DE1478649A1 - Dragons - Google Patents

Description

Salem, State of Massachusetts / USA

Dragon.

The definition relates to kites and in particular to aerodynamically balanced kites. The Dragons are simply constructed, have no suspension and no soleppsohwanz and, depending on the choice of the operator of the kite, can perform smooth flights or aerobatics in a wide variety of wind conditions.

Am Bachen, used as a toy or as a sports device for the intended for general use, has the following desirable properties: Binfaohhelt, low weight, Durability, cheap construction and packaging, easy and reliable assembly through the User, an easy start, the certainty of a ·· au-, peace · sharing plugs, whether the wind is sohwaoh or let it be strong, or whether it is smooth or gusty,

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aerodynamic otaolll c'äfe during the flight ο - -ηβ use of a tail «from lobes o * er other aids, V-a rigid form during the plug3, a Έΐηι ^ ίζ i tät der;: · i ^ j components, thus accidental damage is reduced, - an effective aerodynamic form, by which, if the kite operator chooses, steep flights are made possible, aerobatics, a slight line pull so that a thin line can be used and the line drag is reduced The ability to fly very high with several kites on a line, an impressive appearance that preferably resembles that of an airplane or a bird, and very good flight characteristics that set it apart from all others Distinguish dragons.

So far, none of these characteristics have been found in any kite can be achieved by a construction,

I am aiming to find all of these above ~ Create desired properties in a new type of structure.

A further aim of the invention is to provide devices for flight stabilization for wires and devices for their To create a position.

In a preferred embodiment of the structure according to the Brfindung a marginal son is used, which is around the The tips of two crossed, curved rods lead, one of which points in the longitudinal direction, i.e. in the direction of flight

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and extends far in front of the main wings. Both bars are bent concavely upwards, i.e. that both bars appear convex when viewed from below. The transverse wing rod is also concave curved backwards, i.e. that it is convex when viewed from below and that its curvature is a Forms a level that slopes downwards and forwards. These rods hold a wing and tail covering material both laterally as well as in the longitudinal direction concave upwards and have uniform at the wing tips cantilever-like stabilizing surfaces sloping upwards and forwards and sloping backwards and outwards. These stabilizing surfaces and the tail surface contribute to a strikingly bird-like appearance Picture at, which is most pronounced during flight, when wind pressure is on the wing cover material. The bars consist of a partially elastic material, e.g. made of clean spruce wood and preferably have a uniform cross-section and the same length as for example 0.6 cm by 0.95 cm (1/4 inch by 3 / ½ inch) or 127 cm (50 inches).

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing.

In Fig. 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown, its flight image resembles that of a hawk.

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In Fig. 2 is a side view along the Sonittitt Line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing a cross-section and all parts of the kite which are 8uf of the on the other side of the cut. The front part of the kite is at the top in Fig. 1 and on the left in Fig. 2. That

The front end of the kite lies relatively higher in its flight position than is shown in FIG. The both In FIG. 2, the shape of the kite which is curved in the longitudinal direction and laterally concave near the top can be seen.

In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 enlarged sections are through the wing ends of the kite along the lines 3-3 and 4-4 of Fig. 1, it can be seen that the stabilizing surfaces are in the form of cantilever arms. These surfaces make the concave upwards directed curvature of the wing tips both longitudinally and laterally locally more pronounced. The cross section through the wing rod 2 appears broad in Fig. Because the line 4-4 the rod under a point Angle intersects.

In Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross section duroh that Front end of the wing attachment along line 5-5 of FIG. The curvature of the film material in Fig. 3, 4 and 5 result from the wind pressure. The forms are shown as they are during the flight t.M kai'ifh j i oh ituftre ten.

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In Fig. 6 the draiien is shown in a view from behind and a little from above. It shows how the wing connection for trimming the lateral flight position of the kite is achieved by attaching the front end of the trunk rod to the front loop of the edge line is shifted sideways.

In Fig. 7, the tension adjuster is shown, the to shorten and to lengthen the front loop of the edge cord is used, so that the in Fig. 8, 9 and Shown shapes can be achieved.

8, 9 and 10 are front views of the kite in a direction parallel to the local air flow above the wing shown, making up the effect of a change in the air resistance and the stability of the Draohens shortened and lengthened the front loop of the edge cord to the aerodynamic front view of the kite.

In Fig. 11 is a view in direction of the relative air flow occurring transversely to the wing, when the kite is yawed. From this comes the effect of the stabilizing surfaces on the wing tips on the Front view of the yawed drake. These stabilization surfaces are intended to give the kite directional stability to lend.

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In Fig. 8 to Pig. 11 the front curvature of the wing bar is reinforced, so that the bracing evoked differences become more clearly recognizable. The horizontal tail 11 became the better For the sake of clarity, omitted in FIGS. 9 to 11.

In FIGS. 12 to 19, four other embodiments of the invention are shown. Marked with an even number Figures show plan views; and odd figures show side views. .On the front side and a dashed line can be seen on the back of the right wing in every plan view. In every side view, the shape of this line is shown from the side, thus the shape of the cantilever-like one Wing end stabilization surfaces emerges.

In FIGS. 12 to 17, flying wing versions are the Invention shown. In Fig. 12 and Fig. 13, used wing rods bent backwards. Instead of the curved wing rod, FIGS. 14 and two backward curved side bars are used, which are rigidly attached to a socket part in the middle are attached, creating a kite that has the flight pattern of a supersonic aircraft. In Fig. and Fig. 17 the front loop of the hand cord is just gone.

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been released. Their shape-forming effect is achieved here by rigid front flange rods which are rigidly attached to a socket part located in the middle, which in turn is molded onto a rigid part protruding forward. The job of this part is to shift the kite's center of gravity forward. It can be seen that the front edge part rises higher than the side part lying behind it, as a result of which the angle of attack of the cantilever-shaped stabilizing surface is greater than the angle of attack of the rest of the buoyancy surface. This applies to all forms of the invention. Pig's constructions. 14 to 17 are suitable for a collapsible structure with short bars, which can be collapsed into a short package. You can see that the middle part of the fuselage of this kite is held in a concave upward curve by the tension of the wing covering material and by the edge part. This concave curvature is somewhat enlarged in the figures so that it is more clearly visible. _t

In Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 is an embodiment of the Bri'indun «α ^βΓ 8 ^θβΐβ11ΐ » ^{which has the} shape of an airplane without a vertical tail. The wing tips, however, are angled upwards at an angle so that direction stabilization surfaces of the invention are formed. This embodiment of the invention would be made using

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a rigid foam plastic pressed in one piece getting produced. The trunk protruding forward shifts the center of gravity forward.

The equilibrium and stability of the kite have been improved by a protruding part that shifts the center of gravity of the kite forward, the center of pressure, the center of gravity and the point of application of the tensile force of the plug-in one brought closer together are smaller than before, so that all changes in the main forces acting on the kite are smaller Generate disturbing moments on the kite than before. Additionally, dragons have been created in which these benefits are included. In addition, the kite has been provided with a concave, upward-pointing longitudinal curvature, thus the trailing tail, which is used to set the equilibrium position, and the plug-line suspension from before known dragons become superfluous. At the same time, a simpler and lighter structure was achieved.

Improvements of this kind are further made in the invention. To generate directional stability devices have been invented that do not require either a slouch or a vertical tail do. With additional equipment, the kite can be light, strong, steady or gusty Wire »can be customized. Through these facilities, the

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Select the kite operator if the kite a smooth flight or aerobatics, steep, cantilever hover flights or fluff flights with a performs minimal sideways movement. All of this is achieved through a simpler and lighter structure than that of the aerodynamically balanced kites mentioned above. The result is a tailless one Kite construction without special flying line suspension, which is particularly simple and light and with a unique Stability and versatility is equipped.

The results achieved by the invention are generated by design properties that work well together. If the constructional characteristics cooperate as intended by the invention, the results are uncritical, so that even small children can make the kite fly reliably and satisfactorily.

The cantilever-like stabilization surfaces on the wing tips directional instability would rather be used to generate directional stability and to increase lateral stability as a directional stability, if the front part of the kite is not a protruding one unprotected fuselage rod would be attached through the the kite's center of gravity is shifted well near the front. The front bands of the trunk rod in turn form one

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simple light support for the cantilever-shaped stabilization surfaces, the curvature of the trunk rod directed towards the top is correctly brought into its position, so that they get their required upward inclination. The combined result even exceeds the individual effects of the components. If either only the fuselage rod or the cantilever-like stabilization surfaces have been removed, the result would be an unstable kite and an incomplete support structure.

The combined directional stabilizing effect of the cantilever-like stabilization surfaces and the front center of gravity is the same as that of a snow plow, the pulled from the front. With a kite, the stability must be in gusty we ·! be guaranteed if the fallow land is hit by gusts of wind from the side. Under these conditions, that is equivalent to the pull point of a snowplow Position the center of gravity of the kite. The center of gravity of the kite lying at the back is equal to a center of gravity at the back Pull point on the snow plow. It is obvious that a snow plow is unstable when towed by a rope is attached to the rear end of the plow ι and that a snow plow becomes more stable when it is towed at a point further forward. Daaaelbe applies for V-shaped kites. Although they can be stable in still air if they are hooked up to a line 3 point

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be flown, which is in front of the center of gravity, they are unstable in gusty air when the dynamic inertia acts on a rear center of gravity and not on the line attachment point. Then turn in Lateral gust of wind pushes the kite nooh further to the side like a rear-facing weather vane.

Although the kite according to the invention has a kind of snow plow stability is used, its appearance does not have to resemble that of a snowplow. This is based on the fact that the The center of gravity of the kite is relatively far forward because of the forward sticking trunk The kite uses wings that are perpendicular to the direction of flight. You can also use the kite the appearance of birds or subsonic airplanes can be exactly imitated. Am such appearance is at Dragons to be sold as toys are a valuable quality.

There have been relatively few Draohen constructions, which produce an even kite attitude in constantly changing winds. The forms of the most uniform Dragons are either based on one type of Trailing tail or on large aerodynamic drag. But the sole-tail is an obstacle, and the great air resistance prevents aerobatics, which for

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the sport are desirable. The invention solves both of these problems.

