DE1578191A1 - Sabot bullet - Google Patents

Description

Oerlikon - Biihrle Holding AG

8050 Zurich
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Patent attorney

Dipl.-ing. H. Lesser

.. FEB 9. «67

DRIVING LAP

The invention relates to a sabot bullet with one in one Pointed projectile body and with one with guide organs sabot provided for the generation of a Geaehoss turn, the one caused by the air resistance acting on it in the plug is detachable from the projectile body, and its front part in one tapering forward, under the influence of the result of the Projectile rotation resulting from centrifugal force decomposable jacket Plastic ends into which the projectile body is inserted. "

In known sabot projectiles of this type, the tip is the one of the projectile body forward over the mantle in front. The one on his The outer side, although tapered, only surrounds the cylindrical one Part of the projectile body and forms a shoulder around it, which can be the cause of damage to the bullet tip. In many cases, such damage results from the fact that the Float bullets when inserted into the chamber of a Weapon sticking with the shoulder on a part of the weapon, whereby the cartridges are deflected from their path.

109821/009?

The object of the invention is to provide the sabot projectiles mentioned to be improved in such a way that damage to the projectile tip is avoided. According to the invention, the jacket extends to over the tip of the projectile body and is on his front end to a smaller diameter than the diameter of the projectile body is tapered.

The formation of the jacket in such a way that it ends in front of the projectile tip brings advantages in particular when made of the same Weapon as well as armor-piercing propellant ammunition Anti-aircraft ammunition is fired, whereby the cartridge length the latter can be greater than that of the former. In this case, the width of the feed channels for the ammunition belts of the longer ammunition must be designed accordingly. In the In the vicinity of the weapon, the cartridges moved against it can be caused by the return movement of the weapon in the firing direction, i.e. at right angles to it Direction of conveyance in the feed channels, to be moved back and forth. The cartridges can do this if they are shorter than the width of the Feed channels, at such a speed on the channel wall impact that the bullet tips are compressed or bent. The length of the jacket of the sabot ammunition is expedient chosen so that the latter is about the same length as the ammunition for the air defense.

•O*

The same advantage is also achieved if the sabot ammunition is transported in the same container as the other, longer ammunition in the interests of simplified replenishment, in that here too the cartridges of the shorter sabot ammunition are transported by a suitable choice of the length of the jacket
can be protected from accidents during transport.

10982 1/0092 ^{BATHROOM 0RIQINAI} -

Furthermore, the tapering of the front end of the Jacket to a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the projectile body, the advantage of a relatively small end face, for which the risk of getting stuck on a weapon part is lower than with the shoulders of the known sabot projectiles mentioned.

The application of the invention is particularly advantageous for sabot projectiles in which the projectile tips are formed by a ballistic hood placed on the projectile body. Such hoods are usually made very light, for example as a hollow body made of thin sheet metal, since they do not directly contribute to the penetration performance of the projectile body in the target. As a result of this training, such hoods are particularly easily damaged when the projectiles are fed to a weapon.

The jacket advantageously consists of a hollow body with a wall thickness of about 1 mm, which surrounds the bullet tip at a distance. A material with the following properties is suitable for all plastics: Tensile strength: 7 kg / ii? N ^? . Compressive strength; 10 kg / mm ² .

Impact strength: 3 cm kg / cm ² Elongation at break: $ 1,350. ■ Young's modulus:? 8,000 kg / cm ² .

In other cases, a foam can also be used for the jacket that surrounds the bullet tip without play.

109821/0092 "- bathroom

In the "drawing are some embodiments of the inventive sabot projectile shown. Show it:

1 shows a sabot projectile of known construction, partly in view and partly in section;

2 and 3 show a partial longitudinal section through the front part of a sabot projectile according to a first and second exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 4 shows a cross section associated with FIG. 3; FIG.

FIGS. 5, 6 and 8 are longitudinal sections corresponding to FIG according to a third, fourth and fifth embodiment;

7 and 9 are cross-sections relating to FIGS. 6 and 8;

10 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 for a sixth exemplary embodiment;

FIGS. 11 and 12 are cross-sections associated with FIG. 10;

FIGS. 13 and 14 are longitudinal sections corresponding to FIG for two variants according to FIG. 10.

10 9 8 21/0092 BAD ORlQiNAL

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In Fig. 1, the sabot is denoted by 1 and the projectile body made of tungsten carbide is denoted by 2 . The rear part of the latter is cylindrical, while the front part is formed by a truncated cone 3 with an attached cone. A permanently attached to the conical part sleeve \ brass is an improvement of ballistic characteristics of the projectile body 2 serving Iföube ^ BMB an aluminum alloy slipped, which by gluing with the - is connected to the truncated cone-3 and forms the tip of the projectile body ''. On the body 8 of the sabot 1, which is also made of an aluminum alloy, a guide band 6 made of steel and which transmits the angular momentum from the trains (not shown) in the weapon barrel to the sabot projectile is fastened. Another steel ring 7, which only serves to guide the sabot 1 in the tube, is arranged on the front part of the same. In order to save weight, the outer diameter of the part of the body 8 of the sabot 1 lying between the guide band 6 and the ring 7 is designed with a smaller diameter than its rear part 9 or the part carrying the ring 7.

In the example according to FIG. 2, the foremost part of the body of a sabot 1 designed essentially according to FIG. 1 is shown in section, whereas the bullet body 2 with the hood 5 attached is shown in a view.

The jacket 10 is designed as a hollow body which is conically shaped in the front part and extends bell-shaped towards the rear to the outer diameter of the body 8 • 'of the sabot 1, the diameter of which at the front end is significantly smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical part of the floor body 2 . This front provided with an opening 13 jacket 10 ends before Haube5 $

surrounds this at a distance and is thereby connected to the body 8, that a flange 11, which limits it at the rear and protrudes towards the inside, engages in a groove cut in front of the ring 7 on the circumference of the sabot 1. The jacket 10 thus covers the end face 12 of the sabot 1.

When moving the sabot projectile through the gun barrel the one that builds up in front of the projectile with increasing speed acts Dynamic pressure both on the inside and on the outside of the jacket 10. After the projectile has emerged from the barrel the jacket 10 under the effect of the centrifugal force acting on it and the internal overpressure, which now acts alone, is radially expanded, torn and flung away. He is no longer an obstacle represent for the projectile body 2, which moves out of the latter under the influence of a lower air resistance compared to the body 8 and move forward.

When handling and transporting the sabot ammunition, bumps and blows are directed against the ballistic hood 5 taken up by the jacket 10, but not due to its rigidity transferred to this. The jacket 10 covering the end face 12 also prevents the projectile from colliding with the end face 12 of the Sabot 1 stuck to part of the vaffe and out of his Railway is deflected.

In determining the shape of the shell 10, consideration was given then, while a cartridge is being inserted into the chamber the monkey near the attachment point of the mantle 10 on the body S no forces should act on the coat, which transversely to its surface are directed and an emergence of the flange 11 from its groove and then detaching the jacket 10 from the body 8 could result.

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As. the a second embodiment of the sabot bullet performing pig. 3 and 4 show are in the outer. surface a jacket 14 designed in accordance with FIG. 2 in regular intervals ^ angular distances three lines 15 incised before the Start flange 11 and extend to the tip of the jacket 10 and Form predetermined breaking points. However, these Kuten 15 could also be used without dGdur-ch the destruction of the shell 10 would be impaired ^ on its inside can be arranged.

1 -, V.

The segments of the jacket 10 bounded by the first l ^r > move outward during the destruction — otherwise the same as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 , by separating from one another at the predetermined breaking points 14. The segments on the flange 11 are bent outwards and then torn away from this part.

The advantage achieved with the arrangement of predetermined breaking points 14 wircl, is that the destruction of the jacket 10 at occurs on all floors in the same, predetermined quiet, and that hence the path for the projectile body separating from the sabot 1 2 free court in good time with great regularity "will-.

At 'lere through the fi. 5 shown, third execution game ^ es sabot projectile, the foremost part of the body 8 of the sabot according to FIG. 1 tapers conically towards the front and forms a truncated cone with an end face 12 and a shoulder 2J. The in its rearmost part 20 cylindrically shaped and in its front part conically tapering towards the front jacket 10 made of plastic engages behind the shoulder 23 with an inwardly projecting flange 2k which limits it at the rear. A conical inner surface adjoins the flange 24, which on the truncated cone of the body 8

10 9 8 21/00 92 _{: r B} AD

rests free of play. The coat is supported by means of a shoulder 25 on the end face 12 of the body 8. The rearmost, cylindrical part 20 of the jacket 10 has an outer diameter that corresponds to that corresponds to the inside diameter of the weapon barrel. This part of the jacket 10 thus replaces the guide ring 7 of the Pig sabot projectile. I.

The front end of the jacket 10 that extends over the top of the hood 5 extends out and has a smaller outer diameter than the projectile body 2, is through a transverse to its longitudinal axis directed, a small distance behind its front edge, with the rest of the coat consisting of a thin blanket 16 completed. The circular attachment point 17 of this ceiling 16 on the jacket 10 forms a predetermined breaking point. This cover 16 increases the rigidity of the jacket? it also prevents penetration of foreign objects between it and the ballistic hood 5 of the projectile body 2.

As a result of the acceleration to which the sabot projectile is subjected when passing through the weapon barrel, one acts to the rear Directional force of inertia on the jacket 10, which pushes it backwards, since the shoulder 25 is so dimensioned that it is under the Effect of inertia is plastically deformed. Even if that Bullet is fired from a tube that is already more worn, the inside diameter of which is therefore already larger than the outside diameter of the cylindrical part 20 of the shell 10 finds a displacement of the jacket 10 to the rear instead. During this movement along the truncated cone of the body 8, the rearmost part 20 of the Jacket 10 "widened elastically, and he lies down, again as a PUh- · serving on the inner wall of the tube.

0 9021/0092 ^BÄD

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Under the effect of when shooting inside the gun barrel on the ceiling 16 burdening dynamic pressure, this is along the predetermined breaking point 17 separated from the coat IO and thrown backwards so that now the dynamic pressure also acts on the inside of the jacket. When leaving of the sabot bullet from the pipe, the destruction of the Jacket 10 in the same way as this, for the example according to Flg. 2 has been set out.

The advantage of such an embodiment of the jacket 10 is that no steel ring has to be pressed onto the body 8 of the sabot at the front, thus eliminating the need for machining. Another "advantage is based on the fact that, with all degrees of wear and tear of a barrel from which such sabot projectiles are fired, perfect guidance of the projectile in the barrel is guaranteed due to the self-adjustment of the cylindrical part 20.

In the fourth exemplary embodiment illustrated by FIGS. 6 and 7 the body 8 of the sabot 1 is designed as in FIG. Of the Sheath 26 is made of a foam that forms the ballistic hood 5 of the projectile body 2 surrounds free of play. The foam can e.g. Rigid polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam can be used. the rear end face of the shell 26, to which a cylindrical part is then glued to the end face 12 of the body 8 of the sabot 1. The cylindrical part of the jacket closes towards the front a conical part, the blunt end of which diminishes one

Diameter, ale of the projectile body? 2, and that over the end the hood 5 protrudes. For the purpose of easier dismantling of the jacket 26 bfttro dropouts are here on the inside of the same three debit notes forming * grooves ^ O aupipepertu di © flea: «pm posterior end of Mantele close to its front "end" ritrtoken.

: t # i # it \. '■ - ■ "". BATH ORIGINAL

Such a design is advantageous in that the foam during the movement of the projectile through the weapon barrel is broken down into such small and light pieces that these after their exit per-

eonen cannot endanger them in any way.

In the fifth embodiment shown by FIGS the jacket consists of a body 29 made of foam, which is covered by a thin, for example made of polyethylene cover 33 surrounded with no play 1st. The body 8 of the sabot 1 is designed essentially as shown in FIG. At his before At the end it has a recess 31 into which the cover 33 engages, and where it is attached by gluing. The end face 12 of the body 8, on which the body 29 made of foam also stuck on 1st, has a slightly conical shape. The cover has already been shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 Wise executed, predetermined breaking points forming grooves 15 oni He extends extends beyond the front end of the hood 5 and runs into a blunt, pierced tip 32 au3, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the buttocks body 2. The body 29 made of foam has the same radial planes as the cover 33 grooves 30 forming predetermined breaking points, which extend from the rear End of the body 29 extend to near its front end.

The cover 33 here only has the task that, according to the. Softness of the foam to protect very sensitive surface of the body 29 from damage after manufacture. In the Disassembly of this combined jacket during the launch Vorertt the transition 32 and then the jSöpfWiP 2 $

In the sixth through the FIG. 10 depicted to 12 embodiment of the sabot projectile, the sabot 1 alloy by one of a 'Leicttmeta!, Eg from Perunal, existing rear body ~ *> 6, and a forwardly projecting, from a plastic, such as nylon , manufactured one-piece sleeve formed. Dieee comprises a substantially cylindrical rear part 37 and a substantially conical front part 40. The rear part 37 is provided with a radially projecting guide ring 38 and has a recess at the rear into which the stern body 36 is screwed. The recess is provided with a shoulder 35 through which a collar 34 at the rear end of the projectile body 2 is pressed against the rear body 36. The projectile body 2 is held free of play in the cylindrical part 37, the outer wall of the front end of the cylindrical part 37 serving to guide the projectile in the tube. In the inner wall of the cylindrical part 37 of the sleeve, six grooves 45 intended to form predetermined breaking points are recessed, which grooves 45 extend backwards as far as the shoulder 35 and forwards into the conical part 40.

