DE1679396A1 - Boilers for burning liquid or gaseous fuels - Google Patents

Description

Gustav Ospelt Horalwerk AG in Tadu »(Liechtenstein) Boilers for burning liquids or gases

Fuels.

The invention "relates to a boiler for firing liquid or gaseous fuels in an in essentially horizontal and surrounded by an approximately bell-shaped water jacket, closed at one end BrsDZuiammer, which is surrounded on part of its circumference by flue gas ducts, which penetrate the water jacket in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber, and before it is open Combustion chamber end one of the flue gas ducts with the combustion chamber connecting overflow chamber is arranged, which is through a removable burner opening into the combustion chamber the load-bearing lid is closed "

Ee boilers of the aforementioned design are known whose Combustion chamber the usual ©., Well-known shape of a circular cylinder has, so that at the closed end of the combustion chamber by 130 deflected combustion gas © flowing back to the open combustion chamber end through a round outlet opening from the combustion chamber formed by the open combustion chamber end step out · Then through before trö »en di © ri

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one above the combustion chamber in which the combustion chamber is housed Water room arranged liohrbundel or Jäohrpaket that from a multitude of curves in the direction of the combustion chamber axis extending, side by side and one above the other dead ears with a round or square cross-section.

The invention is based on the object in a heating boiler such a construction an improvement of the combustion gas flow and the heat transfer from the combustion gas Eating to the cheese el eater and with it an increase, the cheese

eperformance with the compact, simple construction of the Achieve boiler.

The invention beateht is, ύβώ in a boiler the type mentioned at the beginning of the combustion chamber at its open © n The end of the combustion chamber has an oval shape and is off-center to the substantially cylindrical outer wall of the water jacket is arranged so that the large diameter of this oval combustion chamber end · at a distance next to the The center of the outer wall of the water jacket lies while the small diameter of the oval end of the combustion chamber »through runs this center point, the Eauchgae channels the the larger radial width having circumferential half dee Enforce the water jacket.

Advantageously, in these boilers there are dl · flue gas ducts of pocket-shaped hollow profiles with flat », et-

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wa ovalem Ii- c *: a ^, u & recüi, ebildet, which with their large The width is essentially perpendicular to the great one i> ui'Gtunesser dee oval combustion chamber end it stand and with a » between their wide side surfaces lying spacing are arranged side by side and their large clear width continuously in the direction of flow of the combustion gases decreases

While with a circular open combustion chamber the emerging gas flow ends at its lateral areas, i.e. in the candzones which act on the outer breath gas ducts, compared to its central area, so that the outer smoke gas ducts are less strongly flowed through than the middle breath gas ducts » is the open end of the combustion chamber returning in the combustor gas stream formed by the oval shape _f that it emerges with substantially increased volume at the sites of her Ovais, ie in the region of the outer flue gas ducts. The outer breath gas channels are therefore also intensely exposed to combustion gases. acted upon and flowed through, an improved utilization of the heat exchange surface of these flue gas ducts occurs and, in particular, the risk of undercooling and corrosion is avoided in these smoke gas ducts. Practical tests have shown that the difference in the temperatures at which the combustion gases enter the middle and outer kauchgae channels is significantly lower with an oval open combustion chamber end than with the usual

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chem circular open combustion chamber end.

Furthermore, the oval shape of the open Kammerendee a widening at this end of the combustion chamber of the water space required for the arrangement of the flue gas ducts between the combustion chamber wall and the outer wall of the Water jacket-achieved so that as the outer wall of the water jacket a normal and easy to manufacture cylindrical sheet metal jacket can be used and still enough space in the water roughness just for the pocket-shaped » flat hollow profiles are present, the large clear width of which is greatest at the open end of the combustion chamber eats * The Brennka at the open end of the combustion chamber have «- merwand and the outer wall of the water jacket due to the oval Formation of the open end of the combustion chamber in a considerable Width extension is essentially the same Distance, so that similar pocket-shaped hollow profiles are provided with practically the same large clear width and with their wide side surfaces facing each other can be arranged next to each other in the storage room

Because the large clear width of the side by side arranged hollow profiles in the direction of the closed combustion chamber end becomes smaller, which is the case with the pocket-like formation the hollow profile is easy to manufacture, on the one hand a steady reduction in the clear cross-section of the Hollow profiles in the direction of flow of the gases and thus a

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isi achieved a substantially constant high speed of the cooling combustion gases, which has a favorable effect on the heat transfer and, on the other hand, enables no. the closed combustion chamber can end up with an enlarged clear section. The pocket-like, flatter and roughly oval hollow profiles have a very large surface and therefore the advantage that a sufficiently large heat exchange surface is required with just a few hollow profiles The flue gas ducts can be achieved and therefore the manufacturing costs caused by welding the flue gas ducts into the boiler can be reduced with a circular or square (cross section a hot, not or only imperfectly-utilized G _a Skern forms during the flow, so daae one as can, for example, comparable ziehten Einschiebespiralen or the like turbulators ·

■ In spite of the large boiler heating surface, which is supported by the high "poor transition values on the road to combustion" gases through the boiler aie generating a high boiler performance, if the boiler has a compact, pressure-resistant construction, so that for the pressure of the boiler water exposed boiler walls no disproportionately high * aoä strengths are required. The broad side

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surfaces of the hollow profiles can be made through transverse Corrugations are stiffened, which preferably protrude inward, so that they also affect the turbulent Have a positive effect on the flow of combustion gases in the hollow profiles "

The Jbr ennkaiuaer can advantageously be designed in this way be that their lights. Cross-section of the oval JOrm on open end of the combustion chamber gradually into the circular fora at the closed chamber ends and both combustion chambers

en
ends with essentially / the same size 'A ₁₁ I this way you can first weld a cylinder together cheaply from an ordinary square sheet metal sheet and a round bottom, which is then simply compressed into the desired oval shape in the open bath _#

There is an advantageous embodiment of the boiler in that a barrier wall is arranged at the open -örennkanBaerende, which is essentially only on the part of the breath- gasi-anal side of the large diameter of this oval combustion chamber end has an outlet opening from the The combustion chamber to the overflow chamber leaves free that in the over- strömiammer, preferably across the large diameter of the oval end of the combustion chamber, carrying boiler water Finned tubes are arranged, their tilting substantially run parallel to the gas flow, and that between the shut-off wall and cover a

The combustion tube extends through the overflow canister. ' This allows the HAUM _# of overflow chamber is exploited valuable and Kesselheizflache and the boiler • efficiency increases to a significant extent. The combustion gases, which here too leave the combustion chamber in a wide gas flow that is strong at the edge zones, are forced to travel as long as possible to the overflow chamber. to duroh-.strömmenι where they brush the finned tubes intensively and | Before they enter the flue gas ducts, they already give off their heat to the boiler water to a large extent.The tube tubes preferably stand transversely to the large diameter of the oval end of the combustion chamber, which, with the usual arrangement of the flue gas channel above the combustion chamber, corresponds to a vertical position of the tube tubes, so that in the boiler water can easily circulate. In this case, ribbed ribbed tubes, which will be explained in more detail below, prove to be particularly favorable because of their very large and effective heat exchange surface.

Further features emerge from the following detailed explanation of the invention with reference to the drawing.

In the drawing, various exemplary embodiments of a boiler according to the invention are shown, namely demonstrate

Fig. 1 is a vertical central section through the boiler;

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FIG. 2 shows a cross section according to the line II-II in FIG. 11 Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the boiler in vertical middle section i

Figure 4 "inen {fcierechnitt after 4« r Lini · IV-IV * igur) _t 5 a · more AusführungaforB de la boiler · vertical middle cut ι

Figure 6 shows a cross section along the line VI-VI in Figure 5i FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a fiippen pipe in dec Opinion;

FIG. 8 shows a cross section along the line VIII-VIII in Figure 7 | . ......

Figure 9 to 11 another embodiment βfora dar the flue gas duct β of the boiler

Heizkassel in Figures 1 and 2 has a ron a cylindrical, outer wall 1 delimited water jacket 2, In the eccentric downwards rersetst a Brennkajuier 3 is arranged. The combustion chamber 3 has a circular shape closed combustion chamber end 4 and an oral open combustion chamber end 5 x diameter of the oval open end Combustion chamber end · β 5 lies at a distance next to it, that is under the center of the outer wall 1 of the water tower 2 « while the small diameter of the oval racing kajuierendes 5 runs through this center. The di radial broad · «Mfweisende Üefaagshilft · de · Waeeeraantels 2, i.e. the one above BrennkaJiaer 3 Part d ·· Wassaraant ·! · 2, is from Rauohgaekanälan

