DE1458830A1 - Method and device for refining pig iron - Google Patents

Description

"Method and device for refining pig iron"

The invention relates to a method for Irish pig iron and Facilities for carrying out this procedure

In ironworks technology, a method for preening pig iron has already become classic, in which an oxidizing gas, which can also contain slag-forming substances in suspension, is blown from above onto or into the molten pig iron in a fresh unit. The application of this process, which has significant economic advantages, is becoming more and more widespread - even worldwide. Of the advantages mentioned, the possibility of producing steels with this hairdressing process should be emphasized, the properties and quality of which can be compared with those of Siemens-Martin-Stahl or Blektro-Stahl, under economic conditions that are often considerable are cheaper than they are in the manufacture of the aforementioned steels. ^;

It is now known that especially in the case of phosphorus-containing raw materials

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Telephone calls have no legally binding effect.

iron melting, in this "classic" fresh process, at least two blowing phases are almost always carried out, each of which is separated from one another by a purification process; However, this brings some significant disadvantages, and there is considerable interest in these disadvantages as far as possible to avoid possible or off completely, as such shortcomings are particularly noteworthy;

a) Loss of time due to the purification (s);

b) heat loss due to heat radiation from the converter during the purification process;

c) Extension of the residence time of the metal in the fresh vessel during his treatment, and consequently also

d) increased stress and wear and tear on the refractory lining, which both increase almost proportionally to the residence time of the metal in the fresh vessel.

If, on the other hand, it is molten pig iron made from hematite which, as is known, in this known freshening process, it is generally advantageous to use a single process phase can be satisfied, on the other hand it is not advantageous to use one and the same slag throughout the Prisch operation to work; because in practice this slag cannot be uniformly liquid and reactive during the entire period of heating be kept, which is especially important for the final phase of the freshening process applies if the slag has been enriched with contaminants in the previous treatment phases »

The invention is based on the object of a method for pricking of pig iron, in which all of the aforementioned disadvantages

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be gehendst or avoided, and which has also yet another new, more remarkable advantages.

This task is performed in a method for preening pig iron, the one in a Frisoh container with an insert made of phosphorus or hematite molten mass is blown in from above with oxidizing gas or gas mixture, and in which this gas is technically purer Oxygen or a mixture with the latter can be, which is finely divided Slack-forming substances, ζ · Β. in powder form or in small pieces, contains, according to the invention achieved in that foaming slag is generated by bubbles, the whole or in part during the entire duration of the freshening or only during part of the freshening operation, depending on the formation of slag from the Fresh vessel is removed.

The new method according to the invention has advantages over all known ones The process has a number of significant advantages: Constant formation of fresh, reactive slag. *, Which is constantly with the metal is in contact, as new slack-forming substances are constantly being introduced into the deeper layers of the bath | Considerable acceleration of the speeds of the physical> chemical Reactions during the. Fresh process and considerable Shifting the assigned equilibrium points, which are extremely beneficial for achieving the best possible hairstyle or hairstyle. Refinement of the melt has an effect, due to the continuous removal of foaming slag, at least partially Has already acted with the He tallkre;

üin another particularly important advantage of the invention Procedure consists in the possibility for its implementation

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To use fresh containers with a small specific volume »For example the method according to the invention can be used in frisehaving vessels with a specific VJLumen of 0.3-0.7 m per ton of pig iron, while "with the known methods, in which the continuously progressive removal according to the invention of slag or a continuous purification according to the invention does not take place, generally fresh containers with a specific volume of 0.6 - 1.4 m per ton of pig iron is required are.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Process takes place the steady progressive removal of slag in such a way that you get the foaming slag from overflows into the fresh vessel, be it at the height of the fiddler's nose of the fresh container, be it at the level of a side opening in

the wall of the fresh container, the height of which has been carefully chosen. With respect to the position 'of the discharge opening for the foaming slag e _r invention is according noted that there is always a sufficient amount of slag from the fresh container must be removed, ie, the amount (foaming) slag which is removed from the fresh container must in be at least equal to the amount of fresh slag that forms within the fresh vessel at this assigned moment. From this it follows that the choice of the position of the discharge opening for the slag is of considerable importance, because on the one hand, so that the freshening with the purification according to the invention takes place under the best possible conditions, this purification must be carried out continuously and in accordance with the above-mentioned condition "sufficiently" , and on the other hand, the amount of

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cracked metallic particles do not get too big. Through the The first of these two conditions is the size of the ratio:

Height of the slag: Height of the bath (the melt) upwards, but the second of these conditions limits this size downwards. It has now been shown that, in order to meet these two conditions, it is advantageous to keep the size of this ratio in a range between 0.5 and 1.5. By carefully tilting the irish vessel, one is able to keep the value of this ratio within the range between the stated (upper and lower) limits in a simple manner, and to adapt it to the respective given operating conditions admit.

in the event that the foaming of the slag proves to be insufficient proves, there are several in the method according to the invention Possibilities of the formation of foaming slag in the mixing vessel Systematic promotion: One of these possibilities is, for example, the one that directly promotes foam formation in the bath (the melt) Adding substances, e.g. iron oxides, chromium oxide, carbon in the form of graphite, magnesium or the like. i) These substances can be used in the bathroom or be fed to the melt individually or in a mixture, advantageously in dust form, either directly or by means of the blow lance. In the latter case it is advantageous to take this as well To mix substances with the slag-forming substances suspended in the oxidizing gas.

It is evident that the continuous introduction of such foam-promoting agents together with the sole token formers requires ^:

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is particularly advantageous, because in this way, immediately, immediately and at the same time both the foaming of the slag and its reaction with the impurities (undesirable alloy components) favored and promoted in the metal to be freshened or refined.

The use of graphite or magnesium as foam-promoting substances proves to be more advantageous than the iron oxides, than that of the steadily ongoing slag removal the amount of slag withdrawn is reduced »

According to the invention, such foam-promoting substances can also be introduced wholly or partly in coarse-grained form; in particular For example, graphite in grain sizes of 2 mm and above, possibly even up to about 100 mm in grain size, can be introduced.

