DE1758885B1 - Device for filling boreholes - Google Patents

Description

The invention is concerned with the filling of wells used in general civil engineering as well in mining for the purpose of grouting with cement for foundation structures as well as for blasting are intended with explosives.

It has heretofore been common practice to fill or load boreholes by making the less viscous ones Pour slurries down into the holes which extend substantially vertically to the soil surface. Materials with a more viscous nature are simply pumped into the holes through hoses, the tubes being inserted into the holes at varying depths. The main difficulty in this filling operation lies in the impossibility of determining the filling rate of the hole, which would allow the operator to pull out the hose at the same rate. Will the The tubing is slowly pulled out so it becomes embedded in the material and there is a likelihood of that when you pull it out, a column-shaped gap or a corresponding cavity is left behind will. Conversely, if the hose is pulled out too quickly, the material may fail a height above the rising surface of the slurry and leads to air pockets. In most of these processes it is undesirable or detrimental for the desired purpose if the material is filled in discontinuously.

The difficulty of filling material against gravity into boreholes emerging from the horizontal rise is so well known that no further explanation is necessary.

Difficulties also arise when boreholes contain significant amounts of water. Slurries that are pumped or dropped into holes under wet conditions can pass through too great a degree of dilution are adversely affected, so that e.g. B. the filling or cement mixture loses its strength after setting or the explosives mixture through a detonator cannot be ignited or that the explosion does not propagate through the mixture can.

It is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to make small diameter holes with a highly viscous one To fill material, especially if the holes contain water.

The object of the invention is to enable operators to drill holes more completely to fill with filler materials than seems possible with the known working methods. The In the case of wet boreholes, the water in the holes prevents the filling materials from getting through be adversely affected.

The invention is characterized by the use a device for filling boreholes with a slurry or plastic Mass, which consists of a tubular element with an open central bore, the at least one has a flexible ring element and is connected to a flexible supply line for sealing the borehole above the outlet for the filling compound, the filling device firmly connected to the supply line is. Such a device is pushed into the borehole until it is felt that the ground of the hole is touched. The flexible ring element arches towards the borehole exit. Unless If there is water in the hole, it is pressed behind the bent ring element. By easy Withdrawing the supply line, the ring element is bent in the opposite direction, whereby it acts as a flexible seal against the wall of the borehole. Then you can start pumping in the filling compound can be started. Under the pressure of the filling compound against the device and the Ring element, the device is pressed in the direction of the borehole exit according to the degree of filling, so that there is a continuous filling of the borehole, this beforehand during the introduction displaced the device into the borehole on the side of the ring element facing away from the filling compound Water is pushed up out of the borehole. In this way, an im substantially complete filling of the borehole with filling compound, preventing the possibility of a Achieve mixing with water.

A device of the type described is known which is used in filling the space between the borehole casing and the borehole with cement. A pipe element with flexible ring elements on the outside via shear bolts or similar devices is attached to a supply line for the cement λ , which is lowered to the bottom of the borehole, the flexible ring elements spreading laterally below this after leaving the end of the lining form a seal against the borehole wall. The cement is then pressed down via the supply line and, with its help, the pipe element is separated from the supply line. When cement is further fed in, it is supported on the separated pipe element with flexible ring elements and rises up between the lining located above and the borehole wall, the tubular element remaining in the borehole as a lost element.

The ring element is advantageously a flat ring, a sealing ring or a disk with a central hole. It can be made from natural or synthetic rubber or from a synthetic plastic material exist.

The fixing of the ring member on the pipe element m is expediently carried out by insertion into a recessed on the outer surface of the tubular member annular groove or slot.

It is particularly advantageous if two ring elements are attached to the tubular element, since on this way the sealing effect is improved.

Provided that at least one of the flexible ring elements interacts with a second one flexible ring element of larger diameter is paired, which has perforations, is obtained through the interaction of the ring elements forms a check valve. Will the tubular element in the borehole lowered, the ring element of larger diameter arches under the friction on the borehole wall in the direction of the free end of the borehole and thereby stands out from the smaller ring element Diameter from, so that the displaced during lowering, contained in the borehole water over the smaller ring element passes in the direction of the borehole exit through the openings of the larger ring element. Then becomes the tubular element pulled in the opposite direction, the larger diameter ring element arches in the opposite direction, where it is attached to the unperforated

effect of the nozzle when it is moved from the bottom of the hole. The neoprene rings work both as barriers that separate the mass 13 from the water, and as a safeguard that the space 5 is completely filled with the mass 13 in front of the ring 5 within the borehole 11.

If the device rises in the borehole, the neoprene rings 5 and 6 are bent in the direction as shown in FIG. 3 is shown. In this drag

tion that the borehole 11 completely with the exclusion of water 14 and undesirable air inclusions is filled with the mass 13.

The union of the nozzle 4 and neoprene rings 5 and 6 acts as a sealing piston in the borehole 11 and adapts to changes in the diameter of the borehole, which may be similar to a cylinder. About that in addition, the operator needs the off

smaller ring element comes, which leads to the closure of the holes or perforations of the larger ring element.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to schematic drawings of several exemplary embodiments.

F i g. 1 is a perspective view of the device;

F i g. Fig. 2 is a partially sectioned view of a
Borehole and a device at the beginning of the io increases the effectiveness of the seal with borehole filling process; the increase in the pressure differential across the

Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned view of a neoprene ring 5. Part of the mass 13 becomes possible-borehole and a device upon completion of the licherweise as a result of irregularities in the top-borehole filling process; area of the borehole in the space between the at-F i g. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a threading of rings 5 and 6. However, this serves further embodiment of the invention; Effect exclusively further the further security

F i g. FIG. 5 is a partially sectioned view of a borehole and the FIG. 4 shown device at the start of a well filling process, and

F i g. 6 is a partially sectioned view of a wellbore and the one in FIG. 4 shown device at the end of the well-filling process.

In the drawings, the same parts have been given the same reference numerals. Fig. 1

shows the complete union of tubular element 4, 25 pulling speed of the device from the drilling flexible Ring element 5 and 6 and flexible tube 7th hole to be monitored in no way. Is the Vorrich-Das Pipe element 4 is used as a nozzle with an open device in the borehole and the bend of the Bore shown, the inlet end of which has been reversed with the hollow flexible rings, so the space of the hose 7 communicates and its operator the device is in a geAuslaß or discharge end is shown at 8. Let the 30 controlled rate eject that strictly Inlet end of the nozzle 4 covering hose 7 is determined by the rate at which the borehole can be filled cleanly at this end by an annular clamp 11 through the mass 13, be attached; however, it is usually the handle. The completion of the well filling process is in the

of the hose over the end of the nozzle enough F i g. 3 shows at what stage the pumping firmly to prevent loosening during the filling process, the compound 13 is stopped by the hose 7, prevent. The end of the nozzle 4 facing away from the inlet end of the nozzle 4 can be a Mar hose 7 is on conveyors such. B. be attached to a marking on the hose 7 as an optical Pump, to a pressurized sludge warning sign for the operator, the pump container or to stop a pumped operation, or it can do the same as desired Mixing-filling unit (not shown) connected to stop pumping as soon as the inlet end of the 40 the slurried or plastic mass appears under the nozzle at the mouth of the borehole 11.

The device is then withdrawn from the borehole 11 and inserted into another borehole, when the above-described filling process 45 is repeated.

One can see from the representation according to FIG. 3 that the water 14 is almost completely out of the borehole 11 has been pushed out and has flowed out of its mouth. The one shown, very minor Hole water is located, this is behind the residual volume of the water after 5 ° as desired backward bent neoprene rings pressed on. be completely removed that with the pump pre-through slight retraction of the tube 7 will continue until the mass 13 the the neoprene rings 5 and 6 then reached into the opposite mouth of the borehole 11. Definitely set direction curved. In this state we would when pulling the device out of the ken the neoprene rings 5 and 6 as flexible seals 55 borehole a large part of this water through the between the nozzle 4 and the wall 12 of the drilling rings 5 and 6 are removed. The mass is 13 a lochs 11. It is then with the pumping in of the explosive mixture, anything in the borehole can be slurried or plastic mass started. material left after pulling out the pre-once the space - limited by the wall 12 direction by the trim material, z. B. dismantling and the face of the hole, the neoprene ring 5 and 60 rocks or rubble, removed and / or absorbed Surface of the nozzle 4 protruding from it, which is poured into the borehole is filled with the mass 13, so the pressure increases in can in order to follow the usual blasting practice to cover the plosive mixture continuously discharged from the outlet. Earth 13 the device in the borehole 11. F i g. 4 shows a modification of the device If there is water in the borehole, as it is in the 65 of FIG. 1; the reference number 15 indicates a tube-F i g. 2 is indicated by the reference numeral 14, so element with an open bore, for. B. a nozzle it can be caused by the mass 13 behind the ring 5. Its inlet end communicates with the bore have been pressed and is then through the piston of the flexible hose 16; this end of the nozzle 15

Supply pressure to the nozzle 4. In these drawings
The flexible ring elements 5 and 6 are flat neofc prenrings or discs that fit into shallow ring grooves
at 9 and 10 are attached to the nozzle 4.

In practice, the device is pushed so far into the borehole 11 with the aid of the hose 7, until one feels that one is the bottom of the hole according to FIG. 2 has touched. Unless in the

5 6

can be inside the hose 16 by means of a unit in the same way as element 5 or EIe fastening device or a round clamp element 6 of the other on hand F i g. 1 described above or clamp 17, if necessary enclosed embodiment.

is. The outlet or discharge end of the nozzle 15 is. For larger holes filled with water,

shown at 18. The free end of the hose 16 is 5 considerable forces may be necessary to the on conveyors, e.g. B. to repel a pump or nozzle to the bottom of the hole when on pressurized storage bunker (not shown) of the nozzle flexible ring elements of the in F i g. 1 shown connected, a th type are attached to the nozzle 15 under pressure. Where such conditions ge-slurry or to supply plastic mass. there are, it can be advantageous to use the element construction This device is a pair of flexible io type shown in FIG. 4 apply. Ring elements shown in combination as Where the rock is fissured, it is known

a unit 19 should act. It can use on the linings made of plastic material Nozzle 15 more than one such unit 19 is attached to the containment of the explosive in the be, or it can also ensure flexible borehole on the same nozzle. This way of working be ring elements both types 5 and 6 and 15 have no difficulty in using the Type 19 can be provided. Device and when applying the working

The element 20 is similar to the elements 5 and 6 according to the invention, since the plastic auskleigemäß Fig. 1, but the element 21 has a manure easily over the nozzle and the hose larger diameter than the element 20 and has before their insertion in the borehole is rotated through perforations passing through the material, 20. B. slots 22. The member 20 may be preferably this procedure compared to herkömmso, as shown, and a dimension loading loan practice of complaining of the bottom of training λ sit, which, if any, minor contact with the clothing by a weight, e.g. B. there is a stone he ™ wall of the borehole, for which it is easier than with. The filling of the borehole provided with the explosive dimensions has been selected. The method when filling a borehole 11 in manner is then carried out in the manner described above.

Use of the arrangement according to FIG. 4 follows the With the method and the device according to the

same steps as those described with reference to the invention were used to test the operational efficiency-F i g. 2 and 3 have been described. This enabled various attempts at different spellings is described with reference to FIG. 5 3 ° len carried out. All these attempts were successful and 6 expanded to more clearly show the effect of the realm and are paired in the following examples To explain elements 20 and 21 which are inscribed, other than unit 19 or ring element 19 together - Example I

work.

