DE1259284B - Finishing of textiles with polyamide dispersions - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

D 06 m

German class: 8 k- 1/10

Number: 1259 284

File number: B 82205IV c / 8 k

Filing date: June 1, 1965

Opening day: January 25, 1968

It is known that aqueous polyamide dispersions containing protective colloids can be used for finishing textiles to use. For example, dispersions have been described for this purpose which are called polyamides those containing dicarboxylic acids with aliphatic side chains containing at least 6 carbon atoms have condensed, and copolymers of methacrylamide, vinylpyrrolidone and protective colloids optionally contain N-vinylimidazole. Such dispersions produce very good effects per se, but they have the disadvantage that the coatings obtained from them have a very low moisture absorption capacity to have. The impregnated textile material therefore does not soften sufficiently in water; while washing it retains stiff edges, which can easily lead to damage to the goods.

On the other hand, if one tries to increase the water absorption capacity of such finishing agents, so this at the same time generally reduces their resistance to washing. It is not yet with be ao Satisfactory success has been achieved in providing textile finishes with polyamide dispersions containing protective colloids which have the opposing properties of good water absorption capacity and high wash resistance unite to the desired extent.

It has now been found that you can avoid the difficulties mentioned if you to Finishing of textile goods such aqueous polyamide dispersions containing protective colloids are used, as polyamides mixed condensates

25 to 40 percent by weight of one or more lactams with 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the Lactam ring or corresponding ω-aminocarboxylic acids,

25 to 40 percent by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylenediamine and unbranched Dicarboxylic acids with 6 to 12 carbon atoms,

25 to 40 percent by weight of one or more salts of 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane and unbranched dicarboxylic acids with 6 to 12 carbon atoms and 0 to 10 percent by weight of other polyamide formers

and as protective colloids, water-soluble Mischpolymeri- ⁴ ^ sate having K values of at least 90 from

Refining of textile goods with
Polyamide dispersions

10 to 35 percent by weight acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid,

57.5 to 90 percent by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylic acid amide and 5 to 40 percent by weight, in relation to the registrants:

Aniline & Soda Factory in Baden

Aktiengesellschaft, 6700 Ludwigshafen

Named as inventor:

Dr. Hans Wilhelm, 6700 Ludwigshafen;

Dr. Heinz BiHe, 6703 Limburgerhof;

Ernst Wilhelm Hann,

Dr. Karl Dachs, 6700 Ludwigshafen

totality of monomers, consisting of methacrylic acid amide, and

0 to 7.5 percent by weight of other monomers

contain.

As lactams or "amino carboxylic acids with 6 to 12 carbon atoms come, for. B. caprolactam, oenanthlactam, capryllactam, caprine lactam, laurolactam, the associated ω-amine carboxylic acids and ω-aminoundecanoic acid into consideration. Unbranched Dicarboxylic acids with 6 to 12 carbon atoms are adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, Sebacic acid, undecanedicarboxylic acid and dodecanedicarboxylic acid.

In addition to these polyamide building blocks, which must be contained in the polyamides used according to the invention within the specified ranges, up to 10 percent by weight, based on the total polyamide, of other polyamide formers can be contained. Such are z. B. dicarboxylic acids, ω- aminocarboxylic acids or diamines, which are branched or contain a heteroatom in the chain, and carbon-substituted lactams.

The copolymers used as protective colloids can contain, in addition to the aforementioned monomers, up to 7.5% ^of other polymerizable monomers, based on the total weight of all monomers used. Such are z. B. other unsaturated carboxylic acids such as α-chloroacrylic acid, phenylacrylic acid and crotonic acid, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid and mesaconic acid, vinylsulfonic acid and their derivatives, such as anhydrides, salts and esters, the esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, also water-soluble compounds, such as Vinylaceta-

709 720/485

mid, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide and vinyl lactams. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005 to 1%, based on based on the weight of all monomers, copolymerizable monomers bearing N-methylol groups, such as N-methylol methacrylic acid amide, N-methylol acrylic acid amide or derivatives of urea, melamine, containing N-methylol groups and polymerizable groups, Dicyandiamide and guanidines.

The K values of the copolymers used as protective colloids are expediently between 90 and 170, copolymers with K values between 125 and 155 are particularly suitable.

