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DE12943C - Process of making porous china, earthenware and clay - Google Patents

Process of making porous china, earthenware and clay

Info

Publication number
DE12943C
DE12943C DENDAT12943D DE12943DA DE12943C DE 12943 C DE12943 C DE 12943C DE NDAT12943 D DENDAT12943 D DE NDAT12943D DE 12943D A DE12943D A DE 12943DA DE 12943 C DE12943 C DE 12943C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
clay
filling
earthenware
porcelain
making porous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
DENDAT12943D
Other languages
German (de)
Original Assignee
G. A. buchholz in Charlottenburg, Spandauerstrafse 25
Publication of DE12943C publication Critical patent/DE12943C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/002Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material assembled from preformed elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/30Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon
    • B28B1/40Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon by wrapping, e.g. winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0029Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/065Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials characterised by physical aspects, e.g. shape, size or porosity

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)

Description

KAISERLICHES .SIMPERIAL .S

PATENTAMT,PATENT OFFICE,

KLASSE 80: Thon- und iklösc CLASS 80: Clay and icing c

jPoröses Porcellan, Steingut und Thon stelle ich dar, indem ich die bisher bekannten, zum Formen fertigen Massen der benannten Art mit solchen anderen Massen oder Körpern entsprechend in Verbindung bringe, die selbst während des Brennens der darzustellenden Waare verbrennen, und den Raum, den sie vor ihrem Verbrennen im Porcellan oder Thon einnahmen, leor oder mit einer Spur von Asche zurücklassen. : I represent porous porcelain, earthenware and clay by associating the previously known, ready-to-shape masses of the named kind with such other masses or bodies that burn themselves during the burning of the goods to be represented, and the space they occupy to be taken before burning in porcelain or clay, leor or leave with a trace of ashes. :

jlch verwende zur Herstellung der Porosität vorzugsweise Holz, Hanf, Flachs, Baumwolle (letztere drei in Gestalt von Fäden, Geweben od<2i· Geflechten), auch Holzgeflechte, Papier, Pappe aus leicht verbrennbarem Stoff, Körner verschiedener Art, und besonders solche, die wdiiig Kern oder Mark besitzen.I use it to create the porosity preferably wood, hemp, flax, cotton (the latter three in the form of threads, fabrics od <2i braids), also wood braids, paper, Cardboard made of easily combustible material, grains of various kinds, and especially those that wdiiig kernel or pulp.

Die Masse, welche beim Brennen der Waare in !derselben verbrennen soll, mag mit dem allgemeinen Namen »Füllung'« bezeichnet werden, womit angedeutet werden soll, dafs dieser Theil der zusammengesetzten Gegenstände ein integrirertder Theil derselben nicht sein wird bei ihrer Vollendung. .The mass which is supposed to burn in the commodity when it is burned may coincide with the general one The name "filling", which is intended to indicate that this part of the compound objects an integrated part will not be in theirs Completion. .

JDic Form, welche die Füllung bei ihrer Verbindung mit dem Porcellan oder Thon hat, ist dieselbe, welche die Poren haben werden, welche · sie j nach ihrem Verbrennen hinterläfst in den hergestellten Gegenständen; deshalb gebe ich den Füllungskörpern die Form der Poren, die ich! in der verlangten Waare brauche, soweit icW solche Formen oder Körper in der Natur liicjit fertig vorfinde.JDic shape showing the filling when connected with the porcelain or clay is the same as the pores will have, which it is left behind in the manufactured objects after it has been burned; that's why I give the filling bodies the shape of the pores that I! in the required goods so far I can find such forms or bodies ready-made in nature.

Fertig verwendbar zur Beimengung für Poren in !plastischer Masse sind Samenkörner, verschiedener Art und Gröfse, besonders magere Ge Ready to use as admixture for pores In a plastic mass there are grains of various kinds and sizes, especially thin grains

treidekörner und andere Körner. Besser aber ist die Füllung aus Holz, w^nn dasselbe zu , diesem Zwecke zubereitet wird, was in folgender Weise leicht geschieht: Dünne Weiden-, Birken- ■ oder Haselruthen werden in Stücke von 1, 2 oder 3 mm Länge zerschnitten; diese Abschnitte werden auf einem Graupengange wie Graupen aus Gerste abgerundet und nach Bedarf beliebig verkleinert, auch ebenso wie jene nach ihrer Gröfse sortirt und gleichmäfsig hergestellt. Solche Holzkörner werden mit dem zu verwendenden Porcellan oder Thon innig und in solcher Menge verbunden, dafs compacte oder ungemengte Stellen darin nicht mehr vorkommen.cereals and other grains. But it is better to have a wooden filling, if you want to do the same, for this purpose is prepared, which is easily done in the following way: Thin willow, birch ■ or hazel rods are cut into pieces 1, 2 or 3 mm long; these sections are rounded off like barley barley on a barley path and reduced in size as required, also just like barley barley sorted according to their size and made uniformly. Such wood grains are made with the The porcelain or clay to be used is intimately connected and in such an amount that it is compact or unconfined places no longer appear in it.

Sind regelmäfsig durchlaufende Poren oder Ocffhungen in den darzustellenden Gegenständen erforderlich, so werden in der verlangten Richtung Holzstäbe oder Bindfäden in solchen Abständen von einander und in solcher Stärke und Form eingelegt, wie dem jedesmaligen '■ Zwecke am besten gedient wird., Das Verfahren dazu ist' folgendes:Are regelmäfsig continuous pores or Ocffhungen in the displayed objects is required, are in the required direction of wooden rods or twine at such distances from each other and in such strength and shape inserted, such as each time it '■ purpose is best served., The procedure for this is 'the following:

Auf eine Platte Marmor, Kupfer, Messing oder Holz von entsprechender Gröfse wird eine Lage \ Porcellan oder Thon gleichmäfsig so weit oder stark aufgetragen, als die herzustellenden Poren nach der einen Richtung hin von einander entfernt sein sollen. Darauf werden die Stäbe oder Bindfäden gelegt, welche die durchgehenden Poren bilden sollen, und die zu besserer Förderung der Zusammensetzung des Gegen-' -v Standes in gleiche Abstände von einander vor- v her dadurch gebracht wurden, dafs sie mit so,...'" dünnen Fäden, als zu diesem Zwecke ausreicht, in der Art verwebt sind, dafs sie untereinanderOn a plate of marble, copper, brass, or wood of the appropriate size, a layer of porcelain or clay is evenly applied as far or thickly as the pores to be produced are to be separated from one another in one direction. Subsequently, the rods or twine are placed which are to form the continuous pores, and which have to better promote the composition of the counter '-v object in equal distances from each other upstream v forth brought characterized, that they with so, ... '"with thin threads, as is sufficient for this purpose, are interwoven in such a way that they are interwoven

beim Weiterlegen in derselben Lage bleiben. Auch durch mehrfaches Aufreihen auf Zwirnfiidcn mittelst der Nadel können diese Füllungskörper vor ihrer Verwendung geordnet weiden. Die zwischen den Füllungskörpern entstandenen, leeren Räume werden nun mit plastischer Masse ausgefüllt, so dafs sie mit der Füllung eine ununterbrochene Ebene bildet; darauf wird eine weitere Lage Porcellan oder Thon ebenso dick aufgetragen, als die erste Lage war, auf welche die Bindfaden- oder Stäbelage kam. Hierauf folgt eine neue Lage Füllung, bei der ebenso verfahren wird, wie bei der ersten. Es wird dann in derselben Ordnung fortgefahren, bis zu der Stärke oder Höhe, welche der herzustellende Gegenstand erfordert, oder wie es die Methode seiner Zusammensetzung nothwendig macht.stay in the same position when moving on. Also through multiple strings on twisted filaments By means of the needle, these filling bodies can graze in an orderly manner before they are used. The empty spaces created between the filling bodies are now given a plastic mass filled in so that it forms an uninterrupted plane with the filling; there will be a another layer of porcelain or clay applied as thickly as the first layer on which it was applied the string or sticks came. This is followed by a new layer of filling with the same proceed as with the first. It is then continued in the same order up to the strength or height which the object to be made requires, or as it is the method makes necessary of its composition.

Sollen die durchlaufenden Poren abwechselnd vertical und horizontal laufen, so werden die Füllungslagen bei der Zusammensetzung der Gegenstände abwechselnd so gelegt, dafs sie sfch unter einem rechten Winkel, oder annähernd so, schneiden., Sind vertical und horizontal durchlaufende Poren gemischt erforderlich, so wird Gewebe oder Geflecht von entsprechend starkem oder dünnem Bindfaden als Füllung in die plastische Masse gelegt, das offen oder lose genug gewebt ist, um die Verbindung aller Theile des darzustellenden Gegenstandes stark genug werden zu lassen. Im allgemeinen sollen bei gewebten oder geflochtenen Füllungen deren Oeffnungen oder Maschen im Durchmesser gleich sein mit demjenigen der Fäden, aus denen sie zusammengesetzt sind. <If the pores passing through are to run alternately vertically and horizontally, the When assembling the objects, layers of filling are alternately placed in such a way that they sfch at a right angle, or approximately so, cut., are vertical and horizontal Passing pores mixed required, so fabric or braid of accordingly strong or thin string as a filling in the plastic mass, which is open or loose is woven enough to make the connection of all parts of the subject matter strong to make enough. In general, in the case of woven or braided fillings, their Openings or meshes have the same diameter as that of the threads from which they are made are composed. <

; Für feine Porosität, nach beiden Richtungen hin durchlaufend, d. h. vertical und horizontal, ist offenes Gewebe aus starkem Zwirn als Füllung anzuwenden. ; For fine porosity, in both directions going through, d. H. vertical and horizontal, open fabric made of strong thread is used as a filling.

Lange oder breite durchlaufende Poren werden durch leinene oder baumwollene Bänder von entsprechender Breite und Stärke oder durch ebensolche Holzstreifen gebildet, die in derselben Weise wie die runden Füllungen vorher mit einander verbunden werden.Long or wide continuous pores are made by linen or cotton ribbons of appropriate width and thickness or formed by just such strips of wood that are in the same Way how the round fillings are connected to each other beforehand.

Ein rippenartiges Gefüge wird dadurch hergestellt, dafs gelochte Holz- oder Papptafeln in das Porcellan oder den Thon eingelegt werden. Solche Tafeln müssen so gelocht werden, dafs die Ocflnungen zweier Platten oder Tafeln sich begrenzen würden, wenn diese Tafeln sich deckend auf einander lägen; dadurch entsteht ein geflechtartiges Gefüge in dem hergestellten und fertigen Gegenstande. Wird Pappe als Füllung verwendet, so mufs dieselbe aus leicht verbrennbarer Masse bestehen.A rib-like structure is produced by inserting perforated wooden or cardboard panels the porcelain or clay can be inserted. Such boards must be punched in such a way that the openings of two plates or panels would be limited if these panels were to meet lie on top of each other; this creates a braid-like structure in the manufactured one and manufacture objects. Will cardboard as If the filling is used, it must consist of an easily combustible material.

Die Porosität wird doppelt durchgeführt, wenn aufser. der durchlaufenden Füllung auch noch die Körnerfüllung der plastischen Masse beigemengt wird.The porosity is carried out twice, if except. the continuous filling as well the grain filling is added to the plastic mass.

Die Verbindung der plastischen Masse mit der Füllung vollständig durchzuführen, .ist es nöthig, die Füllungskörper entweder vollständig mit Wasser vorher zu sättigen, ehe sie dem Porcellan oder Thon beigegeben werden, oder letzteren so viel oder etwas mehr Wasser zuzusetzen, als die etwa trockneren Füllungen nach ihrer Einfügung in das Porcellan oder den Thon absorbiren würden.'It is necessary to completely connect the plastic mass with the filling it is necessary either to saturate the filling bodies completely with water beforehand before they do this Porcelain or clay are added, or as much or a little more water is added to the latter, than the somewhat drier fillings would absorb after their insertion into the porcelain or clay. '

Nachdem die Füllungen in die Porcellan- oder Thonmasse eingefügt sind und die Form dem herzustellenden Gegenstande seinem Zwecke gemäfs gegeben worden ist, wird derselbe dem Trocknen ausgesetzt, um nach Entziehung aller Nässe gebrannt zu werden, wie andere Waare,. aus derselben Masse bestehend. -■After the fillings are inserted into the porcelain or clay mass and the shape has been given to the object to be manufactured according to its purpose, the same becomes that Exposed to drying, to be burned like other goods after all moisture has been removed. consisting of the same mass. - ■

In dieser Weise stelle ich Mahl- und Schälkörper für Getreidemühlen her, welche die Stelle der Steine zu ersetzen bestimmt sind, welche durch ihre unvergleichlich gröfsere Schärfe ebenso viel mehr Leistungsfähigkeit haben als jene, und welche vermöge ihrer Construction einer Schärfung niemals bedürfen. .In this way I produce grinding and peeling bodies for grain mills, which the place of the stones are intended to be replaced, which by their incomparably greater sharpness have just as much more efficiency than those, and which by virtue of their construction never need sharpening. .

Claims (2)

Patent-Ansprüche:Patent Claims: 1. ' Herstellung porösen Porcellans, Steingutes ! und Thones durch Einführung verbrennlicher Substanzen in Form von Pulver, Körnern, Fäden, Bändern und darauffolgendes Trocknen und Brennen.1. Production of porous porcelain, earthenware ! and thones by introducing combustible ones Substances in the form of powder, grains, threads, ribbons and the like Drying and firing. 2. Die Verwendung der so erzeugten, porösen Massen zur Herstellung: künstlicher Mülil-2. The use of the porous masses produced in this way for the production of: artificial garbage ] ; steine.- .:·■■' , "1^ ■; ■·; ..''·' ■■■'■. ·*. .■;"■ ■ ] ; stones.-.: · ■■ ', " 1 ^ ■ ; ■ ·; ..''·' ■■■ '■. · *.. ■;" ■ ■ tn: ©trapurg ■■ i. ©if.·1 — . SSerfaijren porÖfeS.·tn : © trapurg ■■ i. © if. 1 -. SSerfaijren porÖfeS. · PorjeUan, ©teingut unb tyon berjufteUen.;PorjeUan, © teingut unb tyon berjufteUen .; :,58cm 14. gcbruar 1879,05.-·; -.: · :■:..·]:, 58cm February 14, 1879.05.- ·; -. : ·: ■: .. ·] IIERLIK. (JEDKUCKT IN DER RKICIISDRUCKEUEr.;:IIERLIK. (JEDKUCKT IN THE RKICIISDRUCKEUEr.;: -.■'■■■i-. ■ '■■■ i
DENDAT12943D Process of making porous china, earthenware and clay Active DE12943C (en)

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DENDAT13821D Active DE13821C (en) Process for the production of porous grinding media made of porcelain together with the devices used for this purpose

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1126302B (en) * 1958-03-15 1962-03-22 Sven Fernhof Process for the manufacture of light ceramic products
EP0254557A3 (en) * 1986-07-22 1988-09-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. A porous structure and a process for production thereof
EP0330161A3 (en) * 1988-02-26 1990-09-26 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Method for the fabrication of a filter for soot particles
DE19547391C1 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-01-16 Juergen Zorn Process for the production of porous bricks
DE102009006699A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2010-08-05 Rhodius Schleifwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Abrasive with vegetable seed capsules as filler

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO134943C (en) * 1975-06-20 1977-01-12 Kongshavn Industri As
US4807918A (en) * 1988-03-15 1989-02-28 Hawco Manufacturing Co. Single line grapple

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1126302B (en) * 1958-03-15 1962-03-22 Sven Fernhof Process for the manufacture of light ceramic products
EP0254557A3 (en) * 1986-07-22 1988-09-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. A porous structure and a process for production thereof
EP0330161A3 (en) * 1988-02-26 1990-09-26 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Method for the fabrication of a filter for soot particles
DE19547391C1 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-01-16 Juergen Zorn Process for the production of porous bricks
DE102009006699A1 (en) * 2009-01-29 2010-08-05 Rhodius Schleifwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Abrasive with vegetable seed capsules as filler
WO2010086371A1 (en) 2009-01-29 2010-08-05 Rhodius Schleifwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Grinding disk having plant seed capsules as a filler and method for the production thereof

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Publication number Publication date
DE13821C (en)

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