DE1481091A1 - Lifting and lowering device as an additional device for tractors or similar vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DIpI. iRß. F. ^ 3fn:; r; £ ni, Dr. In ₃ . A. Welckmanil

8 ii ^ iiciiSii 27, KShistrafie 22

BOlQOBD & BVERSHED LIMITED, SaIford Priors, Evesham,

Worcestershire, England

Lifting and lowering device as an additional device for tractors or similar vehicles

The invention relates to lifting and lowering devices and devices for coupling tools for tractors or similar vehicles; the devices may, for example, be a muzzle loader or represent part of such a device for an agricultural tractor.

According to the invention, the lifting and lowering device for a tractor or a similar vehicle consists of a lifting frame and devices for lifting the lifting frame from one level to another, as well as guide elements for guiding of the lifting frame only during the first lifting section, whereby the lifting frame during operation in the first lifting section is essentially is moved in a straight line, while in the second lifting section of the lifting frame or at least the frame part, which is directly is connected to the lifting devices, is moved in a known manner around a fixed point in the arc.

949808/064 *

The guide elements preferably run vertically or practically, vertically, whereby the lifting frame can be moved vertically or practically vertically during the first lifting section.

In one embodiment of the invention, the guide elements consist of at least one set of rollers rigidly attached to beams connected to the vehicle, facing each other and cooperating with a curved web which is attached to the lifting frame so that the frame in operation during at least part of the first lifting section remains vertical or practically vertical and is shielded during the entire or during said part of the first lifting section against all horizontal forces and all moments acting about a vertical axis. If more than a single set of rollers is used, the sets of rollers are distributed across the vehicle and a corresponding number of curved webs are provided.

The preferred work equipment for lifting the lifting frame is two hydraulic working cylinders (or cylinder pairs) are provided and a number of levers for connecting the working cylinders with the lifting frame, the first working cylinder during the first stroke section and the second working cylinder comes into operation during the second stroke section. if the working cylinders are provided in pairs, a pair of cylinders acts together; the individual cylinders of a cylinder pair are equal to each other and share the burden. The levers are then also provided twice. In one embodiment of the invention, the first lifting section runs while extending

909805/06 ^ 6

of the first working cylinder and the second lifting section with retraction of the second working cylinder. Here, the first working cylinder can be connected to a movable frame between its ends, one of which is connected to the lifting frame and the other to the fixed point; the second working cylinder can be connected to the joined ends of two short levers, the other end of one short lever to the lifting frame and the other end of the other short lever between the ends of the movable frame and thus connecting the lifting frame and the connection the first working cylinder is guided to the movable frame ; lu-ini operation with the first working cylinder retracted and the second working cylinder extended, the first working cylinder is extended to perform the first stroke section and remains extended during the second stroke section, while the second working cylinder, which was extended during the first stroke section, is retracted to carry out the second stroke section. If the working cylinders are provided in pairs, as mentioned above, the lever mechanisms between the working cylinders are double lifting frames.

The lifting and lowering device is preferably with a parallel crank drive provided that a tool with the lifting frame at a constant angle of inclination with respect to the ground during both stroke sections or that keeps the tool connected during a stroke section or both stroke sections moved within a predetermined angular range relative to the ground.

909805/0648

In one embodiment of the invention, there is a parallel crank drive provided with a lifting frame and at its free end attached or attachable tool; characteristic of this Design is that the parallel crank drive is divided into sections, each of which in a known manner as Parallel crank drive can work and the section of which to which the tool is attached or can be attached, has a hydraulic working cylinder as a transmission part, which can be extended or retracted to the tool during its lifting or lowering movement relative to the base a to issue variable but predetermined angular movement.

Preferably, the transmission section on which the tool works 1st attached, as a parallel crank drive, if the working cylinder is in the retracted position.

