DE1460399A1 - Pressure lock for the continuous, pressure-tight introduction of a material web into a treatment chamber or for the execution of the material web from this chamber - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

dr. w. Schalk - dipl-ing. Peter Wirth

DIPL.-ING. G. E. M. DANNENBERG FRANKFURT AM MAIN

18 "IO" 1965 CB. ESCHENHEIMER STR. 39 A J. Γ> Γ » O QQ

PW / Ri

Hax Goller oHG.
Schwaraenbaeh / Saale

Pressure lock for continuous, pressure-tight Introduction of a material web into a treatment chamber or for the execution of the material web from this chamber

The invention relates to a pressure lock for continuous, pressure-tight introduction of a material web, preferably a textile web into a pressurized (i.e. a Above atmospheric pressure) standing treatment chamber, the arrangement of such a pressure lock in front of a downstream Treatment chamber, or for the execution of the material web from this chamber

A treatment option for such material webs can ssua Impregnation, bleaching, dyeing or other chemical treatment are used, and the treated web of material can be Be a textile fabric, a fibrous web, a paper web or a plastic web

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During this treatment it is often desirable to keep the atmosphere, e.g. steam or grass atmosphere, in the treatment chamber ^{> x} under a pressure which is higher than the external atmospheric pressure in order to accelerate or activate the action of the treatment medium on the material web .

For this purpose one has for the introduction of the material web into the treatment chamber and for its execution from the Chamber already used pressure locks, in which the steam or gas overpressure in the chamber against the atmosphere Sealing members is received while the web of material passes between rollers and between these sealing members into or out of the chamber. However, the sealing members are subject to large mechanical loads Stresses and heavy wear, especially with higher internal pressures up to 5 at ti, so that they are complicated be built up and often replaced and switched on Need to become"

In order to avoid these disadvantages, there is already a so-called water lock at the entrance and one below the exit Internal pressure treatment chamber used for textile webs, i.e. a small column of liquid placed in front of and behind the treatment chamber through which the Textile web was passed through »However, this measure is only practical for low internal overpressures in the treatment chamber on the order of a few tenths at most

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Atmospheres practically applicable because of higher overpressures in. the order of magnitude of 1 to 2 atmospheres per column of water would require 10 to 30 m height in the moated castle and the use of τοη! liquids of higher specific Weight than water practically does not carry this out- * would only insignificantly reduce the overall height.

The invention nevertheless makes use of the principle of the water lock for the pressure-tight introduction of a material web into a treatment chamber and for its execution from the chamber, but aims to design the principle of the water lock in a way in which the 3? Liquid seal higher internal pressures up to about 3 atü. takes up in the treatment chamber and at the same time other requirements of the treatment of the material web Eeohnung is borne, in particular that liquid, which is carried by it when passing through the pressure lock upstream of the treatment chamber, is largely returned to the pressure lock, and partly replenished in it. The cumbersome sealing members that used to be common for treatment chambers with high internal pressures should be avoided when carrying out the invention _; rd.en »also an excessive construction height _v

The objects of the invention are based on the principle a water lock working pressure lock of the aforementioned type achieved in that the overpressure in

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the entire liquid column corresponding to the treatment chamber is divided into cascade stages, which are divided into by their individually - consisting of one - and the same or several liquids "- supernatant liquids separated in a gastight manner Seams are formed in which the respective desired proportion of the pressure gradient corresponding to a cascade stage as Maintain sas or steam back pressure in a manner known per se will.