It has long been believed that dragons without a soleplate need a special suspension. The finding shows that this is not the case. By the kite according to the invention no drag tail and no suspension is used. This has been practical for the sport of hang gliding Advantages. This means that the kite cannot be hung from a suspension system below nooh hindered by a tail attached to the rear from the ground like an airplane can take off. Therefore he can from take off and land yourself when the wind rises or falls «The Draohen is both at ground level and at steepest elevation angle in the equilibrium position of the slope. This does not apply to the dragons, which have a Suspension or equivalent device is used, for example from a keel, from any another rigidly held flying line suspension point below the lifting surface of the kite or any other designated device.

Duroh the invention of kite flying is duroh executions to achieve horizontal and lateral stability, which are in a suitable ratio to each other, duroh devices for setting the stability and the air

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Resistance and expanded by facilities with which the kite can be trimmed ao that he is right with the wind or, at the option of the kite operator, either flies to the right or to the left. These advantages are achieved without significantly increasing the weight or complexity of the structure.

In aircraft, directional atability is normally reached by vertical tail surfaces. In aerodynamically balanced kites, each requires vertical behwanzflächen added weight to the rear end of the kite that added weight to the front end of the kite to restore at least an equal weight is added to the balance. For this reason and because of the actual difficulties encountered in designing a simple wire with vertical tail surfaces, Solo surfaces are seldom used successfully and never effectively. Produce in the kite according to the invention the simple cantilever-like stabilization surfaces on the wing tips provide directional stability and contribute to lateral stability at, without the authority or the accustomed to influence the Draohens.

I have an aerodynamically properly executed kite • A predisposition to active movement in gusty air, which is why he absorbs enough energy from the wind so that he can

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makes large lateral movements. These movements create on the kite a speed that occurs in addition to that caused by the natural wind. I am a sufficiently executed neat kite, which reacts to gusts, has to fly in enough gusty air inevitably come out of that direction. This happens because that occurs because of the kite's own motion The wind speed at the kite becomes large compared to the natural wind speed, because the kite as passive device has no way of determining the direction from which the natural wind is coming, and because sooner or later its arbitrary plug will carry it to the ground. Bs iart therefore desirable that the air resistance of the kite can be enlarged in a suitable manner so that it can fly smoothly in gusty conditions Wind becomes suitable. With the invention, this adjustment is made possible without a significant increase in weight or complexity.

So that a kite without a corset tail in the fastest possible way If the wind remains in the air, he must not make any avoidable sideways movements. Every dragon owns a certain limited rigidity of its Aufhaus. As the wind speed increases, everyone climbs onto the Dragons acting forces, einsohlieeslioh the pulling force the flying lines, with the exception of the constant

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the kite weight, in the square of the wind speed. Weight is the only force that tails the tailless Equips kites as a passive device with a "feeler" for the vertical direction. at a particularly high speed exceed the asymmetrical forces, which because of the asymmetrical Deformations of the structure affect the kite / the ability of the draug, corrective in relation to Its vertical weight reacts, causing the flight to move out of direction alone because of the speed device. Such directional deviations occur for two reasons at relatively lower wind speeds when the kite makes sideways movements by itself. These reasons are as follows:

1. The sideways movement enlarges the true resulting Wind speed on the kite.

2. The lateral acceleration of the kite causes the inertia force to move out of the vertical Moving direction. The lateral movements must therefore be reduced to a minimum when a tailless turning in the greatest possible winds should stay in the air. This can be achieved in part by increasing the drag of the kite // ground, through which the Drecher always has a headwind

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position. At lower wind speeds However, a large air resistance is undesirable, as it prevents aerobatics on steep flights. Therefore should Because of these additional reasons, the drag of the kite can be adjusted, as made by the invention is guaranteed.

Because the kite according to the invention is built so lightly, it can fly with very low air currents. By But it can also build up with relatively strong ones Winds fly. Bs is a pre-stressed, pre-bent structure in which both bars are curved and in which a stretch-resistant edge cord is stretched around its circumference. Bine significant deformation of its support frame cannot occur as long as the wind stops these rods bends when they are already curved when the kite is braced for a uniform plug, in which both bars are strongly curved, so that a correspondingly strong wind is required for further bending. In addition, the rearward curvature of the wing rod relocated this part, which is what the wind loads concerns, partly to the edge, whereby its me cha · »· nisohe resistance to wind loads is increased.

and other properties of the bonding go out

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the drawing more clearly. The thickness of some parts is greatly enlarged in the figures so that they can be recognized will.

In Mg. 1 the fuselage rod 1 crosses the wing rod 2 its center point, where the two rods are tied together by FIG. The Randsohnur loop 4 engages at the tips of the rods 1 and 2 in thin, not shown slots, and holds the rods concave Curved at the top, i.e. convexly curved when viewed from below, with the wing rod 2 also curved concave near the rear is. The wing lift surface 5 consists of a thin film, which is attached to the edge cord with an adhesive tape 6 4 is attached. The flying line 7 is tied around the rod 1 at a single point and guides something in front of the center of gravity of the kite through an eyelet 8. The center of gravity is closer to the front edge of the surface 5 than at the rear edge 9. The flying line 10 is tied from above through the eyelet 8 and leads to another kite, who flies higher. The horizontal tail surface 11 from a thin foil is of a similar construction

^as at the wing tips by attaching the band 6 to the edge cord loop 4. The wing surface 5 and the tail surface 11 are attached to the fuselage rod 1 by an adhesive tape (not shown). Outside the edge of the wing surfaces 5 are on the Randsohnursohleife

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Wing end flag 12 attached. You will be of one tape, not shown, held in place. The flag 12 consists of a folded card that serves as a label or as an instruction manual and which is the rear section of the unprotected edge cord covered outside the ends of the wing surface 5 so that the wing rod assembly 2 does not have this section of the Randsohnur 4 can take. Ask this way

W the flags 12 ensure a symmetrical structure of the kite. A tension adjuster 13 is inserted into the edge cord loop 4 between the nose of the fuselage rod 1 and the end of the wing surface 5. The tension adjuster 13 is shown schematically here by a rectangle. Its structure is shown in FIG. The bands 6 and the wing film are enclosed by bands 14 at the top and bottom at the ends of the adhesive tape 6 at the front outer ends of the wing surface 5.

The front edge 15 of the buoyancy surface 5 extends to the right and left of the fuselage rod 1 to the edge loop 4. A fold is made on each side of the kite at a point on the front edge 15 through which the wing cover is tightened. This fold is covered by an adhesive tape 16 and held in place.

The thin, upturned front edge 15 has one

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twofold task. The local air flow is to be divided along the leading edge of the wing, whereby the aerodynamic center of pressure of the wing is shifted backwards. This is just as effective for Incline stabilization like shifting the kite's center of gravity forward by the same amount and can that can be achieved easily and without gaining weight otherwise would be necessary. The edge 15 also takes on a relatively flat shape in a light wind Position with low air resistance, because it is elastic and from the outward pressure of the curved Wing bar 2 and is kept under tension by the spreading effect of the tension in the cord loop 4, and blows itself to a more steeply inclined position greater air resistance in strong winds, as in Fig. 5 is shown with dashed lines. This The process automatically increases the air resistance dea Kite by a certain amount, if to obtain a larger one. Stability also means greater air resistance is necessary.

Section of the front edge of the wing surface 5, which lies outside the edge 15, is of the edge cord loop 4 held. This edge section is also turned upwards so that it also serves as above described, a local separation of the air flow

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The cantilever-like stabilizing surface 17 is formed by the section of the wing surface 5 which lies in front of the rod 2 and outside the band 17. Sections through the stabilizing surface 17 are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In Fig. 3, the general forwards and upwards inclination of this surface is shown in a vertical sonicity from the front neon rear. The general inclination of the fin 17 is tilted _fc equal to that of a forward and upward outside to and rearwardly at the front edge achieffläohigen Aussenemde the Flügelfläohe 17th

In Fig. 4 is the cross section through the wing data sheet 2 performed at an angle that corresponds to the large one shown Cross-section generated. In Figs. 3, 4 and 5, the dioke is the edge cord 4, the wing film 5, the adhesive tapes 6, 14 and 15 greatly exaggerated as it is used to depict the thickness is required.

The Sohwenzfläohe 11 shown in Fig. 1 contributes to bird-like flight image of the Draohens. It also acts as a horizontal stabilizer. With this construction no sole ppeohtail of any kind is required, that affects the flight pattern of the dragon, that causes discomfort or that of changing Wind conditions must be lengthened or shortened.

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It also has to be carried less weight and there is less air resistance than it does with the use of a sole pps tail would be the case.

The tail surface 11 is at its rear outer edges daduroh kept that she was at the Randsohnur 4 with a Tape is attached. The rear section of the edge cord 4 located behind the wing rod 2 is naoh through the concave rearward curvature of the wing atabs 2 regardless of the setting of the front section of the rim only kept taut. Duroh d) e tension in the rear Loop of the rim only 4, the rear section of the fuselage rod 1 is held concave near the top bent, what does it mean the Sohwanzfläohe 11 is placed on a smaller angle of attack than the wing surface 5, as required so that the kite nose remains raised during the flight. With Draohen, this bigenso shaft is without suspension essential, which have a center of gravity in the front.

The concave curvature of the wing 1-atab, which is directed towards the rear 2 also creates the required shape of the stabilizing surfaces 17, which in turn cause many advantages, which are described in detail below. As can be seen from Fig. 1, determines the near rearward Inclination of the wing bar 2 in the vicinity of its ends the inclination of the rear edge β of the stabilizing surface 17 *

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The wing tab 2 "has according to FIGS. 2, 5 and 5 one rectangular cross-section, the dimension of which in the plane of curvature of the rod is shorter than in the direction transverse to the plane of curvature. When the rod is bent backwards, it will be strengthened with respect to wind loads. Its cross-section is rotated so that a larger, more effective beam dimension is created that supports the Resists major bending forces of the wing. These Load forces act perpendicularly on the surface of the Wing 5.

By using an adhesive tape to attach the edge cord 4 to the ..aftriebsf lache 5 and the tail surface 11 and in that it is only placed on one side of the surface and along the sides of the cord bent down so that it is glued tightly around the cord as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 Solved several long-standing problems in the manufacture of kites that used thin plastic sheets that are held by a string at the edges will. Suitable plastic films for such

Draohen are made of mylar and polyethylene. Both fabrics have previously been difficult to attach. For example, the fastening a son only on polyethylene using a liquid adhesive is not satisfactory. the Adhesives are not reliable and often use the wrong ones

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Place and damage the product by discoloration and by sticking the wrong parts together. By a Connection with heat will destroy the foil and the cord will not be held in place. You tried different Types of coated cords and cords that have fibers protruding from them to be used between to hold two surfaces connected by heat, Cords have also been held in place by using a double-coated, pressure-sensitive tape was folded around it and that the plastic film was then in turn folded around the outside where they were then either wrapped or glued on. This process caused high material and labor costs, since it required the person assembling the kite to do work on both sides of the slide. In addition, the hold was not satisfactory.

These difficulties are eliminated by the very simple structure according to the invention. This emerging Connection is especially useful for kites with tensioned cords suitable with thin foils, as the load from the cord is distributed over the foil. There is no rigid mechanical support by which the cord is attached at any point other than the end reinforcement bands 14, by which the hand cord 4 is prevented from being completely between the film surface and the

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Volume 6 slide out. Due to the construction, the edge cord 4 can be a little at points of maximum tension slide sideways until the adjoining section of string (and the sheeting to which it is attached) is the same Has tension. The edge cord takes the form of a to achieve a uniform tensile stress distribution highly desirable chain line, which one cannot even with very well done machining

W could achieve even if one calculated its shape. Each length of tape has in cross-section (Fig, 3) lying tabs in the same plane, which are connected in one piece by an inverted U-bracket. When the tape is put on, when the tensioned cord 4 lies on the buoyancy surface, the tape is attached in such a way that the cord 4 is enclosed by the U-bracket and that the tabs touch the buoyancy surface on both sides of the cord. The secure attachment of the buoyancy surface to the line is achieved without resorting to liquid glue or the application of heat by using a tape coated with an adhesive which is attached so that its adhesive surface touches the buoyancy surface. The straps and sockets are simply arranged in a straight line and, when they are first used, permanently assume the shape of chain lines. This innovative cord attachment enables the use of a thin film,

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thereby saving weight and cost, and preventing the sheet material from warping, thereby reducing the appearance and plug performance can be improved. The cord will be in every place because of its close contact with the adhesive retained on the tape and does not slide lengthways. This result has not yet been achieved by anyone other methods achieved with complete reliability. The labor cost of assembling the kite fell noticeably when this design went into production was introduced.

By laterally displacing the front end of the fuselage rod 1 along the edge only 4, as shown in FIG. 6 by the arrow A, a twisting of the wings is achieved. This figure is a view of the kite obtained when looking at it in flight from a position upwind and slightly above it, after the front end of the fuselage pole has been shifted along the edge only to the right of the viewer. As a result, the fuselage rod is bent neon on the side, causing it to move on the rear edge of the wing, as indicated by arrow B. In the wagon of this movement, the rear edge 9 is tightened to the rear and loosened at D, the point y being held in place at various points by the structure described above. Theeaa

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wing twisting caused in this way at the trailing edge the wing at 0 a lowering, which has the effect of a lowered aileron on the right wing, and causes a lift on the trailing edge at D, the effect of a raised aileron on the left wing Has. The kite is therefore subject to an aerodynamic roll moment in the direction of arrow B, whereby it turns to the left by lowering the left wing and raising the right wing.

This twisting of the wing also has secondary but important consequences. The horizontal tail surface 11 is twisted directionally, and the stabilization surface 17 on the right wing becomes higher eufgerichtet than the stabilization surface 17 on the left Wing. Through these processes, a yaw moment is exerted on the kite in such a direction that that the kite's nose moves to the right.

The combined effect of the primary and secondary effects described above gives the kite the effect a lateral control, as it is used in an airplane, so that it slips sideways and not turns. Duroh the secondary effect is the rolling motion caused by the primary effect in a sideways motion Slipping transformed. The Draohen is moving

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simply turn left from the observer into a new one stabilized position.

The voltage adjuster 13 shown in Fig. 7 consists of one Plate 18 in which three eyelets 19 are attached. The end of the cord 4 is tied together to form a ribbon loop 20. The other end of the cord 4 is through the eyelets 19 »through the loop 20 and this time in the opposite direction Direction back through the eyelets 19 and through the bead 21 threaded. The end of the cord 4 is knotted so that it cannot slide through the bead 21, which in turn is too is large that it could slide through an eyelet 19. The son's loop 4 is made by pulling the bead 21 shortened away from the loop 20 and lengthened by an opposite movement. When the plate 18 is in the is pushed position shown in Fig. 7, the cord 4 is compressed and prevented from sliding. In order to sliding is enabled during adjustment the cord 4 relaxed at the location of the plate 18.

The effects of using the voltage adjuster 13 are shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 where front views of the Draohene are shown, as they appear against the direction of the local air flow at the wings. In Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is (as in Fig. 2 above and Fig. 11 below) which are preferably

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used curvature of the kite slightly enlarged so that it is more clearly recognizable.

In Fig. 8 a mean curvature of the kite is shown, where sioh the voltage adjuster 13 in one small distance from the stabilization surface 17 is located. In Fig. 9 a larger curvature is shown, wherein the distance between the tension adjuster 13 and the stabilization surface 17 is larger and the Randsohnur page 4 is shortened accordingly. A minimum curvature is shown in FIG. The length of the string sole 4 is maximum and the voltage adjuster 13 is located right next to the stabilization area

A medium position will be used for most flight conditions (Fig. 8) is used. The strongly curved setting (Fig. 9) is used in strong gusty winds. With gentle winds and with aerobatics in gusty winds • a flat setting (Fig. 10) is used.

From the figures it can be seen that the air resistance of the kite is bigger when the Randsohnurschleife is shortened, whereby the stabilizing surfaces and the front edge 15 rise. Thee generated a greater force with which the Draohen is held against the wind and absorbs energy that the

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Give kite a lateral speed would.

When the kite is braced as in FIG. 10, it is in an aerodynamically perfect condition. Its frontal area is small and its wingspan is large. The kite can glide on the warmth until it is about to float vertically above, whereby the plug line becomes loose. If the kite is now stimulated by a gusty air current and controlled by pulling and relaxing the flight line correctly in time, it can fly complete rolls in the air or undertake long dives to the fire, where it is intercepted at the last moment.

The effect of the stabilizing surfaces 17 to produce directional stability results in a process that should be referred to as "snow plow train stability" from the inclination of these surfaces running close to the rear and neon outside, together with the center of gravity lying relatively in front. Both stabilization surfaces create air resistance. When the kite is pointing directly into the wind, the drag is the same on both sides.

When, however, the reohte wing tip moves closer to the front, the stabilizing surface 17 on the right-hand side creates more resistance and all the stabilizing surface on the left-hand side, since the right-hand side is positioned more transversely against the wind

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and the left side is sloping towards the wind. The task of the focal point is that the Kite turns around it when the kite is violently disturbed by gusts of wind. The position of this dynamic axis of rotation determines whether the lever arms on which the drag forces act are beneficial for stability or are unfavorable. Due to a relatively forward center of gravity, the effect of the lever arms is small, although the center of gravity cannot be far enough forward for the reversal of the lever arms to result in a stabilizing effect is generated. (In order for such a stabilizing effect to exist, it is necessary to that the center of gravity lies in front of the connecting line of the pressure centers of the stabilizing surfaces 17).

The more obliquely the stabilizing surfaces are set back and the further they are on the kite behind so on, the center of gravity can be shifted back to achieve a given directional stability in gusty winds be. If the center of gravity can be that far back, difficulties arise from the inclination stability. As described above, it is of course desirable to have directional stability of the Kite to achieve that none of the uninvolved Observer shows perceptible fluctuations to make the kite take the shape of a bird or a sailing bird

009835/0002 subsonic aircraft

Can accept subsonic aircraft. Such a shape has a wing with a relatively large one Aspect ratio. This has the further advantage that less air resistance is generated than with kites with a small wingspan and curved shape. This means that there is less air resistance is generated, the bird-like kite can, in particular, with a relatively flat bracing, through which other forms of air resistance remain small, higher and with a steeper elevation angle fly than is possible with a strongly curved wing shape with a small span. By the big The wingspan of the bird-like kite also has the advantage that the lateral distance between the two the stabilizing surfaces 17 is large, as a result of which there is a relatively small difference in air resistance a relatively large stabilizing moment on the two opposite stabilizing surfaces generated. The cross section of the stabilizing surfaces 17 can therefore be relatively small. They enlarge hence only the drag of the kite to produce the desired directional stabilization effect little. A slight increase in air resistance is also always desirable, so that excessive sensitivity turbulent air currents are avoided.

The structure described according to the invention is of itself

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the end

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out on the required relatively forward center of gravity. The trunk rod 1 extends considerably exercises · the buoyancy surface 5 out in front. Between the front edge 15 and the front section the cord loop 4 is a free space. The front extension of the trunk rod 1 has a long and slender shape. Thereby, for a given weight balancing effect, the weight decreased compared to a shorter and wider part. In addition, this creates a preferred, created forward if e 4 can be held well spread out forwards.

The direction-stabilizing effect of the cantilever-like Stabilization surfaces 17 is shown in Fig. 11 in a view that the kite in correct Shows proportions when it is tense and slightly yawed as shown in the figure. The yaw angle in 11 is the same as the angle of the flying line 7, as it does is shown in FIG. It can be seen that di is on the left-hand side in FIG. 11 as seen from the reader forwardly displaced stabilization surface 17 has a noticeably larger front surface than that of the Reader from the stabilization surface 17 on the right-hand side, shifted to the rear

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reader

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Anterior wing tip as viewed from the left) due to the air resistance pushed more neon back than the one on the right (viewed from the reader) rear wing tip. This means that a differential force occurs which turns the kite into an ungodly Position back if the lever arms on the two kite sides were the same. If he The kite is now rotated in the desired direction of stabilization or not, however, depends on the relative Lever arms on which these resistance forces at the "

Attack wingtips.

When the air is calm, the Draohen rotates around the axis G as a reaction to gradually occurring forces in Fig. 11, which lead through the line attachment point. When rotating around this axis, one can see that the lever arm extends to the outer end of the front (left) wing enda is larger than the lever arm for outside end of the rear (right) wing tip. Man j

can easily understand that under these special conditions about the axis G a static directional stability consists. In strong gusty winds, the kite turns while yawing around axis H, which is caused by the Focus leads. The lever arms on the two sides now have the difference between the two Axes G and H changed in a Riohtung in which the static stability is reduced. If sioh the

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Focus

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The center of gravity is not far enough forward, the static directional stability can reach the limit (when the axis H in Fig. 11 is very far to the left of the axis G). When the kite is the extension of the trunk rod 1 not used beyond the leading edge 15 the kite's center of gravity would be further back, and the kite would be around axis I in Fig. 11 in gusty winds rotate. The lever arm of the front wing fc would be shortened and the lever arm of the rear wing would be lengthened that the kite is in gusty air despite the greater drag force at the front wing end would be directionally unstable. In addition, there would also be a static instability of inclination through which the kite together with the directional instability would no longer be maneuverable in any wind conditions, unless with ideal steady winds.

For the stability of the kite it is necessary that the kite has a lateral stability, as it is created by the two-sidedness of the wing. The lateral stability must be in a correct relationship to the directional stability of the kite described above. In addition, it is desired that both stabilizing effects. are great if they are to achieve stability in strong gusty winds and that they are for the opposite Zweok, namely to enable aerobatics,

009835/0002 small

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small aind. In addition, theeae must have two forms of Stabilization effect in a correct relative Remaining strength to one another, whether they are big or small. The desired position of the stabilizing force and the correct distribution between the two types of stabilization is made possible by the invention achieved a very light, simple structure. When the voltage regulator 13 leads to an increase in the When the curvature of the wing is used when viewed from the front, it also becomes the effective V angle of the wing Drachena enlarged. At the same time and approximately in the same proportion, the stabilizing surfaces also become raised at the wing tips, reducing their Front surface and directional atability enlarged will. Through this single process all become familiar Effects achieved that were driven.

According to Fig. 11, ea is in the design of a kite, with the aerobatics can be carried out, necessary, daaa around the axis H duroh the center of gravity only one small marginal area of the static directional stability including the contributions to directional stability that are generated by the tail surfaces is. In gusty air, the kite shows a tendency to instability when, as in Fig. flaoh is tense; during short recurring

009835/0002 moments,

U78649

But he corrects for himself moments when the air is calm.

When flying the kite, the tendency to instability in gusty winds is increased by pulling on the line enlarged when it is braced for aerobatics. This is especially effective when the kite is already has a laterally sloping course. Such a push becomes a further deflection for the kite offset, resulting in a greater lateral velocity, a greater overall air velocity on the Dragons, and a greater bending of the structure is produced. All of these processes reduce the stability and lead to aerobatics. To return to a smooth flight, release the flying line for a moment leak. This results in the relative air speed at the kite, the lateral speed and reduces the stresses on the structure of the kite, thereby increasing stability. The Dragon then takes a normal position again, after the invention with the right side near the top and against the natural wind directed.

When this occurs, the leash can be held or slowly retracted, causing the draohen to ascend normally, until the kite operator lets him perform aerobatics again.

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When flying a kite according to the invention the recovery of a normal situation after an aerobatic maneuver often in a natural way, as the kite enters layers of the wind when it sinks, which has been slowed down by the frictional influence of the surface of the wind, as a result of which an effect similar to that produced by the leakage the leash is achieved.

In the modified embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, structural parts are used, which are typically the same as those used in the preferred embodiment shown in FIG will. The two-part wing and tail construction only becomes a single lift surface replaced, and flaps 22 are behind the! subsection the Randsohnursohleife to produce any desired Floor plan used on the rear edge of the wing.

The details of the other embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 16 to 19 can be understood by any person recognize the kite construction. These kites have already been described above in this application. Bs can also, for example, be nooh aerodynamic Base seats in the cantilever-like stabilization surfaces or numerous other such refinements appropriate will.