If a shovel or a similar tool is used, this includes, if it is close to the ground, preferably only a small maximum angle of, for example, 5 ° (in the digging position) with the ground surface, whereby the scraping angle of the tool is limited; After the tool has been raised η to its highest position above the ground, this Uaximalwinkel can be increased so that the tool is able to throw off a load. Preferably, the maximum angle of the tool can be relative to the ground without operating dee la this transmission section arranged Arbeitβzylinder "in the raising and lowering of the larger tools biw" collapse. '

■. ■■ '.-M

909805/0641

The invention also provides a device for coupling of tools that can be used together with the lifting and lowering device. In one form of the coupling device one or more forks are provided, each of which has a releasable connecting element which is associated with an Connecting element cooperates on the tool; the connecting elements allow pivoting movements between the tool and Fork (s) around the upper tool part; a releasable lock is provided for engaging the lower tool part; attacking takes place when lifting the fork (s), for example by means of the lifting frame, naoh, the effectiveness of the fasteners. A hollow tube is preferably used for aligning a larger one, if necessary Number of forks used.

The releasable lock is preferably held in its locking position by spring force; the lock expediently has a hook which is attached to the coupling device and which interacts with a component which is attached to the tool; Hook and the part on the tool

contact locking iup together when the tool a small piece has been widely lifted from the ground, the tool rotates ligtngewioht 8 ¹ ion to its the connecting elements of the Qmbel (s).

2weokmäaige.vvelse are auxiliary facilities, e.B. a leash, ^ • r seen when the lock can be opened so that subsequently the tool from the coupling device

An exemplary embodiment for the construction of a lifting and lowering device according to the invention, intended as an additional device, is described below with reference to drawings which show the following:
Fig. 1: a side view of the device with the lifting frame.

in its most lowered position; Fig. 2: a side view of the device shown in Fig. 1,

However, the lifting frame at the end of the first lifting section; W FIG. 3: a side view of the device shown in FIG. 1 with the lifting frame completely raised;

Fig. 4: Bottom view under the guide means with which the Lifting frame is guided during the first lifting section;

Fig. 5: perspective view of a coupling for attachment of the lifting frame;

Fig. 6: perspective view of the rear of a loading shovel, with the aid of the coupling according to Fig. 5 on the Hubk frame is attached.

Figures 1 to 4 show that an agricultural Tractor, c dfxen a front wheel 10 and front body 12 are drawn, with one attached to its front Lifting frame 11 is equipped on the one described in the hler Embodiment a strolling shovel 61 is attached; Instead, a strolling sign, a scraper, a platform or a similar device must be attached

..-;, BATH

909605/0641

The lifting and lowering device for the frame 11 works in. two sections: a pair of hydraulic rams 13 is used for the first lifting section and for the second section a pair of hydraulic rams 14 used; the lifting cylinders, each pair of cylinders are identical to one another, and a cylinder is arranged on each side of the device. Each working cylinder 13 is at its lower end 16 - here Both the cylinder and the piston can be arranged to be rotatable attached to a subframe, which in turn is firmly connected to the structure 12 of the tractor; with his upper

At the end of each working cylinder 13 is attached to a movable frame, one end of which is pivotable at 18 with the lifting frame and the other end of which is fixedly attached at 19; the point 19 remains stationary during the entire lifting process of the lifting frame. The junction of the working cylinder 13 and frame 15 lies between attachment points 18 and 19 this framework. When the piston is moved in the direction out of the cylinder at the Arbe its cylinders 13, the rotates Frame 15 about its fixed axis 19 clockwise, if one takes into account the representation according to Figure 1; the lifting frame 11 is thereby moved upwards.

Guide parts (Figures 1 and 4) limit the mentioned upward movement of the lifting frame during the first lifting section to a movement along a path that holds the lower frame section in a vertical plane. In the embodiment described here, the guide parts -e4 »e * · on both sides of the [

909805/0648

The front part of the tractor structure 12 each has a carrier 20 (only one of which is shown), which is "fastened by a bracket 21; each carrier 20 receives a roller 28 which is rotatable about a horizontal transverse axis. On each carrier 2o is furthermore A carrier extension is articulated by means of a pin 23a, on which a second second roller 27 is arranged, also rotating around a horizontal transverse axis; the transverse axes of the rollers are parallel to one another. On the inside W of each side part of the lifting frame 11, a curved web 26 is attached which runs through, touching, the rollers 27 and 28 during the first stroke section. The rollers 27, 28 are designed in such a way that they absorb the torsional loads.

keep that on the hub frame 11 as a result of Arbelt ens the leveling bucket be transferred when collecting the soil. The rollers 27, 28 also serve as a support to the Druckbelmstungen reverse that in the movable frame 15 by the forward movement of the tractor caused when the dozer blade is led into the ground. Furthermore is a regarding each Support 2o fixed buffer 7o provided, which is intended to absorb side loads; the buffer is wiped on the carrier attached to the rollers 27, 28 and cooperates with the adjacent edge of the web 26.

