DE1482465B

DE1482465B - Device for sorting fruits

Info

Publication number: DE1482465B
Authority: DE
Inventors: Der Anmelder Ist
Original assignee: Schmidt, Peter, 8900 Augsburg

Description

1 21 2

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Sor- trieb derart zusammen, daß die Stäbe sich in senktieren von Früchten, insbesondere von Gurken, bei rechter Ebene oberhalb der Gabelzinken in Richder in etwa waagerechter Transportrichtung sich ver- tung der Seilbewegung, unterhalb der Zinken in entgrößernde Sortieröffnungen vorgesehen sind und bei gegengesetzter Richtung bewegen. Schließlich ist in der eine die Gurken um einen bestimmten Betrag 5 Förderrichtung hinter der Hebevorrichtung die Vorperiodisch voranbewegende, die Gurken vereinzelnde schubeinrichtung vorgesehen.
Hebevorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Vorzugsweise erfaßt bei der VorschubeinrichtungThe invention relates to a device for sorting together in such a way that the bars descend in the lowering of fruits, especially of cucumbers, on the right plane above the fork prongs in direction in an approximately horizontal transport direction due to the rope movement, below the prongs in desizing sorting openings are provided and move in the opposite direction. Finally, in the one conveying direction behind the lifting device, the cucumber by a certain amount 5 is provided the pusher which moves the cucumbers forward periodically and separates the cucumbers.
Lifting device is provided. Preferably detected at the feed device

Es ist bereits eine Sortiervorrichtung zum Sortie- der erste Mitnehmer die von der Hebevorrichtung auf ren von Früchten nach ihrer Dicke bekannt, die end- die Gabel abgelegte Gurke und fördert diese zu einer los umlaufende Seile aufweist, deren Abstand in io in waagerechter Richtung sich an die Gabel anschlie-Förderrichtung zunimmt. Mit dieser bekannten Vor- ßenden Sortierrinne, in der die Sortieröffnungen anrichtung ist lediglich ein Sortieren von Früchten nach geordnet sind,
ihrer Dicke möglich. Schließlich schlägt die Erfindung weiter vor, daßThere is already a sorting device for sorting the first carrier that is used by the lifting device to remove fruits according to their thickness, the end of the fork deposited cucumber and conveys it to a loosely revolving rope, the distance between which in the horizontal direction increases the fork then increases in the conveying direction. With this known Vor ßenden sorting chute, in which the sorting opening arrangement is only a sorting of fruits are arranged according to,
their thickness possible. Finally, the invention further proposes that

Es ist auch bereits eine Vorrichtung zum Ausrich- unterhalb der Sortieröffnungen voneinander geten von stangenförmigen Früchten wie Gurken, Mais- 15 trennte Sortierbehälter angeordnet sind,
kolben od. dgl. bekannt, die selbst keine Früchte Unterhalb der Seile der Zuführvorrichtung ist einThere is also already a device for aligning bar-shaped fruits such as cucumbers and corn below the sorting openings. 15 separate sorting bins are arranged,
piston or the like. Known, which itself no fruit. Below the ropes of the feeder is a

sortieren kann, sondern einer Früchtesortiermaschine Sammelbehälter vorgesehen, der zur Aufnahme von vorgeschaltet werden muß. kleinen, zwischen den Seilen hindurchfallenden Gur-can sort, but a fruit sorting machine collecting container provided for receiving must be connected upstream. small belts falling between the ropes

Es ist auch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs ge- ken dient.It is also a device that is initially used.

nannten Art zum Sortieren von Früchten bekannt, 20 Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung löst die gedie jedoch ebenfalls nur ein Sortieren nach der Dicke stellte Aufgabe in äußerst einfacher und absolut zuder Früchte ermöglicht. verlässiger Weise. Zum Durchführen einer einwand-called type for sorting fruits known, 20 The inventive device solves the gedie however, only sorting by thickness made the task extremely simple and absolute Fruits made possible. reliable way. To carry out a perfect

