DE1771468C - ANC explosives with reduced levels of toxic gases in the detonators - Google Patents

Description

is reduced.

The ANC explosive according to the invention is illustrated by the following examples (Example 1 describes

The invention relates to an ANC explosive with an explosive that was produced without the inventive content of alkali and / or alkaline earth nitrate and additive),
with a reduced content of nitrogenous gases and carbon . I ₁

monoxide in the blast swaths. example

The so-called ANC explosives have become * o In a 25-1 Drais mixer, a mixture of a special type in the commercial field is developed from 94 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate in prill form and explosives. They are essentially made up of 6 parts of diesel oil. The oxygen balance from ammonium nitrate and a carbon carrier such as is -1.4%. The mixture is in steel pipes of z. B. Diesel oil, whereby to increase the explosive force 36 mm inner diameter, 3 mm wall thickness and 2 m or the density of sodium nitrate (USA.-Patent »5 length, which is perpendicular to the edge in the sand of a 3 061 488) or 1 to 60 % Ca (NO ₃ ), (USA.-Patent Schwadenbunkers are buried, for detonation writing 3 180 768) can be contained. The ammonium brought, whereby the ignition from the deepest point with saltpeter is preferably carried out in the form of porous prills in a Donarit transfer cartridge,
puts. As a result, the loading work is carried out with the help of pressing

air chargers simplified. These explosives have 30 undiluted plumes (water vapor condenses, however, compared to explosive mixtures which are calculated as nitro) contain 8 percent by volume of nitrous gases and 9 volumetric compounds or nitric acid, such as B. found lum percent carbon monoxide.
Donarite, the disadvantage that their swaths are one. .

have a higher proportion of nitrous gases. The nitrous example 2

When the ANC is used underground, gases make 35 A mixture of 90.84 parts by weight of ammonia Particularly active ventilation and protective nitre in prill form, 3 parts of potassium nitrate and 6.16 parts required because they are a strong lung poison - diesel oil, the oxygen balance of which is also -1.4% set and the specified maximum workplace is, is prepared as in Example 1 and used for deto concentrations may not be exceeded. nation brought. In the case of three shots, the mean It is known that a reduction in the 40 only 51% of the nitrose content of Example 1 and 32% Nitrous content of the explosive plumes of those of the carbon monoxide content of Example 1 obtained. Explosives can achieve that instead of one

balanced a slightly negative oxygen balance Example 3

of the explosives is discontinued.

However, this measure reduces the work- 45 A mixture of 88.7 parts by weight of ammonia output of the explosive, furthermore the content of nitre in prill form, 5 parts of potassium nitrate and 6.3 parts of explosive fumes of the likewise toxic coal diesel oil, its oxygen balance —1.4%, monoxide is increased. It is also known to produce one as in the previous examples and detonate part of the ammonium nitrate of the ANC explosive. If three shots are used, sodium nitrate can be substituted. An addition of 10% 50 means only 42% of the nitrous content and 40% of the sodium nitrate lowers the nitrous content of the steam of carbon monoxide content obtained from Example 1,
by about 20%

Surprisingly, it has been found that a considerable amount of

lent reduction of the toxic components of a mixture of 89.13 parts by weight of ammonia

Blasts of explosives in an ANC explosive result in 55 saltpeter in prill form, 5 parts potassium nitrate and it can be achieved that diesel potassium nitrate and / 5.87 parts of diesel oil, the oxygen balance of which is ± 0, or barium nitrate in amounts of 3 to 14%, preference is given as in the previous examples wisely 3 to 6%. and detonated. With three shots

The addition of potassium nitrate to explosives is only an average of 54% of the nitrose content and 47% known. However, this component has so far been obtained from the carbon monoxide content of Example 1, in the ANC explosives - mainly because of

their relatively high price - not used. Inven- 'B e i s ρ i e 1 5

but it has been shown that small amounts

of preferably 3 to 6% potassium nitrate denitrose a mixture of 88.85 parts by weight of ammonia

content of the plume is reduced to less than half - saltpeter in prill form, 5 parts barium nitrate and set. The carbon monoxide content of the explosive 6.15 parts of diesel oil, the oxygen balance of which is -1.4% Swath is significantly reduced. The oxygen is, as in the previous examples The mixture can be balanced, weakly posi- tioned and detonated. With three shots

a mean of 73% of the nitrose content and 76% the carbon monoxide content of Example 1 obtained.

Example 6

A mixture of 91.5 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate in Prillf onn, 3 parts of potassium nitrate and 5.5 parts Diesel oil with an oxygen balance of + 0.95% is produced as in the previous examples and detonated at * three shots only 62% of the nitrose content and 40% of the carbon monoxide content of Example 1 are on average receive.

Claims (1)

tive or weakly negative. The inventive Claim: Addition is so effective that it allows explosives with a positive oxygen balance to produce dutch ANC explosives with an alkali content - this measure at the same time to reduce the CO content of the and / or alkaline earth nitrate and with reduced 5 plumes further. The use of nitrous gases and carbon monoxide in such a small proportion of potassium nitrate or barium explosive clouds, thereby marked nitrate, offers no difficulties in processing η et that the explosive is potassium nitrate and / or with prilled ammonium nitrate.
Barium nitrate in amounts of 3 to 14%, preferred to use other nitrous scavengers such as carbonates, wise 3 to 6 ⁰ I ₀ , contains. io has the disadvantage that the fuel component (Diesel oil) preferentially binds to inert additives such as carbonates and thus the detonation capability