DE1552077A1 - Method and device for connecting tubular elements - Google Patents

Description

"Method and device for connecting tubular elements" via inventions refers to processes and devices turigen for connecting Röhrl enförmiZor-metal elements for The formation of constructions differentiated from geometrical shape. Inebesender infested & lch the invention with connecting tubular members in pairs. in the x a Überlappungaabschnitt is formed, and the two elements with one another simultaneously in contact with the deformed explosive, wherein a In weaentlichen nondeformable surrounds the third element of the corresponding surface contour of one or a plurality of circumferential or partially circumferential locking ribs or grooves in the mating surfaces of the elements forms.

Currently related methods for connecting pipes, Z.8. using of threaded collars, by welding, Klemaücupplungen, USWE, are not completely zufriedenetellend. The use of threads. Grooves or the like to form a compound leads au distance in metal in the region of the connection point, wag a reduction in wall thickness and a weakening of the tube in this area has to follow; this must then be compensated for by increasing the strength of the entire pipe .

According to the invention, on the other hand, this difficulty in joining tubular elements is reduced. Hereby, a pair of tubular elements is invented under pressure contact when the two elements overlap, one of these elements being driven into intimate contact with the other element by explosive force. In order to impart tensile and torsional strength to the connection, interlocking ribs or coils are formed in the mating surfaces of both elements by deforming both elements simultaneously into contact with a third element made up of a specially designed, substantially rigid, encircling ring or baffle which forms part of the device according to the invention.

The baffle stick or anvil can have recesses on its inner surface, so that the outer member is deformed to the outside or into the depressions depressed bead-(DAS inner member also), and then a rib is formed externally on the male member. The baffle can also have ribs on the inside and the explosive internal pressure deforms the outer element over and around these ribs (and the inner element as well) and forms depressions in the outer surface of the outer elementesa. Corresponding bulges or depressions are formed on the outer surface of the inner element and of course, corresponding matching depressions or beads on the inner surface of the outer element. which are blocked in intimate contact with each other. so that the connection is given tensile strength and torsional strength. The enclosing baffle or ring may have a circumferential or circumferential arrangement of depressions or projections, continuously or discontinuously, and, since both elements are deformed simultaneously, the locking projections or ribs conform precisely to one another and to the arrangement or pattern the ring or baffle stick The baffle stick is an essentially non-deformable ring against which elements are deformed and thus adopt the contour of the inner surface of the ring. Preferably, the strength of the enclosing ring or baffle is greater than that of the tubular members so that greater tensile stress can be withstood without substantial deformation.

The elements are thus deformed in a bead-like shape outward into the turns of the ring. While the inner surface of the ring can be viewed as cylindrical with depressions or projections on the inner surface, these turns leave the surface from a real cylinder surface, but the ring can be called a non-cylindrical inner surface. The surrounding ring or pralistock can be detachable or fixed . If it is detachable, then it can consist of an arrangement of two or more parts that are pinned together closely, which are fastened around the eye element in a hinge-like manner or via wood or otherwise clamped. En can also be a single ring made of metal . which is stamped tightly over the outer element . The cross-sectional shape of the ring shows circumferential depressions or ribs in these elements similar to the contour of the inner surface of the ring. against which the elements are pressed from within by explosive force. The cross section of the ring can be part of a circle no or it may be an oval shape, wherein the convex parts project inward; But it can also be square or rectangular with rounded corners or finally a rectangle, with the projections or depressions being provided on the inner surface , eteo If the ring is not detachable, it usually has a smaller axial extension than if it were detachable . The required for deforming the members striking force due to the detonation of an L-xplosionsma9seo For tubular elements of small diameter, where only small amounts of Explosivntoff are required, the explosive mass within the inner element in direct contact, with the metal surface of the element to be accommodated. If the diameter of the elements is the required volume of the mass less than the amount that would be required to completely fill and contact the inner wall of the inner element, the explosive force of the detonation can then be transferred from the man to the elements is filled by the hie "iaehen existing annular space with the explosive shock force transmitting material reasonable, which is in intimate schlagübertragendem contact with the mass and element. the impact force transmitting medium is a means for the Schlajkratt substantially undiminished vn of the explosive source (apart from the radial divergence of) gene on any part of the workpiece to be transmitted. therefore, the axial extent of the material needs to be au only as large as the part to be deformed elements, which geröhnlich TEN with the nucleic Axialatsneasung or Ripperfanordnung of ring or Pralle tock is to be compared. custom of the two elements to be connected t s not to both are long pipes to act. One can be a short piece of pipe that is used as a coupling element or collar. In this case a pipe =. element is deformed in and with one end of the dog, another tubular element is deformed in and with the other end. The connection of the collar of the two pipe ends can be done separately or at the same time. The end of a pipe can also be widened outwards in the shape of a bell. to form an overlap area with the unexpanded end of the other tube. A rod element can also be connected to a tube element. by making or drilling a central hole in one end of the rod to form a short tubular wall which overlaps the tubular element '. Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. in which Figures 1 and 2 show, in cross-section and in an end view, two overlapping tubular elements which have been joined together by the process of the invention Pig. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1. at. the two recesses are länes.des circumference on the inner surface of an enclosing baffle ring; Fig. 4 shows a variant of the method for connecting tubular elements; Figures 5 and 6 show, in cross-section and in "the forehead, respectively," two tubular elements which are connected to one another with a tubular overlapping dog! Fig.? 8 and 8 show other variants at. the through-- management of the method according to the invention; Figures 9 and 10 are. Views, similar to Pige 1 and 30 pipe elements with a small diameter are used here knife related; the explosive mass is in direct Arranged in contact with the inner member; Figs. 11-15 show embodiments. in which the enclosing ring is not detachably and becomes a part of the Verbindungekonstruktion when the elements are deformed around the ring; Figo 16 - show further variants according to which a ring of deformable material on the intermediate element inkompregeiblen space between the two elements ifberlappenden prior to detonation is reasonable assigns 20; Fig. 21 shows in cross section a coupling arrangement for connecting longer tubular elements; Fig.22 shows in cross section an arrangement in which a pair of closed metal rings. are provided as holding means; a FIG. 23 shows in cross section another embodiment according to which a metal spiral is used as a holding means to connect lined tubular elements; Fig. 24 is an embodiment of an enclosing retaining means; Figures 25 and 26 show details. after which a porous ring is supported by the tubular coupling ; FIG. 27 shows another form of a surrounding holding means; Fig.28 and 29 show two embodiments of a coupling arrangement in which the clutch is half Within disposed of the tubular elements. Fig. 28 applies to unlined; 29 for lined, tubular elements; 30 and 31 show, in cross-section, details of the enclosing retaining device which forms a retaining structure around the outside of the tubular coupling ; 32 shows another of the locking means, and FIGS. 33 and 34 show, in cross-section or in the front view, another embodiment of the coupling arrangement.

After umpteen. 1 are shown schematically in cross section two tubes "shaped members 10 and 11 such diameter to see that they can be brought into sliding engagement with the passport-shown overlapped position. The amount of overlap is a function of the diameter of the elements, their wall thickness and other factors such as. the dimensions of the circumferential recess 15. The degree of overlap should preferably not be less than the radius of the inner element. Although there is no upper limit to the degree of overlap, it will generally not be necessary or desirable to extend the overlap over more than four times the radius of the inner element. The elements can be pipes or tubes made of the same or different metals, wall thicknesses, etc., but they are preferably made of the same material and practically the same wall thickness. Either or both of the elements may consist of rods, Fig. 21, in which a circular opening is drilled to form a tubular wall. The tubular elements ZO and 11 are usually straight cylinders, although this need not be the case. You can assume any desired cross-section, i.e. round, square, triangular, oval, etc. For reasons of convenience, the invention will only be described in connection with straight cylindrical elements. The elements 10 and 11 are surrounded by a thick-walled, practically non-deformable ring or baffle 16. This can be detachable, in that it is formed from two or more metal parts 16a, 16b, which fit together along a diametrical plane 26 and are drilled to the correct diameter and the corresponding inner surface 9, which fit into the outer element 10. These parts can be clamped. Bolts and screws 24,25 or hinge joints @ 35 (Fig. 6) are held together. The purpose of the ring or baffle 16 is to form a shape against which the overlapped layers of the elements 10 and 11 are pressed by the explosive internal pressure and are deformed into the turns of the inner surface 9 of the ring and the circumferential recess 15. In the lower part of FIG. 1 these elements are shown in their originally introduced shape and position, whereas in the upper part the shape of the elements 10 and 11 after the deformation and the contours of the surface 9 and the projection 15 are shown. A part of the element 10 is, as shown at 13a, bead-shaped into the recess 15, while the element 11 is at the same time pressed into the recesses at 14a, which are thus formed in the inner surface of the element 10. The bead 14a on the outer surface of the inner element 11 fits exactly into a corresponding recess on the inner surface of the outer element and causes a lock therewith . These locking ribs and depressions in the mating surfaces of the elements 10 and 11 serve to impart torsional and tensile strength to the connection, while the pressure seal is formed by intimate radial contact of the two surfaces due to the explosive impact force. The. Recess 15 may run the entire Umfango forth along, but can also be made in segments. The latter leads to greater resistance to a rotary movement of the two elements after the connection has been formed. Also, instead of a recess 15 in the surface 9 of the ring 16, as shown below advertising to will be the turns of ribs or protrusions. The entire ring can also consist of a single, non- detachable, toroidal metal ring around which the elements are deformed and which remains on the vertormt.en elements. Axial and radial. Atzessungen the recess 15 drench be sized so that when the element is driven into the recess 13a 10, a recess of sufficient size in the inner surface of the element 10 is present such that the inner member can be driven into the recess 11 and a entspre - A corresponding rib forms on the outer surface of the element 11 , which is locked with the recess