If you have a borehole 11 with a plastic 35 it was carried out on a semi-technical installation of the or slurried mass 13 by an inventor. One or more paired flexible ring elements 20, a tical tube with an inner diameter of and 21, was filled, the element 21, which is 10.16 cm long and 6.10 m long, is filled with water when the element is pushed down . Using a positive displacement pump 15 into the hole 11 by frictional contact with the 40 with a two-inch outlet as well as backward from 21.24 m of art wall 12 of the borehole 11 bent backward, fabric pipe having an inner bore of two inches possessed as shown in FIG. 5 is shown. This effect separates and connects to the device arrangement according to FIG. 1 to the two elements 20 and 21 of the pair 19 and was opened, the pipe was completely filled with foliage water 14 which contained explosive slurry in the borehole 11. It has may be ten meters, found the circumference of the leading or first, 45, that the water is uniformly small from the non-perforated member 20 Durchmes- flowed pipe as the device to pass through it with the Aufsers and then through the slots 22 of the slurry filled, and that the device constantly rose in the pipe during the second or subsequent element 21 to either process. The Temchen. When the device passed through the temperature of the water flowing out of the pipe, hole 11 did not drop the water 14 in this way behind 50, which indicated that no device was brought without the latter being mixed with that in the blind sludge the contained hindrance in the way through the water experiences. If particulate urea has taken place which reaches the bottom of the hole, the element 21 is bent in the direction that has been formed and which would have been lowered from the tube in the manner described above in the oppositely expressed resulting solution. When the mass 13 55 the estimated amount of mud for filling the pipe is pumped through the device and the space corresponded very close to the volume of the pipe, between the face of the borehole and the leading edge. This experiment was carried out twice with equally good results

generating element 20 fills around the device in results repeated. Raise borehole 11, the second or per-. .

forged element 21 in the opposite direction 60 Example H

bent and presses against the unperforated element The experiment carried out in Example I was

20, as shown in FIG. 6 is shown. This effect is repeated three times, with two of the units 19 closes the slots 22, the through the in the - as they are shown in Fig. 4 - as the Borehole 11 pumped-in mass 13 built-up flexible annular elements on the nozzle Pressing the element 20 against the element 21 presses 65 in place of the previously used two rings and a safe and reliable closure of the were.

Slots 22 guaranteed. The pair 19 from the egg- The three attempts produced excellent results

elements 20 and 21 then act as a single result.

Claims (7)

7 8 Example III ^ extraction holes 3.81 cm in diameter at a depth of 107 cm and horizontally. The experiment carried out in Example I was ₈ holes in the course at different winds repeated without water. It became the dry pipe none below the horizontal level and all successfully filled in its full capacity with the winch 5 _m jt water.
Explosives sludge filled, which indicates The device worked smoothly with a ring of the interrupted slurry column. Type of Figure 1, which sat on the nozzle; Everyone . . Holes were made with a pumpable slurry one Example IV ₁₀ explosive mixture filled. The experiment carried out in Example II was carried out. The explosions were successful, repeated without water. The dry pipe was. successfully up to its full capacity with Example VIII Winches filled with explosive sludge, which indicated during simulated defrosting attempts on the that no air pockets was the continuity of the 15 property of the Vlakfontein Gold Mining Company Broken column of slurry. an experiment was carried out with eight boreholes . leads, which has a diameter of 3.81 cm for a Example V possessed a depth of 152 cm. Four of these holes were There was an attempt in the quarry of vertical "cut" holes, and four holes making them Mooiplaas Dolomite Quarry at Cordelfos was surrounded by trans- 20 "cut holes were" auxiliary "holes. vaal performed. In the loose rock of the quarry - the "cut holes were blasted first, Six holes were drilled in the ground, which one during the subsequent blasting of the "auxiliary" Diameter of 3.81 cm and a depth of 1.52 m holes widened the hole that went through the first possessed. Two of these holes were horizontal while the blasting process was being formed. rend four holes from the horizontal in below 25 After the end of the drilling, the different angles between 15 and 20 ° upwards workplace with a depth of 15.24 cm under water increased. There was only one water set on the nozzle. All eight holes were pumped Ring of the type illustrated in FIG. 1. Any sludge of an explosive mixture through Hole was made through the device with 2.72 kg of the device according to FIG. 1 filled. Sludge filled with an explosive mixture. 30 The filling process and the subsequent demolition The demolition was successful in the explosion. the holes were completely successful. Example VI Example IX It was in a quarry owned by the On the bottom of the quarry of Mooiplaas Vlakfontein Gold Mining Company near 35 Dolomite Quarry was discovered during a »Knäpper-Springs, Transvaal, an attempt at the following shootings. «(A so-called secondary explosive pre-boreholes carried out a long time before) carried out an attempt. This blasting fin-drilled and which were caused by rock movements very regularly after the main blasting process. rial that is used for removing or treating too , _T , ..... . "," N- 40 heavy oversize to break open. 6 crater holes with an overall diameter of 3.81 cm _{In SSE} (f _{esteinsbrocken} ^ _6n holes ₄₀ and a depth of 91.4 cm, horizontal drilling., Which has a diameter of 3.18 cm at 3 crater holes 3.81 cm in diameter had _a length extending from 30.5 to 61 cm in the and a depth of 183 cm, horizontal. _T j _efe varied. The holes were then made with a 15 extraction holes 3.81 cm in diameter 45 pumpable slurries of an explosive mixture and a depth of 107 cm, sloping downwards through a nozzle filled with a ring of the and filled with water. Design according to FIG. 1 sat. The charging process and the subsequent smashing The poor condition of the boreholes made the rock fragments by blowing up the lases Test unsuitable or made it appear unfair- 50 fertilizing in the holes was completely successful, nen; Significant difficulties have arisen in making an. An advantage of the invention is that it is a Insertion and ejection of the nozzles. Nonetheless, a means of filling boreholes for everyone the crater holes and eight mines were delivered to the horizontal. holes with a pumpable slurry of an explosive Another advantage is that the Vorven Load the mixture through a nozzle, on which the neat filling of holes is small Ring of the type according to FIG. 1 found; the larger diameter is permitted with viscous masses. the The following blastings were successful. The size of the borehole determines the choice and the Size of nozzles and rings. Given a Example VII Set of flexible rings one can handle large swan-An attempt was made in a mining area to ^{6o kun} 8 ^{en of the borehole diameter,}
owned by Vlakfontein Gold Mining Company on the following wells, claims:
which were drilled shortly before the test time. 7 extraction holes 3.81 cm in diameter 65 1. Use a filling device and a depth of 107 cm as well as angles, of boreholes with a slurry or the slightly above and below the horizontal pasty mass, which consists of a tubular element talen lay. with an open central bore that has at least one flexible ring element and is connected to a flexible supply line for Sealing of the borehole (11) above the outlet (8) for the filling compound (13), the Filling device (4; 15) is firmly connected to the supply line (16). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring element (5, 6) is a flat ring, sealing ring or washer with a central hole. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ring element (5,6; 19) made from natural or synthetic rubber or from a synthetic plastic material consists. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Ring element (5, 6; 19) by inserting it into one on the outer jacket of the tubular element (4; 15) Recessed annular groove or slot is attached to the tubular element. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the Pipe element (4; 15) two ring elements (5, 6; 19) are attached. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the flexible ring elements (20) with ίο a second flexible cooperating with her Ring element (21) of larger diameter is paired, which has perforations to in Combination with the ring elements (20) to form a check valve. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the perforations (22) in the second flexible ring element (21) are openings or slots spaced around the tube element (15) are distributed. 1 sheet of drawings