The conical front part 40 of the sleeve forms a jacket for the hood 5 of the projectile body P, as it is essentially shown in FIG is shown. It surrounds the hood 5 on all sides at a distance and extends beyond the front end of the same. The conical one Part 40 ends at the front with an opening 39, the diameter of which is smaller is than the diameter of the bullet bodyB 2. Grooves 42 forming predetermined breaking points are arranged on the inside of the conical part 4-0 and continue the grooves 45 in the cylindrical part 37.

■ ■ ■.

During the movement of Treibspiegelgesohosses through the gun barrel with increasing the speed ahead of the projectile builds up back pressure acts on both the inside as well as on the Ausseneeite

109821/0092. '■ bad-original'

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of the conical part 40 of the sleeve. After the projectile has emerged from the barrel, the part 40 of the sleeve is expanded radially under the effect of the centrifugal force acting on it and the internal pressure that is now acting alone. The entire sleeve is torn along the flutes 42 and 45 and the shoulder 35 is removed from the collar 34 'of the projectile body 2. The latter is thus freed from the sabot and moves forward independently of it.

13 and 1h show two variants of the embodiment according to FIG. In the inner wall of the part 18, which surrounds the projectile body 2 without play, longitudinal grooves 45 forming predetermined breaking points are incorporated. According to FIG. 13, the jacket 19, which is also made of plastic, is pushed onto the front end of the part 18 of the sabot, which is provided with a conical recess 21, with elastic expansion. The firm connection of the jacket 19 to the part 18 'is ensured here by the frictional force acting between the two parts and by an adhesive connection produced by welding or gluing. The design of the jacket 19 is otherwise the same as in the example according to FIG. 3.

In the variant according to FIG. 14, the plastic is used for fastening manufactured jacket 19 in the recess 21 a running all around Groove 22 incorporated into which a bead provided at the rear end of the jacket engages. The jacket 19 is otherwise also <* ie formed in the example of FIG. j ■

BATH

109821/00 92

Claims (1)

. . . - 13 ■ - ■. ■■■ 1st sabot projectile with a projectile body tapering to a point and with a sabot provided with guide members for generating a projectile rotation, which is detachable from the projectile body due to the air resistance acting on it in flight, and its front part in a forward tapering, under the Influence of the centrifugal force arising as a result of the rotation of the bullet ends, which can be dismantled from plastic and into which the bullet body is inserted, characterized in that. the jacket (10) extends beyond the tip of the projectile body (2) and is tapered at its front end to a smaller diameter than the diameter of the projectile body. 2. Sabot bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the jacket (10) the tip of the projectile body (2) at a distance. ' i; - ■ ■ ■ "'■ surrounds. . "■ '.' ■, ■ "■" ■ - \ * ■ j5. Sabot bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that that the jacket (10) along the tip of the projectile body (2) is applied to this. 4. Sabot gear according to claim 2 or 3 »characterized in that that the jacket on a rear part (8) of the sabot that surrounds a cylindrical part of the projectile body (2) is attached and covers the end face (12) of this part. . j 5. A propellant projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the jacket and a rear part surrounding a cylindrical part of the projectile body (2) are made in one piece . 6. Sabot bullet according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that "new, to" the jacket (10) has an opening at its front end. . _{; f} * to). .-.- ■. 100W> H ^ Ί578191 7. Sabot bullet according to claim 2 or 5 »characterized in that that the jacket is closed at its front end by a breaking plate provided with predetermined breaking points. 8. Sabot bullet according to claim 4, characterized in that that the jacket (10) is on a conical part of the body (8) of the sabot is held displaceably. 9. Sabot projectile according to claim ? I characterized by a shell made of foam. ' 10. Sabot bullet according to claim 2 or 5 »characterized duroh a sheath made of a thermoplastic material. 11. ■ sabot projectile according to claim 9 *, characterized in that that the foam with a cover made of a thermoplastic Artificial mass is provided. EinrfT'i-hfartig to Continue! F. ". Ling received Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing.H * Lesser