In the event that the material web takes with it significant quantities of the liquid filling of the pressure lock into or out of the treatment chamber without it being taken with it Liquid is sufficiently complete when the material web enters or exits again into the one upstream or downstream of it Pressure lock can be returned or this return would be cumbersome, is according to the invention still provided that this entrained liquid in each of the cascade stages or at least in the one to the treatment chamber subsequent end part of the upstream or downstream pressure lock can be supplemented in such a way that in sets the desired liquid level again at each cascade level. The latter possibility of completing the Liquid only in the end part of the pressure lock is of course only given if the same in all cascade stages Liquid, e.g. * water, is present and consequently the so called end part of the pressure lock can be overfilled,

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that the excess liquid overflows from this end part to the upstream cascade stage, and from this an excess to the next downstream or upstream cascade stage, etc., until all cascade stages have the intended liquid level again. But it may be appropriate in particular cases to fill in part of the cascade stages of -Drucksohleuse with regard to the nature of the material web and / or the pre- and post another liquid than in the rest of the cascade stages _o In such embodiments, must of course each of the liquids in the respective associated cascade stages can be supplemented separately and refilled, either by new supply or by returning liquid that is separated from the treatment chamber when the material web enters the treatment chamber.

In the cascade stages, liquids of different specific gravity and different Boiling point, the latter for reasons explained in more detail below.

For safety standpipes of low-pressure steam heating systems it is already known, the low vapor pressure against the atmosphere instead of a simple water-filled U-tube through several to take up liquid columns connected in series in cascade stages. The application of this ^ measure to pressure treatment chambers but is not for continuous material webs

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obvious, because with this arrangement not only an AB- * seal against the internal pressure of a chamber, but at the same time still the passage of the material web through the sealing means must be made and for this reason also taken additional measures of the aforementioned type because of the liquid entrained by the material web Need to become·

In addition, with the known safety standpipes in each cascade stage, the counterpressure against the individually protruding liquid column on the respective low-pressure side is produced practically constant by an air cushion, whereby the legs of the safety standpipes in the cascade stages must have different catches * The seal can practically only be used for one more but or less constant Dampfniederdruok or prepared for a fluctuating only within narrow limits Fiederdruck the steam heating "in the inventive pressure lock is depending on the type of material to be treated train and depending on the type of treatment in the treatment chamber is often a substantial interest, the back pressure in each of the To be able to adjust cascade spaces variably as required, which is made possible with the pressure lock according to the invention. '

For their practical implementation, it is therefore expediently provided that the back pressure in each of the cascade spaces through

909810/0437 "

146Q3Ü

Supply united © gas ö # er dsaqjffoaaaigeai Itaelsittels "over Je a BegeliO ^ pai, wrsEtsweiise a lteA ^ ieiiaAgi ^ uagsTentil or ZeBo erUssßn ^ lariimfflBya? E ^ leT, »AXlMLrlij ^ h. or automatically adjustable

Used for M «. MflhrisgQBgr, the G ^ eatim © fee © © egeii die individually overflow of liquid iaa sem cascade stages <3-as, like air, entwined that sißii Jün <äer l ^ aska & eaifltiesigjkei If it does not dissolve substantially, the easi fluid can be easi temperature ^ eit ^ eiL. Vl »ä iäleae-r l ^ gäiSjmi ^ c a3Der with Baanpf amf gelsraclit, the laei d «a? Iseaaütee ^ satiar iaehr © der in the ea ^^ adenous fluid

f indütngsgemaß- the ^t Ee® $ ®TB & wc § & τ Sa ^ iESAeiaOilBsigkeit asaf -die

, and this setting is automatic

e ± rten size ΐβϋ of the wm. #ejp Äteriallaafen from an according to the invention, the BeäiandlungsfcaBaner Torgesohalteten öcnleuse aiitgenammen M.üssigke-Lt afe ^ useBaeiden and from the treatment feamitter JbD. zuzufüliren the ISruekseäalemse, an on sii ^ h. "Well-known Q ^ etscnirerk iai € ä? r treatment chambers obernaliD äea side parts of this l> ruÄsÄ3jBUise so arranged that the mitgeaioinmeme XaskaJbenflüSÄi ^ teit in the last Easkademirfetti & e

According to the invention, the pressure lock downstream of the treatment chamber can be used to carry out a washing process required behind the treatment chamber, ζ.B ₀ with water, directly in this pressure lock, which then receives the desired washing liquid as a liquid filling quantities of washing liquids worked, i.e. the liquid filling was refilled to a large extent in order to always have enough clean washing liquid available

The number of cascade stages and liquid spaces in the two pressure locks can be arbitrarily in accordance with the excess pressure of the pressure locks are chosen in the treatment chamber and the desired height, in order, for example, _o an excess pressure of 1 to 2 or even 3 atmospheres above atmospheric pressure to take.

In the drawing, a preferred embodiment is the Invention only schematically with a relatively small number of cascade stages, which increases at will can be shown, namely show:

Figo 1 shows a lock according to the invention in the arrangement in front of the associated treatment chamber with the associated Control devices and with only 5 cascade stages, and

2 shows a pressure lock according to the invention with the associated Control devices with also only 5 cascade stages in the arrangement on the outlet side of the treatment chamber

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ORIGINAL

" ^1Ü ~ U603Ü

is displayed on a pressure gauge §. The director at 7 ZeB also be a Schwinun valve

Μ Bhde of the treatment chamber, the material is fed via a last deflection roller 4 and an ÜÄ -lenkwälzÖ 10 arranged at half the height from the BöhahältiniikaÄer hiraiis uM WbBf §iM tiia Öänzes with II designated pressure schietise * din additional auxiliary incandescent aisles. ungskafeair "ordinary AtÄÖBspärendruek of the surrounding

A similar pressure lock I is the entrance fciSffhung 11 the treatment chamber • v-provided »This arrangement · of pressure liases in connection with eiiiSi · BehändluniikaliSf tM onef durbh diisi parts of the inlagu led through the MlSriällahh is known that the pressure fall is now known for the! ÜÜ initially itteohahiiöhen Abdichtgiieäef said f§rtin bäir each consisting of a Sinfachen U- ^ LBHR lit linzigen Wäisöriäulö for DruekäBdiehtung fefcstehen§ It iitztirin Mn in the SdhandlungilaAir Hur io IfeSrirufek Mri seilti Wit it Eahten tir BaMSnI UM * S ^ Ϊ Älitiiin Wk II aiii | e of a single WäSöreäulis auögöglieäfeii # announce liiÄiien priktüeh §ih tfeirlrttdk of niSht »inr ali

According to the invention, through the pressure locks I and II Much higher overpressures of up to 3 atii or more are made possible in the treatment chamber. For this purpose 3ede the pressure locks I or II in the direction of passage of the material web 2 by means of pairs of vertical walls 12, 13 or 14 » or · 16, 17 or · 18, 19 or «20, 21 and 22, 23 or 24, 25 or 26, 27 or ο 28, 29 or 30, 31 divided into pressure-tight spaces, to which also those of the. Treatment chamber adjacent end wall 32 of the inlet lock I and 33 of the outlet lock II.

Each of the even-numbered of these walls are connected to the floor 34 or '35, and, respectively, the odd these walls are respectively with the upper wall 36 _e 37 of the pressure lock pressure-tight manner, for example welded. In each case one of the even-numbered vertical walls form in pairs with the next following odd-numbered wall a riser pipe for receiving a column of liquid, which is the only but pressure-tight and tight connection between the spaces 38, 39, 40, 41 and 42, respectively, which are separated in this way , 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 form.

The columns of liquid are designated 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 or 53, 54, 55, 56 and 57 and are formed in the following way: '

From the steam line 6 (or compressed air line or the like «) goes one branch line 58 or 59 in each case in one of the rooms in FIG. 3e

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38 to 4-1 or 43 to 47, each via a pressure reducing valve 60 or 61 and one safety valve 62 each bzwo 63 · Each of the branch lines is also with a Manometer 64 or "65 connected"

The pressure reducing valves can also be replaced by other suitable control organs, e.g. Sehwimmerventile, for the pressure reduction and can be set manually or automatically so that they pressurized medium in gas or vapor form with a predetermined partial pressure in each of the trees of the two pressure locks Introduce that the sum of these partial pressures at each of the pressure locks I or II is equal to the total overpressure that prevailed in the path extension γ ^ βιβ ^ τ * 3 -

66 or 67
liquid / above a lower liquid level 68 or »69

the mentioned liquid columns 48 to 52 or 53 to 57i

survive like the part of the ruok in that

each by so much above the level 68 / * ·· at the open Side of the liquid column adjacent cascade outHf · der Pressure lock, according to the specific weight of the individual columns of liquid · In this way, cascade stages are formed in series, which together for each pressure lock I or II the entire pressure gradient from the overpressure in the treatment chamber to the surrounding one Gradually absorb atmospheric pressure · The individual partial pressure stages do not necessarily have to be equal to each other but can differ from each other if desired,

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if ζ.B ₀ the liquid columns are formed from liquids of different specific gravity in the individual pressure lock rooms or the walls 12 to 20 or 22 to 30 should be of different heights. In each pail, the upper ends of the last-mentioned walls form overflows, γοη which the liquid, when it is filled in a pressure lock chamber closer to the treatment chamber, can overflow into the next following pressure chamber further away from the treatment chamber.

will

This made it possible to use all pressure rifle rooms from the last column of liquid closest to the treatment chamber by means of a single feed line 70 or 71 to fill if all liquid columns are the same Should contain liquid

Shall the individual columns of fluid for treatment purposes or for other reasons consist of different liquids, so of course there must be a special one for each of the different liquids (in a manner not shown) Supply pipe be provided at the appropriate point of the associated pressure lock I or II «.

The liquid needs especially in the pressure lock II not to be the same as in the pressure lock I, for the following reasons As can be seen, the material web

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in each of the pressure locks or I »II by means of upper guide rollers 72 or ₀ 73 and lower tfmlenkrollen 74- or 75 through the pressure locks so guided that they alternately off and upward or up and down vertically by

protruding

each of the / liquid columns and each of the parts of the bridge lock spaces that are not filled with liquid as well as those ■ below the liquid level 68 or "69". Liquid passes through β This guidance of the material web can be used in each of the pressure locks, in particular the downstream pressure lock II, for a treatment process for the material web by appropriate selection of the liquid. which allows a washing process, which is necessary after the treatment chamber and which does not require a full overpressure of the treatment chamber, to be carried out in whole or in part in the pressure lock II for the maintenance of which is necessary. The contaminated washing liquid then runs off at the end of the pressure lock II via the wall 30 and a connected wall 76 into a collecting tray 77, from which it can be removed in a manner not shown »

Apart from this special case of using the pressure lock II for a treatment process: care must be taken in both pressure locks that the material web 2

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~ ¹⁵ - 1460395 ■

from the Bru & kschleuse I to the - "ehansHungskaBaHer or with AasiMrrein: the material web 2 axis of the Drucksehleus-e II Haasdg3Eed.t replaced and bsw «or

is ·, FSr the separation and return of the liquid from the Druokaehleuse I mitgeniaiBiaieaisai serves a, per se: "Tie? -> · known Qaetsciiwej ^: % Bk & Owe-baostmaLwen 78 and 79t & 3- ^e karz behind the inlet 11 of the BenaaidJ- uaagaksasaier 5 arranged in such a way that the naen ümt ^^ Wtaew ^ the material balm 2 between these ^ ULse »! approved sehte *! liquid on an obliquely near top padded Yerlängertang 32a dear Wandimg 32 hits -and from this Im the benac & barten. DracuaBchleusenrauifl into it

2 taken by the Ife.terialbahii fiwe * la

in the crushing plant 78, not yet separated and returned KLtissigkeit serves in the £ & * & 3) rueksohletise I die Liquid drainage through teaching 70.

Correspondingly, behind the Drueks <3äileuee II there is a squeeze frame with squeeze rollers 80, 81, which means that the squeezed out ^ lfl « Httaslgkei-t in the collecting bowl 77 runs and τοη here ixt this pressure lock in a manner not shown

fesim · More Brwesbz τοη darch die

Material web 2 aas äser Drucicsehleuse H taken along ands never & t KffiE ^ esfcgefufcrfeea? Hilseigkffitfe ge & ehlelit by the ^^ ir

Is through the line 6 in the individual trees of the two Pressure locks do not introduce a gas that practically does not dissolve in the cascade liquid, e.g. compressed air, but steam, which would more or less condense in the pressure lock chambers, it must be ensured that the temperature of the cascade liquid is approximately equal to the saturation temperature at the respective pressure with which the steam is introduced into the individual cascade stage «.

For this purpose, as indicated by dash-dotted lines, heating elements 82 and 83 are attached in the individual pressure lock spaces within the liquid 66 and preferably near the bottom 34 and 35, respectively. The temperature of these heating elements can in the above sense in a conventional manner be regulated automatically constant or a function of the respective partial pressure being set at the D _r uckregelorganen 60 and 61 ',

As can be seen from the comparison of Mg ₀ 1 and Pig 2, the two pressure locks I and II are mirror-inverted in structure and accordingly differ in their arrangement only in that the lower liquid level 68 in the end part 84 of the pressure lock I of the inlet lock ^B is ehandlungskammer adjacent, while the

in
The lower liquid level 69 of the pressure lock II of the treatment chamber is located in part 85 of this pressure lock. The number is of course determined

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of the individual liquid columns or ₀ cascade levels in each of the pressure locks according to the desired height and the specific weight of the liquid, and can be selected as required »

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Claims (1)

18β10.1965 _Max Roller oHG. Ff / Ri. Blackenbach / Saale Patent claims: Pressure lock for the continuous, pressure-tight introduction of a material web, preferably a textile web, into a treatment chamber which is under overpressure or for executing the material web from this chamber, in the form of a water lock, characterized in that for higher overpressures in the treatment chamber (3) the entire overpressure corresponding to the overpressure Liquid column is divided into cascade stages, which are formed by their individually protruding - from one and the same or more liquids - existing liquid columns (48-57) separated gas-tight trees, in which the respective desired portion of the Druok slope corresponding to a cascade stage as gas or steam back-pressure is maintained in known manner, and in that the or from the material web (2) into the treatment chamber into or out of the entrained liquid (66,67) in each of the cascade stages _o at least in the subsequent to the treatment chamber Bndteil (84) of the her before or n Ach-switched pressure lock (i'or II) can be supplemented (at 70 or ₀ 71) ₀ 2. Pressure lock according to claim 1, characterized in that. that the back pressure in each of the cascade spaces (38-47) 909810/0437 by. Supply of a gaseous or vaporous pressure medium Each via a Hegel organ, preferably a pressure reducing valve (60 or 61) can be adjusted arbitrarily or automatically, 3ο pressure lock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the temperature of the cascade liquid (66, 67) to the saturation temperature of the vaporous counter pressure medium, preferably automatic, (at 74 or 75) adjustable «, 4. Arrangement of a pressure lock in front of a downstream treatment chamber according to one of claims 1 to 3 _9, characterized in that a known squeezing mechanism (78,79) in the treatment chamber (3) above the end part (84) of the pressure lock (I) is arranged is that it allows entrained cascade liquid (66) to flow back into the preceding cascade stage, ο Procedure for carrying out the treatment of the web of material with a pressure lock according to one of claims 1 to 4, on the exit side of the treatment chamber (3), characterized in that the liquid filling (67) of this pressure lock (I) for a final washing process serves and is preferably continuously renewed The patent attorney 90-98 10/043 / A]