DE1774924C - Character generator for displaying characters on the screen of a cathode ray tube. Elimination from: 1524512 - Google Patents

Description

5 6

The increasing number of characters to be displayed can be kept low with the help of the ^B "~ coming from the character generator 12. Digital signals, the intensity of the cathode ray £ [ ^a

According to the invention, this object is achieved by changing the character while the character is being written in that the input lines are connected to the 2 η output lines. From the electrostatic control unit 14 l ^pt registers a converter with two groups of output lines 5, the electrostatic plates of the tube are influenced, lines are connected from which there is a corresponding flow. The magnetic deflection coils and the electro- ~ ^e the current content of the input register in static deflection plates are operated in counter-cycle j each group can only be energized one output line. ^we

and that the diode networks in rows and columns. 2 is a block diagram of the input and output ports

Connected to one another in the form of a matrix are the output unit 4, which consists of a C register 16 and ^m } and the relevant Z register 18 which generates the digital signals. It forms with the associated diode network through the excitation of the two associated input and output devices and Jf

Kancsleitung of the converter can be selected. the main memory 1 a control unit for the.

Embodiments of the invention are in the character generator; the main memory 1 stores! jf drawing shown and in the following, several signals used for character identification are shown in more detail, b " ⁰⁰ " * "· those from the Z register and the assigned gates in *} ^v

F1 g. 1 is a general block diagram of the selection signals for the rows and columns dir velvet costume making and demonstration system; Diode matrix are implemented. Of these selections- ~

Fig.2 is a block diagram of the input or signals, natural circuits are selected . Output unit of FIG. I; * o generate the signals with the help of which a speck es ~

"F ι g 3 illustrates an eye diagram of the character is composed of the ZeicV> Zekheagmerators of Figure 1;.... Serving identification signals are shipment b f

F i g. 4 shows the Z register, which also stores one of the main memory 1 in η lines each with N you 1-part of the input or output unit of Fig. 2 burst. The C register 16 receives v \ s * ¹ ^ J _ ".., ..., ■." 5 of the keyboard, from the calculating machine and from atm I f

Fig. 5, the mutual position is the l · ig. 5a and main memory data and gives them to the Z-Regis, he I \ 5b, which in detail the matrix of the diode network. The latter takes not only from the C -?> F ^d works, the selection circuits of the rows and columns, registers 16, but also from the main memory α i I? the discharge circuit and a Table 1 show that provides the data to the switch assembly and d- ^r a * relationship of the signals output to the character generator 30 to aufein-. During the I / O cycle, I ^v "the following scanning signals for a special one with which coming from the keyboard or calculating machine!" Coding circuit equipped with diodes reproduces; Information itn C register temporarily gespef- I ^l

Fig. 6 zags the Zachen Q, which is transferred from the in the Ta- chert and to the Z register 18 and from there to the main '! ί

* ■ ■ ⁸ 5 ⁿ > 5Sf ^ "STfSrtF ^ Ji _L memory transferred. During the write cycle!

c. ii ^for Lf? ! "ÜL ^^ i ^ T dekteostatischen 35 are located in the main memory, the infor- ί ^(blasting and to Intenatatssteueranhat F1 g 1;. Mation to the Z register and from there to Zeichei- I '

F i g. 8, the character Q ₃ shows that. transmitted to the signal generator. J

can be composed by one in In F i g. 3 is a block diagram of the character!

Fijβ. The diode network shown in FIG. 5 is generated, the generator 12 is shown. Its diode matrix 30 is off! and the relationship of y ^^^ mJ, ^ r "of a running 40 emzehie characters composing circuits in i * 8 aufeebaut ^ΒΓ plurality of rows and columns. by dram ie i

* ^{signaIe bb} S ^^^ iS ^ l *

represent statically distracting x and ^ coordinate circuits. Furthermore, each circuit has several of the intcnatätsstcucrschaltimg shown in FIG. 7 as several input and output lines, one of which is shown in a mock-up; 45 and 45 are connected to one another by a diode.

^ i ^ f ^ ^dd ? ^ ^^^ ^the initiation of every circuit in

te with d thd Eii

T ^ L f ^^ L ^ ? ^ ^^ ^ n each circuit in

X- and r-Acnkschaltung get a column with the corresponding input lines

T ¹ f ^ ^M ? ^erIll ? ^8I ST ^{long turns} ^^ de Stki di S ^

p gelg

ZTv ¹ f ^ _L ^M ? ^he : ^Ill ? ^8I ST ^l _T ^Applied ^. ^ Whose circuits join this column * ^ n SiJl ^ ¹ ^^^^^ Min ^^ teerators similarly are the output ^ dtangen each

AAESr

^or · * »« stimulates both of them so much tax

^ f ^ r ^^^ Z ^ - ^ JT ^ pcht ADe control pendants and to main memory 1 over- - ^ -selection circuit are with all mittdt, from which they during the Scardb cycle in the of the circuits in ^^ S

Control circuits of the ll FhrfS

elected Zdch «. is put together. The from the phase generation Sr36T

2 «chengeneratorl2 -« * «-_ digital signals other ^ e ^ iSöSSKd ^ ifdSaSfSr are from an electrostatic control unit 14 65 input lines a« ° a « 7 · v ^,. ^ Zjm? ^a. recorded and to write the desired StroS ^ fnLX ™ f * » Constructive

Sign on the face of the cathode ray tube SteueSaton ^ £ £? λΊ ^^ Lf ¹ S * "^ used.,« ™ .ntensititsste ^ unit 15 can * ^ Τ ^ Α ^

sin trahls changes since 14 contact

and and ι to- and the abei iale, η in the ahlihlen, read enalb

■ Sri ter

7 8

jS selection sound, if activation signals are picked up in the 8 χ 8 arrangement, the

stamps, which optionally has a special column and line building up the character, at the intersection of which the

Excite circuit to emit signals, which the Dicden circuit is arranged to be selected,

show special characters. Every time the The first three stages 192, 194 and 196 of the Z-Re-

Control unit 6 allows the data from a memory to form 5 registers together with AND gates 254 to

read from the main memory and a total of eight signal combinations, the eight

Transfer the Z register of the input / output unit 4 Specify the columns of the matrix of the character generator,

the three lower bits of the Z register while the three upper levels 198, 200 and 202 are gc-

the ^ -selection circuit 32 of the 2ieichengenerator 12 together with AND gate in 270 to 284 the correct one

while the three upper bits for selection select io row of the matrix. The way in which

circuit 34 arrive. From a control circuit to the lower and upper three stages with the AND gates

these two selection circuits are connected to one of the numbers 254 to 268 or 270 to 284,

A composite matrix on a connection is an aid from which the binary-coded

place the selected column and row selected. From the data to be converted into signals that contain the decimal

Phase generator 36 will then represent a series of sampling digits 0 to 7. Thus, a line from 0 to

pulse generated, which successively all input lines 7 and a column 0 to 7 are selected at the same time,

of the selected matrix, so that a discharge of AND gates 208, 218 and 224 are the

circuit 35 via line 31 a group of binary data only during the write cycle from

Datenpuk-n derives, which is passed in a register of the eleven ktro main memory to the converter because

static control unit 14 (Fig. 1) are stored, ao the command signals for transmission from the C register,

The data in this register is then electronically transferred from the main memory and from the switches to the Z-Re-

statically the beam in the X and! 'directions and register can only occur during the write cycle.

affect the beam intensity. nen.

In Fig. FIG. 4 shows the Z register 18, which is stored in the input / output unit 4, the Z register 18 which is separated from the stages 192 to 202 of the Z register. It contains six «5 given signals are also passed via flip-flop stages 192, 194, 196, 198, 200 and 202. Since AND gate 238 to 248 in the main memory, if the stages are identical, only the Stage 192 in a line 250 a signal for the transmission of the explained in detail. As already mentioned, the Z register contents come to this memory occurs. , _{: ir} , Incoming signals from the C register in the Z register. The signals transferred from the Z register are stored in the main memory and by a special switch, so not only to select the desired character arrangement. The signals coming from the C-register are used in the matrix of the character generator, each via a line 204a to 204 / to which can also be brought up to the stages 192 to 202 when the desired signal is supplied until in these lines and a switching signal that the over- 248 are fed into the main memory. If a transmission from the C register to the Z register indicates a pulse appears in a line 252, all stages of a line 206 will appear, an AND element 208 of the Z register delivers a cleared signal via an OR element 210 The stage 212 sets the eight column diodes in the character generator. Since when the control key is depressed, a function is generated with the aid of the AND gates 254 to 268 det bit that the data transmission from the F i g. 4 selected If the stages 192, 194 prevent CP, egister to the Z-register, a switching signal of the line 206 must be transmitted via a line 22, 228 and 230 via an AND element 207 0 signal , gives the AND gate 254 go through. When a signal inhibiting transmission from the C register over line 286 a signal for / 4 selection to the Z register, line 209 disconnects the matrix of the character generator. If the AND gate 20? is supplied, this can not only set the stage 192 and the line 226 output a signal, whereby the data transmission of the 45 1 signal, the AND gate 256 is energized, C- to the Z register is omitted Output signal via a line 288 in which the main memory in a line 214a and the same- ^ -selection circuit 32 arrives, so that the next time the transfer from the main memory to the column is selected. The other AND gates Z-register instructing signal on a line 216 operate in a similar manner, until the AND gate 268 appears, an AND gate 218 generates a signal which 50 indicates by a signal on a line 290 that the OR gate 210 runs to stage 212 and all stages 192, 194 and 196 are set and via which these are set, even if a signal from the external line 226, 228 or 230 delivers a 1-signal. Switch arrangement in a line 220a and the same- To select the line in the matrix of the character generator in time for the transmission of the switches, the three upper stages 198, 200 Z-register commanding signal work in a line 222, 55 and 202 of the Z-register in a similar way. The occurs from an AND gate 224 a signal to the AND gates 270 to 284 generated signals via the OR gate 210 to the stage 212 and the ^ -selection circuit 34 in the matrix of this set. In this way, the supplied by the C-Re-character generator so that the information register, the main memory or the switch mations, the signals emitted in the three upper stages of the Z-Re-arrangement are stored in the stages of the 60 register, the line of the matrix is determined Z- Register saved. ' can be.

As will be recalled, according to FIGS. 5a and 5b, the character consists of a matrix of the character building diode generator 12 from the diode matrix 30, from the -i-Ausin rows and columns, which each reproduce a special character selection circuit 32, the ^ -selection circuit 34 and the. For example, the matrix is made up of eight output circuits 35. The diode matrix 30 (FIG. 5 _a ) rows and eight columns of diode soundings together is set by diode coding circuits 292, 294, 296 and although other types can also be used. 298, of which only four can be seen, in order to simplify the order of a certain one of the sixty-seven diode circuit representation 711. These consist i *., ""

1 77 ^ 924

ίο

eight input lines that come from the /! - selection circuit 32, and eight at right angles ki iron output lines, which are brought from the fi selection circuit 34, the different input lines are connected to specific output lines by one or more diodes. As already mentioned, all input lines of the circuit composing a character in any column are connected to a corresponding input line of all other circuits in the column. Also all output lines of the circuits composing the character of a line are connected to a corresponding output line of all other circuits of the line. As soon as a particular column in the diode matrix 30 is selected by the ^ -selection circuit 32 and a particular row is selected by the 5-selection circuit, the eight input lines of the selected column are energized one after the other, and the signal occurring in these can pass through those diodes connected between the energized line and the lines of the line selected by the ^ selection circuit. Thus, the diodes form an aid that connects certain input lines with certain output lines combined into a group, so that digital signals for changing the intensity of the individual line segments are generated, an additional aid from which the same input lines with predetermined ones are sent to another group assembled output lines are connected to produce digital signals which represent the ^ -coordinate of the ends of the individual line segments, and a third aid, of which the same input lines are connected to predetermined output lines forming a third group, so that digital signals arise which the ^ - Display the coordinates of the ends of the individual line segments. The diode coding circuits 292, 294, 296 and 298 thus have two tasks, namely to reproduce the position of the cathode ray along the X and Y axes and the beam intensity in binary form when this is continued between two positions. As indicated in the diode coding circuit 292 , three lower lines 300, 302 and 304 indicate in binary form the x-coordinate of the cathode ray, in which eight spaces are provided, but of which only five are used. Lines 306, 308 and 310 accordingly define the coordinate of the beam in binary form, in which there are also eight different places for the beam, of which only seven are required. Further lines 312 and 314 indicate the intensity of the beam during the period in which it advances from one place to the next, as determined by the signals appearing in turn on the eight output lines. If there are no diodes, the beam is suppressed and cannot be viewed on the face of the cathode ray tube. If a diode connects line 312 to a line coming from the /! Selection circuit, an intensity unit is displayed. If line 314 is connected to such a line, two intensity units are displayed. If the two lines 312 and 314 are connected to a line from the ^ selection circuit at the same time, three intensity units result. As will be seen later, all characters are generated by a maximum of eight line segments or movements of the beam. Although characters from only eight line segments are unique and legible, this is not a limiting factor for the character generator. In view of the aesthetic shape of the character, more line segments can be used. Instead of the straight line pieces, curved lines can also be formed, if desired. Because of this, the eight. Lines of the Λ selection circuit 32 scanned in sequence. During each scan

ίο becomes a line segment of the character to be generated written on the screen of the cathode ray tube. There are a few pieces of line during the formation of the sign are shorter than others and each piece would have to be made in the same amount of time

some line segments appear lighter than others, if the strail intensity does not change accordingly wini By influencing the rise time of an electrostatic amplifier, all the line pieces are created in same time span. If only a short line

flo piece should appear, therefore only one DioUo is placed between the input line from the Λ selection circuit and the line 312. If, on the other hand, a very long section is to be made, two diodes are connected to the input line, one of which

The one is connected to line 314 and the other is connected to line 312 . A line segment in the middle. Length arises when a diode is placed between the Lc. device 314 and an input line from the /! selection circuit. By having the input

lines of a matrix composing a character are sequentially scanned, η successive groups of digital signals are generated which represent the x, ^ coordinates of η connected line segments which form the character; simultaneously

the intensity of the symbols formed from the η line segments is individually influenced by the digital signals. Since a binary code indicates the beam intensity during the generation of the line segment of a character, the entire character is advantageously

4 »Uniformly Intensity Although the character has a uniform overall intensity, the length of the individual line segments can be different.
Those contained in the A and Ä selection circuits

Control circuits each have several groups of transistors, the number of which corresponds to the number of input or output. Output lines in the column or row corresponds to the collector of the transistors of the /! Selection circuit is on each input line in the

so associated column connected while the base is connected to a common busbar; the number of busbars agrees with the Number of columns or rows match. The binary data are stored in the flip-flops of the Z register

which reflect both a specific column and row. To select the columns and rows, the AND gates 254 to 268, 270 to 284, the number of which corresponds to the number of rows or columns of the circuits composing the characters, are

stable flip-flop stages 192 to 202 and busbars 316 to 330, 364 to 378. When the sampling signals from the phase generator 36 are selectively fed to the emitters of the transistors of the ^ -selection circuit, they effect together with the

° 5 exciting signals from the Z register that the Transistors, the emitter of which is excited, one after the other become conductive and emit signals to the selected input lines, which are connected to the collectors.

1 774

^P 4 924

11 12

are closed. The emitter in the selection - one from the figure; 5 b recognizes that the output via the circuit is connected to an output line in each of the lines 472, 474 and 476 running signals in binary. The number of transistors in the fi-shape form the beam coordinate along the X-axis again, the selection circuit agrees with the number of output signals, while the signals given over the lines 478, 480 and 482 of a circuit S building the symbol, the beam coordinate along the line, with the base forming the input terminal. Display the Y-axis. The signals that occur in lines 484 and 486, the collector of these transistors, indicate the beam intensity in the output circuit 35 in verbal form. If the signals representing the numbers 2 ° and 2 ¹ run one after the other on their terminals via the lines 472 and 474, signals composing characters are received. The ι ο the x coordinate of beam 3; if the line contains over delivery device 35 dm groups bistable 4SQ the numeral 2 ^l reproducing signal given memory, the three groups of binary signals from the is, the x coordinate of the beam 2; if received in the selected diode matrix; If no signal appears from the lines 484 and 486, the digital signals specified in the memory represent the beam intensity 0, and the beam cannot be viewed at its desired x or ^ coordinate of the beam or the movement on the surface of the screen required intensity of the line segment. The will.

The number of these memories in the three groups corresponds to when the next phase of the phase generator 36 in FIG

Number of digital signals that appear on the output lines of line 350 it becomes the emitters of

the selected matrix can be generated: transistors 334 and 488 supplied. Because at the base

Now let the operation of the entire character »0 of transistor 488 be no signal

generator 12 considered. When the flip-flop stages 192, this one does not conduct.

194 and 196 of the Z register via AND gates 254 The transistor 334 conducts, however, since a signal is present at its base to 268 and its output lines 286 to 290; line 490 is connected to its collector, to which a signal for the selection of the column is sent, a signal is sent to d.ese via the busbars 316 to 330 in the »5 diodes 492, 494 and 496 of the coding circuit 296 and /! - selection circuit 32. A via the bus via lines 400, 402 and 410 of transistors 384, 316 incoming signal A ₀ is output based on 386 and 392 of the ^ selection circuitry, where transistors fed to 332-346, thereby guiding this through these transistors . The signals at their collector are emitted when the signals emitted at their emitter run through a line 348 to 362 and a signal appears. The signals brought via the 3 ° 498, 500 or 502 through a diode 504, 506 and 508 lines 348 to 362 are passed through to the base of a transistor 460, 462 or 468, from the phase generator 36 one after the other, beginning with the conductive and a signal via line 348 is fed in at its emitter. At this point in time a line 476, 478 or 484 delivers. That in the Leie; generate the upper stages 198, 200, 202 of the Z-re-direction 476 occurring signal is the binary number 4, i.e. 2 * g, sters 18 signals for line selection, which of the 35 are equivalent, which are four units in the ^ -coordinate Links 270 to 284 indicate busbars 364; the signal in line 478 is to be fed to binary 378 of the selection circuit 34. number 1, i.e. 2 ° equivalent and indicates a unit in the .y-Koordi-Das nate coming via the busbar 364; the signal B ₀ emitted on line 484 reaches the base of transistors 380 to signal a binary one (2 °), i.e. the lowest 394 A signal appears on lines 396 to 412. Now is available. Since the signals of the phase generator se * the signal coming from the phase generator 36 in the line 348 of the 36 in sequence to the lines 348 to 362 of the ^ -selection circuit 32 are supplied, it is sought to the emitter of the two Transistors 332 also include transistors 332 to 346 and which are fed with their and 414. Since lines connected to the base of the Tran- * 5 collectors in turn sistors414 via the busbar 330 does not excite a signal. As a result, the diodes also conduct and the one that comes along does not conduct it. In contrast, the transistors connected to them conducts the fi selection transistor 332, since at its base via the common circuit one after the other when the signal A _{0 also} appears at its base 316, as a result of which there is a signal. The signals sent from these transistors via a line 416 to 50 lower signals run to corresponding transistors diodes 418, 420 and 422 of the coding circuit 296 and the output circuit and show the v and >> - coordinates to diodes 424 and 426 of the coding circuit 292 ge - nate of the cathode ray as well as the radiation intensity is sufficient. Since there is no signal in the busbar 378 in binary form. In Table I the units in occurs, transistors 428 to 442 of the fi selection of the x and y coordinates and the intensity level circuit 34 cannot conduct and therefore interrupt the 55 specified that are obtained when the coding circuit of the Diodes 424 and 426 of the diode coding circuit 296 is selected. If the beam from the x circuit 292. The signal coming from the busbar 364 korn and v coordinate 0 with the specified phases arrives at the base of transistors 380 in sequence to the .v and r coordinates of the through 394 ; the signals carried by transistor 332 of the table (see drawing) and made only visible / 4-selection circuit32 via line 416 to the 6 °, if an intensity level indicated diodes 418, 420 and 422 are carried, run via one, it passes through the shape of a Q (Fig. 6). In a similar line 396, 398 and 406 to the emitter of the transistors Licher way, the diode coding circuit 292 generates 380, 382 and 388, whereby the λ selection circuit outputs digital signals in binary form representing an A via lines 444, 446 and 448 signals . This when all eight input lines go out in sequence through diodes 450, 452 and 454 to the base of an 85 are gated. The coding circuit 294 produces the transistor 456, 458 or 464 of the output circuit 35 signals which represent a B, while those through which are made conductive and via a circuit 298 supplies binary signals representing an R. Line 472, 474 or 480 emit a signal. How To create the character Q, the in the / 4 -aus

13 14

Wahlseha! tung32 leading busbar 316 with heal on the JT axis in binary form. Thus can

the signal A ₀ which goes to the ^ -selection circuit 34 from the three flip-flops 620, 622 and 624 up to seven

Listening busbar 364 with the signal B ₀ energized units are displayed in the ^ coordinate, including ^C

be, vyeiuv the sign.A is to be shown, these must all be set. As already he ^& _r

must ^ also _{mention the} busbar 316 with the 5, the electrostatic baffles work )

signal A ₀ and φβ busbar 378 with one which is the x and ^ coordinate of the cathode ray

signal 2ί _{7 are} excited. To influence the character B, in push-pull. So if those from the

have to spend the busbar 330 with a flip-flop 620 to 624 coming signals a Ϊ

signal Λ ₇ and_ the busbar 378 with the electrostatic deflection amplifier 680,

signal ^ for the coding circuit 294 are excited. "To the other signals of these Flipflpps i _n ^L are

around the dike. To generate R, a further electrostatic deflection amplifier 682 is used for the coding

scnanungzs «the busbar 330 is fed _{by the signal Λ 7.} The one from these two deflection amplifiers

and the busbar 364 is energized by the B _{0 signal.} outgoing signals buy via a line 684 or

The matrix generating the characters is entirely on the 686 to the ^ deflector plates.

JJetneb miVdigital data matched and only from 15 The r-deflection circuits are made in a similar way

components which can be switched on or off, which are controlled by two electrostatic deflection amplifiers 688 and ^Z

operated either in saturation or in the blocking state ar-690; from flip-flops 632 and 634 \

work. There is therefore no need for any adjustments. Preset signals are sent via a line 691 I

to be taken and changing tolerance or 694 to an intensity control unit 696 '

Limits of the constituents do not adversely affect * o which generates three different intensity levels,

nf r _h ^ei H ^WeiS r. “and also brings the intensity to zero. ^g '

the AA ₁ SST ?. ^OF TS ™ ^{transistors in} When the beam hits a certain place of the

peel Sin rf r ⁸ "" I ^M Γ ' ¹ " ^{611 D} ' ° ^den - the tubular screen is to be set, a device must be used

from 8 χ! J extended ^ "f ^» * «ne arrangement that the operator finds the place of the

Zi duid 7?, ^ ^ ?; It also receives » ₅ ray displays. To indicate where the next entry

^ mw $ u £ Z ^^ ^W w ™ ^T - ^T T? ^{0TenindeT for} S ^un 8 or deletion is to be carried out,

stha ton a matrix r, Jff ¹ ™? ^ ⁰ *** ™ ^rd * » ^this " atz created a running figure.,

Selection of an iS? ^ J * ² * "* ¹ ™ ' ^{In the} ™ If the clock pulses Γ14, Γ23 and Γ35 in their to- *

betaSS H authors will also use corresponding lines 678, 720 and 732 will appear

SeLtelS »^ L ^ l ^{e Scha} ' ^tu " ß ^{zur Inte} "- 30 the flip-flop 706 is deleted via an AND element 734,

^ SS ^^ iM! T ^ t ^ye i! ^ T ^ ^{Λ wodurcE ei} " *** ^{over a line} * ^{708 from} ^ ^even

^ lSin ^ ² Sa ⁱ 3S ^ Äiii; ⁱ £ i.-: " ^nd ί? ^a 5 line 710 is terminated. Before

i ^inten »SÄmiiÄLiwiÄLeüSSÄ

connected is. 698, 700 or 702 appear, is indicated by an AND? ^? ^{11111 Glied704 the} flip-flop706 is set, whereby the ⁸ ^ ^{1 id} Li 708 Fhid di

Äii ^,? ^? ^the flip-flop 706 is set, whereby the

sS aufSSt λΪZTv u ^ίΧ ί ^ ^η ^ ^Öhien - ⁸ ^ ^{31 in} line 708 veF disappears so that the eTnzeben L imH% ^{Z. eichen bllde} , ⁿ · ^{that can be led} out of its dwelling place by beam Vr ^ l ^ iif ^ ⁰ TT Γ ^{861681 lSt 40 can md i Sil id} 'Lit 710 l W

andI 624 becomes Z ν ^ Koordtn.f HK? ^ * ²⁰ 'm ² u ™ ^{AND terms 712} < ^7I4 «" ^d 716. When the ray

FeSi "5i! i win η p, ^O ° ^dln i" ^c _n ^{of the Ka} "i" the _S trahls horizontally and vertically to one of the 512 verfügbaien

Ä22 «id 624 S! Γ ^Φ " ?? B ^ cmand the flip places is placed, a signal is generated, du c

ί "der ν ZtT _n Z i · ⁸ - ^ ^SetZtslnd ' ^w " ^ e «ne unit 6 ₅ that the running figure is recorded. This signal

ih! w. η. ^{m 'r} displayed. If in ahn- appears in a line 718 (K i »7) and becomes Tu

ä ^ S? ^ ¹ ^^^ ^dcn UNDGlid 712 ^g 7l4 d ⁸ 7I "S Γ

w. η. , ng 718 (K i 7) and becomes Tu

un ^ e'S ^{!? ^ 11} ^?, ^, ^^ ¹¹ ^^^ "^ ^dcn AND terms 712, ^g 7l4 and ⁸ 7I6 " S Γ den and 624 n.eht gcsc./.t _s , nd. that means two single ODF.R-Cilicdcrn 6J6, 618 led. Every time who

ben the characters "di / iih ^? *? ^c . ^haltu " p. ^{z "m} Scream write a run figure of the beam at the Co-i [Tu ^^ r ^. ^ ^{about. brought the} electrostatic ordinate point χ = 2, y = 3. If the I

the jet ink 35 cycles Γ14. T21 THl and deed in their leinmo απ » 1 '

40 can and a signal reaches the line 710. If I j

of the character generator 12 a signal is present on the line 708, the J

of which three the OR gates 606 and 608 to the K-Abienkvet-

Cathode ray, three more the stronger ones and the OR gate 596 at the A'-deflection j \

and the last two the jet intensifier signals. The OR gates 594, 596 ii. and will thus generate all of the electrical 45 and 598 of the λ 'deflection amplifier

since 14 according to fig. 7 supplied. Signals that correspond to the binary number 010 or the octal number 2

Signals each run over a line equivalent, while the OR gates 606, 608

to an OR gate 594, 596 and 610 of the ^ deflection circuit the binary number 110 or I \

or 598, while the three j 'coordinate signals represent the octal number 3. From the signals of this ^? \

The corresponding flip-flops f

Link 606, 608 and 610, respectively; the two that put in- 620 to 630, causing the cathode ray to *

reproducing signals are brought via lines coordinate point χ = 2, y - 3, f!

and 614 OR gates 616 and 618 to- At this point you don't see a ray because the | !

wrong. The signals from the OR gates 594 to signal in the one leading to the intensity control unit 696

I, 606 to 610, 616 and 618 each run over a line 55 line 710 indicates the intensity zero. As the F i g. 8th

to 676 in ie a 11ΝΓι_Γ: ΐ; <»Λ ait: ι -: - " η _. ·. ··. · ---

1

\ 924

,. ^. $ Bfcnes \ $ fenal «i de / line 718 appears and in

Site Line 720 or 700 the clock pulse Γ23 or Γ32 at the start, the AND gate 712 gives a signal ari di-

^ ÖDER-GIieder 606, 608 and 610 of the / deflection circuit, which produce the binary characters 111, the

, mean seven units in the ^ coordinate. Da = The signal coming in via line 718 and the clock pulse Γ32 in line 700 also enter the AND element 714. 500 nsec after the introduction of the

- f T "11 ~ .. ~ I 1Χ1ΤΛ / Si · j - <λ. ~ B ^"VÜ 1V9MI1, BCIUSL WCIlI

Pulse 713 the AND gate 712 receives the pulse Γ24 io and 694 occur.

Using the special matrix of the character generator 12 to generate.

Every time the cathode ray reaches one end of a line and the beginning of the next line is moved back, its intensity must be suppressed during this period. Hence appears then in a line 735 a signal which is fed to the intensity control unit 696 and the beam clears even if the signal on lines 692 d 64 f

via a line 717 into the AND gate 714, from which a signal via a line 724 the OR gates 594 and 598 of the ^ deflection amplifier and the OR. _{610 of the} K deflection amplifier

The signals emitted are then equivalent to the binary number 101 means five units in the 'axis, while the OR gates 606, 608 and 610 the binary number 111

' guided.

beam

The flip-flop 706 of FIG. 7 causes the beam from the X and Y amplifiers to be returned to the coordinate point χ = 2, y = 3 after the mark is recorded. In Fig. 8 is

«R ^l H ^ rrZVX ^UCI IT ^tK ; ^Ulled l ^rn594 · ⁵⁹⁶ »5 illustrates how the running figure and especially 21ί? £ ™ Ϊ1 l ^ ^a . ^r . ^{k "e} u ^{r," to S} - ⁿ given ^from _de r letter Q generated; the beam is namely

borrowed from its coordinate point χ = 2, y - 3 with the help of the AND gate 712 (Fig. 7) to the point

. - χ - 0, y = 7 shifted. At the same time, a from

au '", J- ^axis means, ao flip-flop 706 incoming pulse via line 710

aaner from the coordinate point, fed to the intensity control unit 696 and prevents coordinate point χ = 5, y = 7 changes that the beam on the end face of the tube is visible time span, the running figure can be opened; at the right time the pulses are over. ^{nd (} ! ^{r L} ? ^do f ⁷ J ^{0 to the} intensity - the lines 678, 720 and 732 the AND element 734 has an signal at which the AS is supplied, whereby the flip-flop 706 is cleared. ..., _T. ^{Am. of the} aND gate ^end 714 henceforth be the signal on the line 718 and ff ι ™ ^P S ■? ^ ^d, P ^{4 move the} clock pulses Γ24 and Γ21 the OR gate r 652 y Mn? TFJ J ^{e UltUng 726 or 728} ^, its output signal via the lines, ns AND element 716, from which a signal via a 658 and 660 in the intensity control unit 696 the ¥ Tf 3? V " I- I ° DER-GI.eder594 and 598 causes 30 writing of the beam. At this point in time the ^ deflection amplifier * arrives, while the OR causes the output from the AND gate 714

Signal that the beam is moving to the coordinate point χ = 5, y = 7. Next, the AND-

,. _{,, IU,. Λ} ___ ", - member 716 generates a signal that the beam in the

ordinate represents; the OR elements of the K-deflection 35 coordinate point brings χ = 5, y = 0. If the amplifiers do not provide a signal, which means that zero units AND gates 712, 714 and 716 do not emit a signal,

the ray occupies the coordinate point λ- = 0, y = 0 , as in FIG. 8 is represented by an arrow 744. During this period of time the beam does not write -4 ° because no signals are fed to the OR gate 652. At the same time, the selected mattix 296 (Fig. 5a), which generates the characters, begins to act on the beam so that it _{records the letter Q - B} -, as is indicated by arrows 746 to 760, and it is also used in conjunction with the signal in FIG is. Line 718 is fed to AND gate 654, which is then shown in FIG. 9 are circuit details of the electrical

outputs a signal through OR gate 652 and lines static deflection amplifiers 680, 682, 688 and 690 658 and 660 into OR gate 616 and 618, respectively. and the intensity control unit 696, the latter setting flip-flops 632 and 634, resulting in blocks in FIG. 7 are shown. As already mentioned, the binary signals 2 ° 5o of the intensity control unit 696 work, the X and K deflection amplifiers work in counter and 2 ¹ and the running figure with maximum intact. The signals that are written over lines 762, 764 and 766 intensity will. If the pulse Γ21 is fed to the deflection amplifier 682 , the AND gate 716 is the beam to the coordinate point complementary to the three signals that move over lines x = 5, -y = 0, it is generated in a similar way to 768 , 770 and 772 are also passed to the ^ deflection amplifier 680 together with the signal in the line 55. Since the amplifiers 680, 682, 688 and 718 are fed to the AND gate 656 , the signal 690 of which works identically, only the amplifier 680 is explained in detail by the OR gate 652 and then by the above. A horizontally deflecting plate described switching mechanism passes through it, whereby the 786 of the cathode ray tube 7 receives its maximum intensity from a Tran-beam. sistor 788 , the line of which is fed by the combination. When the pulse 721 is terminated, the 60 _{nation of the} AND elements 712, 714 and 716 via the lines 768, 770 and 772 , no further clock signals are specified which to its emitter pulse, whereby the OR gates 594, 596, 598, 606. via an amplifier 774, 776 or 778 and one and 610 all cause an O signal! Be brought conse- resistor 780, 782 or 784, which bring the .Y-, and K-deflection amplifier to the size of these resistors take in a ^geo: beam to coordinate point .r = 0; metric> = 0. In this 65 Row down, namely / ?, 0, 5Λ. Time the beam has no intensity, because the OR- _n _, _D I _D. ... ... «,, · wst / indc

Element 652 does not emit a signal. 500 nsec after this ° ^{'25 R} ' · 2 »■ ^R · ^won " ^{the all number of the Wldcistii} " ^dC

Links of the K-deflection amplifier are not connected. The signal emitted by the A 'deflection amplifier is the binary number! 101, the five units in dei x-co-

in the ^ -axis. The beam is guided from the coordinate point χ = 5, y = 7 to the coordinate point χ = 5, y - 0 and the running figure is recorded in the above manner.

When moving from the coordinate point χ = 2, y = 3 to the coordinate point χ = 0, y = 7, the beam has an intensity of zero. When the pulse Γ24 brings the beam to the coordinate point χ = 5, ν = 7

In time, the eight phases of the sign begin with

in a group means. Depending on it.

209636/249

τ

Whichever line or combination of lines is energized, the current applied to the emitter of transistor 788 takes one of eight values. The electrostatic. ^ Deflection amplifiers can thus adjust the beam to one of seven places along the .Y-axis. Similarly, Y deflection amplifiers 688 and 690 direct the cathode ray to one of seven places along the Y axis.

So that the intensity of each line segment of a character can be changed, this segment must be independent of its during the same period of time Length to be written. If it has a maximum length, the intensity must be maximum, while the lowest intensity is used for a short piece. For this purpose, the .Amplifiers 774,776 and 778 of deflection amplifier 680 and provide the other amplifiers in deflection amplifiers 682, 688 and 690 with a switch that controls them switches from blocking to saturation or vice versa within the same period of time. For this Capacitors 773, 775 and 777 can convert any amplifier into a Miller integrator. This eliminates all non-linearities, for example a component change, eliminated, since for each line segment 0.5 psec regardless of its length in Can be claimed. This also avoids light-colored hedges at the end of the line segment.

In FIG. 10, solid lines show the waveform of the x and ^ coordinate voltages without the use of the Miller integrator, and dashed lines show the signals when Miller integrators are present. Regardless of whether many or a few voltage units are required, the integrated voltage must reach the amplitude of the desired unit in the same period of time.

The intensity control unit 696 is also shown in detail in FIG. 9 reproduced; it ensures that all line segments of the characters generated have almost the same intensity. In addition, it brings the beam to zero intensity every time it is at its resting place, namely at point χ = 2, y = 3, or from the end of one line to the beginning of the other, i.e. during the return movement will. As mentioned earlier, the intensity control flip-flops 632 and 634 (FIG. 7) generate signals that produce three different levels of intensity. These are fed to the bases of transistors 792, 794 and 796 in various combinations. Although the latter are normally non-conductive due to the bias voltage applied to their base, the signal coming from the flip-flop 632 or 634 overcomes the bias voltage and brings one of the three transistors into the conductive state. If flip-flop 632 is set and flip-flop 634 is not set, a signal appears in lines 692a and 6946 which is fed to a base 804 of transistor 792 via a diode 798 and 800, respectively, and a resistor 802. Before the bias at base 804 can be overcome and transistor 792 can be switched to its conduction state, signals are fed to the two lines 692a and 694Λ. Transistors 794 and 7% operate in a similar manner. When intensity control flip-flop 632 is cleared and flip-flop 634 is set, signals appear on lines 692b and 694a. These two lines are only connected to the base of transistor 794 and bring it into the conductive state, if the two Intensity control flip-flops 632 and .534 are set, Similarly, the signals only across lines 692a and 694a of the base of transistor 796 become fed. In this way, the bias at the base of transistor 796 is overcome and so does it switched to its line state.

When the transistor 792, 794 or 796 conducts, a current flows through an associated collector resistor 806, 814 or 816 and through a common point 808 to the emitter 810 of a transistor 812, causing it to conduct. The amount of current that is passed by the latter at any given point in time depends on which transistor 792, 794 or 796 is conducting, since their collector resistance has a different value. By the conducting transistor 794 nämlrch flows twice as much current as through the transistor 792 to the transistor 812 because the collector resistor 806 and 814 has the value R is 0.5 R. When the transistor 796 conducts ao, four times the current flowing through the transistor 812 • because the collector resistor 816 is a quarter of the collector resistor 806 or 0.25 R. The sizes of the collector resistance 806, 814 or Λ6, which form a geometric series of 4 R, 2 R and R bil'on, as produce currents in transistor 812 according to the geometric series of I, 21, 41 .... Of course, the resistance values do not have to be exactly η of the geometric series, but can be chosen so that, in general, the intensity of the characters is as uniform as possible; on will. Since the conduction of the transistor 812 is changed, this causes the grid of the cathode in each case. The negative voltage applied to the tube causes a change in intensity. In order to obtain the desired total stem / it, a potentiometer arm 818 can be used. It will be.

A bias voltage is applied to the base 822 of a transistor 820 such that it normally conducts. This causes the positive supply voltage to drop across a collector resistor 824, to which the cathode of the cathode ray tube is connected via a line 834. Whenever the intensity of the beam is to be brought to zero, the conduction of transistor 820 is broken so that the cathode receives all of the positive supply voltage. There are three cases in which the intensity control can be suppressed, namely in the first case when the intensity control flip-flops 632 and 634 are not set. The signals applied to the base of transistor 820 via lines 692A and 694b and diodes 826 and 828 then overcome the bias, thereby turning off the transistor. At the same time, of course, the transistor 812 does not conduct, whereby the full negative supply voltage is fed to the tube grid via the potentiometer arm 818 and the beam is additionally suppressed. In the second case, the beam intensity disappears when the beam is at its resting place, since a signal is then fed to the base 822 of the transistor 820 via a line 7i0 and a diode 830, which signal overcomes the bias voltage and blocks the transistor.

In the third case, during the period of time for the return movement, the beam is from one end of the Line at the beginning of the next suppressed. For this purpose, a pulse is sent via line 735 and a diode 832 <> n brought up the base 822 of the transistor 820, the is thereby blocked.

Hind, • the ; 796 g at this

read dermen 812, omjnkt rander- den iviel

urine like that

ie ise an a- M it iie iie t.

ie zt; i-

19th

In Fig. II shows the complete matrix for storing the 64 characters. The black spots connecting the vertical and horizontal lines represent the particulars shown in FIG. 5 illustrates the diodes indicated in connection with diode encoding circuits 292, 294, 296 and 298. The matrix of FIGS. FIG. 8 is an 8 by 8 array and the various characters that make up the coding matrices are shown in FIG. shown. At the spaces there are matrices for storing functions representing special codes which are not normally written on the screen of the cathode ray tube

but are desirable for transfer to the calculating machine and are therefore made visible on the screen can be. If the carriage return signal is to be transmitted to the calculating machine, in deir Main memory and in the matrix (row O, column 3) eir special code must be stored, from which a certain character on the tube screen evoked that the operator sees the carriage return bar shows. In the same way, special Codes for the common carriage return and line feed, for the spacing and for the end ( are available for the message.

In addition 9 sheets of drawings

Claims (11)

'■ "■■'" Claims: 1. Character generator, from which the x and y coordinate values of Ai points can be generated one after the other with a digital signal indicating "2" characters and can be fed to a digital-to-analog converter, with an input register having η bistable stages and a Decryption ^ from which one of 2 ⁿ dipdene networks generating the digital signals can be selected, the common input lines of several diode networks being briefly excited one after the other with the aid of a clock, characterized in that the 2 η output lines (226 to 236) of the input Registers (192 to 202) a converter (254 to 284) with two groups of output lines (A ₀ to A ₇ and B ₀ to B ₇ ) is connected, of which according to the current content of the input register (192 to 202) in each group only one output line can be excited, and that the diode networks (292, 294, 296, 298) are connected to one another in rows and columns in the form of a matrix and the like nd the relevant diode network generating the digital signals can be selected by energizing the two output lines of the converter (254 to 284). 2. Character generator according to claim 1, characterized in that when the output line of the converter (254 to 284) belonging to the one group (£ "to B ₇ ) is excited, a switch connects each output line in a row lying diode networks (296, 298) is assigned, these output lines can be connected to the digital-to-analog converter (680, 682, 688, 690, 696). 3. Character generator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the number of drive circuits (32) connected to the other group (A ₀ to A ₇ ) corresponds to the number of columns in the matrix of diode networks and the relevant drive circuit (32) is connected to all input lines in the associated column that from a source one after the other scanning signals (Φι to Φ ₈ ), the number of which corresponds to the number of input lines of a diode network, in parallel lines to all these drive circuits (32) can be fed that the number of the further drive circuits (34) connected to a group (B ₀ to B ₇ ) match the number of rows in the matrix of diode networks and the relevant drive circuit (34) is connected to all output lines in the associated row and that the drive circuits (32, 34 ) are connected to elements of the input-output register (18), of which only one diode network for output the signals reproducing the character can be selectively excited. 4. Character generator according to claim 3, characterized in that in the drive circuit (32, 34) several transistors (e.g. 332 to 346 or 380 to 394) are included, their number with the number of input or output lines of the column or row corresponds to that of the collector of the transistors in the drive circuit (32) each on an input line of the relevant column and the base is on a busbar (e.g. 316) so that the seedbars (316 to 330), the number of which corresponds to that of the columns, each with an element (254 to 268) of the input-output register (18) are connected and optionally excitable that the scanning signals (Φ _? to Φ _Β ) can be fed individually to the emitters of the transistors of all drive circuits (32), make the transistors conductive together with the excitation signals from the elements (245 to 268) one after the other and in the input lines connected to the associated collector generate signals that the emitter of the transistors in the drive circuits (34) is connected to an output line of the relevant row and the base is connected to a busbar (e.g. 364) and the collector is connected to an input terminal of an output circuit (35 ), the number of these input terminals corresponds to the number of output lines in a row, so that the busbars (364 to 378), the number of which corresponds to that of the rows, are each connected to an element (270 to 284) of the input-output register (18) and are optionally excitable and that the output circuit (35) successively receives the signals building a character from the collectors of the transistors of the drive circuit (34), their Basis receives the excitation signal from the elements (270 to 284). 5. Character generator according to claim 4, characterized in that the elements (254 to 284) of the Input-output registers (18) are gates, the number of which corresponds to that of the rows and columns and their output terminals each with a busbar (316 to 330) of the columns and (364 to 378) of the rows are connected, and that several bistable storage elements (192 to 202) for receiving binary data which a particular column or line, are connected to the input terminals of the gates in such a way that one of a line and a further gate assigned to a column can be excited at the same time by the data contained in the bistable memory elements. 6. Character generator according to claim S, characterized in that to achieve a uniform intensity, the beam intensity corresponding to the length of the line segment by supplying certain digital output signals Diode networks is changeable. which individually fix the intensity of all the pieces of lmie that make up the sign. 7. Character generator according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that from the selected diode network (z. B. 292) a group of binary output signals from three groups of bistable devices (620, 622, 624; 626, 628, 630; 632, 634 ) is received and stored, the output signals of which reflect the x-, _v-coordinate or intensity of the line segment to be written by the beam, the number of bistable devices in each group corresponding to the number of digital signals in the groups of binary output signals contained in the Output lines of the diode network (z. B. 292) are generated, and that the digital signals in analog signal converting amplifier circuits (680, 682; 688, 690; 696) connect the three groups of bistable elements with two electrostatic plate pairs and with intensity control devices. I 774 924 3 4 8. Character generator according to claim 7, characterized in that there are three more for setting the j-coordinate value characterized in that in the amplifier circuits in binary form from the point to be represented and (680, 68Z; 688, 690) several parallel amplifiers one to switch off the intensity at this point (774, 776, 778) each with a driver circuit (788 is used. Certain input lines are via a or 789) are connected, the output signals 5 diode with one or more selected Ausdie .v-, v ** - coordinates or the intensity of the steel gangways connected, thus influencing each other. following excitation of the input lines of the series 9. Character generator according to claim 8, characterized by the output lines via their gate, if characterized in that the amplifier only work in the saturation of this latter from the decryption of a switching signal generation or blocking state. 10 gets the x and j 'coordinate values of the character 10. Character generator according to claim 9, characterized by giving off forming points to an OR gate, that the first and second NEN. The amplifiers (774, 776, 778) assigned to the output group run into this OR gate for each line from the various bridging capacitors (773, 775, 777) each having an alphanumeric diode network with a switching element in the form of a cross-symbol generating diode network. provided 13 of which the desired by the excitation are the one that forms a Miller integrator and saturates one of the 2 * output lines of the decoder »respective amplifier in the same period of time from and the associated opening of the gate locks or returns - its seven output lines is selected. It switches. from the ring circuit via the input lines of the 11. Character generator according to claims 8 to ao selected diode network, the diodes and the 10, characterized in that in the parallel output lines each equipped with a gate Connections between the amplifiers (774,776, binary data signals going to the OR gate 778) and the driver circuit (788) each have a resistance to a digital-to-analog converter (780, 782, 784), the size of which is directed one after the other from eight possible Resistances a geometric series according to the 35 x-coordinate values and one of eight possible nu ο η c ο ntK ο ^R wiA-t · α .F coordinate values as tensions for the definition of relation Λ, 0.5 R, 0.25 R ... - ^ - forms, m the ^ _{point on} ^ ^ ^ to the electrical / 1 corresponds to the number of resistors. static baffles of the tube in analog form transmits. By having all 20 input lines 30 of a diode network in a very fast sequence are excited by the ring circuit, the 20 points that make up the respective alphanumeric Put together characters, so quickly on the picture The invention relates to a character generator, shown by the screen that the eye believes to see the x and ^ coordinate values of 35 ti «* ^{all 20} points at the same time one after the other. The M points of a seventh digital output measurement of the diode networks indicating 2 characters serves to generate signals and to switch off the intensity to a digital-to-analog converter after all 20 points can be supplied, with a η bistable level on one character. If then the pointing input register and another character is to be represented with an ent, one of the diode networks that generate one of 2 »the digital signals 40 other output lines of the decoder, can be selected, whereby the seven output lines of another one can be selected the common input lines of several diode diodes are released. Correspondingly, networks can be briefly excited with the aid of a clock generator in series with the selected diode assembly of this network. the x and y coordinate values of the points arrive There is known an arrangement for generating a total of 45 ^emes other character in binary form on the 2 "alphanumeric characters on the screen of an OR circuit in the digital-to-analog converter, cathode ray tube, in which the individual controls ^the electrostatic plates and Characters represented by a sequence of 4 binary digits in characters as a sequence of points are kept in several levels of memory. (German patent specification 1092 237). The disadvantage of this known character generator sequence parallel from one stage in an input register is that for the representation of one increasingly inserted, the 4 binary stages with two outputs each has a larger number of alphanumeric characters in the lines This total of 8 output lines - the same as the number of lines running between the Entgen into a decoder, from the encryption network and the coding network according to the 55 lines temporarily running in the input register and the number of gates and the recorded binary digit sequence - one of the total output lines 2 * lines are excited in the coding network, which must be in a coding network. To display z. B. 64 characters work into it. By activating this one, 7 χ 64 = 448 gates and output lines are required that alphanumeric characters are permanently required, which are placed in the common digital-analog, generated by the coding network and fed to the 60th converter upstream OR gates, the screen should be brought to the display. With an increasing number of characters to be displayed, the coding network is finished with a ring circuit, consequently the outlay on equipment increases considerably, and connected vertical input, if not excessive. lines, the number of which z. B. 20 the number of points The invention is based on the object of corresponding, from which the character to be displayed aufschlusseler and the coding network is built in such a way, and each equipped with a gate, form that the number of between these Devices composed of horizontal output lines, of running lines and also the number of those three for reproducing the x-coordinate value, output lines of the coding network with