DE1259681B - Method of joining a diamond to metal or other materials by soldering - Google Patents
Method of joining a diamond to metal or other materials by solderingInfo
- Publication number
- DE1259681B DE1259681B DEN22007A DEN0022007A DE1259681B DE 1259681 B DE1259681 B DE 1259681B DE N22007 A DEN22007 A DE N22007A DE N0022007 A DEN0022007 A DE N0022007A DE 1259681 B DE1259681 B DE 1259681B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- diamond
- gold
- alloy
- tantalum
- niobium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3013—Au as the principal constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/003—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
- C04B37/006—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts consisting of metals or metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/658—Atmosphere during thermal treatment
- C04B2235/6581—Total pressure below 1 atmosphere, e.g. vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/125—Metallic interlayers based on noble metals, e.g. silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/126—Metallic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
- C04B2237/127—The active component for bonding being a refractory metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/34—Oxidic
- C04B2237/343—Alumina or aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
- C04B2237/363—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
- C04B2237/704—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the ceramic layers or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
- C04B2237/708—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/76—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising at least one member in the form other than a sheet or disc, e.g. two tubes or a tube and a sheet or disc
- C04B2237/765—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising at least one member in the form other than a sheet or disc, e.g. two tubes or a tube and a sheet or disc at least one member being a tube
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Verbinden eines Diamanten mit Metall oder mit anderen Werkstoffen durch Löten Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Verbinden eines Diamanten mit Metall oder mit anderen Werkstoffen durch Löten. Für verschiedene Verwendungszwecke, z. B. zur Fertigung von Werkzeugen, wie Bohrern und Meißeln, und von Abtastnadeln für Schallplatten, ist nämlich eine . gut haftende Verbindung eines Diamanten mit Metall unbedingt notwendig.Method of joining a diamond to metal or to others Materials by Soldering The invention relates to a method of joining of a diamond with metal or with other materials by soldering. For different Uses, e.g. B. for the production of tools such as drills and chisels, and of styluses for gramophone records, is namely one. well-adhering connection of a diamond with metal is absolutely necessary.
Es ist bekannt, daß Metalle im allgemeinen auf Diamant keine gut haftenden Verbindungen liefern. Dies ist meist auf die Tatsache zurückzuführen, daß sie in flüssigem Zustand den Diamanten nicht oder nur ungenügend benetzen.It is known that metals generally do not adhere well to diamond Deliver connections. This is mostly due to the fact that they are in in the liquid state, do not wet the diamond or only wet it insufficiently.
Besser verhalten sich in dieser Hinsicht die Metalle Titan und Zirkonium, die bekanntlich zu diesem Zweck als Zwischenschicht benutzt werden. Diese Metalle wurden z: B. durch Zersetzung im Vakuum aus den Hydriden auf Diamantoberflächen aufgebracht, auf denen mit Hilfe eines Kupfer-Silber-Lotes eine weitere Verbindung durchgeführt wurde.The metals titanium and zirconium behave better in this regard, which are known to be used as an intermediate layer for this purpose. These metals were for example: by decomposition in a vacuum from the hydrides on diamond surfaces applied, on which a further connection with the help of a copper-silver solder was carried out.
Es ist auch bekannt, daß eine gute Verbindung auf Diamant unmittelbar durch Anwendung von Kupfer-Silber=Legierungen . mit einem Titangehalt erzielbar ist.. _ Die Anwendung von Titan und Zirkonium hat nun aber den Nachteil, daß diese Metalle in Luft 'leicht unter Bildung von Oxyden und Nitriden reagieren und dann 'nicht mehr zur Benetzung des Diamanten beitragen können. Gute Verbindungen können a@ner in diesen Fällen nur durch Anwendung eines hohen Vakuums von. mindestens 10-4 mm Hg, oder einer nicht mehr als einige millionstel an Verunreinigung enthaltenden Edelgasatmosphäre erzielt Weiden.It is also known that a good bond is immediate on diamond by using copper-silver = alloys. achievable with a titanium content is .. _ The use of titanium and zirconium has the disadvantage that this Metals in air 'easily react and then to form oxides and nitrides 'can no longer contribute to the wetting of the diamond. Good connections can But in these cases only by applying a high vacuum of. at least 10-4 mm Hg, or containing no more than a few millionths of an impurity Weiden achieves a noble gas atmosphere.
