DE1509757A1 - Resilient floors and vibrating floors and processes for their manufacture and installation - Google Patents

Description

DT. EXpL i Unna, March 1, 1965

Alfred P ο e s ζ e, 4> 5 Recklinghausen, Ludwig-Richter-Str.

Hans S c h m i t ζ, 475 Unna, Parkstrasse 17

"Resilient floors and sprung floors and methods for their Manufacture and installation "

The purpose pursued by the invention consists in various Process for the production and laying of resilient floors as well as of sprung floors, also for surfaces in the open air, as well in the production of ready-to-install floor panels and resilient support bodies for these floors and other surfaces.

According to the state of the art, most of the known floors have a floor covering made of wood, linoleum, plastic, rubber and the like. which usually rests on a horizontal screed layer, which in turn on a load-bearing substrate, for example a raw concrete ceiling has been applied. With a floating screed, a special one is created above the load-bearing subsurface Intermediate layer made of sound and heat insulating material laid, on which the screed layer rests or "floats". These floors with the pavement resting on an unyielding screed are inelastic and therefore "hard to the feet", have insufficient thermal insulation, which means that they are relatively low Temperature on the surface of the pavement have a "cold effect", have poor sound insulation and tend because of their non-surface resistance to the formation of joints. Due to the heavy weight of the screed, which acts as a carrier layer for the pavement certain minimum thickness of 35 mm: obtained according to DIN regulations must and consists of building materials with a higher density the insulation materials underneath this screed layer are so heavily loaded

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and gradually compressed so much that the heat and sound insulation gets worse and worse and finally no more satisfies the building regulations.

The known sprung floors have a relatively large construction height and require a lot of material and high cost. Since the building materials of the well-known sprung floors are not weather-resistant they cannot be used for outdoor areas.

The technical task is to find new methods for the production and laying of elastic floors and vibrating floors with the desired greater elasticity as well as the production of new types of floor panels with the elimination of the screed layer and to invent the production of resilient support bodies, whereby the disadvantages outlined above are avoided and further advantages over the known are achieved.

The idea of the invention for a hygienically and technically better, in particular elastic, good heat and sound insulating, thus "warm to the feet" as well as surface-stable and remaining seamless The first floor is that instead of the rigid and hard screed, an elastic, flexible and surface-stable screed "Carrier layer ',' preferably of at least three-layer Thick plywood is chosen (for the actual pavement) '. This elastic carrier layer is also elastic over the entire surface Insulation boards or layers of insulation glued together in dots, lines or areas, with the side joints and edges of the plywood being thick preferably profiled in a wedge or parabolic shape and also glued together in a waterproof manner. On this carrier layer a suitable walking surface is glued on over the entire surface, the lateral joints of this walking surface in a known manner waterproof welded, glued or the joints are closed by a plastic, waterproof sealing material.

The plywood thickness can be fabricated with a walkway, preferably Plastic rubber, linoleum, pressed wood, glued over the entire surface and ready-to-install panels of a certain size, tailored to size, with simultaneous profiling of the edges of these floor panels be prefabricated.

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An even better elasticity of the floor, which is desirable for one high elasticity to the "spring floor"., can thereby can be achieved that the bearing timbers of a sub-floor on resilient Support bodies rest »A sprung floor with the lowest possible construction height as well as with an optimal sound and heat insulating air gap between the lower surface of the actual floor and the surface of the load-bearing sub-floor is achieved by using specially constructed floor panels that are not fully supported are able to cope with the loads that occur, just rest with their Eekflachen on these resilient support bodies.

The solution to the given task is based on the following Embodiments explained:

In Fig. 1 there is no screed layer above the load-bearing substrate 1, but a loose bed 2 made of, for example, sand, cork flour, perlite and the like. Applied with a horizontal surface, in which heating elements 3 can also be installed. On the horizontal surface of this bed 2 insulation mats 4 are with sufficient elasticity as well as good heat and sound insulation and laid with a moisture-blocking impregnation on the preferably a prefabricated, multilayer, light, flexible and elastic plate, consisting of the in this case five-layer plywood thickness 5 * which as a carrier layer for the pavement is used, and a glued-on pavement 6, preferably made of plastic, linoleum, rubber, pressed wood, is glued on. The side joints and edges of the plywood thickness have a wedge or parabolic profile and are used when laying The panels are glued together so that they remain waterproof and seamless. The side edges of the plastic walking surface have in this Trap experienced an oblique cut in such a way that at the colliding The edges of the plate form the ditch-like depression 8- " stands, which are welded in a known manner or joint and watertight is puttied out. In the case of a vertical cut of the edges of this pavement, there is an immediate seamless welding possible with a heated knife. With a pavement made of compressed wood, the joints between the individual flooring

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panels filled with a plastic sealant to make them watertight and joint-proof. The Qehschicht made of compressed wood, for example or plastic can be applied to the surface to increase the slip resistance during the manufacture of the pressed wood or the Plastic with elevations or depressions of any shape be provided.

Fig. 2 shows another embodiment for an elastic floor with wooden supports 9 and blind floor 11, the Bearing blocks on elastic support bodies Io or on a resilient support body, as shown in Figs is to rest; these support bodies in turn rest on a load-bearing substrate of any type. The new or old, smoothly planed sub-floor 11 carries the already described benen prefabricated floor panels, consisting of the five-layer plywood thickness 12 and the pavement IJ in this case. During laying, the floor slab is pinned to the blind floor 11 in a known manner by means of the concealed nail 14.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment with particularly great elasticity, 'because a resilient support body 15 of a new type of construction is used. This is a sprung floor, especially for gymnastics, gymnastics, tane, tennis and the like. As in Fig. 2, the wooden supports l6 with the blind floor 17 above them rest on the resilient support body 15 shown in Fig. 4 and 5 is shown in more detail. The already illustrated prefabricated panel made of plywood thickness 18 and a joint-tight walking surface 19, which must be weather-resistant when the floor is laid outdoors, is used as the floor panel.

The height of the air gap between the surface of the supporting sub-floor 2o and the lower surface of the blind floor 17 should be as small as possible, so that optimal heat and sound insulation is achieved. This goal can be achieved by replacing the timber and the sub-floor as well as the previously used

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NEN floor panels, new types of particularly stable panels are used, which do not require full support and are therefore laid directly with their corner surfaces on the resilient support bodies 15 without a blind floor. As a result, the height of the air gap is not greater than the height of the construction of the resilient support body 15 plus the height of the under this support body arranged insulation layer 21 according to Fig.3. Because the construction height of the new type of resilient support body Does not exceed 60 ram, the air gap between the load-bearing substrate and a floor slab that can be load-bearing without full-surface support will also be this height, which ensures optimal soundproofing. and thermal insulation guaranteed, do not exceed.

Such a particularly stable plate can preferably consist of at least four horizontal wood thicknesses glued together, which consist of wooden strips arranged next to one another, the grain direction of the wooden strips of a horizontal wood ^{thickness being offset, for example, by to 0} compared to the fiber device of the wooden strips in the wooden dioct above or below, evaluate manufactured.

The resilient support body is shown in Figures k and 5 in the visual view and in longitudinal section. Ir consists of an upper part 22, a lower part 23, the resilient material inserted between the upper and lower part, preferably of a planar thickness of compressed wood 24 of any length and thickness and the two screws 25 which connect the three parts to one another, with at least one screw the gap 26 is provided in the compressed wood thickness which is shortened in the horizontal length when it is bent. The upper and lower part are made of any material, preferably from a three-layered hardwood body in such a way that this body is cut in a circular shape in the longitudinal direction so that the lower surface of the upper part and the upper surface of the lower part represent the same section of a cylindrical surface . When subjected to a load, the pressed wood roof can only be bent until it rests completely in the cylindrical surface of the upper and lower part. Overloading is therefore impossible. By

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the length, width and thickness of the resilient material, preferably a compressed wood thickness, and the diameter of the cylinder surface in the upper and lower part, the resilient effect of this support body can be changed. The support body has only a low construction height of about 60 ram, works flawlessly, offers good mounting options and has a practically unlimited shelf life. The resilient support body can also be built for greater loads, for example by inserting two or more planar compressed wood thicknesses between the upper and lower part or one, two or more middle pieces with a surface that corresponds to the lower surface of the upper part and with a lower surface, which corresponds to the upper surface of the lower part, are inserted, with one, two or more sheet-like thick pressed wood or sheet-like bodies made of other resilient types of material being switched on between the individual bodies that transfer the load.

The more or less great elasticity of floors and vibrating floors, of standing, working, sitting, lying surfaces, stairs and the like is essentially achieved by the fact that either "in" an inelastic, rigid layer, for example the dense, hard layer in the case of the floor Eetrichschicht directly under the floor covering, for the remaining surfaces, for example, a rigid layer or rigid plate made of concrete, tiles, natural stone, wood or the like rest on a stable base, or when using blind floors or stable inelastic panels as a carrier layer for the top covering, elastic support bodies, which for example consist of an alternating layer of insulating and elastic types of material, or resilient support bodies between the inelastic carrier layers on the one hand and the supporting substrate on the other hand be switched on. In particular, the inelastic panels of the carrier layer must be connected to one another in the manner of joints or glued to one another. The usage of

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Articulated interconnected plates of limited size has the advantage over a large-area plate or a carrier layer without oil joints that the through loads Occurring vibrations do not spread over the whole area can propagate, but are broken at the glued or articulated edges of the loaded panel.

The process and mode of operation of the invention are related to the extent that the use of light, multilayered, flexible and porous, in particular natural materials and layers, which also include static layers of air, are always elastic, sound and heat insulating and therefore hygienic and warm floors, vibrating floors , Steps, standing, working, sitting and lying areas. The best mode of action, especially with floors, is achieved through multi-layered, flexible and surface-resistant, but at the same time to a certain extent load-bearing material types, including the plywood thickness, in conjunction with a changing sequence of different types of insulation materials with optimal strength, whereby heat and Sound bridges made of solid, inelastic material must be avoided. In the event of improper laying of the screed layer, for example, such bridges can be formed by damage to the insulation layer underneath.

The commercial field of application of this idea of the invention and their technical solutions extends to all types of floors, sprung floors, standing, working, sitting and lying areas and the like., on stairs as well as, in particular with regard to the thermal and sound insulation, in analogous application of the technical solutions presented above also on roof, wall, Door surfaces and the like. The resilient support body analogous to the technical design described also comes as universal "spring element" for all areas of application in question, in which loads are to be absorbed elastically or vibrations are to be damped.

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The major advances of this invention, in particular for floor UDd sprung floor., opposite the confessed are? Elimination of the screed layer, its effects of moisture on adjacent layers, especially those made of wood, as well as elimination the waiting time for the screed to set; Achievement and also long-term guaranteed fulfillment of the official Regulations for thermal and acoustic insulation in construction; because of greater elasticity, especially of the walking layer, less Fatigue, exhaustion and wear and tear in the human organism creation of weather-resistant, waterproof and seamless, elastic as well as heat and sound insulating layers, for example for standing, walking, Outdoor work surfaces and sprung floors, also for cladding roofs and external walls; lighter ones Cleaning and maintenance of the jointless and watertight surfaces, in particular for floor and suspension floors; cheaper Renewal of old floors of any kind as well as other worn surfaces; serial production of elastic, multilayered Boards, preferably made of a plywood thickness of at least three layers, with one of the intended uses adapted covering, as well as the resilient support body; easier and faster installation of the prefabricated ones Panels, including from unskilled workers; No electrical build-up due to the loss of the damp screed layer Currents and therefore no electrostatic charging of the floors, especially the plastic. If due to friction in the If there is an electrostatic charge, an electrical discharge can occur through the grounding of the plastic pavement Plastic layer can be carried out by means of metallic or other electrical conductors.

Of course, the invention is not limited to those described in detail above and shown in the figures Embodiments are limited, but there are numerous changes in accordance with the fundamental knowledge and considerations possible without deviating from the basic concept of the invention.

Claims: - 9 -

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Claims (1)

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March 1, 1965 1S09757 Patent claims: l) Process for the manufacture and installation of a) elastic, good heat and sound insulating, warm underfloors and vibrating floors with a desired elasticity of any size and other surfaces, steps and the like a light, elastic, flexible and surface-stable layer or plate, preferably at least a three-layer plywood thickness, is arranged and laid over the entire surface on, for example, dam layers or on a blind floor, which iLi ? oelcannt.er V / eise rest on load-bearing timber, concrete ceilings or the like, and that the lateral joints and edges of the plywood-thick wedge-shaped or parabolic-shaped profile and are glued waterproof and joint-free during installation, then glued on in a known manner the walking sheet made of any material, or characterized in that the multilayer Thickness of wood, preferably the thickness of plywood, in the factory with a walking surface, preferably before laying Made of plastic, rubber, linoleum, pressed wood, glued together over the entire surface to form a ready-to-install floor panel that the lateral joints and edges of the plywood thickness of this prefabricated floor panel wedge or parabolic. profiled, waterproof when laid and be glued joint-tight and at the same time point, line or flat on a horizontal floor or substrate, For example, on layers of insulation or wooden floorboards, is glued that then also the pavement by welding, gluing the edges or filling the joints with plastic sealing material a waterproof one joint-tight connection is obtained, or characterized in that _{r Λ n} - Io - BAD ORIGINAL S0982 4/0671 - Io -. March 1, 1965 aiming for a vibrating floor with the desired greater elasticity, with a particularly low construction height and with an optimal heat and sound insulation layer Floor panels with a load-bearing capacity of less than 60 mm that do not require full support only with their corner surfaces rest on resilient support bodies, the individual floor panels in a known manner on their lateral edges are connected in a joint-like manner with tongue and groove. b) elastic seating and lying surfaces, characterized., that factory-made, provided with a suitable covering, elastic or rigid plate elements are laid on elastic or resilient support bodies, which on the load-bearing Frame of the sitting or lying device are attached that the elastic panels, preferably from at least one three-layer plywood, with a glued-on covering. 2) Those who are viable, do not require full support, at least Four-layer panels according to claim 1, characterized in that they are particularly stable Panels preferably made of at least four horizontal wood thicknesses glued together, which are made of side by side Wooden strips exist that the grain direction of the wooden strips of a horizontal wood thickness preferably around 9o is offset in relation to the grain direction of the wooden strips in the wood thickness above or below, produced and that by the at least four-layer barrier in the horizontal direction a surface resistance the top layer is guaranteed and that a suitable surface covering the entire surface of this top layer is guaranteed can be glued. 5) resilient support body according to claim 1, characterized in that that between an upper part and a lower part made of any material, preferably made of a three-layer cordoned off hardwood, a flat, resilient thickness, preferably made of pressed wood or with each other 909824/0671 -H- BAD ORlGrNAL - 11 - March 1, 1965 glued veneer thicknesses, is inserted that the lower surface of the upper part the convex, the upper surface of the lower part the congruent léoncave cylinder jacket surface cutout represent that when the upper part is loaded the flat, resilient thickness is bent at most to such an extent that it fits snugly in these cylinder jacket surface cutouts of the upper and lower part rests and can not be overloaded that these three parts by, for example, two Screws are connected to each other that at least for a screw instead of a hole a gap in the resilient Thick is provided that for greater stresses two or more flat, preferably pressed wood dies between the upper and lower part are inserted that in addition one, two or more middle pieces with a surface that resembles the corresponds to the lower surface of the upper part, and with a lower surface, which corresponds to the upper surface of the lower part, and that finally between the individual the load-transferring bodies (upper, middle and lower part) each have one, two or more preferably flat pressed wood dies or flat bodies made of other resilient ones Types of fabric are arranged. 4) Floor slabs according to .Anspruch 1 and pavements according to claim characterized in that the surface of the used pavement, preferably plastic and pressed wood, already in the manufacturing process this walking surface to improve the slip resistance elevations or recesses of any type and shape. 5) Resilient floors and spring floors as well as roof and wall surfaces according to claim 1, characterized marked chn e t that by using a weather-resistant, surface-resistant covering, in particular walking surface, preferably made of plastic, rubber, pressed wood, as well as dirrch waterproof, joint-tight laying and gluing of the panels as well by impregnating the moisture-sensitive building materials, in particular the components made of wood and the resilient ones Support body, the laying and use of elastic - 12 - BAD ORSGIWAL ■■ '"' · ^.; ■ .-.: -; / 067 1: - March 12 - March 1, 1965 or heat-insulating and sound-insulating surfaces as well as vibrating floors outdoors, for example for tennis courts, sports facilities Dance floors of all kinds as well as for roofs and outer walls of Buildings is created. 6) Resilient floors and spring floors as well as other surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that that through the almost exclusive use of natural materials, especially wood, with the simultaneous elimination of an electrical one Screed layer that generates currents as well as the selection of a plastic that is not electrostatically capable of storage the risk of the creation of electrical currents and an electrostatic charge on the floor to a large extent or even completely turned off that one electrostatic. see charging caused by friction, for example the Plastic covering by grounding this plastic layer by means of metallic or other electrical conductors, preferably Tinfoil strips, copper or the like. Is eliminated. 9098: ^ / 0671 L e r s e i t e ORIGINAL INSPECTED