Each carrier extension, and thus the roller 27 attached to it, is resiliently held in its working position, i.e. in the drawn position; while lifting the lifting frame 11 the associated web 26 is thereby effectively guided between the rollers 27,28 until it is between the carriers 25,2o ran out.

909805/0648

_ ₉ _ H81Q9T

During the lowering of the lifting frame 11, the webs guided between their respective rollers 27,28, at the same time the carrier 23 and the rollers 27 are a little against the resilient elements moved, which then during the remaining lowering movement effective guidance of the webs is achieved.

In this example, the webs 26 from their roles 27, 28 lifted out after only part of the first stroke section has passed; then the lifting frame continues its movement in a practically vertical direction due to its own weight, a pivoting movement of the frame about point 18 takes place. Then when the working cylinder 13 is fully extended are, the second section of the lifting movement can begin, which is carried out with the aids described below. Each hydraulic working cylinder 14 is rotatably arranged at one end 29, and this end maintains a fixed distance of the structure 12 of the tractor during operation of the lifting device a; the other end of the cylinder 3o is connected to one end of the short lever 31,32. The other ends of these levers 31,32 are with the lifting frame 11 at a point next to the connection point 18 of the movable frame 15 with the frame 11 connected (lever 31) or with the movable frame 15, next to dem.Verbindungspunkt 18 of the frame 15 (lever 32). During operation the working cylinders 14 are fully extended, when the lifting frame is in one of the two in FIGS and 2 positions shown, and because of the arrangement

-lodes point 29 this location throughout the movement of the Device from one position to the other (Figures 1 and 2) remains. Conversely, the piston rod is the cylinder 14 fully retracted when the lift frame is fully raised is (Fig.3). So that means that the cylinder 14 in opposite The way cylinder 13 works. The second section of the stroke movement is therefore caused by retraction of the cylinder 14 executed, with the cylinder 13 extended to the maximum If necessary, this sequence of operations can be automatic be controlled by between the cylinders 13 and the cylinders 14 a hydraulic circuit of known type in such Way is established that the cylinder 13 extended and then retracted the cylinder 14 after actuation of a control lever will. The lifting frame can then be returned to the position according to FIG. 1 by first removing the cylinder 14 extended and then the cylinder 13 retracted.

An advantage of the construction described is that the lifting device provides bracing during the first lifting section against horizontal forces or moments about a vertical axis and the lifting device is still fully extended Condition has the normal range.

The lifting frame 11 of the lifting device described is also provided with a parallel crank drive, with the help of which the Bucket 61 or other tool attached to the frame during both sections of the lifting process parallel to the

909805/0648

Ground is held. The design of this parallel crank drive can be seen from Figures 1 to 3 and is explained below.

The parallel crank drive is located on both sides of the lifting device in similar structure; it is sufficient to describe one of the two transmissions. The first section of this gear consists of the movable frame 15 and a lever 5o of the same length; Frame and lever are at their ends by lever arms 51,52 of the same length connected at points 18, 19, 53 and 54. These connection points thus represent represent the four corners of the first transmission section, and the two points 19, 53 have one that cannot be changed with respect to the tractor Location. Since the lever 5o has the same length as the movable frame 15 and is parallel to it, causes any movement of the cylinder caused by the extension and retraction of the working cylinder 13 connected to the movable frame 15 Point 18 a corresponding movement of point 54.

The second gear section consists of the lifting frame 11 and a lever 55, one end of which at point 57 with a Extension 56 of the lever arm 51 is connected, while the other end is connected at 59 to one end of a lever 58 is; the other end of the lever 58 is connected at 60 to a point between the ends of the frame 11. The distance between points 18 and 60 corresponds to the length of the lever 55, i.e. the distance between the points 57 and 591 and the connection jplmd · between points 18

909805/0648

and 60 lies parallel to the straight line between points 57 and 59. Each movement of point 60 therefore leads to one same movement of point 59.

The third and last section of the transmission is formed by the shovel 61, which is connected at point 62 to one end of a working cylinder 63 and also to the lower end of the lifting frame 11 at point 64. The other end of the working cylinder 63 is connected to the lever 58 at the already mentioned point 59, and the points 62, 64 and 59 are so placed that, together with the point 60, they form the four corners of a third parallelogram when the working cylinder 63 drafted 1st; The parallelogram can be seen most clearly in FIGS. 1 and 2. · _#

The working cylinders 63 of the two parts of the third gear section are operating simultaneously, and therefore the shovel 61, as long as the working cylinder 63, as shown in the figures, remains retracted, remains in the same position relative to the ground at every level into which it is due to the failure of the working cylinder 13 and / or retraction of the working cylinder 14 is lifted. The transmission can thus work in the usual catfish. Conversely, the position of the shovel changes relative to the ground when it is raised or lowered as soon as the working cylinder 63 is extended. The advantages of such a mode of operation are explained below. For each working cylinder 63, the position of the shovel depends on the dsm angle between points 64, 60, 39 in the extended state.

_ ₁₃ U81091

It will be beneficial, as is the case with the drawn execution is the case, the device Ao built that at on the ground blade 61 located with retracted working cylinders 63 the angle enclosed by points 64, 60, 59 is large, with the result that the blade is only in a small Can pivot angular range; the two extreme positions are shown in FIG. Ί with full or dash-dotted lines drawn. This ensures that when on the ground located shovel the extension of the working cylinder 63 cannot cause a greater pivoting than is necessary, in order to 'tilt the blade bottom surface a little below the horizontal, about 5 ° · This is what is generated by the load on the cutting edge of the blade around the pivot point 64 of the blade Limited moment and at the same time a protection against excessive loads on the work cylinder 63 and the various Levers or tie rods of the parallel crank drive are required.

The reverse is true when the shovel is completely raised (Fig. 3) and fully extended working cylinder 63 (i.e. with the position of the shovel and working cylinder shown in dash-dotted lines), the angle between points 64, 6o, 59 for each Part of the gearbox is much smaller, and accordingly is the possible angle variation for the blade is much greater. As before, the two extreme positions of the shovel are in wing 3 and the extreme position of the shovel with the working cylinders 63 extended allows complete emptying of the shovel If the working cylinders 63 maintain their extended position when the shovel is lowered down to the ground

909806/0648

-H-

th, ie the position shown in Figure 1 is reached, the shovel automatically returns to the position shown in dash-dotted lines, ie in the position in which the shovel bottom is slightly inclined relative to the horizontal and is therefore ready to accept a new load. The construction according to the invention also reduces the number of operating steps which the operator normally has to carry out to pick up and drop a load, because no actuation of the bucket control valve controlling the working cylinders 63 is required when a new load is to be picked up after a load has been dropped. The intended working cylinder 63 so meet to serve as a protection device against excessive loading of the individual structural elements by reducing the possible abrasions angle of the blade near the ground and also as an automatic device for adjusting the blade to a discharge tendency in the raised blade and scraper tilt at near-ground blade the dual purpose to work.

The described special construction of the parallel crank drive can easily be changed, e.g. in the number of Gear sections if the particular loader has a different number of sections than the three sections selected here demands.

The lifting frame 11 of the lifting device, as it is described in Figures to 4, has fastening devices for Attaching the shovel 61 or other tool

909805/0648

Frame on. The frame can also be equipped with an automatic coupling device for the shovel or another Tool be equipped, thereby making it possible for the operator to attach or detach the shovel from the lifting frame from his working seat on the tractor. Such a device will now be described with reference to FIGS.

This automatic coupling device has two pairs of forks

39, which with their lower ends at 164 with the frame 11 and at their upper ends at 162 with the two working cylinders 63 are connected. The forks 39 are connected to one another by a hollow tube 43 or the like in order to place them against one another align. At the upper end of each fork there is a hook 40, at the lower end a curved concave surface 42; hook

40 and faces 42 are intended to be associated with opposing Hooks 48 and cross bars 49 cooperate, which are provided on the rear side 75 of the blade 61; the bars 49 are through Supports 76 held at a distance from the rear 75. The hooks 4o have outwardly inclined entries to each Incorrect assembly of shovels and forks caused by the operator to make impossible. The coupling device also has a lock 77 on the hollow shaft 43; the lock consists of one on a pin 45 rotatably attached hook 44, which is in the working position by a spring 78 (i.e. the position shown in Fig. 5) is brought. The hook 44 can lie over a further rod 79 which is at a distance from the rear side 75 of the shovel

909805/0648

is attached to the rear, with the hook 44 and the rod 79 acting together to lock the bucket with the forks 39. The front surface 30 of the hook 44 is curved so that the rod 79 can lift the hook out of its operative position and thus automatically cause the hook 44 to drop onto the rod 79. A line 81 is attached to the top of the hook, with which the lock can be released; the tractor driver can operate the line from the driver's seat *. The coupling device works as follows: The tractor driver first attaches the upper part of the display to the forks, ie he connects the hooks 48 of the display to the hooks 40 of the forks and then lifts the support arms of the lifting device, ie the lifting frame 11. Under their own «·

• Weight, the shovel immediately rotates downwards around the hooks 48, so that the rods 49 engage in the curved concave surfaces 42 of the forks. At the same time, the rod 79 on the shovel lifts the hook 44 upwards from its operative position. With a further pivoting movement of the shovel about the hooks 40, the hook 44 then falls down and rests on the rod 79. The shovel is now firmly connected to the forks. To remove the shovel, the hook is lifted by hand by the tractor operator, seeing from his site on the line 81 _f whereby the rods 49 can be lifted from the surfaces 42 of the forks, and the shovel bottom can be set on the ground. Then the tractor driver drives the tractor backwards away from the shovel and at the same time lowers and tilts the forks Aftoh forward so that the hooks 48 of the shovel detach from the heights of the forks 40. .

■. ■ BATHROOM

309805 / flfUft

The invention is not intended to be limited to the described details of the lifting device and the coupling device for the tools be limited. As described above, e.g. working cylinders, frame parts and connecting levers are twofold, one set on each side of the tractor. at For smaller devices, however, it can be sufficient to use only one set of working cylinders, frame parts and connecting levers. The forks do not need to be provided twice either.

The lifting frame can also be guided during the entire first lifting section and not only during part of this section will.

In addition, the coupling device described can be used in connection with known lifting devices. Instead of Other tools can also be used with a shovel.

Patent claims i

9'0 980S / 0.64t,

Claims (17)

Patent claims 1. Lifting and lowering device as an accessory for tractors or similar vehicles with a lifting frame and facilities for 'lifting the lifting frame from one level to another, characterized in that guide elements (26,27,28) for guiding the lifting frame (11) for only the first Hubaibsohnitt are provided, whereby the lifting frame is moved essentially in a straight line during operation in the first lifting section, while in the second lifting section the lifting frame or at least the frame part directly with the components (13,14,15 »31,32) for lifting of the lifting frame is moved in an arc around a fixed point (19) in a known manner 2. lifting and lowering device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the guide elements (26,27,28) vertical or practical extend vertically, whereby the lifting frame (11) is lifted vertically or practically vertically during the first lifting section can be. 3. lifting and lowering device according to claim 1 _; or 2, characterized in that the guide elements (26,27,28) have at least one set of opposing rollers (27,28) which are rigidly connected to supports (2o, 23) connected to the vehicle, and that the rollers cooperate with a curved web (26) which is attached to the lifting frame (11) so INSPECTED 909805/0648 that the lifts in operation at least during a part * of the first lifting section remains vertical or practically vertical and during the whole or during the said Part of the first stroke section is shielded from all horizontal forces and all moments acting around a vertical axis is. 4. lifting and lowering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for lifting the lifting frame two hydraulic working cylinders (13, 14) (or cylinder pairs) and a number of levers (15,31,32) are provided for connecting the working cylinders to the lifting frame, and that the first Working cylinder (13) during the first lifting section and the second working cylinder (14) during the second lifting device section takes effect. 5 lifting and lowering device according to claim 4, characterized that the first lifting section with extension of the first working cylinder (13) and the second lifting section takes place with retraction of the second working cylinder (14). 6. lifting and lowering device according to claim 5, characterized in that that the first working cylinder (13) with a movable Frame (15) is connected between its ends, the on the one hand with the lifting frame (11) or on the other hand with the Fixed point (19) are connected that also the second working cylinder (14) with the merged ends of two short Lever (31,32) is connected, the other end of the one Γ: '■ short lever (31) to the lifting frame (11) and the other end of the other short lever (32) between the ends of the movable frame (15) »and thus between the lifting frame (11) and the connection of the first working cylinder (13) the movable frame (1 5) is guided, and that in operation with the first working cylinder (13) retracted and the second working cylinder (14) extended, the first working cylinder (13) is extended to carry out the first stroke section and remains extended during the second stroke section, is drawn for executing the second stroke portion during the extended on the first lifting section remaining second working cylinder (14). 7. Raising and lowering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a parallel crank, which keeps a Y / tool (61) connected to the lifting frame (11) at a constant angle of inclination relative to the ground during both lifting sections or which moves the tool during one or both lifting sections within a predetermined angular range with respect to the ground. 8. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 7 with a parallel crank drive and a lifting frame to which a tool is attached or can be attached, characterized by a parallel crank drive divided into sections, each of which can work as a parallel crank drive in known catfish and from to which the section 909805/0648 to which the tool is attached or can be attached, has a hydraulic working cylinder (63) as a gearbox, which can be extended or retracted to the tool during its lifting or lowering movement relative to the Basically give a variable but predetermined angular movement. 9. lifting and lowering device according to claim 8, characterized in that that the gear section to which the tool (61) is attached works as a parallel crank drive when the working cylinder (63) is in the retracted position. 10. lifting and lowering device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a shovel is provided as the tool (61). 11. lifting and lowering device according to claim 1o, characterized in that that, when the tool (61) is on the ground, it only has a small maximum angle with the ground surface Includes (scrape angle) of, for example, about 5 °, whereby the scraper angle is limited, but that after lifting of the tool in its highest position above ground the maximum angle size can be enlarged relative to the ground, whereby a load can be shed from the tool. 12. Lifting and lowering device according to claim 11, characterized in that that the maximum angle of the tool (61) relative to the ground without actuation of the associated working cylinder (63) can be enlarged or reduced by raising or lowering the tool. 909805/0648 13. Device for coupling a tool, characterized in that that one or more forks (39) are provided, each of which has a releasable connecting element (4o), which cooperates with an associated connecting element (48) on a tool (61), and that the connecting elements Pivoting movements between the tool and the fork or forks around the upper tool section and a releasable lock (77) for engaging the lower tool section is provided, the attack taking place when lifting the fork (s), Z.J3. by means of the lifting frame (11) after the connecting elements have become effective. 14. Device for coupling according to claim 13, characterized in that that more than one fork (39) is provided, and that the forks (39) with one another for alignment through a hollow tube (43) 0. The like. Are connected. 15. Device for coupling according to claim 13 or 14, characterized • marked that the releasable lock (77) by spring force is held in its locking position and has a hook (44) which is attached to the coupling device and cooperates for locking with a component j [79) which is provided on the tool (61), and that the hook (44) and the part (79) come together for locking when the The tool is lifted a little way off the ground, with the tool moving around the under its own weight Connecting elements (4o) of the fork (s) 39 rotates. 16. Device for coupling according to one of claims 13 to 15 »characterized by devices (81), in particular one
Leash, for opening the lock (77) and then releasing the tool (61) from the coupling device. 17. lifting and lowering device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by the use of a device for coupling according to one of "Claims 13 to 16, BATH 909805/0648