over the housing wall, i.e. on the entire heat exchange surface, with the previously known screw profiles, a layer of material that hesaaende the heat transfer is created Adhesion of the substance to the heat exchange surfaces due to the impact of a shear force on the layers of the substance close to the walls can largely be avoided by a suitable choice of the tendon crest profile. These favorable conditions are met to a high degree in the self-peeling profiles according to the invention, since at all gap locations both between the thread ridges and the housing and along the gap lines between the sewing flanks and the engaging rewinding ridges

k SP-Dr. P.-us 28.3.1963, _

Adjacent screw nozzle-like constrictions, ζ. Β _ο ej, eg and e ^ in Fig. 2, in which, depending on the curvature of the Eammkurve, more or less starice local material compressions occur during the course of the Sehneekenraas chine to be treated and so with each revolution of the screw the entire heat exchange surface of the G-ehiäusev / ancL and the thread flanks are largely cleaned, so that a good, constant heat transfer is guaranteed »

To increase the convective part of the heat exchange In many cases it is advantageous to arrange multi-shaft Schnecteenapparate in such a way that s \? egg or more groups of interlocking co-rotating, equipped with the self-cleaning profiles according to the invention Snails in parallel planes on opposite directions Rotate are brought, with the outer circles of the neighboring screw groups tangent or almost tangent. In this way there is a constant rearrangement and mixing of the substance to be treated and so on gentle temperature treatment achieved.

One possible embodiment is shown in Fig. 4. In this case there are two groups of each one co-rotating Schneeken with the associated brewing devices shown, each with a group with left-handed and a group with right-handed. Thread is executed.

Sqm. 1 gg.

SP-Dr.P.-us

With the appropriate choice of Saima curves, the profiles according to the invention can also be used to pair peeling screws "in which the adjacent screws in engagement have different outer diameters, for example a device can be built in which volatile constituents are continuously expelled from a material thermally should »then there must be a sufficiently large vapor opening above the screw groups for the vapors to be drawn off. In this case, an arrangement can be selected in which z / one or more groups within their group of "self-cleaning screws" running in the same direction are assigned to one another in parallel planes the bottom, and being relatable to the co-rotating in snails groups gegensinnigem turning · in this arrangement takes a thorough Burchiaischung of to the substance to be treated, so that all fabric parts opportunity bekoiamen to deliver steam, and then fed again by the opposing lower pair of screws v / earth. A possible design ax a total of four augers is shown in Fig. 5 in three views with the associated directions of rotation. If, in the machine shown in Fig., The smaller screws are brought closer to one another »so that the axial planes of the two groups

Gm _r xq £ SP-Dr.P.-us'3/28/1963> -11-

gripping tendons form an angle that is open at the bottom » this results in scimeckeii machines of good performance s cliungswirlcuag.

The Seimec & enapparate described can be used on different parts are produced »for example Both the housing and the Sohne corner thread can be used Either manufactured in a welded or cast design or formed from the roller » and different designs can also be combined in one apparatus.

at the; 195 SP-Dr.P.-us 2β _ο , ^ ΐ963 -12-

To determine the shape of the concave legs of the au Schneckengewina.es on v / iron must if a. given ridge profile "If you want to use it, you usually proceed like this, as in the following on the basis of a general mathematical derivation the conditions that apply for this and is explained in more detail using a practical example.

For an interlocking snails « pair of the same outside diameter knives the following dimensions, the are referred to in this application as the main dimensions of the tendons, be given:

the outside diameter B

the pitch of the screw flights h and the number of flights of the screw z,

Furthermore, the comb curve k should be given. To be determined what then remains is the center distance of the two worms from one another and the shape of the thread flanks.

It is assumed that the seimeckenkaram in the axial-plane section is given by any curved symmetrical curve _s, for example a circle, ellipse or the like. The transition points between these two curve sections are marked with w or «, if a distinction is made between right and left, with w baw. w-, and their radial distance from the screw axis with r. With s- the half axial comb-

SP-Dr. P.-us 28.3 »3,963 ~

width denoted at r. A simple geometrical consideration shows that the "turning points" w simultaneously the points of contact of the intermeshing screws which, in axial projection, form the largest possible center angle " (Fig.2). Section 6 and 7 then becomes the one in axial projection apparent center angle that exists between w and w ^, read to;

The value s- is dependent on the Schneeken main dimensions mentioned at the beginning and the ridge curve k, so s * can generally be written as a function of h, D _t ζ and k?

You 2

The following applies:

Gl-. 3

From Fig. 8 one can read off the center distance a of neighboring tendon corners:

Gl. 4th

For a given screw, the value r is the main dimensions and specifications the ridge curve k clearly determined geometrically, namely the following applies in general:

Gl. 5

The center distance a can thus be expressed by

6-1 _o 6 Per Keratorcluaesser is ä

In addition, it is pointed out here that, from the Sri 1, 4 UBd .7 zn. is to recognize that interlocking- _? self-cleaning © pairs of tendons are possible that have no nucleus, but instead overlap at the middle of the mouth or further. From the considerations set out below it can be deduced that in the case of intervening snails there are different things from one another. Diameter cases are also possible "in which only one of the snails is seedless",