in the inner surface of the element 10. If the recess 15 is chosen too small, it can be filled with the material of the element, but there is no adequate locking between the ribs and the recess 13a and 14a . The recess 15 (and corresponding recesses in other Nuzteranrichtungen than with this single recess) can be made with the desired shape and shape ; however, it is preferred that's the Axialabwessung at least equal to the thickness of the material from which the elements are manufactured; this should preferably be in the range of one to four times the wall thickness of the elements. The explosive impact comes from an Exploeionsm aase 17 with detonation devices 18 which are known per se in the art. Preferably , the mass 17 is elongated in shape along the axis of the elements. The mass 17 is in its position by a ring or. a short cylinder 19 made of a material which serves to guide or transfer the beater from the explosive to the inner element with minimal loss or minimal absorption. This material, which transmits the explosive force, is characterized as being essentially incompressible, deformable and non-porous. It can be a solid or a gel with sufficient strength so that the shape can be retained, for example elastomeric material, fat, wax, or the like. However, it can also be a softer gel (Jell) or a liquid which, as will be described further below, is accommodated in a thin-walled, deformable plastic capsule. It can also be an easily crumbling solid which, when the explosive mass detonates, splinters and breaks up into a fine powder. In order to transmit the impact force essentially undiminished. The transmission material must be in shock-transmitting contact with the explosive and the metal workpiece. In doing so, no major part of the path from the explosive force via the material to the air or porous element should be. Compressible material with considerable internal friction losses exist, since the strength of the transmitted impact force would be reduced. Materials like waxes. Grease, hard rubber, malleable plastic. and similar materials, as well as crumbling solids. like fine plaster mortar. can be used as this impact force transmitting material. However, they must be in firm, intimate, close-fitting contact with the mass and workpiece. Shape and dimensions of the material transmitting the impact force. serve to do this. to limit the surface of the workpiece. against which the impact force is directed. The Axtalabmessung 20 of the ring 19 should be slightly wider than the recess 15, but they need not be larger than the full width of the ring 16 z.Bo, unless for special reasons. to be discussed further below. If the ring 19 is wider than the ring 16, it tends to deform the tubes bead-like outward where they are not supported by the baffle and where it is not desirable to make the tubes bead-shaped. According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, this would be desirable. however, in some cases, which are discussed further below, again very desirable. The protruding parts 22 and 23 of the explosive mass 1? do put a certain amount of pressure on the elements. but do not influence the shape of the elements after the deformation significantly and certainly not as much as the impact force transmitted by the ring 19. The air surrounding the parts 22 and 23 is a poor impact force transmitter, so that the force reaching the inner element via the air is generally insufficient to deform the elements outside the contact area of the ring 19 with the inner element 11. The parts 22 and 23 shown for the sake of clarity have considerable dimensions. However, it is not required. that the explosive material protrude significantly beyond the surfaces of the rings made of impact force-transmitting material. The same consideration applies to the cases in which, as according to Fizo 6, two or more such rings surround the same individual volume of the striking force mass. That part of the mass which surrounds the two rings serves a special purpose in that it detonates the two ends of the; The explosive connects, while the air coupling between the explosive and the elements has less of an effect on deformation. Similarly, by introducing a porous material, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, by which short impact forces are not effectively transmitted, the element is protected against the impact force of this very part of the explosive structure. The amount and type of explosive mass required to deform the overlapped parts naturally depends on Diameter. . Thickness and material of the elements . The type of explosive mass does not matter too much, as long as it is capable of it. cause a detonation at high speed. It has been found that 25 cartridges of PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate) are sufficient. to lock two aluminum tubes with a diameter of 2.5 cm and a wall thickness of 1.6 mm against each other in this way. Even a steel pipe with a diameter of two inches and a wall thickness of 2.11 mm can be locked by deforming in this way with 50 grains of the PETN exploit. 5 and 6 show how the method according to claim 1 can be used for this purpose. to connect the ends 43 and 44 of two long tubes or tubular members 40 and 41 to a third short tubular member, collar or coupling 42. The Pralistoek 45 is considerably wider than the baffle floor 16 and covers in the GR sentlichen the gesamte_L., The Federal length 42. The ~ u $ ma8 of overlap of the Federal 42 with respect to the elements 41 and 40 based on the same considerations as in Fig 1. Two circumferential depressions 46.4? are shown which each correspond to the recess 15 in FIG. 1 and are each centered approximately over the overlapped aa sections. Each end of member 42 can have two or more rows of recesses in any desired arrangement. The explosive arrangement 54 consists of an elongated explosive mass 50 with two rings 48.49 made of impact = Y-raft-transmitting material, whereby the impact force is simultaneously passed over the two overlapped sections and this is deformed into the contour of the two depressions. The properties of the material of the rings that transmit the impact force. 48, 49 are of course the same as those of the ring 19 in FIG. 1. The explosive mass 50 can have a tubular extension 51. into which a separate detonator 52 is introduced and z.8 through wires 53. can be ignited; , all of which are known in the art and need not be discussed further. For example, the explosive mass can have a self-contained detonator or a separate detonator. The two ends of the tubes 46, 41 are separated from one another by a small distance for reasons which will be explained further below. 'The baffle stick 45, like in Pig. 6, consist in the form of two semicircular parts 45a and 45b articulated together. which fit together along a diametrical plane 34. They have projections 55 and 56. which interlock as a hinge and are drilled open. to receive the pivot 35. Only one set of bolts and screws 24.25 must be tightened. to tighten the baffle 45 around the element 42. After the deformation is complete, the baffle can be removed. by removing the nuts 25 and opening the hinged halves of the baffle. As with Fiz. 4, both the original shape and the position of the elements 540, 41 within the collar 42 (in the lower half of the figure) and the resulting deformed shape (in the upper half of the figure) are shown in FIG. It will be understood that the mating surfaces between elements 40 and 42 and between elements 41 and 42 are locked together by interlocking protrusions and depressions in the same array of protrusions and / or depressions. which is provided in the inner surface 57 of the baffle rod 4 5. Fig. 3 shows an embodiment similar to FIG. 1. However, in which the overlap length of the two elements 10 and 11 has been increased, so that a row or pattern of wells with at least two circumferential wells 28 and 29 or a larger number of shorter wells in one. predetermined arrangement of depressions is created. The middle, elongated explosive mass 32 has as many separate rings of impact force transmitting material 30, 308% as are required to transmit the impact force to the overlapped elements Rings 30, 30a are used and accordingly more than two if more than two rows of depressions are provided at a distance from one another. If, on the other hand, the depressions are close to one another in the arrangement, a single, wide ring made of achlagcraft transferring material can be used. One or more depressions and correspondingly one or more separate rings made of impact force-transmitting material can therefore be provided.

If the two tubular elements are small, the volume of explosive mass required to deform the elements can be sufficient to completely fill an axial section of the inner element. This is shown in FIG. 9. where the explosive mass 84 is in intimate contact with the inner surface of the inner element 81, transmitting the force of the sleeping force. The axial dimensions 86 are sufficient to give the impact force to a suitable length of the elements and to deform them into a bead-like shape in the recess 83 in the ring. Two or more rows of depressions 83a, 83b as shown in Fig. 10 are created for the two. or more volumes of explosive mass 84a. 84b "These can be connected to one another via a thin bridge or a connection of explosive mass 85 in order to transfer the detonation sound from volume 84b to volume 84a. The description has so far dealt with embodiments according to which a hanging or anvil can be detached the overlapped elements was attached or clamped. After the detonation, the anvil is under tension due to the external pressure of the tubular elements and vice versa.. The outer element is under pressure and presses inwards against the inner element. After loosening the nuts 25 and removing the holding device. of the baffle, the outer element tends to stretch slightly. Also, the inner element previously compressed by the outer element tries to expand outward in the same way as the outer element. If they both expand by the same amount , the joint will not be sealed In order to eliminate this possibility, however, an Al alternative procedure. shown in Fig. 11. in which the retaining ring or baffle is not detachable. The support ring can be forged. be cast, welded, machined or manufactured like a Hing with high breaking strength. It must have essentially the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the outer element, preferably with a firm sliding fit so that it can be easily brought into place. Conversely, when preparing the tubular element, e.g., element 90 in FIG. 11, the rings can be pressed into place simultaneously with the manufacture of the ring and tube 1.2 - 15. Although a ring with a shape as shown at 92 in Fig. 11 is never as strong and non-deformable as the heavy impact block 16 of Fig is stretched externally, it has an internal recess and exerts a limiting or compressive force on the outer element and keeps it in intimate contact with the inner element. The ring 92 of FIG. and if it is overstrained to a value below its breaking strength, it is stretched and can be deformed to a limited extent rmbar (compared to the deformable tubular elements). The cross-sections of the ring 92 shown in Figs. 11-15 are shown. are just a few examples of the many possible configurations of ridges and troughs or peaks and valleys that can be formed in ring 92. around which the elements are deformed. Fig. 1 shows how the ring of impact force-transmitting material 19 serves these two filth. Carried by the inner element. with whom he is in intimate contact that transmits blows. it is used to store the exploAive element. In addition, of course, it serves to transfer the force of the explosion from the explosive material to the inner element. 5 shows how it is possible to arrange the two elements 40 and 41 in the collar 42 and to leave a short gap between the ends 43 and 44. The gap can be used for the arrangement of the connection, as shown in FIG. further simplify. In the embodiment shown in Figo 4, which is similar Lich Fig. 5 is the gap between the ends of the two elements -60 -and, Erl_aztx; -ef.drttt@es element or a - fret- -62 - and - the --- expl-sstro arrangement 77 to it center. -The -clutch element-e2-l @ ttat an inside- rib 74 with - .. one .. side - di-e ^ - g * ei-ch-dem. undesirable Distance between -the-end-of - the - to #: - coupling elements is: - -The circumferential rib- i4: --- dixrrt els: -Stop and be.- delimits the position of the element e-60 and -61 within the Element Way 1-st a middle one Support ring 72 is provided, set up around the rings made of force-transmitting material 66 and 67 in the correct Keep your distance from each other; through the circumferential rib 73 can the explosive assembly 77 in a similar manner be centered so that the rings 66 and 67 in the correct position with respect to the recess 64 and 65 on Baffle 63 lie. The support ring 62 must be made of porous, impact force not exceeding supporting material z.8. Paper, compressed or cemented sawdust. Plastic foam and the like. Made be. These materials have sufficiently good mechanical niche properties to the parts of the explosive assembly 77 to be kept at a distance from each other and centered without, however, without great damping the impact force to transfer the explosive. At the Explosivanord tion 77 the explosive mass 68 is carried through the -bearing porous compressible ring 72 and the two incompatible .sible, non-porous, deformable - Rings 66, 67 forming -eine-r --- pre * t% seh @ rigid order introduced. If desired, hemispherical volumes 70 and 71 are added; the same compatible material. -as well as the arrangement from the - Tetlerr (r6: e: 6C: '7G.71 and 72 be enclosed in a thin-walled flexible plastic box or capsule 78 to increase mechanical strength during handling, etc. An opening is provided in end 71 for insertion of detonator 69 into contact with explosive 68. If desired, the inner rib 74 in the dog 62 can be Pig. 4 can be equipped with a central depression 74e (FIG. 7), which brings about the effect of two ribs 74, 74b. The intermediate recess is used for this. to lock the rib 73a of the ring 72 and the coupling collar 62 and the explosive assembly 77 for easier handling. Shipping and holding together for installation. FiQ. 8 shows another embodiment of the invention. after which an intermediate element layer made of incompressibly deformable material 1.10 is arranged in the annular space between the two tubular elements 100 and 102. As before, the two elements are inserted into each other and form a Überlappunggabschnitt, wherein the baffle Stock is brought into its place 102 and are composed of explosive mass 106 and ring brought 1o8 from schlagkraftübertragendem material to its place the explosive assembly. Is the explosive detonated? the elements are thus deformed into the shape shown at 104 and 105, the surfaces mating with one another having the thin intermediate element pocket 110. If a loose mechanical connection or a bone joint is desired, it is necessary to arrange the intermediate element layer in a removable manner. During deformation, this layer prevents direct contact between the two elements by keeping them apart by the thickness of the intermediate element layer. The layer is taken out. this creates a narrow air space that allows relative movement between the two elements. This is especially true then. when the two matching surfaces 109 are practically spherical. To create this space, the intermediate element matertal 110 made of wax or fat, $ .B. that were later removed by heat or solvents. If the incompressible intermediate element layer 110 is a thin film or layer made of plastic or rubber-like material.

so this is under pressure in the deformed state and contributes to the shaping a better pressure seal at the connection. The incompressible intermediate element layer 110 need not cover the completely matching surfaces of the elements. but only a limited circumferential band here. from. This is shown schematically in FIG. 16 shown where the incompressible intermediate element layer 15 is deformed in the middle of the Section is isolated. She separates the both layers and seals it decreases axially on both sides and is between the two elements that are in intimate mechanical contact with each other are limited. At the limited Expansion of the inter-element layer, it becomes clear. that is the locking effect the explosive force not only from the contour of the surrounding ring or baffle depends, but on the particular cross-section of the intermediate element layer. These can of course be designed together. to the necessary extent of the locking To create ribs and protrusions in the mating surfaces of the elements.

The intermediate element layer can of course consist of an O-ring 117 with a small diameter, which ideally creates a good pressure-sealing effect. This is shown in FIG. 18, while in FIG. 17 the case of two O-rings 117, 118 is indicated. Even if the intermediate element layer is in the form of a thin layer of wax. Fat or other soluble material is present. it can easily be removed from the joint after deformation by the action of solvents or heat. Other forms of this incompressible intermediate element layer can be used, for example a thin metal ring of small radial extent or a ring with. practically round or rectangular cross-section, or a spiral of thin wire with many turns, as shown at 121 in FIG. It can also be a large number of small particles or small volumes of material of irregular shape, preferably with sharp corners. such as cubes, pyramids or spheres. These parts can be made of a material of greater hardness than that of the elements and a circumferential strip or band in the overlap zone. as shown in FIG. 19 at 120. be arranged. If the two elements are driven against the outer limiting ring by the explosive impact force, the small particles are embedded in the matching surfaces of the elements, whereby an arrangement of projections and depressions is created with the particles. which effectively locks the elements together. Since these particles should just consist of hard metal, wires and rings are preferably made of harder metal than that of the elements, so that the elements are deformed around the intermediate element rings. According to the invention it comes to the use of deformable, inkompr @ ssiblerq impact force transmitting rings, for example, the rings 217a and 217b. as shown in Fig. 21, which transmit the impact force from the explosive mass 216 to a selected part of the inner surface of the elements on which the impact force is to be given, and not to any other areas. The porous ring 218, which is of a completely different type than the impact force-transmitting rings 217a and 217b, does not transmit the shock wave from the explosive mass 216, but rather absorbs it and prevents effective transmission to the central area of the collar 213, where no deformation is desired. This is one of the most important uses of the porous ring 218. Another purpose is to use it as a centering element to ensure that the elements 211 and 212, when inserted into the collar, only extend to the edge of the ring 218. The third important area of use of the god ring 218 is that it serves as a carrier for the explosive assembly 215 in the correct position within the collar 213. The coupling collar 213, on the inside of which the explosive arrangement 215 is carried, forms a coupling arrangement generally designated by reference numeral 225 in FIG. The exploitation arrangement comprises the exploitation measure 216, optionally with a detonator, which carries the two force-transmitting rings 217a, 217b and the porous ring 218. Any of these arrangements. The explosive arrangement and the coupling arrangement are individual combinations of essential elements - for connecting the tubular elements, whereby -. the -. explosive arrangement is a sub-element of the coupling arrangement. Fig. 22 'shows an embodiment based on the principles of Fig. 21. However, it differs therefrom. that is, a tubular extension is shown at one end of the EXDlosivnnaae 216 that defines a circular opening 230. A detonator 231 with electrical conductors 232 can be introduced into the opening 230 and, if the appropriate voltage is applied to the wires 232 , the explosive mass is ignited. In the following description it will be seen that the explosive mass may comprise the detornator or the detornator may be attached with the explosive mass at the time of use. FIG. 21 shows a releasable baffle 219, which baffles the coupling arrangement 225. The purpose of the baffle is to provide a support for some part of the surface of the collar 213. wherein the collar and tubular elements 211, 212 deform on the inner shape of the baffle 219 on the other parts of the surface of the collar. FIG. 22 shows another way in which this arrangement or holding device can be provided with a corresponding free space above the surface of the collar 213. At least an enclosed metal ring 233, 234 is attached over each of the overlapping areas "eg 214. These consist of metal with greater breaking strength than the metal of the elements and the collar and serve to create a circumferential rib around which the elements 211, 212 and the collar 213 are located The cross-sectional shape of the rings 233, 234 can vary and the desired arrangement of ribs and troughs can be created to provide the desired retention arrangement to best deform the elements and collar. The rings 233, 234 are preferably close together The rings remain in place as part of the connection after the deformation of the elements 211, 212 and the collar 213. The coupling arrangement according to FIG. 22 is therefore similar to the coupling arrangement 225 according to FIG of the fact that the rings 233 "234 are permanent and form part of the coupling arrangement itself. The coupling arrangement 236 is actually made up of two sub-arrangements, the coupling unit 237 comprising the collar 213 and the retaining rings 233, 234 and the explosive arrangement 235 having the carrier ring 218, the explosive mass 216 and the bearing force-transmitting rings 217a, 217b, Fig. 23 shows a modification of the in FiQ. 22 embodiment shown. In this modification, the explosive assembly 215 includes the explosive mass 244; Impact absorbing rings 246a, 246b and porous ring 247 are similar to those shown in FIG. The coupling unit 254 according to FIG. 23 is also similar to the unit 237 according to FIG. 22, apart from the fact that a spiral 251 is shown wound around the collar 250 at the location of the retaining rings 233.234. This spiral 251 is preferably made of a material of high breaking strength. This material can be a metal spring wire, which is wound in a spiral smaller in diameter than that of the collar 250, so that at. the arrangement around the collar 250 it sits tightly. It can also be desirable. e.g. by spot welding. to connect the ends 251 and 251a of the spiral to the collar 250 by welds 252 and 253. This makes it possible that both the ends and the twine turns give the collar a hold against the internal explosive pressure. The spiral with connections thus prevents a more complicated holding arrangement; also freedom is created against the outer surface of the collar 250 to a greater extent than the rings 233,234 according to Fig. 22 or the baffle 219 according to Fig. 21. The effect of the spiral-in operation, however, is similar to that of the rings and after of course after detonation the coil remains on the collar 250 and forms part of the resulting connection. Fig. 23 shows a coupling arrangement 255 with the coupling unit subassembly 254 and the explosive subassembly 215. In this figure it is shown that it is possible to use the lined tubular elements The tubular members 240, 242 have thin-walled flexible liners 241,243 which each extend beyond the ends of the members and are turned up and folded back to form cuffs 247,248. Inside the collar 250 is a plastic liner 249 provided that -the gap between the overlap areas completely bridged jerks. If the explosive arrangement is ignited, the overlapped elements 240.242 and the collar 250 are deformed together with the intermediate layers of the plastic lining and form a mutually interlocked arrangement of ribs and channels. Pia. 25 shows a modified representation of the collar and said porous ring according to Figs. 21 and 22. In the Fig. 21 .and 22 of the porous ring is pressed into its place in the collar 213 218 and is used for centering of the Federal over the ends of the tubular elements 211, 212o FIG. 25 shows a circumferential shoulder 259 on the inside of the collar 213 which serves as a stop for the elements 211, 212. The porous ring 258 is slightly smaller in diameter and is pressed into the inner surface of the shoulder 259. The shoulder 259 can be connected as part of the collar 213 or it can be a separate metal or plastic ring 260 that is pressed into place. 26 shows another embodiment at. the collar 213 has an inner circumferential groove 261 and the porous ring 262 has a corresponding circumferential rib 263. The rib 263 fits into the groove 261 and allows eing accurate insertion of the porous ring 258. In FIGS. -7 and 8 is another embodiment of the device for connecting two tubular nlemente 266.267 in colinear allotting under by overlapping with a tubular collar 268 Simultaneous V-shape due to the internal impact against the surrounding retaining device.The surrounding retaining device consists of an enclosing element that is in close contact with part of the surface of the outer of the two elements or the collar (this can be a sliding fit by hand or act a clamp fit). One observes. that the inner surface of the holding device has the same axial extent as the outer surface. $ .B. of the federal government. one can see that there is a surface pattern. a part of which is retained against the external movement due to the impact force and another part thereof is not retained against the external movement , so that deformation due to the impact force is possible. By maintaining only a portion of the outer surface of the collar takes place a deformation of the tubular parts in such a way that an arrangement is formed by interlocking ribs and mating grooves which lock the tubular parts securely against each other: the explosive device 271. within the elements 266.267 simply comprises an elongated Explosive mass 272 and surrounds the collision force-transmitting ring 273, which is fitted smoothly within the elements 266, 267. A releasable Barer detonator 275 may be connected to the ground 272nd The collar 268 forms part of a coupling unit 274, the other part of which is the two surrounding ring elements 269.270. Figure 31 shows a ring 276 of practically the same axial extent. like the collar 268. The contour of the inner wing ridge has two circumferential ribs 272e, 2'2b, which are identical to the parts of the ring elements 269.270 . The remainder of the inner surface of the ring 276 is sufficiently exposed so as not to provide any support against the bead-like movement of the collar outward. As far as the holding effect is concerned, it is irrelevant whether the two ring elements 269.270 or the larger ring 276 are used. In other words, the spaces between and around the ring elements 269, 270 form part of the surrounding holding arrangement as well as the metal elements themselves. 33 and 34 show another modification of the coupling unit and comprise the coupling collar 268 with a circumferential holding device, the spiral 279 enclosing the dog 268. The ends 279a, 279c of the spiral can be attached to the collar 268 or by pin welds 268; the end turns of the spiral can also be connected to adjacent turns of the spiral, e.g. be connected by the reft weld 81. thereby connecting end 279f to adjacent turn 279d. 27 shows yet another embodiment of enclosing retention means, indicated generally by reference numeral 288. These comprise a thin metal tube 289 which is fitted over the exterior of the two overlapped members 283,284 . The tube 289 itself is not sufficiently strong to provide a hold , but is used to hold a large number of smaller ring elements 290.291 at a corresponding distance and to produce the desired holding arrangement against the surface of the outer elements.

Fig. 28 shows a. Another embodiment of the invention, in which the coupling arrangement 298 including the coupling collar 297, the impact force-transmitting ring 1300 and the explosive mass 299 forms a single unit. which is inserted into the ends of tubular members 295,296. amount of holding agent. z.8. Rings 202,203 can be disposed on the outside of the elements 295.296 and form a support arrangement, against which the collar 297 and the elements are deformed 295.296 simultaneously by the impact force due to the explosives 299th FIG. 29 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 28, according to which the tubular elements 295,295 have inner linings 306,307 which have practically the same length as the elements. The coupling arrangement 305 differs from the coupling arrangement 298 according to FIG. 28 in that a deformable sealing arrangement 308 which surrounds the collar 297 . is provided. so that the gap 309 between the linings 306,30? is covered and sealed by the sealing devices 308. gig.24 shows another surrounding holding device 313 which, like the surrounding holding device 288 according to FIG. 27, has a thin-walled tube 310 around which a holding device is arranged in the form of a spiral 311 with many turns be attached to a metal having a high breaking strength, or another overall suitable material be formed and to the pipe 310 via facilities such as Stiftschweißungen or the like.. also, the end turns of adjacent turns of the spiral, for example, may be attached by welds 212.213. It is not on the material of the tube 31.0 , but this should have a low yield point , so that it deforms with the collar. The tube serves to hold the elements with a high yield point that form the holding device, e.g. the rings 290, 291 according to Fig. 27 or the spiral according to Fig. 24. The material from which the holding means are made is also of no importance as long as there is only a high Str corner limit owns. 'Fig. 32 shows yet another enclosing retention means. It consists of a thin-walled tube 318 corresponding to tube 289 in FIG. 27, made of metal., Plastic, or deX, may be made. This tube in the desired RD Anadnung surrounding and holding is a pattern or App order of windings 320,321 thin aua? Rn * as metal, plastic, glass, or the like. These can be in separate ring groups 319a, for example, or 319b.319c.319d be in a different arrangement as desired. The group of thin fibers in each ring possesses the movement of the tube 318 and the surrounding dog to inhibit outward a sufficient strength. The enclosing holding devices can be made of metals and plastic. Fiberglass. plastic impregnated fiberglass, or any variation or combination of these materials, consists of a single assembly. which can be used together with any number of different coupling arrangements and can be sold separately as such. If necessary, the thin tube 310 according to FIG. 24 or 318 according to FIG. 32 can be provided. The spiral 311 of Fig. 24, the end turns of which are connected to adjacent turns. is a complete and usable enclosing restraint. However, it would not be possible to provide the arrangement according to FIG. 32 without the tube 37.8, since the turns 318 then all went together. However, by molding the fiber turns 319 in plastic, the assembly would be held together and would work excellently even without the tube 31i3.

Claims (1)

patentan s pr ü o h a 1. A method for connecting two tubular metal elements, characterized in that one of these elements is introduced into the other to form an overlapping section , the overlapped ends of the two elements within an enclosing baffle stick with a cylindrical inner surface is fitted with an existing arrangement of pits, and that the outer surface of the larger of the two elements is closely with the plane of the existing recess arrangement within the overlapping portion is-Daßt; that the volume consisting of an explosive mass within the smaller of the two elements to be connected is arranged substantially in the plane of these depressions and in contact with the inner wall of the smaller element; and that the explosive mass is ignited, whereby the overlapping layers of the two elements are driven into intimate contact with one another and with the inner surface of the baffle and are deformed into the formation of a bulge , creating an arrangement of interlocking ribs and depressions in each other matching surfaces of the elements to be connected is formed. 2. The method yet claim 1, gekennaeiohnet by the äiese Explo4ivanordnung, comprises an elongated volume of the explosives composition, which is smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of this element, wherein the intermediate cylindrical space substantially non-porous, non-compressible, vertbrmbaren, impact-force-transferring material in intimate, impact force- transmitting contact with the mass and with the inner element is filled. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement consisting of depressions has at least one depression extending over the circumference. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3 ', characterized in that the axial dimension of the recess is at least equal to twice the wall thickness of the elements to be connected. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the degree of overlap of the tubular elements is chosen to be at least as great as the radius of the elements. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the degree of overlap is within the range of one to four times the radius of the elements. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the selected amount of explosive has an explosive force equal to the equivalent of. has at least 25 grains of pentaerythritol tetranitrate. B. The method of claim 1, characterized dahrch, is that the baffle enclosing Stock after molding the conjunction removed. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a thin intermediate element ring of incompressible material is placed on one of the mating surfaces of the tubular elements in the overlap area . 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized. that the intermediate element ring consists of at least one metal ring, the tubular elements being deformed around this metal ring. 11. The method according to Anspreh 9. characterized in that this intermediate element ring comprises at least one ring made of elastomeric material. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the ring made of elastomeric material comprises at least one O-ring. 13. The method according to claim g, characterized. that the intermediate element ring consists of a thin layer of material such as wax and fat. 14. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the intermediate element ring falls over a plurality of small hard particles distributed over a circumferential band. 15. A device for connecting two tubular metal elements arranged in a dtirniform manner against one another , the adjacent ends of which are overlapped with a coupling collar for the formation of overlapping sections according to the method of one of claims 1 - 14, characterized by at least one closely fitting metal ring or baffle stick which the overlapping sections surrounds; by an explosive arrangement with an explosive mass; as well as devices for folding the explosive arrangement within the coupling collar and ignition devices for the explosive mass. 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the collar is symmetrically overlapped over the opposite ends of the tubular elements and that the metal ring is made of substantially incompressible, deformable, impact force-transmitting material in intimate contact with the explosive. 17. The device according to claim 1b , characterized in that the ring of impact krait-transmitting material comprises two rings which are arranged at a distance from one another and provided symmetrically to the overlapped ends of the tubular elements. 18. The device according to claim 15, characterized by an unlaurende holding device surrounding the collar. 19. The apparatus according to claim 18, characterized thereby marked, that the holding means comprises a closely matching ring of a material having high yield strength at least. 20. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that the holding device comprises a spiral with many turns made of a material of high stretching strength. 21 * Device according to claim 15 and 17, characterized. characterized in that the device for holding the explosive mass consists of a ring which is arranged in the space between the two rings of force-transmitting material and is held on the outer surface by the coupling collar. * 22. Device according to claim 21, characterized in that the ring made of a porous. compressible. there is loose material that is incapable . To transfer impact forces. 23. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that a thin-walled, deformable outer casing tube is set up so that the space between the elements and the collar is uneven when the connecting elements are introduced into the coupling collar. . 24. The device according to claim 15. thereby tekenn " draws that the coupling from and the ends of the tubes " shaped elements to be connected and the metal rina surrounds the covenant. 25. The device of claim 15, gekhcrazeichnet characterized in that the coupling collar is adapted to be inserted into the ends of the tubular elements, sobei the metal ring that surrounds the tubular Flemente. 26. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the thin-walled lining tube surrounds the coupling collar. 27.. Apparatus according to claims 23 and 26, characterized by a plurality of turns of high yield strength fibers, which are wound around the thin-walled tube to form a holding arrangement surrounding the coupling collar. $ 2. Device according to Claim 27, characterized in that a large number of turns are surrounded by a plastic compound which holds them in a relative position to one another.