DE1213079B - Process for the production of briquetted cleaning agents - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

ClId

German class: 23 e - 2

Number: 1213 079

File number: C 25299IV a / 23 e

Filing date: October 18, 1961

Opening day: March 24, 1966

The present invention relates to the production of a briquetted cleaning agent, which is abrasion-resistant when dry and does not break through accidental damage and which can still be easily distributed in water. The method consists in taking detergent granules moistened and this slightly compresses to form a dimensionally stable briquetted piece and then on the surface of the same a coating of an easily water-soluble, film-forming, organic Applies polymers. The water-soluble, briquetted cleaning agent obtained according to the invention is because of its improved abrasion resistance and resistance to accidental breakage extremely economical in packaging, transportation and other handling, while it also disintegrates and dissolves quickly in water. The term used in the following "Briquette" means, regardless of the shape, a compact or solid body, which by compression of the particles has been made, preferably without comminuting the same.

In the briquettes according to the invention, a water-soluble, organic, Anionic material is used, which is normally solid and has good cleaning properties. Such compounds are sulfated and sulfonated synthetic detergent substances such as alkylarylsulfonates, preferably alkylbenzenesulfonates with 12 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, such as, for example Propylene polymers or polymers of other lower alkylenes having 12 to 15 carbon atoms; also fatty alcohol sulfates, for example sulfates of higher fatty alcohols, such as those derived from coconut oil Lauryl, myristyl and palmityl alcohols; also fatty acid amides of N-methyltaurine, a-sulfonated higher fatty acids, normal higher fatty alkyl sulfonates and other sulfurized detergents with higher Fatty alkyl radicals or hydrophobic acyl radicals. If in the following in connection with alkyl and If acyl residues are referred to as "higher" residues, this means that they have a content of 12 to 20 carbon atoms referred to, while the so-called "lower" radicals contain 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

All of the above detergent substances are generally in the form of their water-soluble Salts, e.g. B. used as an alkali salt. Although the sodium salts are most preferred, can the potassium and magnesium salts of the detergent substances are also used, namely especially if they only make up a certain part of the detergent substance in these briquettes.

Process for the production of briquetted
Detergents

Applicant:

Colgate-Palmolive Company, New York, NY
(V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr. rer. nat. J.-D. Mr. v. Uexküll, patent attorney,

Hamburg-Hochkamp, Königgrätzstr. 8th

Named as inventor:

Albert LyIe Schulerud, Nutley, NJ;
Amory Earl Austin Jr., Colonia, NJ;
Kenneth Harold Speckhals, Jersey City, NJ
(V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America 7 November 1960
(67478)

The detergents described above are used as anion-active washing substances in the briquetted cleaning agents Most preferred are alkylbenzenesulfonates, preferably the sodium salts of the tetramer and / or pentameric propylene benzene sulfonates; these preferably form the entire or essential part Proportion and generally more than 50% of the synthetic anion-active organic detergents Substance of the briquetted cleaning agent.

If the synthetic organic detergent substance is substituted for a water-soluble inorganic one Salt, generally an alkali salt, makes the detergent harder and briquettes better are processed. For this purpose, sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, Sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride and other washing alkalis and fillers used. Of the numerous salts that can be used, there are water soluble ones Polyphosphates, such as alkali polyphosphates, have proven particularly suitable. These connections and especially sodium tripolyphosphate and tetra-

609 539/400

3 4

Sodium phosphate improves the cleaning power 6, cP and a polyvinyl acetate content of 15 to the synthetic organic detergent substance 25%; the most suitable is a material with a substantial and also have certain physical average degrees of polymerization of about 100 and chemical properties necessary for the production of a (viscosity of 3.5 cP) and a polyvinyl acetate good, dimensionally stable and yet easily disintegrated - content of 20%. The polyvinyl acetate content and the contribute to the briquetted cleaning agent. The average degree of polymerization is well suited to Place of sodium polyphosphates can also improve the properties of polyvinyl alcohol for upper potassium salts, usually used in admixture with the sodium surface treatment of a briquetted cleaning salt. to be determined by means of. With a degree of polymerization of