The quantities of such foam-promoting substances to be introduced are natural different and depend both on the special .properties the substances used in each case, as well as the properties of the pig iron melt, from which one starts, and from which to producing steel grade. In general, however, a proportion of such foam-promoting substances of 1 $ - 10 $ (percent by weight) to be most beneficial to the slag present in the fresh vessel »

Another way of promoting foam formation and achieving it a sufficiently foaming slag in the method according to the invention is that the height of the mouth of the Blowing lance below the lower edge of the slag discharge opening adjusts and holds and also in a manner known per se

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Adjustment and maintenance of the foaming / Btandes of the slag, controls or changes the blowing conditions. That way it gets
one in the bath an emulsion of metal and slag, so that what
It is particularly advantageous that the fresh gas jet can penetrate into the depths of the bath or the melt much more easily, while at the same time the reactions between metal and slag are considerable
be accelerated. This advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is of particular importance when it is combined with a continuously continuous supply of substances for prilling and substances for promoting the foaming of the slag. on
in this way the level of the slag is downright
and regularly to a value at which the slag can be discharged particularly easily, and this slag foam has already reacted very well with the metal. :

Yet another way to encourage slag foaming or to favor it, according to the invention, consists in using the lance oversized by giving her an inside diameter, for example which is calculated from the following formula:

d y (o, o2 D) · p "" ^1/2

d = inside diameter of the blowing lance in millimeters

D = diameter of the metal bath in meters

ρ = blowing pressure of the fresh gas in ata
means",

Through various advantageous developments of the invention " sen method and the advantageous embodiments cited as examples the same can be the efficiency and the efficiency

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of the same can be increased even further

So it is particularly advantageous to have the lance off-center To give position between the axis of the fresh vessel and the outlet opening for the slag and at the same time the lower end to direct the same into the interior of the fresh vessel! Thus, an ejection of metal or metallic particles in sighting on the Slag discharge opening can be reduced considerably; because for this metal or these metal particles there is otherwise the considerable Danger of having them after being by the force of the blow jet have been entrained for refining in the emulsion of metal and slag, then from the fresh container through the Slag discharge opening can be conveyed out together with the slag

In another advantageous development of the method according to the invention, this entrainment of metal or metal particles is considerably reduced or completely prevented by directing one or more gas jets onto the upper part of the fresh vessel, preferably in blowing directions inclined with respect to the vertical not nur'erreicht that said metal or metal displacement even still from the discharge for the slag or are driven off, but at the same time also the contact between M _e tall and slag will be promoted or enhanced.

Discharging or removing the slag according to the inventive Process in suitable amounts in each case is advantageously carried out

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wisely through a discharge opening with a relatively small one Cross-section and by having an overpressure inside

of the fresh vessel is working. By 'these two measures will not

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only facilitates the discharge or removal of the slag, but the co-operation of these forces the grass and those through Irish reactions created exhaust gases, this discharge opening with high speed, and they help to improve the yield of this sleeping room.

As stated above, it is an essential characteristic of the method according to the invention that the slag is steady and continuously discharged from the siskin or Irish vessel or is removed, either during a part of the iris ear passage or during the entire pawn of the same.

Hun it is plausible, ä & B it is not hunted because of inconsistent economic reasons; unteraehiedslos Sohlaeken with high Qe. holds an üsejao ^ d ki% ^ g% ¹ ^ ³ "* Sohlactteem a with low content of this» ferrbiadUÄgem- from. d @ a KrisabgefSß afeauaiehen · Ea is yes be

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started when this slag has reached a composition in which it no longer has any miscibility ranges: at this moment the iron oxide content of the slag is higher than when its composition is shown in the three-component diagram of the slag formers of the system P ₂ ° 5 "" ^{σ &} 0 ~ FeO + MnO would be in the resulting mixture range, and at this moment the slag can be regarded as economically viable during the steadily ongoing detoxification with the amount of iron.

The slag, the advantageous corresponding to the one just described Further development of the method according to the invention for refining pig iron continuously at the time specified here. point is deducted or removed from the Irish vessel * has one greater content of lime and 3 phosphorus * pentoxide than the first Slag that forms at the start of the refining process; she is therefore special from the agricultural point of view Interesting. On the other hand, the Oehalt of this eyelid is reduced of iron oxide, which at the beginning of the inventive stripping or

same is low, still further until one is reached, beyond which a renewed enrichment

Slag with Eisenöxyet uses »So that the invention at all times set as economical as possible, must

Exercise steadily on the side sheet entrainment (the slag discharge or

SieJElaeikeinsEBstrag :) uxi; t> * e-rErrQeEieaa; weardea before the iron oxide content <over visually varnish unmanmirber high

la® l2? ± BZ; ip: _K that of the training course described above; dea er _{/ N} fiBattmgsgemänliche proceeding is based on, be in the smiley

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for example and without restrictive meaning with reference to the three-component diagram shown in FIG the composition of the slag of a certain slag type in the course of a refining process so schematically that those ternary areas or boundaries emerge, between which the continuously continuous deglazing according to the invention should advantageously remain limited. On the curves that represent the changes in the slag composition, "ab ¹¹ and»! cd ¹¹ denotes those sections which are assigned to the compositions that are outside the area reserved for continuous detoxification, while "bc ⁿ denotes that section which contains those slag compositions in which the inventive continuous decision painting has to be done.

According to the invention, the amount of slag withdrawn easy to control and informed at any moment about the assigned content of this slag of metallic iron to be, preferably continuously, the 'fresh vessel leaving slag quantity weighed and depending on this the Course of the slag removal changed accordingly, e.g. by a change the inclination of the fresh vessel, which at the same time changes the position of the slag discharge opening in relation to the surface of the slag foam is changed.

jis is now known that from a certain point in time the The content of oxidized iron in the slag is so high that the

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same has the composition of a fresh slag that the Setting a low phosphorus content in a metallic melt enables: Once this moment has been reached, it must The pouring off of this slag may be slowed down or even interrupted, thus reducing the discharge of Me'tall during the Fresh surgery is avoided.

The analytical determination of the slag composition is now a means that allows to determine the point in time from which from it is advisable to slow down or stop the removal or removal of this slag ^ the one already described above However, the method according to the invention of continuously continuous weighing is significantly faster and easier to perform. Another advantage of this weighing method, which is advantageously carried out by means of a electronic high-speed scale is carried out, but also consists in the fact that when the content of the slag increases. metallic iron suddenly increases, at the same time the weight of the slag suddenly increases: the steadily ongoing weighing is but now a simple means for the immediate display of such

Sudden changes, so that the IfcxDdbBxSSDQiverker very quickly

can take or initiate all necessary measures to effectively limit iron losses, which is compatible with all relevant, previously known methods is impossible. These known methods are based on the measurement of the total amounts of lime and Oxygen blown up to a certain given moment have been: These variables are, however, much less characteristic of the state of the slag than the instantaneous values the weight of the slag are

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It is also known that "in the case of phosphate fertilizers, the main active component of the artificial fertilizer is phosphorus anhydride (P ₂ O ^)? It is also generally known that the degree of absorption capacity of the plants with regard to this active substance is marked or can estimate by measuring the solubility of phosphate in citric acid or citric acid ammonium;

In this way it has been possible to establish that the solubility of a phosphate in citric acid or citric acidic compound depends on the composition of this phosphate, in particular on the value of the percentage ratio of the proportions of silica (SiOp) and phosphorus anhydride (P ₂ O, -) to one another * For good solubility it is necessary that the ratio Oc is always greater than 0.3 ",

In order to now use the method according to the invention in the course of the! Frisch operation to produce a slag with a sufficiently high content in a simple way with steadily ongoing detoxification of phosphorus anhydride (Pp ° 5) to give the slag a for citric acid solubility required for a good synthetic fertilizer lend, v / ground according to a further advantageous development the embodiment of the invention described above Procedure during the entire duration of the pricing process. the blowing conditions as well as the addition of slag-forming substances, e.g. lime

ss
Or the like., adjusted so that the flügfefcige, the fresh vessel (eg · the converter) leaving slag has a content of phosphorus anhydride (B ₂ ° 5 ^ ^{Yon mostly} -V than $ 14, but preferably more than by according to the progress of the Irish

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Reactions, if necessary, of the silica (SiO ₂ ) or silica slag.,; or silicon-containing substances added in such quantities that the liquid slag always has a value of the ratio t SiOg / ^^ which always remains greater than 0.3? this addition according to the invention of the substances mentioned is preferably carried out outside the irrigation vessel "

In the method according to the invention, various are advantageous Methods for delaying, interrupting or preventing the Slag generation or to remove the slag from the prisching vessel applicable. For example, the height of the lance and / or the throughput of lime or oxygen can be changed. Liese measures are certainly very effective, but they take up too much time: The lifting of the slag hole, possibly with one, is sufficient long and slightly inclined overflow channel is provided, on the other hand, can be done more quickly, since this is done by simple Tilting the pear (the converter ο «the like) can be achieved under Circumstances, if necessary, can be a plug (tampon) made of refractory material, wood or a compressible and Tearable material must be used, which is perfectly tight fits into the slag discharge hole »

In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, in order to recover the metal carried away by the slag during its discharge, the withdrawn slag and the metal carried away by it are --catched in a special vessel and - then the slag is separated from the metal, for example ' siöiitiges Vör-by decanting, clarifying, spin etc "i.Das thus recovered M _e tall can e, g," and shed processed

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can be processed, for example in the subsequent fresh process but can also be fed back into the pear (the converter Oodgl.)

The T _r of the slag from the metal ennen by carefully pouring may advantageously be in the process becoming erfindurigsgemäßen made as follows substantially in the three treatment phases

First is the slag that is beginning to overflow from the Main or first fresh vessel flows out, collected in an empty erected pan; through careful pouring it is achieved, that in it drops of steel and drops of metal are separated from one another; in the upright position the pan contains except Steel and metal still have a certain amount of the first slag, which may contain more silicon than the next Slag · This gives a very homogeneous mixture of slag, which is particularly suitable as an artificial fertilizer.

In the course of a further treatment phase of overflow For example, the slag pan can be tilted so that only the steel or metallic particles are retained. Then that will Continuing to withdraw the slag from the pan; this pan only forms a treatment stage in the slag removal process between the main vessel (the fresh vessel), e.g. the converter, and the purification vessel

Finally, towards the end of the separation process, the pan can again- " who are erected to ax iron-enriched slag, which can continue to flow during the clogging of the semolina hole or while the pear is being raised; on -

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This prevents this slag from being mixed with that which is in the slag tank, which is what happens of operations would be unavoidable which serve to interrupt or discontinue the withdrawal of the sole token from the converter if the said pan would not be used according to the invention. According to the invention, this separation of the base lacquer from the metal can accordingly the conditions given in each case can be adapted to the circumstances by applying at least two of the treatment phases listed to all possible ways can be combined with each other.

As can be seen from the above, in the invention Process through the steadily continuously withdrawn slag particles entrained from iron or iron compounds} the economic efficiency of the process demands that this entrainment be carried out as far as possible is prevented. But now sioh has been completely unexpected and surprising show that precisely these particles, which are carried away by the continuously withdrawn slag, are in a very advanced state Fresh process are, in practice, consist of ready-fresh metal. On taking into account this surprising Determination is based on an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention for continuously continuous (progressive) Refining pig iron.

Accordingly, this advantageous further development is characterized by that first (as already described) is continuously refined, with a foaming slag is generated, which intentionally is loaded with metal particles that this slag and the metal particles overflow from the freshener to put them in

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a certain linriohtung, in which then the slag and the refined metallic particles are separated, for example by careful draining or by spinning, and that finally the Irish establishment with material to be freshened depending on the discharge of fresh material.

In this context it should be pointed out that the overall procedure of the continuous (continuously continuous) Prischens inherent advantages are well known, and that these advantages are of such importance that they alone are economic Justify meaning. In particular, it should be noted that the production of steel, which is a connecting link between a blast furnace that actually works continuously and a continuous casting plant for steel and steel pin casting today is being developed seriously and strongly.

The method according to the invention also has the another significant benefit. that there is an improvement in the noise footprint of the Irish process, as well as making quick and easy corrections to the metal or to what was created in the process Steel, e.g. because it allows simple segregation of the substances that form or oxidize substances.

In an advantageous embodiment of the last described " benen hairdressing process according to the invention is pig iron (melt) added to the fresh vessel during the hairdressing process, depending on intermittently, pulsating, regularly or irregularly as required, but preferably continuously and in quantities equal to the metal

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quantities are carried along with the slag and out of the Prischgefäß to be carried out "

This further development according to the invention allows in addition to the ongoing Removal of the slag is a continuous removal of - partially or fully refined - metal, which is described in the can be recovered according to the invention. This liquid metal recovered in this way can then be used in a manner known per se Wise shed - possibly after another hairdressing operation for freshening up.

The molten pig iron can be introduced into the container during the refining process that takes place in it in various ways: for example, it can be from above, from the side or below the bath surface are introduced. However, to the process It is advantageous not to disturb the Irish process, even locally this melt is brought directly into the depth of the bath (or the hearth). This introduction of pig iron (s-melt) in

the lower parts of the Irish vessel are therefore special advantageous because as the added pig iron rises, its temperature rises and its decarburization progresses.

The amount of added in the manner described according to the invention As already mentioned, pig iron (melt) is essentially equal to the amount of that discharged together with the slag at any moment Metal. According to the invention, this amount of discharged metal can be used influenced or influenced in various advantageous ways

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are regulated »It is particularly advantageous to change the Distance of the blower lance from the bath or a change in the one on the Bad impinging aas inherent kinetic energy. But it is also advantageous for this purpose to allow the gas jet to strike the bath at an angle and / or the amount of the gas jet in suspension to change the slag-forming substances carried along, to regulate the gas throughput (the amount of gas), to adjust the foam height,

with overpressure
or TÄrtoKRÄKoadi: to work.

In this embodiment of the method according to the invention, As already described, further treatment of the metal recovered from the slag, if it has not been sufficiently refined the same outside of the fresh food container in another Container (e.g. a second fresh container) with another advantageous development of this procedure according to the invention the metal caught in the second container is subjected to continuous or intermittent reheating and, depending on the im In individual cases, an additional, appropriate fresh operation and / or a discontinuation of the steel quality and / or subjected to deoxidation

This procedure according to the invention can advantageously be developed by running out of the first (or main) fresh container and the mixture of foaming slag and metal in the described second vessel, e.g., a pan, provided with a device to separate the slag from the metal (e.g. a facility for tilting), so that one is able to arbitrarily regulate the floating on the metal Slag from this second vessel - continuously or intermittently -

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to be able to drain while the metal remains in it.

According to the invention, in a further advantageous development between the first (main) open vessel and the second vessel one steady (continuously) working extraction or pouring device be arranged, which on the one hand for! separation of the slag from the metal and the the continuous discharge of the soles, on the other hand, the continuous flow of the metal into the second vessel.

If the method according to the invention is carried out batchwise according to In this advantageous further development, the second vessel, when it is filled, is replaced by another vessel that is the same Serves purposes and is in turn filled with metal, while the full, replaced vessel is independent of different, by the respective condition or the respective determination of the metal is subjected to certain procedures, e.g. finish freshening, adjustment of the steel location or quality, deoxidation, or the like. more. In a particularly advantageous procedure, a or several complementary such procedures were carried out.

The supplementary finished freshening can in principle be carried out in a conventional manner known per se. Advantageously, according to the invention, this supplementary finished freshening is carried out according to a pneumatic method, according to which an oxidizing gas, preferably pure oxygen, possibly together with finely dispersed in it, is fed into the described second vessel from above hose-forming substances, is blown. Advertising deducted the tall so for the second time gefrischte M _e can either final steadily ongoing operation

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when it is in a satisfactory condition or degree of completion; has enough, or has to undergo a third treatment, I. preferably after this, together with his sole, continuously! was transferred into a third vessel in the same way

and manner as this has already been described: accordingly it acts in the last described further development of the invented

According to the procedure, loop around three parts in cascade operation take place one after the other.

On the other hand, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the two partial refreshments, namely the first and the second hairdressing phase, can be carried out particularly advantageously and effectively by giving them special features that depend on one another, whereby particularly noteworthy results are achieved. Accordingly, for example, the line is controlled so that a first slag with a low iron content, for example between 5 $ and 3o #, preferably between 109ε and 20 $, is _{obtained in the first vessel, which at the same time has a content of P 2} O, - of has at least 15 $, a partially ready-frozen metal can be separated from a slag in the pouring pan, which is of good quality and particularly suitable for use as an artificial fertilizer. Advantageously, this treatment phase in the first vessel is followed by a second threefold phase in the second vessel, this irisohening being carried out in a very strongly oxidizing manner, so that a slag with a high level of iron and a low phosphorus content is obtained, which is particularly suitable for being returned to the first Frisian vessel for mixing with pig iron smelting or scrap is suitable.

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According to the invention, it can be advantageous in the course of the second Hairdressing operation to strike scrap · Further it can according to the invention be advantageous, especially in those cases in which the surcharge of scrap in one or the other fresh vessel under Certain circumstances could lead to a certain delay in one or the other process phase, to accelerate the melting of the Scrap or to accelerate the process itself burner, preferably an oxygen-fuel burner. The finished, refined metal can either be

Molds without molds or in continuous cast XoEirtaliiasritsuanc are cast.

The described method according to the invention with all its possible Embodiments made possible, as can be seen from the above description - regardless of whether one of high phosphorus Pig iron or hematite emanates - in continuous operation To produce perfectly finished and alloy or quality class appropriately adjusted steel, at the same time but also heavily phosphorus-containing slag with a low iron content and - in the case of heavily phosphorus-containing pig iron - dae with it relatively high lime content is very well suited as an artificial fertilizer, and - through recovery from the first fresh vessel - possibly a Slag with a high iron concentration and low phosphorus content. From this alone are the significant economic advantages of the method according to the invention with all its possible embodiments can be recognized immediately

In addition, the method according to the invention allows a special one advantageous grain size of the slag produced, ao that in addition to the other advantages also a particularly economical one

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Reclamation of slag is possible.

Pneumatic methods for granulating slag are known per se; in these methods, a gas jet is blown onto a jet of liquid slag, thereby forming a Z _e rstäbung this slag and the granulation is effected.

Such graining processes can be carried out by means of equipment whose phases or periods of work are not precisely determined depending on the Irish operations. This indubitable Advantage, however, are opposed to some disadvantages, of which the device for graining is mentioned here, among other things Quite complicated because of the hose pans, drainage channels and possibly also heating means to maintain the liquid state the slag must be provided up to its grain size.

On the other hand, such graining processes can also be carried out directly below the metallurgical container In this case, the work phases or periods of the facilities used for this purpose are of course directly linked to the fresh operations in connection or directly depend on their sequence. In this case, the granulation device is then much simpler, than with the first-mentioned graining method, on the other hand, this second method has the very significant disadvantage that it allows a slag granulation only within the short periods of detoxification. Added to this is the second graining process the further disadvantage that in the moment of the purification the The amount of slag to be treated is very considerable, which in turn requires a considerable amount of appropriate facilities be what a suitable or appropriate slag grain size djsr

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the total amount of soles produced is extremely difficult ι

In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention the creek parts described of the known methods of slag granulation are avoided by the in the course of the invention Process continuously generated and flowing out of the fresh vessel liquid slag is pneumatically granulated, and although this pneumatic slag granulation takes place here during at least a considerable period of time. Total time during which takes place in the refining of the pig iron. According to the invention this pneumatic slag granulation take place, for example, that at least one gas or liquid jet obliquely or transversely to the The pouring stream of liquid slag is directed.

This advantageous further development of the method according to the invention made possible by the combination of the already identified advantageous features of this process for refining pig iron with those of the characterized methods according to the invention of slag granulation are a combination of the pneumatic slag granulation inherent advantages with the advantages of continuous hot metal refinement according to the invention, using facilities find, which in their simplicity cannot be compared with the well-known complicated devices for pneumatic Grit. It is particularly advantageous that the grain size of the total amount of the poured slag can be carried out very conveniently can, as it extends over the entire time required for pouring off the slag.

This advantageous further development of the inventive fresh

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then it turns out to be a process with pneumatic solute grains as particularly favorable if the hairdressing of the pig iron by blowing in an oxidizing gas, the solute-forming substances in Carries suspension, takes place from above. One has to bear in mind that the slugs produced in the known "classical" processes represent significantly different states of aggregation or significantly different physical properties to have. It can be lumpy, doughy, spongy, runny and other types of slag, and most of these slags can therefore be granulated by means of the known methods of slag cannot be treated directly at all, because their physical state or their properties for these treatment methods are by no means cheap. The only exception here is the slag, which is in the liquid state and which is therefore immediately be subjected to such a graining procedure can «However, this slag can only be granulated in facilities that are directly below the hair dryer are arranged. Since it is now evident on the one hand that the process control when refining pig iron depends on the producing steel - its composition, requirements regarding temperature resistance and much more. - must be done, and by no means Depending on the physical state of the slag, on the other hand, it is clear that slag is by no means always liquid Condition. But this is with regard to the slag grain a very serious disadvantage. All the disadvantages mentioned are now eliminated according to the invention because the foaming Slag can drain from the fresh vessel depending on its formation; this is obviously the simplest, most effective and in general the best method, -solute slag immediately, away-

8 0 8813/0828

-26-

grain continuously and under the best operating conditions.

It is obvious that the last-described advantageous ¹ further development of the method according to the invention can also be especially used for steady continuous refining of pig iron with pneumatic particle size of Sohlacke advantageous for the implementation thereof in several process stages as particularly advantageous above in connection with some Embodiments of the method according to the invention has been described, takes place. The method of slag conveyance according to the invention is applied individually every time a need for slag grains arises.

The invention also relates to the described method for pricking of pig iron and its further developments also devices for carrying out this process,

Because of the fundamental importance of the feature of the continuously continuous Removal of the slag (or the continuously ongoing purification) is naturally also the embodiment according to the invention of all devices for freshening with a continuously continuous opening essential.

One of these devices according to the invention consists, for example from an upright container of substantially cylindrical ϊοπη, which is closed at the bottom; this container has a lateral Opening to detoxify, and it becomes narrower in its upper part, similar to a "classic" converter with full The bottom of the pail so that the upper part of the container is

-27- 900813/0828

preferably shows a conical shape

In an advantageous further development of such a container, a lid with an opening for the tightest possible introduction and passage of a blowing or fresh lance from above is provided on it.

This container, which is further developed according to the invention, shows the considerable The advantage of this is that during the blowing process inside the container wall, container base and container lid are formed Frisohgefäßes establish and maintain an overpressure can, which helps to keep the exhaust gases from the IPrischgefäß duroh the drive out side opening; At the same time, the exhaust gases contribute to expel the slag layer floating on the molten metal through the container opening.

The tapping of the finished metal or steel may be made duroh a pour hole, the & chiackungsöffnung present invention is preferably in relation to the mentioned t En is arranged. This pouring hole is advantageously arranged higher than the lateral purification opening, specifically at a height which is 1-2 times the slag thickness above the height of the purification opening. This design according to the invention has the advantage, on the one hand, that no fresh vessel is required, the total height of which above the slag is outside of permissible and justifiable limits, and on the other hand, the further advantage that

the slag does not reach this pouring hole during its foaming can.

The lateral discharge opening is advantageously with a drainage channel or nozzle, the arrangement and design of which

9 0 98 1 3/08 2 8

-28-

direction according to the respective requirements "or the needs

Stahlniseen des Sag & öd & ftwerkers can be different.

In the case of a downwardly inclined arrangement (in the sense of direction from the inside of the container to the outside when this container is in the upright position), which is preferably an opposite one inclination, this drainage channel or drainage nozzle has a rising in the sense of the withdrawal direction of the slag Position up. This particular arrangement is particularly advantageous for preventing metal particles from being carried away by the Slag leaving fresh container (e.g. converter). The slope of the The drainage channel or drainage connection is also determined by the requirement that a loss of such metal particles through their direct ejection from the fresh vessel or converter should be avoided. For this purpose, this slag removal device can be improved, for example, that in the interior of the discharge nozzle independently of the same one in rotary motion to be relocated pipe is arranged.

The essence of the invention and its advantages are set out below with reference to the drawings showing a number of exemplary embodiments

represent of devices for performing the method according to the invention, for example and explained without restrictive meaning. E ₈ show:

Fig. 1 schematically in a three-component diagram the miscibility or the saturation areas of lime and those ternary areas between which advantageously the steadily ongoing purification should remain limited according to the invention;

909813/0828 ~ ²⁹ ~

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a converter schematically and in longitudinal section

with a drainage channel that is directed downwards in the sense of the slag removal for continuous removal the slag j

4 shows a converter schematically and in longitudinal section with an eccentrically introduced blowing lance and an ascending lance in the sense of slag removal Slag discharge duct}

I ¹ Xg. 5 schematically and in longitudinal section a converter with a slag discharge opening j coinciding with the converter hat

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another exemplary embodiment schematically and in longitudinal section a converter for carrying out the refining process according to the invention with continuous overflow;

8 and 9 show a device schematically and in longitudinal section to carry out a further embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Fig.io, 11 and 12 each different schematically and in longitudinal section Means for carrying out the method according to the invention, with continuous Refining the pig iron}

13 shows a device schematically and in longitudinal section to carry out an embodiment of the invention Method with cascade arrangement of individual! Functional elements, and

14 shows schematically in a diagram the changes in

of the bath composition when carrying out an embodiment of the invention according to en Fri · se hv. 9098 13/0828

'-3o-

Pig. 15 schematically and in longitudinal section the cooperation of a converter with a device for graining of slag according to the invention, and

Pig. 16 schematically shows a side view of the converter according to Pig. 15 with slag discharge opening and pipe system to blow compressed air onto the overflowing slag

909813/0829

The three-component diagram of the system (P _? O, - - OaO - IeO + MhO), shown schematically in FIG. 1, has already been described in detail above.

The further FIGS. 2-12 show gate directions for carrying out the method according to the invention or various, already described, advantageous embodiments of this method in schematic form Depiction.

In the examples shown schematically in FIGS. 2 to 5 Devices for carrying out the method according to the invention are only a few exemplary embodiments those devices which are particularly suitable for freshening according to the invention with continuous detoxification by overflowing the same. Converters 2o and 3o are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, those with drainage ports. 21 and 31 are provided for the continuous removal of slag, which in the sense of the slag withdrawal direction are inclined or directed downwards.

In Fig. 4, a converter 4o is shown as a fresh vessel, which with an eccentric -introduced blowing lance 42 and with a slag discharge nozzle 41 is provided, which latter is arranged rising upwards in the sense of the slipper pull-off direction. Naturally In all of these embodiments, the slag drainage benefits be arranged in such a way that their orientation can be adjusted according to the respective requirements.

In the inventive shown schematically in FIG Irish vessel acts; it is a converter 5o, with which the ochlackenabKUgsöffnung 57 coincides with the converter hat.

909813/0828 '

-31-

Here are the upper and lower levels of the converter hat with the converter erected on a slope which forms an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the converter, which advantageously between 30 ° and 70 °, but preferably between 4-0 ° and 55 °. This shown in Fig. 5 converter 5o still has the further advantage that it is cylindrical in its interior, so that the height available for the slag thereby is still enlarged; this cylindrical design of the converter interior also facilitates the careful pouring of the Steel and thereby the amount of metal carried away by the slag is remarkably reduced. This converter according to Fig. 5 proves for the implementation of the invention The method is particularly advantageous when the ratio between that is available for the slag before it overflows standing volume to the volume available for the underlying molten metal has a value between 0.25 and 3, preferably but has between o.75 and 2.

In the fresh vessel according to FIG. 5, the molten metal (the Metal bath) denotes the volume of the converter occupied by 51, the volume filled by the slag floating on the metal bath with 52 j the upper limit of the slag 52 is through the lower Edge 53 of the converter hat given. When the slag 52 overflows, an overflow nozzle 54 is used, which is an extension of the converter hat and which ensures the drainage of the slag 52 in a predetermined direction. At 55 it is denotes a blower lance, while 56 denotes the upper edge of the converter hat.

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909813/0828

Like from Pig. 5, the lower edge 53 and the, · .. upper edge 56 of the converter hat when the converter 5o in vertically upright position is located on one opposite the Longitudinal axis of the converter inclined straight line - in the case of the one shown. Ausfühiungsbeispiel this angle is 40 ° and the ratio between the volume occupied by the slag 52 to that of the pig iron melt 51 located below it filled volume is equal to 1.96.

Further advantageous devices for carrying out the invention ]? risch process with steadily progressive detoxification are schematic and for example in the Pig. 6 and 7 shown.

Pig. 6 shows a converter 6o in a vertically upright position, while one in Pig. 7 after a slight pivoting (Tilting) was brought about a horizontal axis in a position in which the overflow or drainage of the slag is reduced or also can be prevented entirely. The upper cover 62 of the converter dome is here 64 provided with a cutout 63, which is in a vertical, to lie parallel to the plane of the overflow nozzle comes, and which allows by its arrangement and design to carry out a tilting movement with the converter 6o without it Consideration would have to be given to the position of the blowing lance 61. The metal bath or molten metal to be refined is denoted by 66; In the course of the pricking process, a is formed on the metal bath 66 Slag layer that is continuously flowing over the overflow or drainage nozzle 65 expires.

In the pig. 8 and 9 is an advantageous arrangement for implementation of the method according to the invention shown schematically in

909813/0828

-33-

U58830

that between the fresh vessel 81 and the slag pan 83 is a vessel 82 is interposed for careful pouring Intermediate pouring vessel 82 is in Pig. 8 in upright Position shown in which it serves to catch metal and temporarily also of overflowing or withdrawn slag, while the The pouring vessel 82 in the position shown in FIG. 9 is used solely to pour off the metallic lights.

In the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS of devices for carrying out the method according to the invention are those which are particularly with regard to an effective implementation of the steadily continuous prissing are designed accordingly in order to thereby also allow possible modifications, To bring combinations or control methods to the best possible effect.

In Pig.io such a device is shown schematically, in which a Prischgefäß 1oo is supplied or charged with liquid pig iron at 1o.1. The Prischgefäß is provided with a coverIo2, through which a blowing lance 1o3 is inserted. In addition, a separating vessel 1o4, which is tiltable, is provided in the device. This separation vessel 1o4 is equipped with a device 1o5 for injecting liquid Perro-Hangan. The mixing vessel 1oo is provided with a further opening 1o6 for pressure equalization and an opening 1o7 for drawing off a mixture of slag with refined metal particles. The separation vessel 1o4 has pouring holes 1o8 and 1o9, of which 1o8 is used to pour steel and 1o9 to pour off slag. ¹

Pig. 11 and 12 show another advantageous embodiment

909813/082 8

-34-

example of a device for carrying out the fresh process according to the invention, particularly with a view to the best possible constant updating or opinion is formed * Parts with the same or essentially the same function are analogous with the same reference numerals as in Fig.io designated. In further development the device according to Fig.io, however, a heating device 11 o is provided in this embodiment, by means of which the scrap can be heated using the exhaust gases generated during the refining process. The lance 1o3 is arranged differently here, than in the device according to Fig.io; also is with this Further development according to Figure 11 and 12, the basic Function of the freshening device sohematically shown in FIG corresponds, in addition, a burner 111 for the throughput of oxygen and fuel is provided which is used to melt scrap introduced into the bath.

Advantageously, all freshening devices used can according to of the invention with a lid in the upper part of the hat or Domes are provided, similar to that shown schematically in Fig.6 and has been described in detail above with reference to this FIG. 6} the recess 63 is advantageous here be cylindrical.

Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the device for Implementation of the method according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG shown in which a number of fresheners cooperate in a cascade arrangement.

In the device shown schematically in Figure 13 is a

909813/0828 .. '-55-

Arranged converter I, which is charged with m ± t pig iron, scrap and with slag recovered at the end of the hairdressing operation. the metallic molten salt 131 is refined by means of a blowing lance 132, through which pure oxygen, which carries lime powder in suspension,

is blown in. The emulsion 133 formed from metal and slag is continuously drawn off and placed in a separation vessel II collected, in which the heavily phosphorus-containing slag 134- with little Iron content that floats on the molten metal, back. is held, while the partially refined metal 135 is drawn off and in the process passes into an additional refining vessel III. the Metal melt 136 located there, which is composed of this withdrawn metal and sohrot, is blown by means of a blowing lance 137 »through which pure oxygen is blown in suspension with lime powder. Then, in turn, this is done Forming slag emulsion 138 is continuously drawn off, this being poured into a base token pan IV * In this Sohlackenpfanne IV becomes the slag 1391 which is rich in iron, recovered to be fed back to the fresh vessel (e.g. converter) I, to become, while on the other hand the steel 14o from the slag pan IV is withdrawn and then poured into a container V, where deoxidizing agents are added and the setting of the grinding quality is carried out. The finished steel 14-1 is then cast in a continuous casting plant.

This device shown in Fig. 13 not only allows an effective implementation of the continuously continuous according to the invention Frisohens, but is particularly suited to all sorts of things Modifications, combinations or control methods with respect to the method according to the invention, of which above only, for example

909Ö13 / 0828

-36-

a few have been described to bring them to the best possible effect. For example, in this sense, the cascaded combination or sequence II, VI a _s m, the indicated in Fig. 13 different functional elements are modified or permutated as desired or according to the respectively present special conditions, eg in a sequence of associated puncturing elements I, u. .

As indicated above, a development according to the invention is the above method by combining freshening with steady Continuous purification and graining of this slag during the fishing operation is very advantageous and offers particularly considerable economical advantages. This combination according to the invention of three individual puncture units of the invention can, for example consist in that at the outlet of the outlet of the first (or main) fresh vessel ^ a device for graining Slag is arranged; on the other hand, such a slag granulating device but can also be provided at the exit of the pouring vessel if it is Irish with steadily progressive Overflow or is a process of continuously and continuously carried out irisöhens. The pan used here is advantageously arranged to be tiltable so that you can get the grainy sauce Schlackenmen ^ i by appropriate! Adjust tilting of the same can and to a pouring-like grain i @ v »änrleis% et is»

Sin AüüfÜhra & gabtiSigiifii Diner üölenaa further training in accordance with the requirements des YtriafeMä «dilrch the connection of the friioheas« it steadily continuous Intsöhlaökuat ®i * de® grains d & r b «l

Continuous purification of the resulting slag is shown schematically in FIGS. 15 and 16 and without restrictive meaning shown «The metal bath 151 is ■ in a similar that shown in Fig. 9 and formed as described above Converterj the lacquer 153 located on the metal bath runs out of the slag discharge under the effect the lance 152 over and will during your! everything off;? -, Ib of the converter by means of a compressed air line system 1, -4 with Air is applied j then this stroke falls into one Settling pan 155, in which they were distributed over it by a Water film 159 is cooled »The slag cooled in this way collects on the bottom of the settling pan 155, from where it means an endless conveyor belt 158 is continuously removed will.

It is clear and has already been emphasized several times that the embodiments shown in the drawings are only for the better Explanation of the essence of the invention and its advantages serve and that this does not limit the scope of the invention in any way include. All

9Ö9813 / Ü828

V-

Embodiments shown relate only for reasons the clarity - essentially only on a fresh process, in which the slag is allowed to overflow j, of course, analogously the process according to the invention also applies to other fresh processes in which, for example, the slag does not overflow, be applied.

Finally, also for example and without restrictive Meaning, two selected examples from practice are described, which relate to two of many possible types of application refer to the method according to the invention

In a Versuohskonverter with an inner diameter of 85 cm and a bath height of the charge (consisting of metal, pig iron and scrap) of 60 cm is refined. In the side wall of the converter an opening is arranged through which the slag can run out or overflow} the diameter of this slag discharge opening is 30 cm, its lower edge is 60 cm above the bathroom level.

The bath is blown with pure oxygen through a tube with 21 mm inner diameter

At the beginning, 2 tons of Thomas pig iron and cooling scrap are used. The composition of the pig iron melt is »

C 3.75 # Si o.3 #

P 1,8o $> Mn o, 2 i »

In the course of the blowing phase, an oxygen throughput of 7.5 Nnr pure oxygen per minute is constantly maintained; one Minute after the start of blowing, the introduction of lime powder suspended in the oxygen begins, with a throughput from 16 kg / minute; this continues for 12 minutes

909613/0820. "

... ■. ·. ■■ - ■ —50—

The overflow of the slag begins in the eighth minute and takes five minutes. 130 kg of slag are collected per ton of melt (withdrawn) «The overflowed slag has the following composition:

OaO 52 i ° Fe 15 # P ₂ O ₅ 21 # SiO ₂ 4 1 °

While the slag is overflowing, the lance becomes continuous brought up to the bathroom. In the thirteenth minute, the overflow opening is closed with refractory material. Afterward the throughput of lime is increased to 40 kg / minute for a period of 1.5 minutes, while at the same time the throughput of Oxygen is reduced to 6 ITm per liter / minute, until the end the fresh operation is maintained.

The diagram shown schematically in Fig. 14 shows the changes the composition of the metal bath during the fresh operation. The abscissa represents the time in minutes »The three ordinate scales show in percentages from left to right

the carbon content of the metal, / content of the metal in P,

Si, and Mn, and on the far right the iron content of the last slag. The curves 1 to 5 have the following meaning:

Curve 1 shows the Si content

Curve 2 shows the Mn content

Curve 3 shows the P content

Curve 4 shows the C content

Curve 5 shows the Fe content

The curve 6 shows the duration and time interval of the slag removal in the course of the fresh process.

From the diagram of FIG. 14 it can be seen that the final analysis of steel he ^ bj; ,, ^

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G o, o4 $ P o, o15 $ S o, o15 $

On the other hand, the final slag has the following composition:

GaO 5o $ SiO ₀ 3 $

P ₂ Oc $ 8 Fe 25 $

Accordingly, it turns out that the first slag works very well as an artificial fertilizer is suitable, while the last slag is very well suited as an initial slag for subsequent fresh operations «

A second practical example relates to a fresh process with steadily overflowing slag and with added metal during of blowing:

The converter described above is made with three tons of pig iron and loaded with the necessary scrap. A pouring vessel is provided between the overflow channel and the slag pan, which is used for Absorption of stripped metal is equipped with fireproof clothing. This pouring vessel has a grit hole through which the metal gets into a pan, in which the last additions are made.

The converter is by means of a in a support basket in front of and above of the converter arranged Sinfüllpfanne a lot of pig iron melt that is equivalent to the amount of steel discharged through overflow "

The blowing conditions in this second example are to the point of overflow of the steel are exactly the same as in the first example and remain unchanged, whereas in the second example there is one continuous addition of molten pig iron.

-4o- §09813 / 0828

The composition of the slag carried along is found in the second example to be similar to that of the first example; on the other hand, the metal carried along with the slag in the pouring vessel has a G content of 0.05 $> and a P content of 0.015 fo,

-Expectations-

.00.Ο 813/0828

Claims (1)

Claims 1 ο Process for refining pig iron, in which a gas, preferably technically pure oxygen, which optionally carries with it slag-forming substances, e.g. in powder form or small pieces, is blown from above onto the pig iron located in a refining vessel, characterized in that, that the blowing process is guided in such a way that foaming slag is formed, and that the slag is discharged or withdrawn from the frishe vessel at least partially in accordance with its formation during the entire duration of the pricking process or during part of it, _o 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removing or discharge of the foaming slag from the fresh vessel by overflowing either at the level of the filling opening or by an opening in the side wall arranged at a carefully chosen height of the fresh vessel takes place. 3ο method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the refining process is carried out in such a way that the ratio of slag height to bath height is in the range between 0.5 and 1.5. 4ο Method according to claim 3, characterized in that for setting or ensuring the value range of 0.5 - 1.5 for the ratio of slag height / bath height the fresh vessel is tilted. 5 ο method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized r; e Indicates that agents are introduced into the bath that cause oohäuraen the slag immediately. 6. The method according to claim 5> characterized in that the means uie cause the slag to foam on iron or chrome 909813/0828 _2- Oxide "based substances are used. 7ο The method according to claim 5, characterized in that for The agents used to foam the slag are substances that are based on graphite or magnesium. 8ο Method according to one or more of claims 5 to 7> characterized in that the agents causing or promoting foaming of the slag are suspended in an oxidizing gas in finely divided or powder form, preferably by means of a blowing lance be introduced into the fresh vessel. 9. The method according to one or more of claims 5 to 8, characterized characterized in that the means for effecting or promoting the foaming of the slag are continuously introduced. Ιο ,, method-according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, daunt erhalb characterized by the fact that ■ the mouth of the lance / of the lower edge of the Optical lacquer hole is held and the blowing process is controlled in this way is that thus in a known manner the foaming of the slag is obtained or discontinued. 11. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 1o, characterized in that the blowing lance is arranged eccentrically (eccentrically) between the axis of the fresh vessel and the slag discharge opening and the lower part thereof is directed into the interior of the fresh vessel _o 12o method according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that overpressure inside the fresh vessel S 0 9 8 1 3/0 8 2 8 -3- is generated and sustained «, 13 ο method according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized characterized in that the discharge, withdrawal or overflow of the slag is carried out when the slag is no longer than $ 2o has iron content. Ho method according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the blowing and the introduction of slag-forming substances, e.g. lime or the like, are carried out during the entire duration of the freshening process in such a way that the fresh vessel, eg a converter or the like, is .dgl «,, leaving liquid slag a content of phosphorus anhydride (PpOj-) of more than $ 14, preferably more than $ 18, and that depending on the progress of the Irish process to the slag, possibly silica (SiO _p ) or silica or silicon-containing substances are added in such a way that a ratio is always maintained in the liquid slag. 15ο The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the addition from silicic acid or silicic acid or silicon containing substances to the liquid slag outside the fresh vessel during the steady continuous or intermittent removal of the slag from the fresh vessel and preferably in powder form 16 ο method according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized characterized in that the slag withdrawn or removed from the fresh vessel is preferably continuously weighed and the slag withdrawal or slag removal depending on the current 909813/0828 -4- evaluate the slag weight is controlled, for example by Change of the tilting angle of the fresh vessel, with special consideration of the momentary values of the slag weight resulting assigned values for the metallic iron content of the slag. 17. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized characterized in that between the slag overflow opening of the fresh vessel and a slag pan to collect continuously overflowing Slag an auxiliary ladle with a pouring spout, one Pouring nozzle or the like. is arranged as a pouring pan, 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the pouring preferably takes place in three working phases, each of which is either is carried out on its own or in any combination with one or more of the other phases, namely s a) in the pouring vessel (the pouring pan) the slag and the metal carried along with it, which run out of the Frisoh container at the beginning of the overflow, are collected, with slag and metal being retained in the pouring pan until a slag is obtained in it, which can be used as an artificial fertilizer; b) The pouring pan is tilted so that only that with the Metal carried along with the slag remains in the ladle, while this ladle only serves as a transit station for the slag; c) Towards the end of the operation, metal and a slag with a high iron content are simultaneously retained _o 19. "Process for the continuous refining of pig iron, at the oxidizing gas, e.g. technically pure oxygen and possibly finely divided gas, into a fresh vessel filled with pig iron from above 9ÖÖ613 / Ü828 US8830 Slag-forming substances are blown in and the leadership of the continuously ongoing fresh process according to one or more of the Claims 1 to 18 takes place, characterized in that the discharged Slag together with the metal particles carried along in a different vessel from the fresh vessel is collected, that then slag and metal, for example by careful Pouring or spinning, separated from each other, that the fresh vessel is preferably steady during the Irish itself pig iron is continuously added in an amount which is essentially the same as that from the fresh vessel together with the Amount of slag withdrawn » 2o. The method of claim 19, characterized in that the addition of cast iron or in the bath depth is ₀ stove " 21 ο A method according to any one of claims 19 or 2o, characterized in 'that the amount of the entrained slag from the M _e Talles by changing one or more parameters of physical, chemical, mechanical or geometric nature of the Blasstrahles is regulated " 22. "The method according to one or more of claims 19 to 21, characterized characterized in that the metal withdrawn or discharged from the fresh vessel together with the slag is outside the fresh vessel is subjected to a metallurgical treatment. ??. Method according to one or more of claims 19 to 22, thereby the aureh indicated that ^ Xx. metallurgical treatment, the metal discharged together with the slag from the fresh vessel outside of the same, an additional fresh or refining treatment 9 0 9 8 1 3 / υ 8 2 8 -y-ht is subjected. 24-. Method according to one or more of claims 19 to 23 '' characterized in that the additional refining by introducing an oxidizing G-ases, preferably pure oxygen, of done up, said gas optionally finely divided slag forming materials in suspension contains ₀ 25. The method according to one or more of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the management of the fresh process in the first fresh vessel takes place in such a way that foaming slag with a weak iron, but high content of P ₂ ⁰ S ^en "k is that in one second vessel at least partially gefrischtes metal is collected together with a suitable for use in agriculture slag, that the metal is subjected to a very strong oxidizing guided fresh operation after separation of this M _e Talles from the slag which continues until a slag with very high iron content is obtained, and that finally a part of the thus completely refined metal is poured, while the very strongly iron-enriched slag is returned to the first fresh vessel. 26ο The method according to claim 25, characterized in that in scrap introduced into one or both of the fresh vessels used and that this scrap is preferably melted using one or more burners for oxygen and fuel » 27. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 26, characterized characterized in that the slag withdrawn (removed) from the fresh vessel preferably during a substantial part 909813/0828 needed to refine the pig iron in this refining vessel Duration is grained. 28. Device for performing the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 27, characterized by a fresh vessel with an essentially cylindrical shape, which has a closed bottom and a slag discharge or »outlet opening in its at benwand, which is similar to a converter known per se tapers upwards, in such a way that the upper vessel part preferably has a conical shape, that furthermore the slag discharge opening has a drainage channel ο "the like" for discharging the slag either in a cinder pan or in a pouring vessel. 29. The device according to claim 28, characterized in that the Fresh vessel has a pouring hole above the slag discharge opening is arranged such that the distance between the two openings (holes) is preferably between 1 and 2 times Slag thickness is. 3o ₀ Device according to one or more of claims 28 and 29, characterized in that a pouring pan and a slag pan are assigned to the fresh vessel, in such a way that the pouring pan is arranged between the fresh vessel and the slag pan » 31 ο Device according to one of claims 28 to 3o, characterized in that that the fresh vessel in its upper part a parallel to the overflow channel in a vertical plane or the like. arranged Has cutout, such that when tilting the fresh vessel Position of the blow lance remained unchanged, 909813/0828 ~ ⁸ " U58830 / 32. Device according to one or more of claims 28 to 31, characterized in that the essentially cylindrically designed, bottom closed fresh vessel with an upwardly tapering upper part with preferably conical design and a lateral purification opening has a further opening for the passage of a blowing lance from above, a device for continuously charging the fresh vessel with pig iron to be refined, as well as a pan for receiving the slag coming from the fresh vessel together with the metal t carried along by it, the slag pan itself being provided with a device for separating the slag from the metal is. 33 β device according to one or more of claims 28 to 32, characterized in that the essentially cylindrical fresh vessel closed at the bottom with an upward to be tapered upper part preferably conical design and a lateral purification opening a further opening for the Passage of a blow lance from above, a pan for receiving slag coming from the fresh vessel and metal carried along with a device for separating this slag from the metal, and finally a device for granulating the slag directly contains at the output of the fresh vessel or the pan, the associated Devices are arranged in a cascade to one another » 909813 / U828