Mit keiner der bisher bekannten Sortiervorrich- freien Auslese ist nur ein sehr geringer konstruktiver tungen ist es möglich, Gurken oder stangenförmiges und technischer Aufwand nötig.
Gut allgemein nach Länge und Dicke genau zu sor- 25 Nachstehend wird die Erfindung an Hand der tieren. Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigtWith none of the previously known sorting device-free readings, only a very small number of constructive measures is possible, cucumbers or rod-shaped and technical effort is required.
Good to be carefully sorted in general according to length and thickness. The invention will be described below with reference to the animals. Drawing explained. It shows

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Fig. la eine Seitenansicht der Gurkensortiervor-The object of the invention is to provide a Fig. La a side view of the Gurkensortiervor-

Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die ein Sortieren von Gur- richtung, linker Teil,
ken nach Länge und Dicke ermöglicht. F i g. 1 b eine Seitenansicht gemäß F i g. 1 a, rechtsTo create a device that allows sorting of belt direction, left part,
ken according to length and thickness. F i g. 1 b shows a side view according to FIG. 1 a, right

Diese Aufgabe wird bei der eingangs erwähnten 30 anschließender Teil,This task is part of the 30 mentioned at the beginning,

Vorrichtung dadurch gelöst, daß oberhalb der Sor- Fig. 2 einen Schnitt gemäß II-II in Fig. 1,Device solved in that above the Sor- Fig. 2 a section according to II-II in Fig. 1,

tieröffnungen eine Vorschubeinrichtung für die Gur- Fig. 3 einen Schnitt gemäß III-III in Fig. 1,animal openings a feed device for the belt Fig. 3 a section according to III-III in Fig. 1,

ken vorgesehen ist, deren Mitnehmer den gleichen , Fig. 4 einen Schnitt gemäß IV-IV in Fig.l,
Abstand voneinander aufweisen und sich periodisch Fig. 5 einen Schnitt gemäß V-V in Fig. 1,ken is provided, the drivers of which are the same, Fig. 4 is a section according to IV-IV in Fig.l,
Have a distance from each other and periodically Fig. 5 shows a section according to VV in Fig. 1,

um eine gleiche Wegstrecke vorwärtsbewegen, deren 35 F i g. 6 a bis 6 d eine schematische, chronologische Größe dem Abstand der Vorderkanten der einzelnen Darstellung des Verfahrensablaufs.
Sortieröffnungen voneinander entspricht, wobei die Die Sortiervorrichtung weist endlos umlaufendeMove forward by an equal distance whose 35 F i g. 6 a to 6 d a schematic, chronological size of the distance between the leading edges of the individual representation of the process sequence.
Sorting openings correspond to each other, whereby the sorting device has endlessly revolving

Sortieröffnungen in verschiedenen Gruppen mit je- Förderseilei auf, die mit Hilfe von nebeneinanderweils innerhalb der gleichen Gruppe konstanter liegenden Seilrollen 2,. welche jeweils verschiedene Länge und, in Förderrichtung gesehen, innerhalb 40 Durchmesser aufweisen, so angetrieben und umeiner Gruppe zunehmender Breite gestaffelt sind, . gelenkt werden, daß sie ,das Profil einer die zu sor- und wobei die Länge der Sortieröffnungen der in tierenden Gurken aufnehmenden Rinne bilden (vgl. Förderrichtung gesehen hintereinanderliegenden Fig. 2). Über der Förderrinne sind in bekannter Gruppen anwächst, wobei die Sortieröffnungen mit Weise zwei sich drehende Gummiräder oder Gummi-Verschließorganen versehen sind, die jeweils wäh- 45 walzen 4 angeordnet," die die Längsausrichtung der rend der Vorwärtsbewegung der Vorschubeinrich- Gurken in der Förderrinne bewirken. Unterhalb des tung geschlossen und in der übrigen Zeit geöffnet ersten Abschnitts der Förderrinne befindet sich ein sind, wobei der Vorschubweg der Mitnehmer jeweils Sammelbehälter 3, in den Gurken hineinfallen, deren um einen festen, gleichbleibenden Betrag vor den ■ : Durchmesser kleiner ist als der Abstand der die Vorderkanten der Sortieröffnungen endet. 50 Förderrinne bildenden Förderseile 1. Dieser AbstandSorting openings in different groups with each conveyor rope, which with the help of juxtaposed rope pulleys 2, which are more constant within the same group. which each have different lengths and, viewed in the conveying direction, within 40 diameter, are driven and staggered by a group of increasing width,. be directed that they form the profile of a to be sor- and the length of the sorting openings of the cucumbers receiving channel in animal (see. Conveying direction seen one behind the other Fig. 2). Above the conveyor trough grows in known groups, the sorting openings being provided with two rotating rubber wheels or rubber closing organs, each of which rolls 4, "which effect the longitudinal alignment of the forward movement of the feed device cucumbers in the conveyor trough . Below the device closed and the rest of the time open the first section of the conveyor trough is located, the feed path of the drivers each collecting container 3, into which cucumbers fall, whose diameter is smaller than the by a fixed, constant amount before the ■: diameter Distance between the front edges of the sorting openings ends. 50 conveyor ropes forming the conveyor trough 1. This distance

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, daß eine an beträgt beim geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiel etwa sich bekannte Zuführvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, die 20 mm. Gurken mit einer Dicke von 20 mm oder aus mindestens drei endlosen, über Rollen geführten weniger, die als sogenannte Cornichons bezeichnet Seilen besteht, wobei die Seile in gleicher Richtung .,;.,._:werden, brauchen nicht nach ihrer Länge sortiert zu parallel umlaufen und miteinander das Profil einer 55 werden. '■-■"' It has been found to be advantageous that a feed device, which is known to be approximately 20 mm, is provided in the illustrated embodiment. Cucumbers with a thickness of 20 mm or at least three endless ropes guided over rollers, which are called gherkins, the ropes in the same direction.,;.,. _: do not need to be sorted according to their length to run parallel and to be the profile of a 55 with each other. '■ - ■ "'

Förderrinne bilden. Eine solche Förderrinne ist durch Die in der Förderrinne in Förderrichtung weisen-Form conveyor trough. Such a conveyor trough is characterized by the

die deutsche Patentschrift 850 127 bekannt. Bei der den Gurken werden so weit transportiert, bis sie an erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, ist iiri an die Zu- den Spitzen der Zinken einer festen Gabel 5 anliegen, rührvorrichtung anschließenden Bereich eine fest- Die Zinken der festen Gabel 5 sind zueinander parstehende Gabel angeordnet, deren Zinken parallel zu 60 allel angeordnet und liegen jeweils senkrecht oberden Seilen der Zuführvorrichtung in geringem Ab- halb der Förderseilei und parallel zu diesen. Die stand oberhalb derselben verlaufen. Es ist ferner im Zinken sind ebenfalls in Art einer Rinne angeordnet, der Zuführvorrichtung zugekehrten Bereich der Gabel Zwischen die Förderseile 1 und die Zinken der festen eine Hebevorrichtung vorgesehen, welche in den Gabel 5 greifen die Finger einer Hebevorrichtung 6 Zwischenräumen zwischen den Zinken der festste- 65 (vgl. F i g. 3), die an einer Parallelogrammführung henden Gabel parallel zu diesen verlaufende, unter- (vgl. Fig. 1) geführt ist und bei der Drehung der halb der Seile miteinander verbundene Stäbe auf- Parallelogrammarme angehoben und in Förderrichweist. Die Hebevorrichtung wirkt mit einem Kurbel- tung bewegt wird. Diese Hebevorrichtung 6 nimmtthe German patent specification 850 127 known. In the case of the cucumbers are transported so far until they reach device according to the invention, is iiri on the tips of the prongs of a fixed fork 5, Stirring device adjoining area a fixed The prongs of the fixed fork 5 are mutually parallel Fork arranged, whose prongs are arranged parallel to 60 alleles and are each perpendicular above the Ropes of the feeding device in a small distance from the conveyor rope and parallel to it. the stood above the same. It is furthermore in the prongs are also arranged in the manner of a gutter, The area of the fork facing the feed device Between the conveyor ropes 1 and the prongs of the fixed a lifting device is provided, which the fingers of a lifting device 6 grip into the fork 5 Gaps between the prongs of the fixed 65 (see FIG. 3), which are attached to a parallelogram existing fork running parallel to this, under- (see. Fig. 1) is guided and when rotating the half of the ropes connected rods raised on parallelogram arms and pointing in the direction of conveyance. The lifting device works with a crank when it is moved. This lifting device 6 takes

Claims

3 43 4

when lifting the each in front of the prongs of the fixed F i g. 6 a) taken, and it moves with fork 5 lying cucumber and transports it at a speed which is preferably higher than a, seen in the conveying direction, rear area of the movable conveyor chute, in a semicircle of the fixed fork 5, where they again is filed. The shaped arches according to FIG. 6 a to the right. It has always proven to be advantageous that the movable prongs of the fixed fork 5 touch the cucumbers with their right tip. As a result, the device 6 twice the feed speed is sufficient that the right tip of the cucumbers has independent of the movable conveyor trough. The lifted from its length always on the same place of the cucumber is then placed on the lifting device 6 in the conveying direction. See the fixed, rear part of the fixed fork 5 stored, and fork 5 continues in a sorting chute 8, over io the prongs of the lifting device 6 dip between which a feed device 7 is arranged. This the conveyor ropes 1 and the prongs of the fixed feed device 7 consists of a parallel to the fork 5 downwards. Finally, the lifting-sorting chute 8 reaches the extending support rod on the device 6 after passing through a lower circle two tabs 7 a provided with elongated holes 7 b again arc back to their extreme left point (see set, which extend vertically upwards. 15 FIG. 6a) and takes at the completion of its Kreisln the elongated holes 7 b are the bolts by rotating the next sheet, c displaceably arranged by the prongs of the solid cash levers 7. Retained on the fork 5 cucumber with upward-bottom currency of the support rod of the Vorschubeinrich- rend it mittung same time that cucumber upward 7 driver 7 are attached d that takes in its they advance to the rear part of the mold to the V -shaped profile of the sorting chute 8 20 fixed fork 5 had deposited. The rear cucumber a and the fixed fork 5 are adapted. When turning, like the front cucumber b, the lever Ic according to FIG. 1 placed counterclockwise on the fork 5 (see. Fig. 6c). The cucumber b meaning is the feed device first lowered, then has reached a position on the fixed fork 5 until the drivers 7 d rest on the fixed fork 5 or the further transport with the drivers 7 d on the sorting chute 8. Causes a further DRE 25 of the feed device 7 as shown in FIG. 6d hung the lever 7 c, 7 d in that the driver allows the right. The cucumbers are with, in the sorting channel according to FIG. 1 viewed to the right comparable conveying direction, the rear sides of the top Mitsch and finally back from the contractor Sortiemnne 7 7 d of the feed device about the Sorausgehoben. animal openings 10 with the flaps 9 pushed. the

In the Sortiemnne 8 are openings 10 α to 10 d 30 feed device 7 is arranged so that then,

present, which can be closed with flaps 9 a to 9 d when it is at the right end point (see

are. Below the openings are the cucumbers and 6) its movement has arrived

Sorting container 11 assigned to opening sizes. Each with its left tip up to approx. 20 mm in front of the

Flaps 9 a to 9 d are controlled in such a way that they push the left edge of the individual sorting openings,

end of the resting of the driver of the feed 35 If the feed device 7 now rises and

device 7 are always closed and move back together to the left (see. Fig. 6b and 6c),

with the fixed part of the sorting chute 8 passing through then open the flaps 9, which are up

Sliding surfaces for the various sorting openings 10 α bis which have been shifted in the Sortiemnne there

Form cucumbers. When lifting the feed mechanism 10 d kept closed,

tion 7 upwards, the flaps are opened. 40 Due to the opening dimensioning and arrangement

The sorting openings are in the illustrated recess, the cucumbers can be according to length as well as

management example staggered in two groups, whereby the diameters are also sorted. Is both

within each group the length of the opening, for example that with its left tip, is about 20 mm

is stant. The length of the openings 10 a, 10 b and 10 c located next to the unken edge of the opening 10 α

is therefore the same, also the length of the openings 45 cucumber is more than 20 mm longer than the opening, then

equal to the second group, the last opening of which is 10d when the feeder moves forward

is also shown in the drawing (FIG. 1); the device is transported until you find one of your

The length of the openings of the second group is greater than the length of the corresponding opening group and one of their

than that of the first. Within the first group width corresponding sorting opening within this

takes, as has also been achieved from the drawing (see. Fig. 1) so group, and it then falls through the

can be seen, the width of the individual openings matching the sorting opening in the underlying

9 a to 9 c viewed in the conveying direction. Also in sorting bins. On the other hand, if the cucumber is in hers

the second group then takes the width in conveyor length to match the first opening group

direction to. In Fig. 1 only the last opening is made after it is due to its too large

of this second group. 55 thickness cannot fall through the first opening 10 α ,

The sorting process proceeds as follows (cf. up to the second opening 10 & or the third opening Fig. 6a to 6d): The cucumbers to be sorted are conveyed 10c and then fall into the corresponding movable area underneath formed by the conveyor ropes 1 Sorting bin.
Conveyor trough poured and in this trough lengthways It is possible to align it according to the desired. The first of the aligned cucumbers 60th degree of sorting accuracy any application is then transported on to the tines of the fixed fork 5 number of sorting groups with the same number of sorting groups and held by these tines in their sorting opening lengths and within the individual position (cf.Fig. 6 d). Then groups of increasing sorting opening widths reach in front of the prongs of the lifting device 6 between the watchers.

Hoisting ropes and the prongs of the fixed fork and lift the first, until then, from the fixed one

Fork S gripped cucumber. The lifting fork 6 has 1. Device for sorting fruits,

for this purpose their extreme left position (cf. in particular of cucumbers, in which roughly horizontal

In the right transport direction increasing sorting openings are provided and in which a lifting device is provided which periodically moves the cucumbers forward by a certain amount and separates the cucumbers, characterized in that a feed device (7) for the cucumbers is provided above the sorting openings, the drivers (Jd) of which are have the same distance from each other and periodically move forward by the same distance, the size of which corresponds to the distance between the front edges of the individual sorting openings (10 a, 10 b, 10 c, 10 d) from each other, the sorting openings in different groups with each within the same Group of constant length and, seen in the conveying direction, are staggered within a group of increasing width and the length of the sorting openings of the groups lying one behind the other as seen in the conveying direction increases, the sorting openings being provided with closing elements, each during the forward movement the feed device (7) are closed and open the rest of the time, the feed path of the drivers (7 d) ending in each case by a fixed, constant amount in front of the front edges of the sorting openings.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a known feed device is provided which consists of at least three endless, over rollers (2) guided ropes (1), the ropes running parallel in the same direction and with each other the profile of a Form a conveyor trough and a fixed fork (5) is arranged in the area adjoining the feed device, the 7m of which run parallel to the ropes (1) of the feed device at a slight distance above the same and in the area of the fork facing the feed device the lifting device

(6) is provided, which in the spaces between the prongs of the fixed Fork (5) running parallel to these rods connected to one another below the ropes (1) has, which by means of a crank drive in the vertical plane above the prongs in the direction the rope movement, move below the prongs in the opposite direction, and where The feed device (7) is provided behind the lifting device (6) in the conveying direction.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the feed device

(7) the first driver (7 d) detects the cucumber deposited on the fork (5) by the lifting device and conveys it to a sorting channel (8) adjoining the fork in the horizontal direction, in which the sorting openings (10 a, 10 b , 10 c, lOd) are arranged.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that below the sorting openings separate sorting containers (11) are provided.

5. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that below the ropes (1) of the feed device a collecting container (3) for holding small ones falling through between the ropes (1) Cucumber is arranged.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings