DE1270848B - Circuit arrangement for determining the degree of agreement between a character string and a stored character string - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY GERMAN S / jffiWWl · PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

G06k

German class: 42 m6 - 9/06

Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

P 12 70 848.4-53 November 26, 1965 June 20, 1968

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for determining the degree of correspondence of a signal sequence, the individual signals of which appear one after the other on one of η lines with a stored signal sequence through a square matrix, the column lines with the lines and the row lines individually with the column lines with the same ordinal number Delay elements are connected and other crossing points comparison circuits are present. Such a circuit arrangement is able to recognize one or more predetermined character strings. Such circuit arrangements are of interest for machine character recognition. As a character string, the features occurring when scanning a character, such as. B. overlaps, connections, character endings, etc., can be viewed. In general, a circuit arrangement for recognizing character strings is suitable for the evaluation of any events. so

A circuit arrangement with a square matrix is known in which the input signals are based on the Columns - and delayed by one cycle time - given to the row lines with the same ordinal number so that correlations are formed between successive input signals (Belgian Patent 634,795, Fig. 3). This known arrangement works with analog memory elements the intersection points, and it does not serve to solve the above problem.

The invention is characterized in that there is an AND circuit at each crossing point of the matrix is provided, the outputs of which each have presettable switches that store the signal sequence serve, with a common, set to the number of closed presettable switches Meters are connected.

According to a development of the invention, the presettable switches can be similar to a Learning matrix (German patent specification 1179 409) are controlled so that the whole arrangement becomes capable of learning.

With another development it is also possible to store several character strings with several to compare.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the figures, for example. It shows

F i g. 1 is a block diagram of the circuit arrangement according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a crossing point of the arrangement according to Fig. 1.

On the circuit lines 10 of the circuit arrangement for determining the degree the match of a character string with a stored character string

Applicant:

International Standard Electric Corporation, New York, N.Y. (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. H. Ciaessen, patent attorney, 7000 Stuttgart W, Rotebühlstr. 70

Named as inventor:

John Hugh Andreae,

Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire (UK)

Claimed priority:

Great Britain, November 27, 1964 (48 244)

according to FIG. 1 the input signals A ... E arrive one after the other. The arrangement emits an output signal on the line 11 when a predetermined sequence of the input signals A to E occurs. In practicing the invention, it will generally be necessary to consider more than five features and recognize more than one predetermined sequence. To facilitate understanding of the invention, only five input features are provided in the drawing. For the same reason, only a single output terminal 11 is shown. In the simplest version of the arrangement, only the output signal YES or NO is possible. However, it can also be useful not only to display the exact match of a stored character string with the character string to be recognized, but also to have a measure of the degree of correspondence between a character string to be recognized and one of the stored character strings.

The input lines 10 are the column lines of a sequence recognition matrix, denoted by 12 is. An electrical arrangement is discussed in greater detail in the following description. The principle of the invention can, however, easily also apply to optical, pneumatic or hydraulic Arrangements are used. A second

809 560/221

Claims (1)

3 4 Set of input lines 13 crosses the first input signal sequence to be detected occurs on the output lines 10. At each crossing point of a Leiklemme 11 for each pair in the sequence, which is also in device 10 of one set is present with a line 13 of the stored sequence, an output of the other The first sentence is based on the input signal. The sum of the signals at the output signal responsive element 14 that occurs in this 5 11 is therefore a measure of how close the electrical embodiment a simple AND to be recognized signal sequence of the stored signal circuit with two inputs is an output sequence. signal at terminal 15 when the two The second gate circuits are 18, as I said, Inputs can be controlled at the same time. Switches, and in the simplest form they can The operation of the circuit is based on the actual switch or equivalent, the fact that any sequence of input z. B. plug connections od. The like. That it ersignalenk to E only by the number of possible that a desired pattern, the other following signal pairs can be represented. should be recognized, can be set manually The signal pairs within a signal sequence can. To make the arrangement adaptive, be the same or different. Under this pre-15, the second gate circuits 18 can be designed so that the sequence does not need to be prepared to occur even within the sequence prepared by an input signal which is to be determined on all the successive pairs of second gate circuits 18. At the gden. A second gate arrangement prepared in this way arrives at the momentary Si- circuit 18, when activated with a signal of the signal sequence to the corresponding one of the input 20 signals from the first gate circuit 14 in the routing lines 10, and the previous signal is controlled and the state remains there after the signal sequence is switched off at the same time as the input signals. Accordingly, the corresponding lines 13 are given. Order is created by a certain sequence of signals A to E at the point where the two lines cross, and at the same time the second gate clearly defines the "subsequent pair" that prepares 25 circuits 18 from input 19, then the two Signals heard, and the two signals, the arrangement is set in such a way that it can recognize this sequence of events at the corresponding crossing point 14, that is to say that if the sequence of input signals occurs again, this causes an output signal from the occurrence of the sequence of input signals is given away from the crossing point, which indicates, switched input 19 the corresponding second that the corresponding pair has occurred. 30 gate circuits 18 are already in the conductive state, The forwarding of the input signals from the so that they can pass signals to the output 11- Line group 10 to line group 13 is through NEN. clocks the input signals itself. Each input Fig. 2 shows a crossing point of the matrix, Line 10 is a three-stage shift register 16 which also consists of logic circuits. According to Fig. 2 ordered, with the first stage of the input line 35 is from the AND circuit with two inputs connected is. In the drawing there is only register 14, which is between input lines 10 and 13 16, which belongs to the input line E , is shown. This is controlled by a second logic circuit, the input signal E reaches the corresponding one from another AND circuit 20, a bi-column line and at the same time (as a binary 1) to the stable flip-flop 21 and a NAND switching first stage of the shift register 16 The input device 22 consists. The mode of operation of the arrangement pulse also reaches a delay element according to FIG. 2 can easily be overlooked. she will 17, which after a short time has the effect that it is therefore not explained in more detail. the first stage of the shift register in the previous description of the arrangement binary 1 is pushed into the second stage. only the determination of the degree of conformity When the next input signal is viewed on one of the lines of a given signal sequence, tungenlO (also on the line £ can be switched on again, whereby the number counted on the output line 11 Signal occur), the information in the shift of output signals is a measure of the degree of register 16 is shifted to the third position and returns a match. To enable detection of an output signal which enables the row line E 'of the two or more preset sequences second group of conductors 13 arrives. Borrowed 50 in this way, a corresponding number of additional the first gate circuit 14, which is based on the borrowed sets of second gate circuits 18 and Crossing point of line E ' and, for example, speaking output lines required. Everyone the line B is located, controlled and outputs a set of second gate circuits requires a single one output signal from, that means that the pair E 'B to mark input 19. In order to adjust the setting of the different stepped. At the next input signal, for example those second gate circuits 18, those of a first wise on line C, the signal from gate circuit 14 is assigned to enable Transfer line B to line B ' so that an optical connection can be provided, Crossing point, the pair B 'C that is driven at the first gate circuit 14, a light source will. controls. The light from this light source is from Each first gate circuit 14 is a second gate 60 of a number of photocells, each part circuit 18 assigned, which are designed as a switch of the second gate circuits. The photocells that can be opened or closed, it is appropriate to attach around the light source. that a signal from output 15 of the first gate gate is ordered, device 14 can get to output 11 or not. . The first gate circuits 14 are in accordance with 65 patent claims: Mood with the sequence of the input signals. 1. Circuit arrangement for determining the controls. With a certain pre-setting of the degree of correspondence of a signal sequence, second gate circuits 18 and when entering one of their individual signals to one of each η lines occur one after the other, with a stored signal sequence, through a square matrix, the column lines of which with the η lines, the row lines of which are individually connected to the column lines of the same ordinal number via delay elements and at their crossing points there are comparison circuits, characterized in that at each crossing point the Matrix (12) an AND circuit (14) is provided, the outputs of which are each connected via presettable switches (18), which are used to store the signal sequence, to a common counter set to the number of closed presettable switches. 2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch (18) as electronic bistable switches are formed by simultaneous control of the output (15) of the associated AND circuit (14) and of another, common to all switches Input (19) can be brought into the switched-through state, so that in the Matrix a sequence of characters to be recognized can be taught. 3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 or 2 for determining the degree of correspondence several signal sequences with several stored signal sequences, characterized in that that several mutually decoupled sets of switches are provided, each with a counter are. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 1179 409;
German Auslegeschrift No. 1180178;
Belgian Patent No. 634,795;
Cybernetics, Vol. 1, H. 1, January 1961, pp. 36 to 45. 1 sheet of drawings 809 560/221 6.68 @ Bundesdruckerei Berlin