009835/000 2 claims

Claims (1)

" ³⁸ " U78649 Patent application ζ 1 «/ kite, characterized in that it is provided with a main wing (5) made of foil material, that the wing has separate front and rear edges, that the distance between the right and left ends of the wing is substantially greater than the distance between its rear and its front edge, whereby right and left wings are formed that the center of gravity of the kite is between the front and rear edges of the wing but closer to the front edge than to the rear edge, that the wing is from below viewed has a convex shape, whereby a lateral stability is generated, that in front of each wing stabilization devices (17) are attached, which give the kite a directional stability during flight, and that each stabilization device (17) sohräg up and near the front at an angle is inclined, which exceeds the angle of the adjacent section of the main wing (5) . 2. Kite according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the stabilizing devices (17) is askew 00983 5/0002 a divides U78649 represents is and contains surfaces that run obliquely forwards naoh above bfew .. backwards to the outside. 3. kite naoh claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a light structure for carrying out a flight in a gentle wind, which is combined with a very thin wing (5) made of a film material, with a frame made of two long, very narrow, stiff-elastic Divide (1, 2), one of which extends lengthways and one extending transversely to the direction of flight, provided ™ is that the kite to enable a flight in strong winds by a taut cord (4) is biased so that the frame parts (1, 2) are strongly bent that the frame part (2) has an asymmetrical Has cross-section and is attached so that its longer transverse dimension in a forward and sloping down sohrägendai level, whereby its normal strength is most effectively used. ( 4. Dragon naoh Anspruoh 3 »daduroh marked that one of the frame parts from the front end to the rear end of the kite extends and through its center of gravity leads that the second frame part in one plane which normally runs at right angles to the first-mentioned frame part that each of the frame parts is provided with a notch at its ends, duroh the 009835/0002 θ ie U78649 they can be connected to the strained son (4) and that the strained son (4) of the Notches of the respective frame parts is added. 5. kite naoh claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal frame part (1) extends over the front edge of the main wing (5) that extends the center of gravity of the kite behind ψ the cross frame part (2) but closer to the front edge of the main wing (5) than to its rear edge and that a flying line (7) can be connected directly to the wing (5) by a device close to the center of gravity of the kite. 6. kite according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the stabilizing surfaces (17) approximately the lorm of a triangle whose apex is directed forward and whose base line extends along the Cross frame part (2) extends, and that the outer edge of each stabilization surface (17) using devices (6) with the part of the tensioned sonur (4) can be connected, the sioh from the outside ends of the cross frame parts (2) to the front end of the longer frame ü (1) extends, whereby the stabilization surface (17) steeper than the front Absohnitt of Main wing runs diagonally near the top and near the outside. 009835/0002 7. Dragon according to Anapruoh 2, characterized in that the kite to a change in the front view with a resulting change in air resistance a device (13) by means of which the length of the section of the tensioned cord (4) is changed can be, which extends from one volume of the transverse frame part (2) to the other. 8 * kite according to claim 2, characterized in that the kite is provided with a device (3) through which the center of the transverse frame part (2) on the can be connected to a point with the longitudinal frame part (1) which is even further forward than the points, on which the tensioned cord (4) rests on the transverse frame part (2). 9. kite according to Anspruoh 3> characterized in that the tensioned sonur (4) for connection to the buoyancy element (5) is attached lying on it and that elongated strip (6) of a tape in the vertical Have cross-section in the same plane lying tabs, which are connected by an inverted U-bracket are connected, which in turn is so attached that it envelops the son only when the plane-parallel Lasoneη the strip on the wing and firmly adhering are associated with her. 009835/0002 ΙΟ »Kite according to claim 1, characterized in that the kite, whether it is at ground level or in its place with the steepest flight angle, for Provide tilt trimming with a device (8) is, through which the flying line (7) can be connected to the wing (5) at a point that is tight when the focus is. 11. Kite according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer sections of the stabilizing surfaces are united by connecting pieces (6) with the tensioned cord (4), that the longitudinal frame part (1), which _{protrudes from the front edge of the Tra o} flat (5) to the front , runs obliquely upwards and forwards from this edge, so that the stabilization surface (17) is given the desired inclination and that the outer sections of the stabilization surfaces (17) are connected to the section of the tensioned cord (4) which runs obliquely to the front and near the top are, which in turn is attached to the front end of the frame part (1). 12. Kites naoh claim 3 »daduroh characterized in that the front end of the longitudinal frame part (1) for trimming the lateral flight position of the kite in relation to the cocked sonur (4) is adjustable, whereby the main wing (5) is twisted. 009835/0002 ~ ⁴³ ~ U78649 13. Kite according to claim 1 without a drooping tail, characterized in that a concave upward curved tail (11) to produce a horizontal one Stabilization behind the rear edge of the main wing (5) is attached. 14 · kite according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal frame part (1) extends rearward from the rear edge of the wing by a distance that corresponds approximately to the distance between the front and rear edge of the wing that the tail is from the rear edge of the main wing extends to the rear and on the longitudinal frame part (1) and the tensioned Sohnur (4) attached iat and that the surface of the tail is so large that the main portion of the the space formed by the transverse frame part (2) and the rear section of the tensioned sonur (4) remains free. 15. Dragons naoh claim 13, daduroh characterized that the upwardly concave curved tail (11) for generating a horizontal stabilization without significant increase of the kite's weight at its rear edges is held by the taut cord (4) that the tail of the concave running near the rear Curvature of the longitudinal frame part (2) is always tensioned and the inclination of the tail is less than that of the main wing (5), whereby the Draohen- 009835/0002 nose nose is held up during flight. 16. Draohen naoh claim 1, characterized in that that the center of gravity, the air pressure point and the attachment point of the flying line are all very close lie on the leading edge of the main wing. 009835/0002