DE1528371A1 - Hydraulic machine that can be used as a motor or pump - Google Patents

Description

DH. ING. H. NEGBN THANKS PATBIiTAN VTALT

HAKBUHS S «· NlITlR WALL * I» · IIBHRITF M 7 «M U» D M 41 M

BOUITON PAUL AIRCRAFT IiIMITBD

Pendeford Lane, Codsall

Wolverhampton, Staffs, England December 30th, 1964

Hydraulic machine that can be used as a motor or pump

The invention relates to hydraulic machines that can be used as motors or pumps, and more particularly, however not exclusively, on a motor for operation at low speeds and high torques.

A known hydraulic machine of the type indicated contains a rotatable cylinder drum which has a number of parallel or nearly parallel to the axis of rotation Has cylinders, one arranged in each of the cylinders and piston protruding from one end of the drum, a block having an inclinable relative to the drum axis of rotation has flat surface, an inlet and an outlet opening into the flat surface, and a valve through which the pistons interact with the flat surface and which controls the flow of liquid controls between the inlet and the outlet and the cylinder »

In this known hydraulic masohine the drive shaft extends from the valve and the axis of rotation of the cylinder drum is nofisn the axis of the drive shaft

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inclined, so that there is an asymmetrical shape of the hydraulic machine results, which in some cases makes it difficult to accommodate on site. In addition, the constructive possibilities of the hydraulic machine so that the shaft is limited only by the can extend aua end lying on the valve.

The main feature of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic machine of this known type, in which the drive shaft is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the drum

lies. Another feature is that the drive or both ends

wave from one of the two ends / the hydraulic Machine can also extend.

In accordance with the present invention, a hydraulic masohine comprises a rotatable cylinder barrel having a number of arranged parallel or almost parallel to the axis of rotation Has cylinders, one arranged in each of the cylinders and piston protruding from one end of the drum, a drive shaft extending from the drum, a block, the a flat surface adjacent to one end of the drum, which is inclined or inclined against the axis of rotation of the drum, has an inlet and an outlet which extend into the open flat surface in, / a slider supported by a ball joint at the outer end of each piston is, a valve which is rotatably mounted on the block and a surface resting against the flat surface of the Slookee has another surface, which is opposite the one surface and rests against the Gleltstüoken,

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8AD ORIGINAL

Cylinder accesses extending between the two surfaces of the valve, a hydraulic passage, which extends through each of the piston and slider assemblies to provide cylinder access to the cylinder can connect, and drive means that connect the drum and the valve together so that their rotation with Similar speeds takes place, allowing each cylinder access during part of a full revolution of the cylinder drum is connected to the inlet and during another part of the complete revolution to the outlet, so that in each of the cylinders liquid enters from the inlet and is discharged from that cylinder via the outlet. "

Can the cylinders extend completely through the drum? in this pail a second piston is provided in each of the cylinders, that of the opposite end of the drum goes out, and close to that opposite end of the

is

Cylinder drum / a second block is provided, one against the block axis has inclined flat surface, and second (xlei ^ tstückmittel are provided over which the second piston are in contact with the flat surface of the second block, the inclinations of the two flat Surfaces are chosen so that during the rotation of the drum a reciprocating movement of the two in opposite directions is ensured in each of the cylinders provided piston. ·

The drive means between the drum and the valve can comprise a bevel gear drive.

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BAD ORiGINAt

have a stepped surface with which they rest against the sliding piece surface of the valve each of the recessed surfaces has a circular web, which encloses a recess, the area of which is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the associated piston, see above that the hydraulic forces on each of the first piston and slider assemblies are almost in equilibrium with one another stand and only a small hydraulic force remains, which is required to press each slider onto the slider surface serves.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of an embodiment of the invention intended for use as a low speed, high torque hydraulic motor is; reference is made to the drawings.

ig. 1 is a cross section through the engine.

Figure 2 is a cross section through the valve and block at one end of the engine and explains details of the interacting surfaces.