The proportion of synthetic anions is more than 300 or with an acetate content of over active organic detergent and inorganic 30%, the polyvinyl alcohol does not dissolve quickly enough The resulting mixture can still be used to make an angling agent. Has an acetate content of measured cohesion and decomposes under the washing conditions less than 10% and a degree of polymerization of usual conditions. In general, 15 less than 30 results in a coating which ^{does not adequately protect the 20 to 40% un (} i preferably 25 to 35% anion-briquetted cleaning agent, active washing substance such as the polyvinyl alcohol used according to the invention described above

Sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates, and also in general with the various detergent substances mean 20 to 70% and. preferably 30 to 55% and additives are compatible. He should also inorganic washing alkalis, such as 40% sodium, contain relatively little insoluble substance, tripolyphosphate, is used. Numerous other additives, colorless and odorless as well as a neutral one such as perfume, pigments, dyes and other coloring pH. Deviations from the above Agents, foamers, foam stabilizers, inorganic requirements can be admitted, Salts or fillers, agents for improving, however, is generally a polyvinyl alcohol Dirt-carrying capacity, bactericides, sequestering agents 25 above-mentioned properties for household cleaning or extenders, antioxidants, anti-corrosive agents are best suited. In place of the mention, as well as the foaming-preventing substances of the polyvinyl alcohol can easily be put in by others and others to improve one or more water soluble, synthetic, organic, film forming Polymers with similar properties that serve certain properties of the product are used Substances can also usually be in amounts of 30, however, such are other compounds 1 to 30% can be added. usually not as effective. After all, poly-

The remainder of the briquetted detergent is, vinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hyas from the later-described coating hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose and like polymers processing material, water in an amount of 4 to 25% substances on the briquette surface water-soluble and usually from 8 to 19%, and preferably from 35, to give coatings. When using these substances 13 to 19% available. Preferably briquettes should be mixed with polyvinyl alcohol most suitable with 15% moisture. Become one so that its advantages are retained, such a relatively high moisture content is present in the manufacture of the briquetted detergent

Manufacture of solid detergents of this type it is possible to use the anion-active, synthetic, orgaim generally unusual, however, a niche detergent such as sodium alkylbenzenesulfo has emerged that this in connection with a thin nat, with the inorganic washing alkalis, such as Coating of water-soluble, film-forming poly-sodium tripolyphosphate or other polyphosphates, mers on the briquetted cleaning agent and then this physical mixture which is cheap and easy to briquette in water. The adhesion or cohesion Product results. 45 of these starting materials cannot always be determined precisely

In order to maintain the high solubility in water of the regem, and the briquetted pieces can be used in the briquetted detergent and for simultaneous handling break easier, even though they are in water Increase in strength and abrasion resistance has decayed well. A much better way to As a water-soluble polymer of polyvinyl alcohol in the production of these briquetted cleaning agents, in particular proven favorable. Commercially available polyvinyl 50 is that you have the detergent substance and the Alcohols usually contain smaller amounts of lower washing alkalis only in an aqueous medium, e.g. B. Fatty acid ester or polyvinyl acetate, which in the case of a soap mixer results in a very uniform polyvinyl alcohols used according to the invention mixed in slurry and then these ingredients Amounts up to 10 to 30% can be present. The polyvinyl alcohols suitable for the desired shape with the desired water are dried to a content of 55. The moisture content of the polymerizes on molecular weight from 30 to 300. Slurry should usually be between 30 and 50% Place of the average molecular weight can and usually be 40%. In the slurry the degree of polymerization, especially in such, is generally all of the anionic, Coatings are also indicated by determining the viscosity of organic, detergent-active substance and the washing which with the polymerization alkali, which also in the ready-briquetted degree and molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol product are present, as well as the numerous additives Relationship stands. A 4% polyvinyl alcohol solution with the exception of those under the with the mentioned degree of polymerization and poly working conditions when converting the slurry vinyl acetate content has a viscosity of 20 ° C in a solid material are not stable. To about 1.5 to 7 cP. A wish in the present invention 65 these less stable fabrics, such as Polyvinyl alcohol, which is particularly good to use, has perfume, the dried cleaning agent an average polymerization weight of addition of moisture and the subsequent about 50 to 250 and a viscosity of about 2 to compaction can be added.

5 6

The fluid mixture of the individual components will limit the minimum amount. Pearls matching the above

preferably in accordance with the sieve requirements suitable for later compaction, essentially have

Shape converted in that one borrowed a diameter of 0.1 to 4 mm and

slurry sprayed through small nozzles or preferably from 0.15 to 2.5 mm. This area of

another way small mist droplets in a gas 5 diameter corresponds to a normal grain size

generated and this spray mist through a dry zone division.

leads, in which it comes into contact with a heated drying gas in the pearl-shaped detergent mass and is partially dehydrated. Composition of the end product, but without the formation of the cleaning coating mass during drying, then before the agent mass, essentially spherical grains, such as dense briquettes, are sprayed with further water, they are generally obtained during spray drying. If desired, and if appropriate, the expansion of the spherical cleaning water can contain certain substances dissolved or medium grains when heated, hollow beads form dispersed in order to reduce the spray properties with a low density, thereby regulating the rapid or to be applied to the particles or is facilitated by dissolving in water. The temperature 15 these to be mixed. In general, depending on the drying gas used, only water without an additive is usually used. The type of material to be dried at 150 to sprayed on water consists of finely divided droplets-320 ⁰ C. In these detergent pearls is the surface and is directed to the detergent pearls, mixture of organic detergent substance and when they are mixed or circulated, so that a Washing alkalis considerably homogeneous. The washing alkalis 20, which are very evenly distributed in the water spray mist, can change somewhat as a result of the drying process, since this occurs in the cleaning agent. It is generally known that about 4 to 12% and preferably 4 to 10% of sodium tripolyphosphate and some of them are converted into other phosphates on heating. However, especially when about 7% water is sprayed onto the pearls, the mixing and drying conditions are generally adjusted so that the moisture content of the pearls is adjusted so that as little as possible increases the range given above. Changes were occurring. The dried pearls have found that it is usually better to be more humid, generally a bulk density of 0.3 to 0.5, and ^{to add this density to the spray-dried pearls with originally preferably 0.4 g / cm 3} , this density being added by the lower moisture content, than pouring the pearls into a cylindrical container to produce pearls with a slightly higher water content of known volume from the beginning and then weighing 30. The final watered content was determined. Although the pearls are up to the content of the pearls, the lower part of the specified moisture content should be up to 21% dried areas. The cleaning can therefore be done more often in such a way that the pearls coming from medium pearls, which have only 2% initial moisture in the drying zone 2 to 15%, add 10% moisture and a product contains moisture. Less than 2% initial 35 obtained, which initially results in such a very crumbly pearly grains, which by moistening 10% moisture and requires the addition of more water by speed containing pearls with 5% added water separate moistening before Compress. Such is obtained. In general, however, beer cannot be brewed so quickly because of the additional moisture, better economy, easier handling and can also cause the briquetted cleaning agent to adhere to the mold more quickly and absorb the added water more quickly. With a moisture content of the spray-dried, pearl more than 15% initial moisture, the individual shaped products adhere best to more than 6% and preferred detergent pearls more strongly to other pearls and adhere to 8%.

on the walls of the device and can be used during and after the spraying of the surface

Particularly when they are warm, the detergent pearls are less easily transported with the required

animals and handle. The amount of moisture is preferably in the form of a finely sprayed or mist

The pearls are mixed well with each other so that the

Alkaline detergents add moisture to alkylbenzenesulphonate cleansers evenly and evenly

in general with about 8% moisture content of the individual grains is absorbed. Preferably

best. 50 will be 1 to 30 minutes and preferably around

To make a fast dissolving mix 3 minutes after spraying. That

Briquettes of the desired density to facilitate mixing should be done in such a way that the individual grains

The slurry spraying need not be substantially crushed. It wuide

Drying can be controlled in such a way that the individual approximately determined that the particle size by agitation

spherical detergent granules such 55 is maintained in the ranges given above.

Have a diameter that they can pass through a sieve with the case of individual particles forming oversized agglomerates

Pass sieve number 5 and from a sieve with a diameter of more than 4 or 2.5 mm

the sieve number 140 are retained, with forming, so this can best be done by sieving

they are preferably removed through a sieve number 8. Although you can get the moistened

or 12 pass and store less than 10% through a 60 bead of detergent before compacting

Sieve with the sieve number 100 passes through. The sieve can, should these moistened particles be preferred

number corresponds to the number of meshes per running inch shortly after the application of the further moist

or the 1 to 2.5 part per running centimeter. ability to be pressed into briquettes, and usually

A small amount of fine dust that passes through within a few hours and preferably within

a sieve with sieve number 140 passes through 65 30 minutes after moistening,

also be present, without it becoming very after- After the moisture has been applied, the

partially noticeable, however, the proportion of individual grains should not yet be so close to each other and

such fine components practically on one can easily be conveyed to the pressing device,

7 8

where they are condensed into the desired shape; wise ethylene glycol, and sugar alcohols such as sorbitol,

here the pressure should be low enough to be used.

to achieve easily disintegrating briquette, which occurs between the poly-

0.2 and 7, preferably 1 to 3.5 or 1.4 to 2.8 kg / cm ² amount of vinyl alcohol is 1 to 5% and preferably

the case is. At such a pressure the pre-5 L, 5 to 3% and best of all i, 9% of the briquette weight;

Moistened detergent beads in dimensionally stable it is furthermore desirable if the as a solvent

Briquettes converted, which after coating with amount of moisture added for the polyvinyl alcohol

a material such as polyvinyl alcohol, which is also approximately in this range from 1 to 5%.

Handling are sufficiently firm and still The polyvinyl alcohol is preferably used as 10- to

quickly in the water, for example in a household io 25% solution z. B. than 17 ° / ₀ solution in water

washing machine, disintegrate. Such briquettes have applied, with the proportion of such used

an apparent density of about 0.4 to 0.7 g / cm ³ and solutions of 9 to 18% and preferably 11% des

preferably about 0.53. Briquette weight. When spraying the briquette

After pressing and before coating with surface fill the polyvinyl alcohol and be

Polyvinyl alcohol or another suitable solvent to remove the voids between the grains

A dimensionally stable briquette is obtained from polymers and also cover the surface of each

which dissolves quickly in water and such a particle. Because the briquette is not before coating

Has surface strength and abrasion resistance that is completely smooth, the coating must of course

it can be transported without too much breakage. be thicker in some places than in others. However

It was found, however, that the molded briquette was ao the average thickness of the coating

a much better abrasion resistance is obtained if it is 0.05 to 0.8 mm and preferably 0.08 to 0.5 mm and

is coated or coated according to the invention. for example 0.2 mm. It could be determined

In addition to the hydration of the inorganic that the dried polyvinyl alcohol coating, though

Salts on the surface of the briquette forms the aqueous one it covers the entire briquette, sometimes extremely

Solution of the polyvinyl alcohol also has a coating 25 small, thin spots or even perforations or

or a film on this material around the briquette, so it has perforations that prevent the penetration of it

that it is more resistant to abrasion and more stable. Support moisture in the briquette and

The polyvinyl alcohol coating apparently reduces the rate of dissolution in water. Sometimes is too Despite its water solubility, the dissolution rate - air trapped in the coating, so that the thickness ability of the briquette. According to the invention, the front 30 improves compared to the average thickness resulting from the moistening of the cleaning agent before compaction weight of the applied polymer and that of the rate of dissolution of the coated or this covered area has been calculated, overcoated Briquettes and thus enables the steps to be taken. ' Furthermore, the plasticizers tend to ' Production of a rapidly disintegrating product, the wetting agent, moisture and other substances in the which nevertheless has a greater surface strength 35 sprayed-on polymers to increase the thickness of the film and has abrasion resistance. Such a de-enlarge, and so can the solubility of the film Coverage is important because the application of moisture increases.

After coating with the polyvinyl alcohol it is usually responsible for the cohesion of the solution, the briquette is increased by hot air, heated pressed particles, making it even more difficult to air, infrared heating or other drying devices and let them move easily Separate from each other and in water conditions on the surface so dried that essentially dissolve. In addition to the physical base, all moisture is removed that is present with the support of the polyvinyl alcohol in the coating mist in the production of a solid briquette, the polyvinyl alcohol also improves the detergency. This gives the finished product about that of the cleaning agent, in that the dirt-carrying 45 is capable of the same moisture content as the individual particles or the dispersing of dirt and before pressing. After drying, the other soiling substances that are already removed from the washed briquette immediately for shipping or consumption can be improved and packaged. In general, the packaging should later be deposited on the washed fabrics, cardboard boxes, so that the desired one is prevented after the water has been removed. _x 50 moisture content is maintained in the briquette. the

After the briquetted cleaning briquette produced according to the invention has been formed, it is coated with polyvinyl alcohol by means of means. This is usually sent without a break ent-coating is preferably by spraying on one. Even storage of the liquid consisting of polyvinyl alcohol for several months on the prior to use has no effect on the effect of the briquette surface. Preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol in the tub of a conventional washing machine is dissolved in the water, and this immediately disintegrates and dissolves quickly. The briquette aqueous solution, as a spray mist or in fine form, should also meet the high requirements with regard to droplets as uniformly as possible on the briquette top strength and solubility that are sprayed on for such products. The spray solution can be requested. They can, without breaking, contain glycerine or other lower polyols that are more than 60 35 cm high on a hard surface, e.g. B. serve a metal plasticizer and the polyvinyl alcohol flexible plate, fall, and they disintegrate in water of 37 ⁰ C immediately and make flexible. The spray solution can still be used within 1 minute while stirring in a conventional cleaning agent or wetting agent for the better Benet washing machine, which is loaded from above and has the briquette and neutralizing agents, such as a conventionally working, centered agitator, for example sodium bicarbonate to improve 65 Im In the following, the invention is to be described in more detail by means of some of the odor of polyvinyl alcohol by implementation examples. Contain all amounts with the free acid present. Unless otherwise stated, plasticizers can also refer to glycols, for example, as before, based on weight.

9 10

Example 1 "Holes. The aqueous solvent of the coating

solution was evaporated by infrared heating. the

In a soap mixer a mixture was obtained in which briquettes had a moisture content

the following composition made: from about 14%; they met the requirements

5 with regard to breaking strength and abrasion resistance and

Sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate 19% could be taken from a height of 35 * cm without damage

Pentasodium tripolyphosphate 27.1% ^au f ^eme hard surface to be dropped.

Sodium silicate (Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ - tablets, which from a height of about 1.70 m

Ratio of 0.43) 4.9% were dropped, showed slight cracks. In

■ Watrinmcnifat -noo / ^{10 of} a washing machine that can be loaded from above

-,. r, a,, . , _A. disintegrated with Ruhrwerk and a capacity of 191

Other additives (optical _{cleaning agents can be applied to the briquetted} cleaning agents in 20 to 30 seconds)

lighter, antioxidants, means for _the _ _{After this zdt could kdne briquetted}

Improvement of the dirt carrying-residues can be found more, although natural

like) 1,1 / _{0 ig} j _{i nocll nicilt all} detergent particles completely

Water 35.7% was constantly dissolved. Washing tests with briquette

100.0% cleaning agent which has such a Polyvinyl alcohol coating showed that the

The above mixture was ^{washed at about 75 °} C. for ₂ hours. Garments were washed whiter than with

mixed until homogeneous and then in about 20 the detergent from which the briquette

26O ⁰ C warm drying gas sprayed, whereby the spray was produced,

fog when passing through the heating gas partially Example 2
was dried. The obtained spray-dried

Detergent particles were sifted through a No. 8 sieve from a soap mixer, leaving hardly any residue. Less than 25 with about 40% moisture became after the 10% of the grains were so small that they went through a spray drying described in Game 1 to pearly sieve No. 100. The spray-dried detergent granules of the following compositions had a bulk density of 0.4 g / cm ³ , processed as a settlement:
Moisture content of 8.5 and a pH of 10

in a 1% aqueous solution. After cooling 30 sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (the AI-

was the cleaning agent with a fine water-alkyl residue in a propylene polymer

spray mist treated, whereby it by circulation ^{with 12 to 15} carbon atoms) 27%

was moved. This spray treatment lasted only sodium polyphosphate (including

short time and less than 5 minutes, followed by that during spray drying

continued to circulate for about 10 to 15 minutes. 35 phosphate produced from this) .. 39%

This mixing was done in such a way that the individual sodium silicate 7%

Particles were not broken and essentially -Mw ₁ -J ₁₁ ^ c ₁₁ If -, + 170 /

on the order of between a No. 8 sieve. _{0 /}

and a No. 100 sieve remained. Agglomerates in ^{other AusatZQ} -Wo

a size that can no longer pass through a No. 10 sieve 40 humidity 9%

passed through, were screened. The humidity 100%
content of the product obtained was 14% · approx

5 minutes after the agitation was complete, the spray-dried grains were essentially

the detergent pearls are briquetted. borrowed spherical and had a bulk density of

The dampened detergent was at about 0.4 g / cm ³ and a particle size of 2.5 to

a pressure of 1.3 kg / cm ² to about a cylindrical 0.15 mm diameter, being about only 5% through

Pressed briquettes which passed through a No. 100 sieve. To increase the

6.4 cm and were 3.3 cm thick. The density of moisture content to 19% was a de-

was 0.53 g / cm ³ . The lower and upper surfaces speaking amount of water to the circulated part

of the briquette were rounded off in a circle, and 50 surfaces were sprayed on and, after spraying, the circulation

a transverse notch was made on one surface for an additional 5 to 10 minutes. Afterward

The pre-moistened particles were formed in order to enable halving, if desired, with one pressure

borrowed. The briquette weight was on average from about 1 to 1.4 kg / cm ² , easily compared to tablets

53.9 g. seals, which weighed 40 g, a diameter of

Within one hour of briquetting, 55 were 5.7 cm and were 2.6 cm thick and one

the tablets obtained had a poly density of 0.6 g / cm ³ .

sprayed vinyl alcohol solution, which was made from 17% poly- These briquetted tablets were 0.75 g

vinyl alcohol with a degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol with an average poly

about 100 and a polyvinyl acetate content of about 50 to 250 degree of merization and a poly

20% as well as from 1% sodium carbonate, 25% glycerine, 60 vinyl acetate content of 15 to 25% coated. the

1.4% alkyl aryl sulfonate and residual water average thickness after drying was on

was standing. The poly vinyl alcohol solution was about 0.2 mm ^{to 65 0 C air.} The polyvinyl alcohol was called

heated and then applied in two work steps, in each case an aqueous spray mist, which is about 17%

sprayed on one side of the tablet; this was polyvinyl alcohol, 1% sodium bicarbonate, 1.5% net

which applied 1.9% polyvinyl alcohol and contained 65 medium and 2.5% glycerine.

Average coating thickness of 0.4 mm. The briquetted tablets produced in this way aims. This film was of course not completely strong enough to be the one described above smooth but contained many thin spots and small drop test withstanding, not crumbled and during

IX

No significant abrasion suffered from normal handling and quickly in a conventional washing machine disintegrated. The times required for disintegration of 20 to 33 seconds were measured, and after several months Storage showed that the disintegration time was still satisfactory.

Humidity of 9.2% and a density of 0.37 g / cm ³ at a pressure of 2.7 kg / cm ^a up to a density of only 0.45 g / cm ^3, a briquette is obtained which is not satisfactory dissolves and, in the uncoated state, takes about 4 minutes to disintegrate in a washing machine.

Example 3

Sodium alkylbenzenesuconate (with ver ίο

branched alkyl group with about

13 carbon atoms) 35 ° / ₀

Sodium tripolyphosphate 38%

Sodium silicate (essentially ortho-

silicate) 7%

Sodium sulfate 9 ° / ₀

Other additives 2%

Humidity 9%

100% ^ao

A pearlescent detergent of the above composition was prepared after the spray drying described in the other examples. The beads had a particle size substantially between a No. 8 sieve and a No. 100 sieve, while the density was 0.3-0.4 g / cm ³ . Several briquettes were produced with different amounts of water and different pressing pressure, so that products with different densities were obtained. Such tests have shown that 4 to 10% added moisture and pressing at pressures of about 1 to 3.5 and preferably 1.4 to 2.8 kg / cm ² to form coated briquettes (coated with about 2% polyvinyl alcohol) which disintegrate within 1 minute in agitated or stirred water and which are still so firm that they can withstand the drop test when dry and do not rub off easily when handled.

This cleaning agent, which at a density of 0.34 g / cm ³ is moistened by a spray mist with 5.6% water when it is circulated and at a pressure of 1.7 kg / cm ² to a density of 0.53 g / cm ³ was pressed, results in a briquette which disintegrates in water within 25 seconds. If it is coated with 2% of the polyvinyl alcohol described, this briquette still disintegrates satisfactorily and is sufficiently strong for commercial handling and loading. Likewise, by adding 9.1% moisture to beads with a density of 0.33 g / cm ³ and pressing at 1.3 kg / cm ^2, a briquette of 0.53 g / cm ^{3 is obtained} ; or by adding 7.2% moisture to beads with a density of 0.34 g / cm ³ and pressing at 2.7 kg / cm ² up to a density of 0.57 g / cm ³ an excellent and fast disintegrating, solid briquette if it is subsequently coated with polyvinyl alcohol.

In contrast to the result of these examples, it was found that when pressing beads with a

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. A process for the production of break-proof and abrasion-resistant detergent tablets easily disintegrating in water by pressing a mixture of granular detergent raw material and additives, characterized in that a granular mixture with a moisture content of up to is obtained from water-soluble solid organic anionic Wasehrohstoff and water-soluble inorganic salt 21% produces, the moisture content of which is increased to 4 to 25% by adding 4 to 12% water, the mixture is compressed under low pressure of preferably 0.2 to 7 kg / cm ² to form tablets and these with 1 to 5 percent by weight of a readily water-soluble , film-forming synthetic organic polymers. 2. The method according to "claim 1, characterized in that that the tablets to form a 0.05 to 0.8, preferably 0.08 to 0.5 mm strong coating with 1 to 3 weight percent polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of polymerization from 30 to 300, preferably 50 to 250, and a polyvinyl acetate content of 10 to 30, preferably 15 to 25% coated. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that an alkylarylsulfonate, preferably as the sodium salt, with 12 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, preferably one Propylene polymers containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms, and a polyphosphate, preferably Sodium tripolyphosphate or tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that a slurry of the anionic detergent raw material and the inorganic salt with a water content of 30 to 50% by spray drying in a granular detergent with a content of 2 to 15%, preferably 6 to 12 % Water, 20 to 40% washing raw material, 20 to 70% washing alkalis and 1 to 30% additives, the moisture content of the granular product increased to 8 to 19%, preferably 13 to 19%, while mixing by spraying on 4 to 10% water and the product remaining after separation of the granules with a diameter of more than 4 mm, preferably within 2 hours after moistening under a pressure of 1 to 3.5 kg / cm ^2, to form tablets with a density of 0.4 to 0.7 g / cm ³ pressed. Considered publications:
French patents nos. 892198, 954281.