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These flue gas channels are formed by pocket-shaped hollow profiles 6 with a flat, approximately oval clear cross-section. The hollow profiles 6 are available with their large clear width perpendicular to the large diameter of the oval combustion chamber end 5 and are their widths with an Irish Side faces are arranged spaced apart. While the clear distance between the wide side surfaces of a hollow profile lying close together remains unchanged, the large clear width of each hollow profile 6 decreases continuously in the direction of flow of the combustion gases. On the open combustion chamber at 5 are the # Brennkam- "~ mer 3 and the hollow profile 6 through an overflow caamar 7 connected to one another, which is closed by a cover 8 which carries the burner 9 protruding into the open combustion chamber end 5. The combustion chamber end 5, which is open in the combustion chamber 3, flows back is due to the oval shape of the open combustion chamber end 5 deformed into a wide gas flow that is strong and intense at the lateral edge zones, so that the outermost left and right hollow profiles 6 are also intensely affected by verf) combustion gases are applied. Due to the continuously decreasing "height of the hollow profiles 6 remains dit Speed of the cooling combustion gas β im essentially constant, so that on d'Sr · the entire length · of the Hollow profiles 6. consistently good heat transfer values can be achieved. The hollow profiles 6 can easily be made of one Make simple sheet metal strips, the torch wedge-shaped

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Cutting and bending around its length β direction and. At the butting longitudinal edges, a hollow profile with a continuously decreasing clear width results. The broad side surfaces of the hollow profiles are provided with inwardly projecting beads 10 running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the hollow profiles for stiffening. The combustion chamber 3 is "since the front oval shape gradually merges into the rear Kreiaform and both ennkarom isr it terminate substantially equal circumferential have herateilbar of a simple round bottom and a square shell plate, wherein the of the two T _e ilen cylinder formed at the open find the desired oval iorin x is compressed. The boiler has a stocky, compact and stable shape against the effects of the boiler water pressure, with a large boiler heating surface and high output.

The boiler of Figures 3 and 4 is on the open fire. chamber end 5 a, shut-off wall 20 arranged only on the side facing away from the hollow profiles 6 of the large Diameter of this oval combustion chamber end 5 an outlet * opening 21 from the combustion chamber 3 to the upper flow chamber 7 leaves free. The combustion gases are forced to about the deepest point of the Überetrömkaimer 7 in this from the Exit combustion chamber 3 and the Uberetrömkaamer 7 on as long as possible to the hollow profiles 6 tu through * stream. The Abeperrwand 20 is with one in the combustion chamber}

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opening and through the overflow channel 7 to the Cover 8 reaching burner tube 22 is provided. The shut-off wall 21 and the burner tube 22 are used as boiler water leading walls formed. In the overflow chamber 7 are transverse to the large diameter of the oral combustion chamber end it, so vertically standing boiler water carrying finned tubes arranged «These finned tubes are brushed by the high-flowing combustion gases, so that already in the over · In the flow chamber 7, an intensive heat transfer to the calorific water takes place before the combustion gases enter the hollow profiles. In this way the Überströmka * always exploited in an extraordinarily economical way » The finned tubes 23 are arranged so that the openings the hollow profiles 6 opening into the overflow chamber 7 are uncovered. In this way, after swiveling away of the cover θ the hollow profiles 6 between the finned tubes 23 can be cleaned through. The combustion chamber 3 is readily accessible below the burner tube 22 for cleaning, since there are none on the underside of the burner tube 22 Finned tubes are required

The boiler in Figures 5 and 6 corresponds in principle to the boiler in Figures 3 and * · However, here is the UberstrÖmkaamer is not part of the boiler, but part of an approximately bell-shaped Cover 30, the recess of which forms an overflow j & mer 31 on the cover 11. The cover 30 is designed as a part that conducts water, and there are also here in the

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of the upper chamber 31 standing vertically «, leading finned tubes 32 arranged. On its inside is the lid 30 with a boiler water leading! Burner"· tube 33 is provided, which extends through the overflow chamber 3I through it bit into the open combustion chamber at the end of 5 he afc red This open combustion chamber ends with a fettered wa-eer leading barrier wall 34 · provided, the essential part only on the side facing away from the hollow profiles 6 dee large diameter the see oval combustion chamber end £> an outlet opening 35 from the combustion chamber 3 to the overflow · "·

W id he lets 3'l free. ' Here, too, the combustion gases are forced to enter the overflow 31 as deeply as possible and with a broad gas flow that is powerful at the edges, and to flow through them to the hollow profiles 6 on the longest possible paths. Since the hip tubes 32 are arranged on the inside "of the cover $ 0 and can be swiveled away from the boiler with the cover 30", which is connected to the boiler by a hinge 36, the hollow profiles 6 and the open combustion chamber end £ are for Reini «

for _fc and revision purposes completely free from the front.

licn. As a result, on the inside of the lid 30 a large number of tightly spaced tilt tubes are arranged, which in the closed position of the lid 30, as iig. 6 shows, also in front of the openings the Hohlprofilö b can lie and also on the underside dea Brennerrohxee 33 given β a can «Beyond that this Kensel construction offers the wider · »large

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-; ■ '"-_-. * -Ν -. -So. Λ -« "- as at

Advantage that the overflow chamber 3I forming recess on the inside of the lid 30 as deep as desired can be dimensioned to selectively only one row of finned tubes · or according to Fig. i? two rows of finned tubes or more than welding two rows of finned tubes into the cover 30, · ο without any welding work on the boiler simply replacing the cover 30 the Keeeelleiete can be varied, for example by using of a cover with three or more rows of finned tubes "» Dear, it can be enlarged «With dieeer Heizkeaselkonetruktion The finned tube β are also better for cleaning azo accessible because the water-cooled lid without can be provided with additional cleaning openings on its outside, so that one can, from two sides, can get to the Äippen tubes. At their deepest and The highest points are the boiler water jacket 2 and the Cover 30 through pipes 37 water-bearing with one another tied together. These pipes 37 have in the Berejroh Swivel axis of the screwdriver 36 flexible metal hoses, so that you can swing the lid 30 without the boiler empty and dismantle the pipes 37 to "" ηen ·. '

So that the ribs of the finned tube · 23 C? Ig «3) b # ssiahungeweia« 52 ii'ig » 3) on iar« rg # together with «x äipp * nob * rfläche · Inteneir y or,:. > ι ·? ι V * rbreij? -u £ igeg * an (ii fee »ferl"a'h «c become able to be able to * er-d« ii -λ ι Pj. ρ ν «a" - = & --- .: ■ {;% Lha.iih? M * i. *% DeiT'iLJit-asgeor-dntty "that .alt

run essentially parallel to the gas flow. As hip tubes, which extend in the direction of gas flow, which according to FIGS. Finned tubes Application, which are characterized by an extraordinarily large heat exchange surface of the ribs with a relatively small overall diameter and an extraordinarily high heat transfer capacity. In Figures 7 and 8, an embodiment of such a 'corrugated ribbon finned tube is shown. Two elongated corrugated strips 40 and 41 are formed from two metal strips, which are wound onto the outer surface of a cylindrical tube 42 in a helical manner lying next to one another with a correspondingly adapted pitch. At their contact points with the outer surface of the tube 42, the W _e are llbänaer 40 and 41 and metallic heat-conductively connected to the tube 42nd As can be seen from FIG. 8, by using two corrugated tapes, P can easily be achieved that the ribs formed by the corrugated tapes

are offset from one another from turn to turn, ao that the corrugated ribbon ribs of each turn are intense inside and out before: the cremation alleys can be charged »

Instead of the Taachenfönaigen Hohlprafila 6 described, aue-k- cylindrical * carrot as a pick hg * a canal * - vsrt / ^ s. ^, Wens, man g «g» b «nenfaila ■ mxt ami Tort fell:. ■ - ,. -

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continuous rejuvenation of the flue gas duct in gas streams wishing to condense the direction · Advantageously · who the uie cylindrical tubes then however eo formed that in indentations forming cross-sectional constrictions are impressed on their wall, which run essentially in the circumferential direction. For this purpose, FIGS. 9 to 11 show an example of a layout a, cylindrical tube 50, in the wall of which bead-shaped or groove-shaped indentations 51 are impressed at intervals from one another »FIG. 10 shows a transverse» cut through the pipe 50 along the line X-X in FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 a longitudinal section through the pipe 50 along the line XI ~ XI in FIG a kind of grooved tube from a smooth, cylindrical tube The indentations that are easily pressed into ordinary cylindrical tubes with uncomplicated tools can have the advantage that the combustion gases are strong are whirled through and thereby intensively dissipate their heat » ben and that therefore special internals, such as twisted sheet metal strips, which were previously used with the usual smooth cylindrical tubes for the purpose of achieving gas turbulence additionally had to provide, become superfluous. You can cut two books on each cross section of the pipe. - Arrange tunnels which, as shown in FIG. 10, are diametrically opposite one another, but it is also possible, for example, to have three groove-shaped indentations distributed over the circumference of the pipe or a single, ring-shaped circumferential recess provide · (ileicheraaöen tortes are in a hurry dt

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signed Rillenrphre course for the known or other types Heizkesselkonatruk "· suitable and usable functions of the inputs mentioned type · '

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Claims (2)

Claim et 1 Boiler for burning liquid or gaseous fuels in an essentially horizontal combustion chamber surrounded by an approximately bell-shaped water jacket, closed at one end and surrounded on part of its circumference by flue gas ducts which penetrate the water jacket in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber , and in front of the open combustion chamber there is an overflow chamber which connects the flue gas ducts with the combustion chamber and which is closed by a removable cover carrying the burner opening into the combustion chamber, characterized in that the combustion chamber (.3) && its open combustion chamber end ( 5) has an oval shape and is so eccentric to the essentially cylindrical outer wall (1) of the water jacket (.2) is arranged that the large diameter of this oval combustion chamber en des (5) at a distance from the center of the outer wall Ci ) of the water jacket (2), while the small diameter of the ova len combustion chamber en des (.5) runs through this center point, the breath gas channels penetrating the circumferential half of the water jacket (2), which has the greater radial width 2. Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that daÄ the flue gas channel β of taechenföraigen hollow profiles (6) with 109815/048 6 «ad are formed with a flat, roughly oval, licit cross-section *, öle.mit their large clear width essentially perpendicular to the large diameter of the oval combustion chamber end (5) stand and with one between their wide side faces lying distance are arranged side by side, and that also the large clear width of the hollow profiles (6) in Direction of flow of the combustion gases continuously decreases ·. takes. 3 · Boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that the wide side surfaces of the Hbhlprofile (6) with transverse to Longitudinal direction of the hollow profiles-denominated, preferably inwardly protruding beads (10) are provided 4 ·· boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the Hauchgaakanäie aind formed by cylindrical tubes (50) _f isjderen wall substantially in circumference direction ν tr lau · Fende, Querschnittsv he constrictions forming indentations (51) are pushed " 5 · Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the clear cross-section of the combustion chamber (3) from the oral i'ori ta open combustion chamber en de (5) gradually into the circular · shape at the closed combustion chamber end (4) and both combustion chamber ends are essentially the same size to have" 2 - 8a 15/0485 SAD ORIGINAL / »9 ■ 6 »tieizkessel according to claim. 1, characterized in that on open combustion chamber end (5) a barrier tape (20) arranged net, which essentially only has a large diameter on the side facing away from the flue gas ducts (6) the ·· ses oval combustion chamber end ββ (5) an exit opening (21) from above combustion chamber O) ^ to upflow chamber (.7) for ·! leaves, that in the bank flow chamber (7) ι preferably perpendicular to the large air knife of the oval ürennkanamerendee (5), Finned tubes (23) for the boiler water are arranged, the ribs of which run essentially parallel to the gas flow, and that between the shut-off wall (20) and cover (8) The burner tube (22) opening into the combustion chamber (3) extends through the overflow chamber (7). 7 · Boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that Corrugated ribbed tubes (40, 4-1, 42) running essentially in the direction of gas flow perpendicular to the large diameter of the oval combustion chamber of the (3) standing in the over- Flow chamber c7) are arranged 8 · Boiler according to claim 6 or 7%, characterized in that the shut-off wall ^ 20> and the burner tube (22) are designed as parts of the bell-shaped water jacket (2) for the boiler water * 9 · Boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that the corrugated ribbon finned tubes (40, 41, 42) are "arranged" ind _t ~ 3 - 109 81S / 0 4 8 S * ^AD that the openings open into the overflow chamber (7) Flue gas ducts (6J are not covered * Rieizkessel according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the overflow chamber (31) is formed by a bell-shaped cover (30) which is designed to guide the boiler water and which is connected on its inside with finned pipes (32) tied with it _f that the burner pipe (33) as part of the Keseelwasser introducing part of the Keeselwaeeermantel (30) "is • formed and below the shut-off wall (3 ^) ι the Kesselwaeeer leading part of the Keeselwaeeermantel" (2) in the open combustion chamber end (5) protrudes and that the cover (30) can be swiveled away from the boiler by means of a hinge (36) and is connected to the Keaselwassermentel (2) in a water-carrying manner by means of pipes (37) ι the ia area of the pivot axis of the hinge (36). 109815/0485 BATH ORIGINAL L. blank