DE1646278C3 - Process for the production of moldings and coatings from explosives - Google Patents

Description

loop out (example 5). The addition of a special 2% polymethylactylate 296 cP,

their stabilizer is unnecessary.Another one with I ¹ Vo polyvinyl acetate 8IcP,

The advantage is the higher handling safety compared to 15 · / · uncrosslinked polyester 65 cP,

over the previously used nitrocellulose. with 5% polyvinylpyrrolidone 609 cP.

The amount of new thickening agents that the 5th

fusible aromatic nitro compounds respectively The molten mixtures were in cylindrical Mixtures that are added can be poured over a mold. Received after cooling can be varied over a wide range. Is it necessary to have homogeneous, solid, self-supporting bodies. If the high polymer dissolves a solubilizer, it is usually in the amount needed to dissolve it added amount. The addition of the thickener Molten TNT has a viscosity at 85 ° C and the solubilizer depends on the strength of 20 cP. Looking down from 2 · / · Polymeth-

1. According to the type and degree of polymerization of the acrylic acid methyl ester (396 cP), the viscosity of the high molecular weight compound increased, which means that ^{in 1} ^ ^{from 40} minutes to 380 cP. The cooled one C need the less of the high polymer hinzu- * ⁵ mixture has a cone at 20 ° floating point add, the higher its molecular (Consistometer according H ö he ppi) is ² cm, weight of 1000 kg /; while the TNT without the addition of a high polymer !!

2. According to the required viscosity of the to be thickened ^{under the} same test conditions, a Kegeiden compound or mixture and a pour point of about 226 kg / cm *.

3. According to the solubility properties of the solvent * "

broker. Example 3

As a large number of high molecular weight compounds, a mixture of 50% TNT and 50% dinitrogen and solubilizers suitable for thickening toluene (93 parts 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 7 parts 2,6-diist, can be achieved by choosing a certain mit- 35 nitrotoluene) melts at 43 ° C and has a vistula, its adjusted degree of polymerization, and viscosity of 18 cP. 90 g of this melt were with by the choice and the amount of the solubility ratio 10 g of a 40% solution of polyvinyl acetate middle the compound or mixture to be thickened (146.4 cP) mixed in ethyl acetate. After evaporation the desired viscosity and thus the ethylacetate on the water bath was created Set the most favorable pourability. 30 a clear, homogeneous, viscous solution. The viscosity

The addition of the new thickening agent and the dissolving agent was at a shear rate of 24.5 s ~> and a facilitator can direct to the melted temperature of 65 ° C 1360 cP. aromatic nitro compounds or mixtures thereof. However, a previous example 4 Mixing with other solid or liquid grain 35

components of the desired end product before the A low molecular weight polymethacrylic acid ester

Melting process take place. (7.64 cP) is difficult to dissolve in molten TNT.

The following examples show how this borrowed. After adding diethyl phthalate (Dimethylglyneuen swelling substances are capable of thickening fusible, aroma- kolphthalat, dioctylphthalate, tar oil or diethylditic nitro compounds, so that one gets 40 phenylurea) the high polymer dissolves clearly homogeneous liquids, which one eg by «rf. For 40 parts of TNT, about 3 parts of pouring into any desired, homogeneous volume of solution were required in order to be able to transfer 2 parts of the per. Dissolve the percentages of high polymers. Unless otherwise stated, the viscosity of these drawdowns on mixtures is a shear weight percent after about 30 minutes. _{45 gem] e of} - 55-1 _{ner to} j _e i temperature of 85 ° C

Of the polymers used, about. ⁷ W. "*". Characterization of the viscosity in a Höppler

Viscometer measured. The behind the compounds Example 5 a

said numbers indicate the viscosity of a 5% In ehi .. _'s 4-vessel, 40 parts of TNT were listed

Solution in acetone at 20 ° C: only melted with polyvinyl 50 and mixed with 3 parts of dioctyl phthalate, pyrrolidone was the viscosity of a 5% solution then 20 parts of hexogen and zuin were added with stirring Water measured. last entered 35 parts of aluminum. Well were

B e i s D i e 1 1 ^ parts of the thickener (polymethacrylic acid ester,

stirred in as in Example 4). The finished mixture

A molten mixture of the isomeric dini- 55 was stirred for a further 20 minutes and then in an above

trotoluene (93 Vo 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 7 »/ 0 2,6-dini- lockable iron pipe (40 mm 0 and 500 mm

trotoluene, melting point 60 ° C, viscosity at 65 ° C length). The explosives mixture was in

18 cP) were left on the vertical tube for another Vi hours at a temperature of 65 ° C

2% polymethacrylic acid ester (396 cP) or ^a temperature of 85 ° C. Subsequently

1 ° / o polyvinyl acetate (164.4 cP) or ^{6o was} de the mixture by adding cold water

15% of an uncrosslinked polyester (0.52 cP) (cooled in vibration-free. After 2 hours it became a solution; the solvent was sawn off - ^the column of explosives was cut into 5 parts. The individual steamed) or sections were sawed open lengthways.

5% polyvinylpyrrolidone (62.7 cP) The homogeneity of the cast in each part

it was very good. There was no separation

stirred in. The solutions all had increased viscosity of the components and no cavity formation. z. B. at a shear rate of 24.5 s ~ i Ien. The density determination of the individual partial and at a temperature of 65 ° C, cuts from top to bottom resulted in:

1.78 g / cm ^s , montan wax and 0.1 part lecithin. The well-known

1.81 g / cm *, way prepared mixture was about 30 minutes

1.81 g / c9 ³ , left to stand in an iron pipe at 85 ° C. In these times

1.81 g / cm *, the montan wax settled completely on top. Around

1.84 g / cm *. 5 to avoid this settling was the cast

Only see the mixture briefly at 85 ° C in the iron pipe-

When stirring quickly, it was advisable to allow it and then cool it with water,
set / on 0.1 part of an antifoam agent. The individual mine subsections produced in the usual manner then had the following densities: The mixture according to the invention was used to increase the behavior during prolonged heating

181 g / cm * '100 ⁰ C compared. There were 2.5 g of each

182 e / cm * 'explosives mixtures kept in a vacuum for 40 hours-1 ^ 82 g / cm *' ^{the be} 'at ^a temperature of 100 ° C. The l'84g / cm * 'vacuum apparatus is equipped with a mercury manometer

'* 15 meters provided. After the apparatus has cooled down

_R. -let determines the thickness of the evolved gas. From it

Example ii » _{] then leaves the eventue} j] amount of gas split off

In a comparative example, a TNT was calculated. The explosive mixture of Example 5 b, hexogen-aluminum mixture, which was customary up to now, splits 1.24 cm ^{3 of} gas in 40 hours, while the thickening and maintenance agents are added, while the mixture of Example 5 a does not evolve any gas. Instead of the 3 parts of the solubilizer and the one with, it is shown that the mixture according to the invention, parts of the high-polymer substance in Example 5a, has a significantly higher temperature resistance, the mixture contains 0.7 parts of nitrocellulose (N-seated than one of the previously customary mixtures with a content of 12.2%, based on dry matter), 4.2 parts of nitrocellulose as a thickener.

Claims (5)