Auch bei Verwendung der genannten titanhaltigen Lotlegierungen treten . diese Schwierigkeiten auf. Außerdem Werden- die meisten-Materialien. durch diese Legierungen in flüssigem Zustand chemisch angegriffen, was zu Verwicklungen bei der Herstellung und der Verarbeitung dieser Legierungen führt.Also occur when using the aforementioned titanium-containing solder alloys . these difficulties arise. Also will-most-materials. through this Alloys are chemically attacked in the liquid state, which leads to entanglements the production and processing of these alloys.
Schließlich wird die Anwendung von Titan oder Zirkonium als Zwischenschicht noch dadurch beschränkt, daß die Zusammensetzung des auf dieser Schicht zu verwendenden Lotes auf die Erzielung eines hinreichend angepaßten Ausdehnungskoeffizienten abgestimmt sein muß. Dies ist auch der Fall bei den titanhaltigen Lotlegierungen, die unmittelbar auf dem Diamanten angebracht werden.Finally, the use of titanium or zirconium as an intermediate layer still limited by the composition of the to be used on this layer Solder matched to achieve a sufficiently adjusted coefficient of expansion have to be. This is also the case with the titanium-containing solder alloys, which directly to be attached to the diamond.
Die Erfindung bezweckt, die obenerwähnten Nachteile hintanzuhalten.The invention aims to obviate the above-mentioned disadvantages.
Das Verfahren zum Verbinden eines Diamanten mit Metall oder mit anderen Werkstoffen durch Löten zeichnet sich gemäß der Erfindung dadurch aus, daß mit einer an sich bekannten binären oder ternären Legierung aus Gold .mit einem Gehalt, an Tantal und/oder Niob von wenigstens 1 Ö/= und einem Höchstgehalt von 25% Tantal bzw. 100/bi' Niob im* Vakuum oder in einer Edelgasatmosplä're:gelötet wird. .. , . .The process of joining a diamond to metal or to others Materials by soldering is characterized according to the invention in that with a known binary or ternary alloy of gold .with a content of Tantalum and / or niobium of at least 1 Ö / = and a maximum content of 25% tantalum or 100 / bi 'niobium in a vacuum or in a noble gas atmosphere: is soldered. .., . .
. Bei der Fertigung von. Halbleiteranordnungen- mit-,' einem halbleitenden Körper. aüs@ Sili.ciuncarbid, auf dem mindestens eine Elektrode= aufgdschmolzen ist; ' ist -es bekannt, diese . äufgeschmolzeüen 'Elektroden' ganz oder :teilweise aus Gold-..mit mindestenseüietm-' hochschmelzenden 17bergangselement bestehen zu lassen, wobei neben anderen Vorschlägen als übergangselement auch Tantal und Niob angeführt sind. Hierdurch ist aber nicht nahegelegt, daß solche Goldlegierungen bei einem von Siliciumcarbid grundverschiedenen Stoff, nämlich bei einem Diamanten, eine äußerst gut haftende Verbindung ermöglichen, die höchsten Anforderungen entspricht, wie sie beispielsweise bei einer Abtastnadel oder bei einem Meißel verlangt werden muß.. When manufacturing. Semiconductor arrangements with, 'a semiconducting Body. aüs @ Sili.ciuncarbid, on which at least one electrode = melted is; 'it is known this. "Electrodes" melted completely or partially made of gold - .. with at least one high melting point transition element let, with tantalum and niobium as a transition element in addition to other proposals are listed. However, this does not suggest that such gold alloys in the case of a substance that is fundamentally different from silicon carbide, namely a diamond, enable an extremely well-adhering connection that meets the highest requirements, as required, for example, for a stylus or a chisel got to.
Da die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Legierungen weniger leicht reagieren, kann das Aufschmelzen in einem weniger guten Vakuum, z. B. von 10-g mm Hg; oder in einer weniger reinen Edelgasatmosphäre durchgeführt werden als bei der Verwendung von Titan oder Zirkonium. Legierungen mit einem niedrigeren Tantal- oder Niobgehalt als 1% ergeben eine ungenügende Benetzung der Diamantoberfläche. Im allgemeinen ist ein Tantalgehalt von mehr als 25 % nicht erwünscht, da solche Legierungen einen zu hohen Schmelzpunkt haben, nämlich über 1500° C, oder zu spröde sind. Besonders günstige Ergebnisse werden -mit einer an sich bekannten Legierung aus 5 bis 10 1/o Tantal, Rest Gold als Lot erhalten. Ein solches Lot fließt sehr schön auf der DiamantoberfIäche aus'und hat einen Schmelzpunkt von etwa 1100 bis 1300° C.Since the alloys to be used according to the invention are less light react, the melting in a less good vacuum, z. B. from 10-g mm Hg; or in a less pure noble gas atmosphere than in the Use of titanium or zirconium. Alloys with a lower Tantalum or niobium content than 1% results in insufficient wetting of the diamond surface. In general, a tantalum content of more than 25% is not desirable because such Alloys have too high a melting point, namely over 1500 ° C, or too brittle are. Particularly favorable results are achieved with an alloy known per se from 5 to 10 1 / o tantalum, the remainder gold obtained as solder. Such a solder flows a lot looks beautiful on the diamond surface and has a melting point of around 1100 to 1300 ° C.
Bei Verwendungen von Niob wird mit einer an sich bekannten Legierung gelötet, die mit Rücksicht auf die zunehmende Sprödigkeit einen Gehalt an Niob von nicht mehr als 10%, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 5 % enthält.When using niobium, an alloy known per se is used soldered, with a niobium content of contains no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5%.
Mit Hilfe: der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Negierungen -aus Gold mit Tantal und/oder Niob kann Diamant mit den verschiedenartigsten Werkstoffen, ungeachtet ihrer Ausdehnungskoeffizienten, verlötet werden. Es kommen z. B. Quarz, Siliciumkarbid, Keramik und Metalle, wie Molybdän, Wolfram und Nickel, in Frage.With the help of: the gold negations to be used according to the invention with tantalum and / or niobium, diamond can be made from a wide variety of materials, regardless of their expansion coefficient, be soldered. There come z. B. Quartz, Silicon carbide, ceramics and metals such as molybdenum, tungsten and nickel.
Der Umstand, daß in allen diesen Fällen- eine gut haftende Verbindung erhalten wird, die wenig oder nicht empfindlich für erhebliche Temperaturänderungen ist, wie sie z. B. bereits durch die Abkühlung bei der Herstellung der VeYbindung'äuftreten, hängt vielleicht mit der Duktilität :der betreffenden erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Legierungen zusammen.The fact that in all of these cases there is a well-adhering connection is obtained that is little or not sensitive to significant temperature changes is how she z. B. already occur due to the cooling during the production of the connection, perhaps depends on the ductility: the subject to be used according to the invention Alloys together.
Diese Eigenschaft ergibt noch den weiteren; Vorteil, tlaß die Legierungen sich leicht in die Form von Folie oder Draht bringen,lassen, was bei ihrer Verarlieitung nützlich ist.This property gives yet another; Advantage, leave the alloys can easily be brought into the form of foil or wire, what can be done with their processing is useful.
Eine Abwandlung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß die ",an sich bekannte Goldlegierung. -als $chiuht auf Alen Diamanten aufgeschmolzen und der so beschichtete Diamant unmittelbar danach mit Hilfe eines,.Lotes mit dem anderen Werkstoff verlötet wird. Beispiel .1 '- -Bei dar Herstellung einer Abtastnadel wird wie folgt verfahren: - Ein kleiner Diamant wird entfettet und mit Hilfe einer Spiralfeder aus Mölybdändraht an einem Ende eines Molybdänstabs festgeklemmt. Dann wird dieses Ende im Vakuum oder in einer Argonatmosphäre etwa -1 Sekunde läng in eine geschmolzene. Legierung aus 97 % Gold und 3 0/a Tantal bei einer Temperatur von etwa 1300° C eingetaucht. Die Legierung fließt dabei gut auf dem Diamanten und auf dem Molybdän aus. Anschließend wird der sehr mnig mit dem Molybdän verbundene Diamant geschliffen.A modification of the method according to the invention is that the ", per se known gold alloy. -as $ chiuht melted on Alen diamonds and the diamond coated in this way immediately afterwards with the help of a, .Solder with the other material is soldered. Example .1 '- In the manufacture of a stylus proceed as follows: - A small diamond is degreased and with the help of a Mölybden wire coil spring clamped to one end of a molybdenum rod. then length this end for about -1 second in a vacuum or in an argon atmosphere a melted one. Alloy of 97% gold and 3 0 / a tantalum at one temperature immersed at about 1300 ° C. The alloy flows well on the diamond and on the molybdenum. Then it is very little connected with the molybdenum Cut diamond.
Ein ähnliches Ergebnis wird bei Anwendung einer Legierung aus 97 0/0 Gold mit 3 % Niob erzielt. Beispiel 2 Ein Meißel wird dadurch hergestellt, daß eine Diamantplatte mit einer Oberfläche von etwa 1/4 cm2 mittels einer Legierung aus 95 % Gold und 5 % Tantal auf einer glatt bearbeiteten Seitenfläche eines stabförmigen Molybdänhalters befestigt wird. Die Legierung wird in Form von Folie mit einer Stärke von etwa 150 #L angewendet.A similar result is obtained when using an alloy of 97 0/0 Gold obtained with 3% niobium. Example 2 A chisel is made by having a Diamond plate with a surface of about 1/4 cm2 by means of an alloy 95% gold and 5% tantalum on a smoothly machined side surface of a rod-shaped Molybdenum holder is attached. The alloy comes in the form of foil with a thickness of about 150 #L applied.
Ein Teil dieser Folie, etwas größer als die Oberfläche des Diamanten, wird auf das Molybdän gelegt und der Diamant darauf derart aufgesetzt, daß er teilweise aus dem Halter herausragt. .Dann wird, während der Diamant mittels eines Stiftes aus keramischem Material auf der Basis von Aluminiumoxyd in dieser Lage auf dem Halter angedrückt wird, mit Hilfe .eines induktiven Hochfrequenzgenerators im Vakuum auf etwa 1400° C erhitzt.Part of this foil, slightly larger than the surface of the diamond, is placed on the molybdenum and the diamond is placed on it in such a way that it is partially protrudes from the holder. .Then while the diamond is by means of a pen made of ceramic material based on aluminum oxide in this position on the Holder is pressed on, with the help of an inductive high-frequency generator in a vacuum heated to about 1400 ° C.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1259681X | 1961-08-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1259681B true DE1259681B (en) | 1968-01-25 |
Family
ID=19872735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEN22007A Withdrawn DE1259681B (en) | 1961-08-29 | 1962-08-25 | Method of joining a diamond to metal or other materials by soldering |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1259681B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL268735A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0244947A1 (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1987-11-11 | De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited | Brazing process |
| DE3635369A1 (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1988-04-28 | Degussa | METHOD FOR COATING SURFACES WITH HARD MATERIALS |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1105067B (en) * | 1958-08-27 | 1961-04-20 | Philips Nv | Silicon carbide semiconductor device and process for making the same |
-
0
- NL NL268735D patent/NL268735A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-08-25 DE DEN22007A patent/DE1259681B/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1105067B (en) * | 1958-08-27 | 1961-04-20 | Philips Nv | Silicon carbide semiconductor device and process for making the same |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0244947A1 (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1987-11-11 | De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited | Brazing process |
| US4880154A (en) * | 1986-04-03 | 1989-11-14 | Klaus Tank | Brazing |
| DE3635369A1 (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1988-04-28 | Degussa | METHOD FOR COATING SURFACES WITH HARD MATERIALS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL268735A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
| EHJ | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |