DE1264663B - Cosmetics, detergents, cleaning agents and water repellants containing anionic and cationic surfactant mixtures - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

ClId

German class: 23 e - 2

Number: 1264 663

File number: R 40864IV a / 23 e

Filing date: June 14, 1965

Opening day: March 28, 1968

The invention relates to an anion-active and cation-active surfactant mixtures containing washing, cleaning, Cosmetic or water repellent agent.

There are detergents and cleaning agents known that are made from mixtures of cationic compounds with non-ionic substances exist. These funds, which can be mixed in any desired ratio and allow practically any concentration to dissolve into clear aqueous solutions, however, have one A number of disadvantages, such as: B. in particular poor foaming power, poor sprayability too dry powders as well as in some cases a greatly reduced disinfection effect.

There are also detergents and cleaning agents made from anionic sulfated or sulfonated surfactants, in particular fatty alcohol derivatives, known, the cation-active compounds, especially quaternary Ammonium compounds or phosphonium compounds up to a content of 30%, based on the detergent substance. In these detergents, in which the rest of the cation-active The proportion may only be contained in less than a stoichiometric amount, if the solutions are cloudy, Pastes, powders, soaps or the like, that is to say, agents that are already considered cloudy, amorphous or crystalline in themselves Masses are present and in which thus the reaction between the anion-active and cation-active Components of precipitated undissolved salts do not appear. Clear, aqueous solutions cannot be used when the compounds mentioned are mixed in the given mixing ratios can be obtained, so that as a result of the reaction between the anion-active and cation-active components Part of the active washing substance is lost to insoluble compounds. This fact is also to be regarded as a reason for the fact that such detergents are only sub-stoichiometric Should have proportion of cationic substances, otherwise, d. H. when adding stoichiometric amounts of cation-active constituents as a result of the reaction that occurs, the detergent Substance completely precipitated, d. H. would be ineffective.

There are also known detergents in which both cationic and anionic constituents are contained and in their production the cationic active substances present in a substoichiometric amount Materials are first coated with inorganic electron neutral salts and only then with the anion-active substances, are mixed, the same, above-mentioned compound anion-active and cosmetics, detergents, cleaning agents and water repellants containing cationic surfactant mixtures

Applicant:

REWO Chemical Factory G. mb H.,
6497 Steinau

Named as inventor:

Dipl.-Chem. Helmut Hoffmann, 6497 Steinau;

Dr. rer. nat. Wilhelm Mellon, 6483 Salmünster;

Wolfgang B. Reinisch,

Kingston-on-Thames, Surrey (UK)

find fertilization use. When using this manufacturing process, clear aqueous solutions can be obtained in application concentration, d. H. with a content of 0.1% detergent substance obtained will. Clear liquid solutions of higher concentration can also be made using this procedure are not obtained, rather, as in the case described above, precipitation occurs insoluble Components on the one hand to a clouding of the solution and on the other hand to a loss active detergent substance leads.

Clear solutions with slightly higher concentrations of mixtures of cation-active with detergent-active In some cases, anionic substances can only be obtained by adding high levels of nonionic detergent compounds, However, this includes the addition of at least 50%, but preferably 80% nonionic constituents which are known to have a strong solubilizing effect. In these cases, too, the anion-active detergent substances are only sulfated or sulfonated Compounds provided, the residual ionic content in the total amount also on a large amount of cationic active substance and a small amount of anionic active detergent substance distributed. The clear solubility of these mixtures is based on the strong solubilizing effect the nonionic constituents present in large excess, such as. B. highly ethoxylated Fatty alcohols or nonylphenol polyglycol ethers, the

809 520/654

which is extraordinary due to the one-sided mixing ratio of ionic substances Keep a small amount of insoluble substance in solution. Even in these 'cases it is in the majority of cases To achieve clear solutions, the addition of alcohols is necessary, which in turn, however, with Disadvantages of various kinds are connected.

Even when mixing large amounts of anionic constituents with the addition of very small amounts of cation-active substances, for example in a ratio of 100 to 1000: 1, can clear Solutions in higher concentrations are not obtained, which is why such mixtures only for the production of pastes, soaps, syndets or powders are used.

The invention relates to agents of this type containing anion-active and cation-active surfactants, the Clear aqueous solutions result even in higher mixing ratios and higher concentrations, and the invention is that the means of anionic detergent substances with two or more functional groups exist, which cation-active compounds up to one

Expression - corresponding molar ratio zürn ^

are set, where η is the number of functional groups of the anion-active and m is the number of functional groups of the cation-active constituents.

When producing, for example, a detergent from a bifunctional anion-active detergent Substance and cation-active quaternary ammonium compounds can be the anion-active detergent Substance quaternary ammonium compounds are added up to a molar ratio of 1: 1, while when using trifunctional anion-active detergent substance an additive up to a molar ratio of 1: 2 is possible without impairing the solubility of the mixtures.

Sulphosuccinic acid products, for example, can be used as bifunctional, anion-active detergent substances the constitution

their favorable production possibilities the quaternary ammonium compounds of the structure

R - N

X =

45

R-Y-C-CH-CH-C-OM

in which R is an alkyl radical with at least 6 carbon atoms, Y is a CHo group and, as a rule, a link containing O, N, S or other heteroatoms, X = H or SO ₃ M, Z = H or SO ₃ M and M is any cation, e.g. B. metal, amine, alkanolamine or ammonium. In addition, however, sulfo fatty acids, for example ct-sulfo fatty acids and compounds with two sulfide groups, compounds with one sulfo group and one carboxyl group and compounds with two carboxyl groups in the molecule and furthermore phosphonic acids with one alkyl radical and two acid functions and a number of other compounds can be used.

The so-called "onium compounds" are generally used as cation-active compounds, d. H. Phosphonium, ammonium, sulfonium and pyridinium compounds, into consideration. Particularly beneficial find because of their widespread use and application, wherein X is any anion, for example HSQi®, the halides, the saccharinate anion, phthalimidate anion or another anionic Remainder, for example the remainder of an acidic sulfimide, denotes and wherein at least one R from should consist of a longer-chain alkyl radical from Cj to C22 and above.

The agents according to the invention behave like an anionic compound, i. i.e., you can do without further with nonionic compounds and conventional detergent additives, such as. B. phosphates, Silicates, inorganic salts, and the like, are mixed. As a rule, they can also be used with certain monofunctional anionic compounds are mixed without precipitation of insoluble components.

In addition, when the agents according to the invention are used, they can generally be considered to be insoluble existing compounds are brought into solution. Is z. B. a sparingly soluble in 40% aqueous solution SuIfosuccinic acid product with 1 mole of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride When mixed per mole of sulfosuccinic acid product, a 40% opaque paste is obtained, which only becomes apparent on further dilution becomes clearly soluble with water. The sulfosuccinic acid product alone would have turned out to be in this case behave in the same way. On the other hand, mixing 1 mol of a 40% solution in water gives clear soluble sulfo amber product with 1 mole of a water-insoluble quaternary ammonium salt, for example Alkyldimethylbenzylammonium saccharinate, a clear aqueous solution of over 40% up to infinite dilution.

The advantage of the means according to the invention is in particular that they are on the one hand in higher Concentrations are clearly soluble and that, despite their anionic behavior, the properties of the cationic constituents contained in them are retained in full. Furthermore is used as a cationic additive when using onium compounds of the type described above the viscosity increases significantly, so that ζ. Β. also solutions with contents of 10 or 5% more active washing Substance still have a high viscosity. It continues without any significant impairment the cleaning or washing power and the foaming power, the wetting power and the lime soap dispersing power to a considerable extent elevated. It has also been shown that the resulting from the electrostatic charging of tissue Back-soiling is considerably reduced after using the agents according to the invention, just like the degreasing effect on skin and hair of the commonly used anionic detergents Substances is reduced to a considerable extent by the content of cation-active materials.

Corresponding to these excellent properties, the agents according to the invention allow an extraordinary one versatile application, it should be emphasized in particular that the certain quaternary

Disinfecting and antifungal effects inherent in ammonium compounds in the mixtures is not affected. The agents according to the invention are accordingly outstandingly suitable for the production of disinfecting cleaning agents, detergents and dishwashing agents, washing pastes and other hygienic or cosmetic purposes. The funds can go about it also for chemical-technical purposes, for example for the hydrophobization of natural and synthetic fibers and hard surfaces as well as for making synthetic fibers and plastic antistatic and the like. Use.

Some possible applications are set out below with the aid of some exemplary embodiments of the agents according to the invention explained:

1.Liquid cleaning agent with disinfectant additive:

29 parts of sulfosuccinic acid half ester of

Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, sodium salt, 1 part alkyldimethylbenzylammonium

saccharinate,
70 parts of water.

2. Liquid detergent with disinfectant additive:

20 parts of Na-alkylarylsulfonate, 5 parts of fatty acid diethanolamide, 5 parts of fatty alcohol diglycol ether sulfate,

Na-SaIz,
4.5 parts of sulfosuccinic acid half-ester of

Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether,

Na-SaIz,
0.5 parts of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium

chloride,
Remainder to 100 water.

3.Liquid car detergent:

10 parts sulfosuccinic acid half-ester of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, Na monoethanolamine salt,

10 parts of alkyldimethylhydroxyethyl

ammonium chloride, remainder to 100 water.

4.Liquid, hydrophobic and antistatic cleaning agent:

15 parts of sulfosuccinic acid half-ester _{of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, Na-NH 4 salt,}

10 parts of alkylhydroxyethylimidazolinium

chloride,
Remainder to 100 water.

5.Disinfectant body cleanser:

10 parts of sulfosuccinic acid half-ester of

Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether, sodium salt, 5 parts fatty acid diethanolamide,

5 parts of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium

phthalimidate,
Remainder to 100 water.

6.Liquid, deodorizing bubble bath:

30 parts of sulfosuccinic acid half ester of

Fatty acid alkylolamide, sodium salt,

6 parts of fatty acid alkylolamide,

4 parts of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium

saccharinate,
Remainder to 100 water.

7. Washing paste, antistatic:

30 parts of sulfosuccinic acid half ester of

Fatty acid alkylolamide, sodium salt, 3 parts of fatty acid monoethanolane,

3 parts fatty alcohol sulfate,

2 parts of alkyltrimethylammonium sulfimidate, remainder to 100 water.

The sulfimidate formed is completely dissociated in the washing paste.

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Cosmetics, detergents, cleaning agents and cosmetics containing anionic and cationic surfactants Water-repellent agents, characterized in that they consist of anion-active detergent Substances with two or more functional groups exist, which are cationic Links up to one of the expression added corresponding molar ratio are, where η is the number of functional groups of the anion-active and m is the number of functional groups of the cation-active constituents. 2. Means according to claim 1, characterized in that the anion-active detergent substances Sulphosuccinic acid products of the constitution R - Y - C - CH - CH - C - OM Use where R is an alkyl radical with at least 6 carbon atoms, Y is a CHo group and, as a rule, a link containing O, N, S or other heteroatoms, X = H or SO ₃ M, Z = H or SO ₃ M and M is any cation, e.g. B. metal, amine, alkanolamine or ammonium. 3. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the anionic detergent substance Sulfofatty acids, for example α-sulfofatty acids, compounds with two sulfo groups, a sulfo group and a carboxyl group or with two carboxyl groups in the molecule, phosphonic acids with one alkyl radical and two acid functions or alkyl phosphoric acid esters with two acid functions. 4. Means according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the cation-active compounds the so-called onium compounds, d. H. Phosphonium, ammonium, sulfonium and pyridinium compounds, Find use. 5. Composition according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the cation-active compounds quaternary ammonium compounds of the structure R - N - R®
R. Find application in which X denotes any anion, for example HSO4 ^e , the halides, the saccharinate anion, phthalimidate anion or another anionic radical, for example the radical of an acidic sulfimide, and in which at least one R consists of a longer-chain alkyl radical from C4 to C22 and above .