Me atodiclitende haumlcurve is ^{v of} course 'a common', common line of the sewing flanks. of a snail and the engaging thread kaiames of the neighboring tendon, on a öewindekaram wand-era "bsi curved -Kaima curve the A'bdichtuiigakurve te correcting points of contact according to Fig. I ₉ " starting at $ λ = 0 (point w) ₉ with increasing Cfc and thus with increasing radius vector r * "up to the culmination point at tfi ^β 2 ^ ¹ ^ ^r 1 ^Ä " Έ ^{9 1} ^ ^ ^mm - ^iBi range Ton ^ ~ | T- ^ i ^s (f & j "at decreasingeiideia ■ Radius vector aliüa point of contact w

on the rear side of the lamb, see below. {ψ- ^) i * a range TOn ^ ₁ * O and ψ = f ± st again depending on the main dimensions of the tendon 3) _v h ₉ -z and the Kaamilrarve k ₉ it can therefore be written %

From Fig. 8 and 9 it can then be read off *

_S1 . ₉

If, as shown in Fig. 10, there is a coordinate system in the plane section with the zero point in w, then one obtains the determining equations for the carving of the canal at w

GH. 11th

Herein "A (^ f ₁ , B, &, a, k) takes into account the axial migration of the points of contact on the lamsi curve τοη w to w". From Fig. 8 and 9 one can read:

GHU 12 lind from the obliquely angled triangle (Fig. 9);

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i further obmx named, Xn-äen AWb * 1 feiö 5 · '' Scftneefcenpaare siiiä near vorstelieaäea mat3a.ema table Zusaraaejaihäiagen ereetoet »Äui d © n Ai>" b. 1 Ms 3 sinä each Sölmee & enpaar © özeietosiet

are la 4en aeiLSMsfoe & eB. Solmitten Erkeaajsiiar · AbIa * 15 is «im Seiuaitt durck 'äi © Soimee & e Baeii AIjIs * 1 in Ifeeae perpendicular to. Axis shown * Si && x liÄea \ md ^ eehtea side of a

ganges BiMa, Mer because of the symmetry of the <j $ wiaäetesüaea gleiöli * In olea Aläb * 16 Ms 19 sliicL the Teraehneiiimgeii Äer each left imü. Right sides € er Tinspametrisoaeii courses 4er Sßßneekeii after Abfe »2 and 3 in one,!" bene ztir Sciiaeokenaciise shown, is valid AIaIs * 16 \ md for the SoJmeeke near Afel> »2 imd AlJb. 18 and 19 ftär the n & oh fig 3 * Lan sees from this mild "as already described above that the profiles according to the invention are completely sandier than in the case of the previously known output profile, in which the curve of the sleeve in its intersection perpendicular to the axis as an i . ^ n EeimdurG tangent Ia? eis »., with the Aohsabatand ^ as" Kadius *

Claims (8)

P.A.216 762 * 3/30/63 1, Seimedtee ^ fflasüliiKe with at least two interlocking fenden Sehneij & eitj: a teas partially tight-fitting on these few housing i * nd inputs wa.ü Anslaßö'ffmangen in Sehäuse, wherein two or more screws on gleichsinnigem Brehen together TerkHaclen & £ a & nnä dex ÖewindekamsE $ £ # &: £ · Seimeeke from the efewimdeflaakem the eiagrei tvxiaen B & lmeeke at least near-, Iseruiirt is ctadureii g & KMX & z & tehzi & i "$ that the Eeftüeelcengewinde a OkaiiTexen (lewind ^ aam (e) ¹ UKD konkaT © ^ ewind © - flsmkm, Cf) - Feilden so that iia aonseffeeneB Sohnitt the thread » (K) as weaigsti © 3as eis® 3εοη ^ χ krüsaite KaHaaictiaiir ^ tuad the eevvinde flanks ale feoniEav ge2crüiB »te, t» eia ^ ₁ . ^ n ^ w,} in the $ Kaaaatorire tangentially in this incoming MaÄentenren erselieinsn _s and that the "at each Senneoke gwiscnen the transition points (w_" and W ₁ ) iron jcamwi (K) ynd & ewindeflanfcen (?) closely lying sewindeflank profile is so atisge »That there is a (K) the intervening Söianaeke along the bucket of Kataia- f on the © ingreifenden © ewindelcamm zwis ^ iien the left (w ·) and re & nth (w) via-gangBstell © the © ewindekamm © immigrated to the irewindeflanlcen zut from another, _r% erü3art or almost touches so that when $ && ®τ Fiadrehwng the Seimeoteen the entire surface of all sweetnesses will be sprinkled with one another in a similar way » Sm 195 SP-Dr.P.-us May 28, 1963 -19- 2. Screw machine according to claim 1, characterized in that »that at least two mutually engaging screws have different outer diameters own. 3. Screw machine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by at least one coreless screw, in which a neighboring snail engages up to the middle of the tendon or further. 4. Screw machine according to claim 1 to 3 _9, characterized in that the threads of at least one screw are hollow and form a helical through-channel for heating or cooling means. 5. Son corner machine according to claim 1 to 4 » characterized in that the outside diameter of at least two engaging screws in or become steadily smaller against the conveying direction and that the width of their thread crest increases with decreasing screw diameter. 6. Screw machine according to claim 1 to 5- » characterized in that the pitch and the width of the G-thread comb of at least two engaged Screws, with constant outer diameter of these screws, in or against the direction of conveyance steadily get smaller. Gm 195 SP-Dr.P.-us March 28, 1963 -20- 7 · Screw machine according to claim 1 to characterized in that at least two groups of at least awei intermeshing co-rotating screws connected to each other to rotate in opposite directions and the axial planes of the son corner groups are mutually exclusive are assigned in parallel. 8. screw machine according to claim 2 "to 6, characterized in that at least two groups of at least g; white intermeshing co-rotating screws are connected to each other to rotate in opposite directions and the axial planes of the tendon groups with each other one downwards Include open legs. ICALLE AKTIBIfGESELLSOHAPT