Reference is first made to FIG. 1. There, a rotatable cylinder drum 1 is shown, which is mounted in a housing 2, at both ends of which Blöoke 3 and 4 are attached. From each end of the cylinder drum 1 goes a

5
Drive shaft / Ijzw. 6 and is supported by tapered roller bearings 7 or

8 stored in blocks 3 and 4 ". In order to measure the total mass of the

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To reduce the motor, a Iiooh 9 can centrally through the drive shafts and the drum be drilled. A number of cylinder bores 11 are formed within the drum 1, which sioh between the two ends of the drum in a substantially parallel to the rotating shaft Extend direction. An uneven number of cylinders is preferably provided, which are evenly spaced around the rotary shaft are distributed. Two pistons 12, 13 are slidably disposed within each cylinder, one between these pistons Compression spring 14 drives the pistons out of the end of the cylinder drum on both sides. Each piston 13 is on its outer end is provided with a ball joint 15 which carries a slider 16. Each of the sliders 16 lies on a flat surface 17 dee block 3 on | the area The surface is inclined towards the pivot point of the block 1. A narrow passage extends through each piston 13 to the associated ball joint and Q-Leitstüok 15 and 16 to the ball joint and the contact surface of the sliding part to lubricate with the surface 17.

The blook 4 contains one near the cylinder barrel inclined surface 19 'on which a cylindrical hand 21 is formed. The surface 19 has tine inclination against .the axis of rotation of the drum 1, that of the inclination of the surface 17 opposite 1st * the surface 19 is flabby, and a rotatable valve plate '22 is mounted on it, which a flat valve surface that works with you 23 has. The valve member 22 bealtat another flat surface 24, which is also called Ui1jetück-Oberfläohe

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and is on the opposite side to the valve surface 23. To the circumference of the valve plate 22 is a Set of bevel gear teeth 25 formed that mesh with a corresponding set of bevel gear teeth 26 that around the capture of the adjacent end of the cylinder block 1 · These bevel gear teeth are arranged in such a way that both the block 1 and the valve plate 2 revolve exactly in synchronism their respective axes of rotation, which of course are inclined towards each other are, turn,

The outer end / of the piston 12 carries a ball joint 27, which in turn carries a sliding member 28 resting on the sliding member surface 24. A passage 29 of considerable cross-section extends through the piston 12 and the ball joint 27. The surface of the sliding piece 28 resting on the sliding piece surface 24 of the valve plate is designed as a circular web 31 which encloses a circular recess 32. The circular recess 32 has a diameter which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the piston 12, so that the action of the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder 11 presses the slide 28 with a comparatively small force against the slide surface, even when the hydraulic pressure Pressure is high This results from the counterforce of the hydraulic pressure occurring in the recess 32. Inside the valve plate, an access 33 is provided for each piston 12, which is located between the surfaces 23 and 24 of the valve plate. These accesses are equal to the beginning of the valve plate ytrttilt, and as a result of the mutual engagement of the Ktgtlradzahnβ 25 and 26 sioh that during the rotation

Cylinder drum each slider recess 32 continuously covers the access 33 associated with it. As a result of the inclination of the axes of rotation of the drum T and the valve plate 22, each slide 28 vibrates slightly on the valve surface 23 during the rotation, but the covering and the hydraulic connection with the access 33 is always maintained _{or the like}

A pair of hydraulic connections 34 and 35 are formed within the side walls of the block 4. From the connection 34, a passage 36 leads to a kidney-shaped access 37 in the block surface 19 »In a similar way, a passage 38 leads from the connections 35 to a kidney-shaped access 39, which is also formed in the surface. During the rotation of the drum 1 and the valve plate 22, each access 33 in the valve plate will alternately have connection with the kidney-shaped accesses 37 and 39. These accesses 37 and 39 are arranged so that the pistons 12 and 13 of the associated cylinder ain oh are either in their innermost or in their outermost position during the transition of each access 33 from one to the other. In Pig. 1 the accesses 37, 39, the passages 36, 37 and the connections 34, 35 appear in the cross-section through the block 4, although they are actually not arranged in this cross-section. They are shown lying in this cross-section for the sake of better understanding »Their correct position is in Pig. 2 shown · ■ ■