The production of the polyamides and the protective cooids takes place according to methods known per se. The dispersions to be used according to the invention have been produced according to patent application B 81-368 IVc / 39b (German Auslegeschrift 1 242 858). For the production of the polyamides, protective colloids and dispersions is within the scope of the present invention no protection sought.

The polyamide dispersions of the type explained above can be used for numerous finishing processes for textiles, in particular for covering fibers and threads, for finishing, coating, laminating and gluing flat textiles and for binding nonwovens. Depending on the particular application, the dispersions may contain additional ingredients, e.g. B. organic solvents, dispersions of polyolefins or polyacrylates or other plastic dispersions or solutions, water repellants, aminoplast-forming substances, dyes, pigments and emulsion thickeners. B. by dipping, spraying ,. Pouring or spreading, applied to the goods to be refined. The thus treated material is preferably heated and dried to at least 100 ⁰ C, 100 to 15O ⁰ C. In this way, finishing effects are obtained that are unusually resistant to wear and tear and are extremely water-resistant.

However, this water resistance is not due to an insufficient water absorption capacity and the resulting related disadvantages of the type explained above.

The parts and percentages given in the examples are weight units.

For example

A dispersion prepared according to Example 1 of patent application B 81 368 rVc / 39b (German Auslegeschrift 1242 858), which contains about 40% of a polyamide from equal parts of caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine adipic acid salt and 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane adipic acid salt and as about 0.5% protective colloid comprises a copolymer having a K value of 125 of 22 parts acrylic acid, 60 parts acrylamide and 18 parts of methacrylamide, is / ₀ diluted by stirring butanol to a polyamide content of 20 to 25 °.

800 parts of water are added to 200 parts of this dispersion. A shrink-proof cotton fabric is padded with this diluted dispersion, the liquor pick-up being approximately 60%. The fabric is dried at 90 to 100 ^° C. to a residual moisture content of 7% and then heated ^{to 130 ° C. for 5 minutes.} A fabric is obtained with a wash-resistant stiffness effect such that the fabric becomes soft in the wash and, after drying, regains its old stiffness.

Example 2

A dispersion prepared according to Example 1, paragraph 1, is applied to a shrink-proof cotton fabric by means of an air knife so that the dry application is about 10% of the weight of the fabric. A second fabric web is placed on the still wet coating and so doubled-material on a steel calender, the rolls of which are heated to 100 ⁰ C, pressed.

After heating the treated fabric material one has won a laminated goods _r in stiffness and adhesion by high washing resistance. If, on the other hand, the same measures are carried out with a polyamide dispersion obtained by emulsifying a polyamide from 20 percent by weight of adipic acid hexamethylenediamine, 20 percent by weight of caprolactam, 20 percent by weight of capryllactam and 40 percent by weight of a mixture of equal parts of salts of 1,9-octylnonanedicarboxylic acid and 1 -Nonyloctanedicarboxylic acid-1,8 with 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane using a copolymer of 70 parts by weight of vinylpyrrolidone and 30 parts by weight of methacrylic acid amide, detachments are obtained after the third wash at the latest, as the material laminated in this way is not sufficiently soft and pliable in the wash baths will.

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Use of aqueous polyamide dispersions containing protective colloids, which are used as polyamides Mixed condensates 25 to 40 percent by weight of one or more lactams having 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or corresponding ω-aminocarboxylic acids, 25 to 40 percent by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylenediamine and unbranched Dicarboxylic acids with 6 to 12 carbon atoms, 25 to 40 percent by weight of one or more salts of 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane and unbranched dicarboxylic acids with 6 to 12 carbon atoms and
0 to 10 percent by weight of other polyamide formers and water-soluble copolymers with K values of at least 90 as protective colloids 10 to 35 percent by weight acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, 57.5 to 90 percent by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylic acid amide and 5 to 40 percent by weight, based on the totality of the monomers, of methacrylic acid amide, and
0 to 7.5 percent by weight of other monomers included, for the finishing of textile goods. 2. Use of such aqueous polyamide dispersions according to Claim 1, their protective colloids 0.005 to 1 percent by weight copolymerizable, Contain polymerized monomers bearing N-methylol groups. 709 720/485 1.68 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin