DE1278028B - Converter fuel element for nuclear reactors - Google Patents
Converter fuel element for nuclear reactorsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1278028B DE1278028B DES97281A DES0097281A DE1278028B DE 1278028 B DE1278028 B DE 1278028B DE S97281 A DES97281 A DE S97281A DE S0097281 A DES0097281 A DE S0097281A DE 1278028 B DE1278028 B DE 1278028B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- emitter
- fuel element
- space
- converter
- expansion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/40—Structural combination of fuel element with thermoelectric element for direct production of electric energy from fission heat or with another arrangement for direct production of electric energy, e.g. a thermionic device
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHESGERMAN
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL
Int. Cl.rInt. Cl.r
Deutsche KL:German KL:
Nummer:
Aktenzeichen:
Anmeldetag:
Auslegetag:Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:
G21hG21h
H02nH02n
21g -21/30 21g -21/30
21b-29/0021b-29/00
P 12 78 028.8-33 (S 97281)P 12 78 028.8-33 (S 97281)
25. Mai 1965May 25, 1965
19. September 196819th September 1968
Gegenstand des Patents 1242 768 ist ein thermionisches Konverterbrennelement für Kernreaktoren, bestehend aus einer Reihenschaltung thermionischer Dioden, bei denen der Kernbrennstoff in die Emitterelektroden eingebettet und vom Emittermaterial beabstandet ist und bei dem Spaltstoffteilchen aus beispielsweise keramischem Spaltstoff in ein Metall eingelagert sind, demgegenüber sie einen größeren Ausdehnungskoeffizienten der Temperatur aufweisen und welche durch einen Tempervorgang vor dem Einsatz im Emitter einen Ausdehnungsraum zwischen ihrer Oberfläche und dem Grundmetall haben.The subject of patent 1242 768 is a thermionic Converter fuel element for nuclear reactors, consisting of a series connection of thermionic Diodes in which the nuclear fuel is embedded in the emitter electrodes and spaced from the emitter material is and in the case of the fissile material particles from, for example, ceramic fissile material in a metal are embedded, on the other hand, they have a greater coefficient of expansion of the temperature and which by a tempering process before use in the emitter an expansion space between their surface and the base metal.
Im Zuge der Weiterentwicklung des Spaltstoffaufbaues wurde erfindungsgemäß gefunden, daß es besonders günstig ist, wenn die Spaltstoffteilchen einen Durchmesser aufweisen, der kleiner als 1 μ ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die beim Tempervorgang im Grundmetall entstehenden blasenförmigen Hohlräume infolge ihrer Oberflächenspannung in der Lage sind, den Spaltgasdruck praktisch ohne Verformung aufzunehmen. Selbstverständlich wird es aber auch hier mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer möglich sein, daß Spaltgase durch das Grundmetall hindurchdiffundieren. Es ist in diesem Zusammenhang dann zweckmäßig, die den Brennstoff umgebende Hülle mit Öffnungen bzw. Ableitrohren zu versehen, so daß die ausdiffundierenden gasförmigen Spaltprodukte entweichen können.In the course of the further development of the structure of fissile materials it was found according to the invention that it is particularly advantageous if the fission material particles have a diameter that is smaller than 1 μ. This has the advantage that during the tempering process bubble-shaped cavities that arise in the base metal due to their surface tension are to absorb the cracked gas pressure with practically no deformation. But of course it will Here, with increasing operating time, it may be possible for fission gases to diffuse through the base metal. In this context, it is then expedient to place the envelope surrounding the fuel to be provided with openings or discharge pipes, so that the gaseous fission products diffusing out can escape.
Bei Konverterbrennelementen, die zur Stromversorgung von Raumfahrzeugen eingesetzt sind, ist es zweckmäßig, diese Ableitrohre direkt in den freien Raum ausmünden zu lassen. Bei Konverterbrennelementen jedoch, die in stationären erdgebundenen Reaktoren eingesetzt sind, besteht diese direkte Möglichkeit nicht, es müßten noch entsprechende Filtereinrichtungen vorgesehen werden. Es können jedoch die radioaktiven Spaltgase ohne größere Bedenken in den Konverterspalt zwischen Emitter- und Kollektorelektrode eingelassen werden. Erst wenn die Konzentration zu stark werden sollte, ist es zweckmäßig, den Spalt mit Caesiumdampf zu spülen. Es wird genügen, diesen Vorgang nur einige Male während eines Betriebsjahres durchzuführen und sein Einsetzen durch entsprechend eingestellte Langzeitglieder zu steuern. Der mit radioaktiven Gasen verunreinigte Caesiumdampf kann durch Kondensation des Caesiums gereinigt werden, so daß bei diesem Vorgang keine Caesiumverluste einzutreten brauchen. Sollte bei Konverterbrennelementen in Raumfahrzeugen keine Ableitung der Spaltgase in den freien Raum möglich sein, so ist selbstverständlich auch hier eine Caesiumdampfspülung des Konverterspaltes durchführbar. Es Konverterbrennelement für KernreaktorenIn the case of converter fuel elements, which are used to supply power to spacecraft, it is expedient to let these drainage pipes open out directly into the free space. With converter fuel elements however, which are used in stationary terrestrial reactors, this direct possibility exists not, appropriate filter devices would have to be provided. It can, however the radioactive fission gases into the converter gap between the emitter and collector electrodes without any major concern be admitted. Only when the concentration becomes too strong is it advisable to use the Rinse the gap with cesium vapor. It will be enough to do this only a few times during a year of operation to be carried out and its onset to be controlled by appropriately set long-term members. The cesium vapor contaminated with radioactive gases can be purified by condensation of the cesium so that no cesium losses need to occur during this process. Should be at Converter fuel elements in spacecraft do not allow the fission gases to be diverted into free space cesium vapor purging of the converter gap can of course also be carried out here. It Converter fuel element for nuclear reactors
Zusatz zum Patent: 1 242 768Addendum to the patent: 1 242 768
Anmelder:Applicant:
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin und München,Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin and Munich,
8520 Erlangen, Werner-von-Siemens-Str. 508520 Erlangen, Werner-von-Siemens-Str. 50
Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:
Dipl.-Phys. Karl Janner,Dipl.-Phys. Karl Janner,
Dr. Heinz Stehle, 8520 ErlangenDr. Heinz Stehle, 8520 Erlangen, Germany
ist in diesen Fällen lediglich notwendig, für die Spülungs- und Kondensationstechnik Ventile vorzusehen, bei denen keine gleitende Reibung zwischen Metallteilen notwendig ist. Solche Ventile können z. B. aus keramischen oder glasartigen Stoffen hergestellt sein, wobei die Bewegung des Ventilkörpers durch die Wärmedehnung entsprechend beheizter oder gekühlter metallischer Bauteile erfolgen kann.In these cases it is only necessary to provide valves for the flushing and condensation technology, where there is no need for sliding friction between metal parts. Such valves can z. B. made of ceramic or vitreous materials, the movement of the valve body can take place through the thermal expansion of correspondingly heated or cooled metallic components.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES97281A DE1278028B (en) | 1964-11-26 | 1965-05-25 | Converter fuel element for nuclear reactors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES94336A DE1242768B (en) | 1964-11-26 | 1964-11-26 | Thermionic converter fuel element for nuclear reactors |
| DES97281A DE1278028B (en) | 1964-11-26 | 1965-05-25 | Converter fuel element for nuclear reactors |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1278028B true DE1278028B (en) | 1968-09-19 |
Family
ID=25997910
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES97281A Pending DE1278028B (en) | 1964-11-26 | 1965-05-25 | Converter fuel element for nuclear reactors |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1278028B (en) |
-
1965
- 1965-05-25 DE DES97281A patent/DE1278028B/en active Pending
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