3? For operation as a motor is connected to one of the connections 34 and

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BATH

35 a hydraulic pressure source is connected, and the other of these connections is connected to a low-pressure zone via a Hüekleitung. It is assumed that the pressure source has been connected to connection 34. The pressure then propagates to the kidney-shaped access 37, via all cylinder accesses 33 'which are connected to the kidney-shaped access 37, and through the associated passages 29 to the cylinders 11. By the action of the pressure within these cylinders 11, the pistons 12 and 13 are pushed outwards, and the reaction forces that come into effect at one end on the inclined surface 17 and on the other end on the inclined surface 19, of which via the sliders and the pistons have a tangential component on the cylinder barrel, cause the cylinder barrel to rotate. Another essential force component exerted by the sliders 16 and 28 is in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, but this component merely creates tension in the housing 2 by which the blocks 3 and 4 are held in their relative positions to one another . The axial forces in the described embodiment are exactly the same for each pair of pistons 12 and 13 in each cylinder, with the result that on the cylinder drum 1 is substantially no hydraulic Axialbelaitung exerted * The tapered roller bearing 7 and θ hold the drum against dl "very considerable radial forces that are exerted by the Gleititüoken on the cylinder drum

be practiced in their position. The tapered roller bearings are also used to »keep the cylinder drum in the correct, for the

mutual engagement of the bevel gear teeth 25 and 26 suitable

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to keep the axial position.

The total area of each kidney shaped access 37 or 39 is chosen so that it is slightly smaller than the total cross-sectional area of the minimum number of pistons 12, which be in hydraulic communication with him at any time

In this way, the movement of a piston 12 onto a slider 28 force exerted is almost entirely transmitted by hydraulic force to the inclined surface 19, from which it results that the valve plate 22 opposes the rotation only a slight resistance to friction.

Although in the embodiment described the drive means by which the drum 1 is connected to the valve plate 22 has been described as a Paaj bevel gears, it is readily apparent that numerous other drive means can be used. For example, a small recess can be provided in the sliding piece surface of the valve plate for each sliding piece 28, the dimensions of which are sufficient to allow the slight mutual vibrations between the sliding piece and the valve plate. Duron the action of the slider · on the edges of the associated recesses, the valve plate is then set in rotation. Bine turn Another possibility is to rerkeilen the valve plate on a partially spherical projection of the drive shaft 16 extending from the Srommel 1, bo that the wedges, the valve plate with the shaft in a

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Keep the rotary joint, but allow the valve plate to sit on the block surface 19 at all times. The one shown Embodiment offers over the known engines the following advantages for low speed and high torque

a) The drive shaft can extend from both ends of the cylinder drum and drive torque B. transfer.

b) The valve takes up very little space, so that the overall dimensions of the motor can be kept as small as possible.

c) Due to the position of the valve it is possible to make a hole completely through the To extend the cylinder drum and the drive shaft and thereby the total mass of the Engine.

d) The valve does not exert any other axial pressure on the cylinder drum than the axial pressure generated by the cylinders

e) The cylinder drum can be aligned with respect to the hydraulic pressures acting fully balanced "operated

so that the cylinder drum

Bearing little or no axial pressure is exerted.

Although the described embodiment of the invention with two oppositely extending pistons in each cylinder

is provided, it is clear that it is just as possible within the scope of the invention to provide a single-ended cylinder drum, d. H. to omit the pistons 13 and the inclined surface 17 from the construction described and the To close the cylinder at their ends remote from the piston 12. In such a case it would be necessary to use thrust bearings for the cylinder drum to withstand the hydraulic axial pressure exerted on the drum.

It will also be understood that although the embodiment described is of a construction in which the inclined flat surfaces at the ends of the block are fixed in inclination, it is within the scope of the invention that either or both of these surfaces incline to make adjustable relative to the axis of the drive shaft. For example, in the embodiment described, the flat surface 17 could be formed on a wobble plate member, which is mounted on tilt pins for the purpose of executing a tilting movement, the axis of which is aligned with the axis of rotation of the drum 1. Assuming that such a swash plate would be adjustable so that its surface 17 could be inclined from the position shown in Fig. 1 to a position which is parallel to the inclined surface 19- v / .ire it is possible to use the Varilxun ^ mig of the engine of

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. - 12 -

to change a maximum value to the '.iert O, v / obei der Y / ert 0 would occur if the two surfaces 17 and 19 would work in parallel. This arrangement would be the same as above mentioned advantages a), "b), c), d) and e):.!.

