DE1758186A1 - Method and device for the production of dispersion-hardened alloys from the melt - Google Patents
Method and device for the production of dispersion-hardened alloys from the meltInfo
- Publication number
- DE1758186A1 DE1758186A1 DE19681758186 DE1758186A DE1758186A1 DE 1758186 A1 DE1758186 A1 DE 1758186A1 DE 19681758186 DE19681758186 DE 19681758186 DE 1758186 A DE1758186 A DE 1758186A DE 1758186 A1 DE1758186 A1 DE 1758186A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- substance
- supplied
- gaseous substance
- melting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/234—Surface aerating
- B01F23/2342—Surface aerating with stirrers near to the liquid surface, e.g. partially immersed, for spraying the liquid in the gas or for sucking gas into the liquid, e.g. using stirrers rotating around a horizontal axis or using centrifugal force
- B01F23/23421—Surface aerating with stirrers near to the liquid surface, e.g. partially immersed, for spraying the liquid in the gas or for sucking gas into the liquid, e.g. using stirrers rotating around a horizontal axis or using centrifugal force the stirrers rotating about a vertical axis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0087—Rotation about a vertical axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
- F27D27/005—Pumps
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung dispersionsgehärteter Legierungen aus der Schmelze ================================== Mit Hilfe der sogenannten Dispersionshärtung ist es möglich Legierungen herzustellen, die bis zu höchsten Temperaturen eine hohe Festigkeit und ein gutes Zeitstandverhalten aufweisen, Hierbei bemiiht man sich, sehr feine Dispersionen aus Oxyden, Nitriden, Hydriden und anderen keramischen Verbindungen, die bis zum Schmelzpunkt der Legierung nicht in Lösung gehen, in eine metallische Matrix einzulagern. Das Einbringen derartiger Dispersionen bereitet jedoch Schwierigkeiten. Method and device for the production of dispersion-hardened alloys from the melt ================================== With the help of so-called dispersion hardening it is possible to produce alloys that have a high temperature up to the highest temperatures Have strength and good creep behavior. Here one tries to very fine dispersions of oxides, nitrides, hydrides and other ceramic compounds, which do not go into solution up to the melting point of the alloy, into a metallic one To store matrix. However, the introduction of such dispersions presents difficulties.
Meist werden feine Pulver der entsprechenden Mbtalle oder Legierungen mit sehr feinen Pulvern der keramischen Verbindungen vermischt, zu Bolzen gepre#t, gesintert und hierauf stmiggepreßt. Diese pulvermetallurgische Herstellungsweise ist-bedingt durch den Aufwand bei der Herstellung und der Weitervesrbeitung der Pulverim Grunde unbefriedigend. Der hohe Preis derart hergestellter Legierungen schränkt ihren Anwendungsbereich ein. Es hat daher nicht an Versuchen gefehlt, die meist keramische dispersions@härtende Phase in feinster Pulverform direkt in die Schmelze einzuruhren. Trotz großen Aufwandes, z. B. Beschallung mit Ultraschallwellen, ist es bisher nicht gelungen, Metalle mit einem Schmelspunkt oberhalb etwa 500°C auf diese Weise dispersionszuhärten.Usually fine powders of the corresponding metals or alloys are used mixed with very fine powders of the ceramic compounds, pressed into bolts, sintered and then pressed. This powder metallurgical production method is due to the effort involved in the production and further processing of the Powder basically unsatisfactory. The high price of alloys made in this way restricts their scope. There has therefore been no lack of attempts that mostly ceramic dispersion @ hardening phase in the finest powder form directly into the Pour in the melt. Despite great effort, z. B. Sonication with ultrasonic waves, it has not yet been possible to find metals with a melting point above about 500 ° C dispersion hardening in this way.
Unmittelbar nach dem Einbringen in die Schmelze wachsen die feinen Teilchen zu grö#eren Agglomeraten zusammen, wodurch sie ihre festigkeitssteigernde Wirkung weitgehend verlieren. FUr eine optimale Dispersionsheirtung ist ein gleichmä#iger, sehr kleiner Teilchenabstand und ein optimale, sehr geripger Teilchendurchmesser Voraussetzung.Immediately after being introduced into the melt, the fine ones grow Particles together to form larger agglomerates, which increases their strength Largely lose effect. For optimal dispersion maintenance, a uniform, very small particle spacing and an optimal, very corrugated particle diameter Pre-condition.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, ein neues Verfahren zu schaffen, das darauf abzielt, eine keramische Phase unmittelbar in der Schmelze in einer solchen Form und Verteilung so entstehen zu lassen, daß eine Dispersionshfirtung der erstarrten Schmelze erzielt wird.The object of the invention is to be seen in a new method to create that aims to be a ceramic Phase immediately to be created in the melt in such a form and distribution that a dispersion hardening of the solidified melt is achieved.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beruht auf folgendem Prinzip : Der Schmelze aus einer Legierung, die hydrid-, nitrid-und/oder oxydbildende Zusätze enthält, werden entsprechende Gase oder Gesgemische, alse z.B. Wasserstoff, Stickstoff und/ oder Sauerstoff, gegebenenfalls noch mit einem Trägergas vermischt, zugeführt, so da# eine keramisthe Phase ausfällt. Wachstum und Zusammenballung dieser keramischen Phasen werden dadurch gehindert, da# unmittelbar nach dem Einleiten dieser Gase die Schmelze sehr ranch abgekühlt wird. Damit wird die feine Dispersioti einer harten hechschmelzenden Phase - es kann sich dabei neben Oxyden, Hydriden und Nitriden auch um Carbide,SorideunaSiiieiaehandeln-fasti&Augenblick ihres Entstehens eingefroren. Ein Zusammenballen der entstandenen Dispersionen zu gro#eren Agglomeraten wird dadurch praktisch ausgeschlossen.The inventive method is based on the following principle: The Melt from an alloy containing hydride, nitride and / or oxide-forming additives contains, corresponding gases or mixtures, such as hydrogen, nitrogen and / or oxygen, optionally also mixed with a carrier gas, supplied, so that # a ceramic phase fails. Growth and agglomeration of this ceramic Phases are prevented because # immediately after the introduction of these gases the melt is cooled very ranch. This turns the fine dispersion into a hard one molten phase - it can be in addition to oxides, hydrides and nitrides also about carbides, sorideunaSiiieiahandeln-fasti & frozen moment of their creation. The resulting dispersions agglomerate to form larger agglomerates practically impossible.
Das erfihdahgsgentäae Verfahren eröffnet völlig neue Möglichkeitenderbispersiohshärtüngtai'e&z.8.bisher nur mit pulvermetallurgischen Methoden möglich, etwa A1203, MgO, ZrO und ThO2 oder TiN, ZrN, HfN oder TaN in feinster Verteilung in einer Matrix z. B. auf der Basis von Aluminium, Kupfer, Eisen, Kobalt oder Nickel einzulagern, so kann dies nunmehr in einfacherer Weise so geschehen, da# diese Verbindungen direkt in der Schmelze erzougt werden.The erfihdahgsgentäae process opens up completely new possibilities of the dispersioh hardness ai'e & z.8. So far only possible with powder metallurgical methods, about A1203, MgO, ZrO and ThO2 or TiN, ZrN, HfN or TaN in finest distribution in a matrix z. B. to store on the basis of aluminum, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel, this can now be done in a simpler way, since # these connections are direct be created in the melt.
Im folgenden wird eine erfindungsgemä#e Vorrichtung sur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens an Hand der schematischen Zeichnung beschrieben. Dabei wird im wesentlichen die in der Deutschen Patentanmeldung W 27 707 VIa/31 b2 vom 23. April 1960 beschriebene Vorrichtung, ein sogenannter rotierender Saugheber benutzt. Er besteht aus einem Hohlkörper 20, der mit seinem : unteren Ende t in eine Schmelze 2 eintaucht und durch eine hohle Achse 3 in Rotation versetzt wird.A device according to the invention is described below for implementation this process is described with reference to the schematic drawing. The essentially those in German patent application W 27 707 VIa / 31 b2 of April 23 Device described in 1960, a so-called rotating suction lifter is used. He consists of a hollow body 20, which with its: lower end t in a melt 2 is immersed and is set in rotation by a hollow shaft 3.
Durch die Rotation des Hohlkörpera 20 bedingt, gerAt auch die im Innern des Saughebers sich befindende Schmelze 4 in Rotation und wird aufgrund der Fliehkraft durch Offnungen 5 in Form kleiner, rasch erstarrender Tropfen 6 abgeschleudert. Neue Schmelze wird dann kontinuierlich durch eine Öffnung 7 angesaugt.Due to the rotation of the hollow body 20, also the inside of the siphon located melt 4 in rotation and is due to the centrifugal force thrown off through openings 5 in the form of small, rapidly solidifying drops 6. New melt is then continuously sucked in through an opening 7.
Enthält nun die Schmelze Bestandteile - etwa Zirkon, -die mit einem Gas - etwa Stickstoff, Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff-unter Bildung einer feinen Ausscheidung einer harten, hochschmelzenden Phase, etwa ZrN, ZrH oder Zr02-reagieren, so kann das rasche Zusammenballen dieser feinen Teilchen dadurch vermieden werden, daß erfindungsgemäß das Gas, etwa N2, H2 oder °2 durch eine hohle Antriebswelle 3 zu einem porösen oder mit Ausnehmungen 10 versehenen, vorzugsweise aus keramischem Werkstoff bestehenden Sidkörperstück 9 geleitet wird, derart, daß in die ständig vorbeistreichende Schmelze 4 das Gas in Form feiner Bläschen 11 eintritt, so daß die Schmelze 4 mit dem Gas unter Bildung einer Dispersion feiner harter hochschmelzender Teilchen reagiert und dann unmittelbar danach aus den Öffnungen 5 in Form kleiner, rasch erstarrender Tropfen abgeschleudert wird.If the melt now contains components - such as zirconium - those with a Gas - such as nitrogen, hydrogen or oxygen - with the formation of a fine precipitate one hard, high-melting phase, such as ZrN, ZrH or Zr02-react, this can happen quickly Agglomeration of these fine particles can be avoided by the invention the gas, such as N2, H2 or ° 2 through a hollow drive shaft 3 to a porous or provided with recesses 10, preferably made of ceramic material Sidkörperstück 9 is passed in such a way that in the constantly passing melt 4 the gas enters in the form of fine bubbles 11, so that the melt 4 with the gas reacts to form a dispersion of fine hard refractory particles and then immediately thereafter from the openings 5 in the form of smaller, rapidly solidifying Drop is thrown off.
Diese Granalien-etwa in der Form und Große von Reiskörnern-lassen sich dann ohne Schwierigkeiten zu dispersionsgehärteten Halbzeugen walzen oder strangpressen.These granules - roughly the shape and size of rice grains - leave then roll or extrude themselves into dispersion-hardened semi-finished products without difficulty.
Der Siebkorper 9 wird vorzugsweise aus einer Fritte hergestellt, aus der dann das durch die hohl Antriebswelle eingeleitete Gas in besonders feinen Blfischen in die Schmelze Ubertritt.The Siebkorper 9 is preferably made from a frit which then the gas introduced through the hollow drive shaft in particularly fine fish passes into the melt.
In Fig. 2 ist der Siebkörper 9 nochmals in vergrößerter Darstellung gezeigt.In Fig. 2, the screen body 9 is again in an enlarged view shown.
Der Hohlkörper kann ganz oder teilweise aus hochschmelzenden Stoffen, wie etwa Wolfram, Graphit, Carbiden oder aus Oxydkeramik bestehen.The hollow body can be made entirely or partially of high-melting materials, such as tungsten, graphite, carbides or oxide ceramics.
Das Walzen von Granalien hat gegeniiber de Walzen von Blöcken u. a. den Vorteil einer geringeren Querschnittsabnahme und somit eines geringeren Energiebedarfs. Die Kosten einer entsprechenden Anlage sind geringer als die einer herkommlichen WalzenstraBe.The rolling of granules has compared to the rolling of blocks, inter alia. the advantage of a smaller reduction in cross-section and thus a lower energy requirement. The costs of a corresponding system are lower than those of a conventional one Roller line.
Bleche großer Länge können kontinuierlich gewalzt werden.Sheets of great length can be rolled continuously.
Auch lassen sich ohne Schwierigkeiten sehr breite Bleche herstellen.Very wide sheets can also be produced without difficulty.
Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist auch mit Hilfe einer Gießwalz-Maschine zu verwirklichen. Dabei wird der gasformige Stoff B einem vor einem Walzenspalt angeordneten Mundstück zugeführt, durch welches die metallische Schmelze zwischen zwei Walzen gedrückt wird. In diesem Mundttück kommt es dann zu der 6lichen Reaktion, wie sis vorstehend mit Bezug auf den rotierenden Hohlkörper beschrieben ist.The basic idea of the invention is also with the help of a casting and rolling machine to realize. The gaseous substance B is in front of a nip arranged mouthpiece fed through which the metallic melt between two rollers is pressed. The 6th reaction then occurs in this mouthpiece, as described above with reference to the rotating hollow body.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19681758186 DE1758186A1 (en) | 1968-04-19 | 1968-04-19 | Method and device for the production of dispersion-hardened alloys from the melt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19681758186 DE1758186A1 (en) | 1968-04-19 | 1968-04-19 | Method and device for the production of dispersion-hardened alloys from the melt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1758186A1 true DE1758186A1 (en) | 1971-01-14 |
Family
ID=5694899
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19681758186 Pending DE1758186A1 (en) | 1968-04-19 | 1968-04-19 | Method and device for the production of dispersion-hardened alloys from the melt |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1758186A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2512067A1 (en) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-03-04 | Pechiney Aluminium | ROTATING DEVICE FOR DISPERSION OF GAS FOR TREATING A LIQUID METAL BATH |
| DE3330232A1 (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1983-12-29 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo | A COMPOSED, QUICK-HARDENED ALLOY |
| DE3330231A1 (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1984-03-08 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo | Highly wear-resistant magnetic material |
| EP0113249A1 (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-07-11 | Alcan International Limited | Metallic materials reinforced by a continuous network of a ceramic phase |
| DE3424022A1 (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-24 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Process for producing a super-quenched alloy with secondary-phase particles dispersed therein |
| DE3424061A1 (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-24 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Method for producing a superquenched alloy having secondary-phase particles dispersed therein |
-
1968
- 1968-04-19 DE DE19681758186 patent/DE1758186A1/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2512067A1 (en) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-03-04 | Pechiney Aluminium | ROTATING DEVICE FOR DISPERSION OF GAS FOR TREATING A LIQUID METAL BATH |
| EP0073729A1 (en) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-03-09 | Aluminium Pechiney | Stirring equipment for the dispersion of gas during the treatment of metal baths |
| DE3330232A1 (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1983-12-29 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo | A COMPOSED, QUICK-HARDENED ALLOY |
| DE3330231A1 (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1984-03-08 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo | Highly wear-resistant magnetic material |
| EP0113249A1 (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-07-11 | Alcan International Limited | Metallic materials reinforced by a continuous network of a ceramic phase |
| DE3424022A1 (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-24 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Process for producing a super-quenched alloy with secondary-phase particles dispersed therein |
| DE3424061A1 (en) * | 1983-07-09 | 1985-01-24 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Method for producing a superquenched alloy having secondary-phase particles dispersed therein |
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