of the components. Often these patent claims: Both conditions are not met at the same time, so that one is not completely homogeneous 1. A process for the production of molded explosives mixtures is obtained pem and coatings of explosives on the 5 These disadvantages can be avoided when using the erBasis of aro- invention method which melts without decomposition. The highly matic, explosive nitro compounds or polymeric organic mixtures free of nitro and perchlorate groups, which are characterized by these compounds, become undecomposed in that the molten aromatic melting aromatic nitro compounds are above nitro compounds with these nitro compounds ia half their melting point and below the decomposition soluble, nitro- and perchlorate-free settling temperature of the high polymers are added to high polymers in amounts of 0.1 to 20%. Viscous liquids are then obtained, preferably with a value of 1 to 5%, based on the aroma-threading consistency into which solids are obtained well-balanced nitro compounds, offset and can mix in evenly; this liquid 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, thereby making it possible to cast well and in any desired form indicates that you bring the fusible aroma form. After cooling, the z. B. table nitro compounds or their mixtures obtained by casting compounds favorable a solubilizer for the nitro- and per- plastic-like solid properties, such as. B. High polymers free of chlorate groups have a high cone pour point (Example 3). 3. Process according to claims 1 and 2, si As highly polymeric organic compounds characterized in that 2 to 20 ^e / o, meaning of the present invention apply, for example, compounds preferably 5 to 10 · / ·, based on the aroma that arise from Homo- or mixed-polymeric nitro compounds, the solubilization of unsaturated acids and their functional additives. Derivatives, e.g. B. the mono- or diesters (if 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, as saturated dicarboxylic acids) and acid anhydrides u. A., characterized in that solids are added to the mixed unsaturated alcohols or their functional swords in the molten state. derivatives, e.g. B. the mono- or diesters, the ethers 5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, inter alia, unsaturated ketones and unsaturated acetals, characterized in that the mixed but also the addition or condensation products in the molten state are an antifoam 30 products z. B. of diols and dicarboxylic acids are as medium clogs. high polymer component suitable Monomeric unsaturated acids in the context of the present invention are the acrylic acid, which in λ- or / ^ - position substituted acrylic acids, z. B. Meth 35 acrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, a-chloroacrylic acid and others, Undecylenic acid, sorbic acid, oleic acid, cinnamic acid, The invention relates to a process for maleic acid, itaconic acid and others. But also unseed-production of Fonnteilen and coatings from saturated cycloaliphatic acids, z. B. by addi-explosives on the basis of tion of dienes to unsaturated acids available without decomposition Melting aromatic, explosive nitro compounds can be used for the production of homodings or their mixtures, which are thereby used or mixed polymers, is characterized by the fact that the melted aroma- More suitable high molecular weight thickeners tables nitro compounds with in these Nitroverbin- can, for example, get from the unsaturated alcohols soluble nitro- and perchlorate-free compounds or their functional derivatives, eg. B. the High polymers in amounts of 0.1 to 20 percent by weight of esterification products of vinyl alcohols, allyl alcohol percent, preferably 1 to 5 percent by weight, bezo- hols, isopropenyl alcohol, methallyl alcohol, crotylgen, added to the aromatic nitro compounds. alcohol, etc., but also homo- and mixed- The exact amount of the high polymer to be used of the unsaturated ethers of these higher alcohols depends on the physical properties of the alcohols mentioned. Good thickeners result. When these compounds and the desired viscosity 50 examples of unsaturated ketones, their polymers of the end product. Are suitable for thickening within the named pro- or copolymers, percent data are obtained after cooling to 20, the vinyl ketones, allyl ketones and Isoprobis 30 ° C should be a homogeneous, solid body. penylketone are called. It is known that liquid, organic nitro but also the homopolymers and copolymers of the Compounds and nitric acid esters with nitro- and vinylpyrrolidones are suitable, Gelatinizing high polymers free of perchlorate groups Some of the high polymers mentioned dissolve can; In the resulting gelatin, it is difficult to get into the molten aromatic Ni solids, such as inorganic salts, light metals, and compounds. Mix in slightly by adding suitable hexogen or nitropenta solution so that a homogeneous mixture of explosives is obtained in addition to the fusible aromatic nitroman, but also compounds that are difficult to dissolve can be used can. Furthermore, it is known that meltable aromatic high polymers can be brought into solution well. When Table nitro compounds above their enamel solubilizer will, for example, add nitrocellulose, montan wax or other ester, methyldiphenylurea, diethyldiphenylrene thickeners to phthalic acid. These substances should urea, methylethyldiphynylurea, tar oil, prevent the settling of any solids that may have been added. prevent, however, they may only be used in such quantities. The use is particularly advantageous be added so that the explosive mixture remains well of the above-mentioned high polymers on the thermo-castable and at the same time no separation mix resistance of the castable explosives «« -