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Claims (1)

DR. ING. H. THANK YOU PLTINTAUWiLT A 5 2 8 3 V 1 88 · N JS U «β WILL 411. FXHNRVV M 7 * M ITND M 41 1 BOULSOlT PAUI AIHCHAFD LIMITED Pendeford Juane, -iodosail T / olverhampton, Staffs, England 30 "December 1964 Claims Hydraulic machine that can be used as a motor or pump a rotatable cylinder drum, which has a number of to The axis of rotation has essentially parallel cylinders, one in each of the cylinders and one piston protruding from one end of the drum, a block that has a rl em one. Flat across the drum adjacent to the drum . xjxahs.Gh.H9 ά * Γ drum can be inclined,.-aii'ueiet, an outlet and an inlet that open into the flat surface, and a valve through which the pistons come into cooperation with the flat surface and the fluid flow between the üinlaß and the Au3laß and the cylinders controls, is mounted characterized by a slider (28), daa by means of a ball joint (27) at the outer end jedea piston (12), a valve (2 ?.) _t the on the block (4) is rotatably mounted and one on the flat surface (19) of the Block "abutting surface (22), another surface (24) opposite the one surface {24) and abutting the sliding pieces, cylinder ports (33) extending between the two surfaces of the valve , a hydraulic passage (29) that extends BATH ORIGINAL so through each of the piston unö. Cylinder arrangements extended, that he has the cylinder (11) with a cylinder access au is able to connect, one emanating from the drum .Drive shaft (6) and drive means (25, 26), which the Connect the drum and the valve to each other so that their rotation occurs at the same speeds, whereby each Cylinder access during a rope is complete Rotation of the cylinder drum with your inlet uni during another part of the complete revolution is connected to the outlet, so that there is liquid in each of the cylinders enters from the inlet and is discharged from this cylinder via the outlet. 2. Hydraulic!, Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinders dl) extend completely through the drum (1), that a second piston (13) is provided in each of the cylinders, which extends from opposite ends of the drum, that close to this opposite side of the cylinder drum a further block is provided which has a flat surface inclined relative to the block axis, and that sliding piece means are provided via which the second pistons are in contact with the flat surface of the second block, the inclinations of the Both flat surfaces are chosen so that, during the rotation of the drum, an opposing and reciprocating movement of the two pistons provided in the cylinder of the cylinder is produced. 3 · Hydraulic Masohine naoh claim 1 or 2, characterized 009829/0205 -> - t that the drive means between ■ the drum and the valve arranged bevel gear drive , '(25, 26). 4. Hydraulic machine n; -;. Ch one of the ^ ns.jriiche 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the first Piston (1;?.) Fastened sliders (28) a stepped Surface (31) on v / eist the other surface (24) of the valve (22) touches that each stepped surface a recess enclosed by a circular web (32), the area of which is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the associated piston (12), as a result of which the hydraulic Forces are almost balanced against each other and only a small hydraulic force for pressing the slider , remains on the other surface » 5c hydraulic machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the entire pressurized ^ surface of the inlet oiler-j / aslasses (37, 39) somewhat is smaller than the total area of the minimum jet of Cylinders (11), which su at any point in time with the inlet b ^ w. Outlet via the cylinder inlets (33) in Can be connected so that the hydraulic Forces are almost canceled out against each other and only a small hydraulic force remains with which the pistons the valve on the flat surface via the sliding pieces can press. - —.___ ⁸ - ^Λ0 0 009829 / O2O5 - 4 - - if - 6. Hydraulic llasehiiie n? \ Cli one of the J-Jisjruche 1 Toi ^ 5, characterized in that the ^ ntrie ^ sv / elle (6) can be separated from the ¹ I ¹ I ¹ OInHeI (1) r.us through a central Locli in the valve and through a sontraloa hole in the Ljlock carrying the valve he str0 0lit. 7. Hydraulic machine according to Claim 6, characterized in that that a svreite drive shaft (5) on the dem Valve (22) located at the end of the ί'_ οη! .Ϊ́ϋ1 (1) is provided is. 009329/0205