DE1221735B - Steam-cooled nuclear reactor - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY GERMAN · § ^ PATENTAMT Int. CL:

G21c

EDITORIAL

German classes : 21g -21/20

Number: 1221735

File number: K 49711 VIII c / 21 g

Filing date: May 11, 1963

Opening day: July 28, 1966

The invention relates to a steam-cooled nuclear reactor, the essential components of which such as gap zone, evaporator, pumps and circulation fan for circulating the cooling steam the cracking zone is arranged in a spherical reactor vessel, the cracking zone of at least two ring lines is enclosed, one of which is superheated steam for generating steam also supplied to steam generators arranged around the gap zone and distributed over them, while the other compressed the freshly produced and then compressed in the circulation fans Collects steam and feeds it back to the gap zone.

For example, nuclear reactors are known in which the cleavage zone is arranged in a pressure vessel is. The fission zone contains the fissile fuel. From the split in the cleavage zone The heat released is superheated by the steam, which is possibly produced by one of the superheated Steam branched off part in special evaporators (steam generators) by evaporating Water is generated. The rest of the superheated steam is fed to the working unit, with the water can be given back to the evaporators after condensation in the circuit.

Various solutions have already become known to address those subject to contamination Parts to be grouped together so that the costs of the shielding and the spatial The effort does not get too high.

For this purpose, it is known in the case of gap zones of cylindrical design, the steam generator around the gap zone around and to provide at least two ring lines surrounding the gap zone, of which supplies superheated steam to the steam generators for steam generation and distributes them to them Another ring line collects the freshly produced and then compressed in the circulation fans Steam and feeds it back to the cleavage zone. i j ;;

As in this previously known design of the reactor, the cleavage zone and essential additional units are designed cylindrical, it can not be favorable in one for the pressure conditions particularly advantageous ball container are arranged.

The object of the present invention is to provide a steam-cooled nuclear reactor create, its essential components, such as gap zone, pumps and circulation fan for circulating the Cooling steam through the cleavage zone are arranged in a spherical container, and in the case of the mini-steam-cooled Nuclear reactor

Applicant:

Society for Nuclear Research
with limited liability,
Karlsruhe, Weberstr. 5

Named as inventor:

Dipl.-Ing. Ludolf Ritz, Karlsruhe-Durlach

paint the cost of materials and space an optimal arrangement of the necessary units and equipment is achieved.

Even in the steam-cooled nuclear reactor according to the invention, the gap zone is at least two ring lines enclosed, one of which is also used to generate superheated steam the gap zone around arranged steam generators and distributed to these, while the other collects the freshly generated steam, which is then compressed in the circulation fans, and the Feed zone again.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the steam generator and in known Way, the cleavage zone are also spherical, the cleavage zone with one of them surrounding shielding block, the steam generators, circulation fans, coolers for residual heat and a preheating unit in a manner also known per se in the lower half of the spherical reactor vessel is arranged, while the upper half cranes and storage for safety flood water records. It is known that the fissure zone of nuclear reactors with the shielding block surrounding it in the lower half of a reactor vessel and in its upper half cranes etc.

order, but these are not steam-cooled nuclear reactors, and these

'Therefore do not point to the steam generator arranged in a ring around the gap zone Direct generation of saturated steam by introducing superheated steam into condensate, which according to the present Invention also have a spherical shape. This is what is obtained according to the invention namely short steam lines and only requires a minimum of material for the steam generator. Through consistent expansion of the principle of spherical or circular design or

609 607/307

Order also on all additional units, as happens in the reactor according to the invention in a surprisingly simple manner, an unexpected saving in material and a particularly simple structure of the entire reactor facility,

In the case of the nuclear reactor according to the invention, ring lines can also be provided for supplying the "condensate to the steam generators and for supplying the superheated steam to the steam drives for the circulating fans compresses the evaporators generated steam and the nip zone is fed again, and the normally used, a portion of the emerging from the nip zone ¹ überhitzten'- vapor are driven to turn at all times independent of the steam auxiliary drive in parallel.

Further details of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1 is a section across the largest diameter the spherical reactor vessel,

Fig. 2 two partial sections through the reactor in planes A and B.

In the reactor vessel 1, the gap zone 2, which is also designed as a sphere, is arranged approximately in the center, which is surrounded by a shielding block 3. Above the crevice are the facilities arranged for the supply and removal of the fuel and security elements, below the Spaltzpne is a device for separating or dividing the. Fuel mass, if this should melt and thus flow down in the event of an accident. From the cleavage zone A steam line 10 leads out the superheated steam, which passes into a ring line 11. These Ring line distributes the steam partly to the drive elements 12 and partly to the steam generator 13. The steam fed to the drive units 12 is again in a ring line 19 collected and fed to the power unit not shown in detail.

The live steam obtained essentially from the condensate in the steam generator is also used again collected in a ring line 21 and again via one or more compressors 14 fed to the cleavage zone.

Below the stage 4, on which the evaporators and the compressors are arranged, coolers 5 and preheating units 6 are provided. In the cooling units S, the residual heat is destroyed in cooperation with the evaporators 13 after the reactor has been switched off, while the preheating units are used to generate the live steam required for cooling when the system is started up. Especially after the reactor has been switched off, the parts located in the reactor vessel represent an independent unit in which the residual heat is completely destroyed. The condensate is constantly circulated and thus extracts the heat from the steam via the evaporator. All of these parts take up approximately the lower half of the sphere, so that this space is optimally used. In the upper half of the spherical container 1 cranes 7, trolleys 8 and a memory 9 are arranged, which contains the safety flood water. This storage tank can of course also be used as an expansion tank for the condensate.

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Steam-cooled nuclear reactor, its essential components, such as crevice zone, evaporator, pumps and circulating fans for circulating the cooling steam through the gap zone in a spherical shape Reactor vessels are arranged, the gap zone of at least two ring lines is enclosed, one of which is superheated steam for steam generation also around the Gap zone around arranged steam generator supplies and distributed on this, while the other collects the freshly generated steam which is then compressed in the circulation fans and fed back to the cleavage zone, characterized in that the steam generator and in a known manner the cleavage zone is also spherical, the cleavage zone with a shielding block surrounding them, the steam generators, circulating fans, coolers for Residual heat and a preheating unit in a manner also known per se in the lower Half of the spherical reactor vessel is arranged, while the upper half cranes and stores for safety flood water. 2. Nuclear reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that also as a feed of the condensate to the steam generator and as a supply line for the superheated steam to the steam drives ring lines are provided for the circulation fan. 3. Nuclear reactor according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the steam drive of the pressure booster units each have an auxiliary drive that is independent of the steam network connected in parallel is. Considered publications:
German Auslegeschrift No. 1095 959;
"Engineering", June 19, 1959, pp. 792 to 795;
"Engineering", 7 August 1959, pp. 8, 9;
"The British Nuclear Energy Society," April 1963, pp. 97-111; "Kerntechnik", 1962, no. 11, pp. 485 to 498. 1 sheet of drawings 609 607/307 7.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin