DE1258446B - Fully keyboard controlled, self-acting Morse code transmitter - Google Patents

Description

Fully keyboard-controlled, automatic Morse code transmitter around a Morse code transmitter It is well known to use either a manually operated Morse code key or a so-called machine encoder, which, for example, was previously in Morse or Wheatstone writing punched tape is controlled.

The former method requires and has well trained radio personnel the disadvantage that the maximum speed is less than 150 letters per minute and every radio operator has his own "handwriting"; the latter requires a big one outlay in terms of apparatus and has the disadvantage that no so-called company traffic can be processed (with interruptions, queries, etc.).

If, on the other hand, one of the known ways of avoiding these disadvantages automatic Morse code transmitter with full keyboard is operated by one person, who has no Morse knowledge, the remote station must be in telephony (radiotelephone) answers. However, this is usually easily possible because. often located where the Morse code generator is to be used, only a relatively small one Transmitter and a non-radio operator, e.g. B. on smaller ships, aircraft, etc., while the remote station has strong transmitters and trained radio personnel, e.g. Am Land radio stations, radio centers, etc., which also use radiotelephony greater distances can safely bridge.

Owners of weak radio stations can also use the Morse signal generator the advantages of Morse code telegraphy - large coverage with "written", more accurate to the letter Transmission and encryption option - use without being a radio operator yourself. Even in the event of a sudden failure of a radio operator (e.g. illness), any other non-radio operator can »Scan through« important messages.

So that the Morse code z. B. typewriting skills of the user is mostly the Morse code generator in his Adjustable speed. This regulation can take place continuously, to z. B. slowly increasing typewriter or Morse knowledge as well as by switching from a slow tempo to a prepared one faster.

This possibility also opens up the advantages of the Fast Morse Code. Because with the usual typewriter speed of 300 or even 400 keystrokes per minute you can send a telegram in a quarter up to give one twelfth of the time otherwise required after the traffic recording previously at a slow pace of e.g. B. 80 letters per minute and a Telegram has been announced at high speed. Must be on the receiving end Then, of course, the usual recording devices for high-speed Morse code are available be.

If you "make a mistake" when using the keyboard, you can by the usual erroneous sign (eight points) for radio communications, for one of its own Button is provided, the error can be corrected.

Of course, the aforementioned advantages have numerous known ones fully keyboard-controlled automatic Morse code generator with adjustable speed already built in, but are very complex.

Morse code generators known so far usually use one electromechanical arrangement. So is z. B. by the German Auslegeschrift 1064 095 a fully keyboard-controlled Morse code generator known to be sent out by everyone Morse code each a signal profile arrangement designed as a cam disk with a Morse contact and one letter relay each that can be switched on by a button contact is assigned, which for the duration of the respective transmission time of the relevant Morse code a coupling of the peripheral speed corresponding to the signal profile arrangement causes the cam to be rotated with a common drive and one for itself Self-holding circuit prepared, which again at the end of the transmission time of the Morse code is separated by a on reaching the zero position of the cam disk in its rest position returning cam contact spring set, possibly at the same time a display element and a locking magnet which releases a release lock again turns on again.

Furthermore, by the patent specification 20 827 of the office for invention and patent system in the Soviet zone of occupation of Germany an automatic one Morse signal generator known, in which an electronically controlled push button relay by three electronic Counting chains are operated, the first of which corresponds to the largest possible number of Elements (dots and / or dashes) of most Morse code six toggle levels has, of which the number of elements of the Morse code to be sent corresponding step closed by a depending on the relevant Morse code Starting circuit is started, while further depending on the to be sent out Morse code activated line contacts at the output of each stage determine whether a line or a point should be sent.

The counting chain consisting of these levels is incremented under the influence of a pulse generator, the incremental pulses with a pulse repetition frequency which is the same as that of the Morse code elements. These incremental pulses switch the second and third counting chain that leads to the output of the just flipped Stage is switched on by the line contact, and thus either a point with a subsequent pause or a line with a subsequent pause from the Duration of a point element to the push button relay and then the first counting chain advances one level. After running through the Morse code, the will flip Final stage, which thereby calls up the next Morse code to be sent.

In this known arrangement, the pauses between the individual Elements (bars and / or dots) within a Morse code exactly to the Measure the duration of a point element, those between the individual letters but not further defined. In addition, the Morse code generator does not have a full keyboard on, - but is z. B. punched by one in the International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 Punched tape controlled, the binary code of which is only in a relay contact network in those necessary to control the electronic Morse code generator described above Start and dash characters are implemented.

The British patent 803 695 is an automatic SOS distress call transmitter known, which, similar to the so-called "bug" known electronic morse keys, an electronic point transmitter and a bar transmitter, which alternate automatically, switched on to a transmitter, this according to the SOS program (three points, three lines, three dots).

According to the German Auslegeschrift 1057 661, other individual constantly recurring Morse code, such as B. the Morse-S or -T, electronically can be generated with the help of flip-flops connected in series by their Outputs accordingly to the Morse code outputs via a network of coincidence gates are switched. However, apart from the comparatively large effort for only two Morse code letters, the T - like the pause after it - is only twice as long one point instead of three times as required.

From the German Auslegeschrift 1066 229 it is also known z. B. a whole test text for teletypewriters in a binary code with constant Generate number of current steps electronically with the help of binary counting chains.

Also in the Auslegeschrift 1088 558 (addition to the German Auslegeschrift 1057 661) describes a circuit arrangement for generating recurring Impulse groups, in particular for electronic paging and signaling machines, using a first multivibrator and at least one further controlled by this Multivibrators, in which the outputs of the multivibrators to the inputs at least a coincidence circuit, the output or outputs of which are connected to a or one output each serving for the delivery of pulse groups are switched and at which is the duty cycle and the frequency ratio of each controlled Multivibrators are chosen so that from the. supplied by the first multivibrator Impulses the desired impulse groups can be hidden. With the help of such a Establishment can be that of a call and signal machine for telecommunications switching systems to be delivered call and signal signs are generated. For this purpose the coincidence circuits influenced in a very specific way by the multivibrators.

With these known arrangements, however, it is not possible to create any Send out texts converted into Morse code. On the other hand, they are already fully keyboard-controlled Morse code generator known, the one trained only on the typewriter Allow people to send Morse code.

So is in the magazine "British Communications and Electronics", 1960, No. 4, p. 304, such a fully keyboard-controlled automatic Morse code generator mentioned, which in the magazine "QST -amateur radio", May 1961, pp. 11 to 15, is described in detail. This uses a toroidal shift register and samples (in contrast to the other Morse code generators mentioned) not dots or dashes, but - via a closed-circuit relay - the pauses between the dots and / or lines of the respective Morse code.

This Morse code generator is interference-free, has a long service life, a compact structure and generates the complete Morse code when typing the letter keys are very precise, but he can make the pauses between the letters or two groups (words) are not automatically measured for the prescribed duration, so that "listening in" is necessary. So you need to have a certain knowledge of Morse if the program should run reasonably smoothly. But this requirement is synonymous with lower Morse code transmission speed, whereby estimating the Breaks are individually different, i.e. imprecise.

It is according to the patent specification 20 827 of the Office for Invention and Patent system in the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany is already fully keyboard-controlled automatic Morse code transmitter with adjustable transmission speed with an electronic one Known counter that depends on the number of Morse code to be sent in each case The included Morse Code points and Morse Code lines are started from a corresponding level and that to control the generation of the Morse code under the influence of a Pulse with Morse code repetition frequency delivering clock - the one when tilting everyone Level of the counter to the push button relay actuating voltage - level for Stage can be switched alternately to the final stage, which is not before the end a pause of the duration of a Morse code after the end of the last element of the completely generated Morse code is tilted under the influence of the clock will, and thereby the Morse signal generator to send the next one Morse code releases.

Compared to the aforementioned prior art, the invention is the Task is based on the incomparably cheaper production due to a simpler structure of a Morse code generator and thus a much larger group of users to tap into.

It also aims to make the whole device through the use of semiconductors to keep them small and to make them insensitive to vibrations.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that on the one hand for sending Morse code points - each with a pause between them from the Duration of a Morse code - a multivibrator sends its output voltage directly to a Can get push-button relay and on the other hand a morse line by filling the gap is generated between two Morse code points in such a way that an additional actuation or holding voltage from the output of the respective tipped level of the counter one closed in preparation according to the timing of the Morse code to be sent out Line contact is fed.

This results in the following advantages: The multivibrator is used not only as a time-determining link for the telegraph speed, but acts directly as a Morse code generator, guaranteed by its symmetrical structure is that the length of the Morse code as well as the pause between every two Morse code points are the same length. Furthermore, by the method of the formation of Morse code by filling of the space between two Morse dots the prescribed dot-dash ratio of 1: 3 is achieved, regardless of the multivibrator frequency.

This achieves the advantages of the other arrangements listed without having to accept their disadvantages. In addition, the Morse code generator according to the invention is able to keep the pause between the Morse code letters (or characters) as well as the pause between two words (groups) via a special space key, in that the counting chain continues to count three or five multivibrator units, in which time the push button relay remains blocked. Number of number number of to Morse code point number of the one to be operated elements strokes starting stages step E ....... 1 - 10 1 I ........ 3 - 9 2 T ....... 3 1 9 2 S ........ 5 - 8 3 N ....... 5 1 8 3 A ....... 5 1 8 3 H ....... 7 - 7 4 D ....... 7 1 7 4 R ....... 7 1 7 4 U ....... 7 1 7 4 M ....... 7 2 7 4 5 ........ 9 - 6 5 B ....... 9 1 6 5 V ....... 9 1 6 5 L ....... 9 1 6 5 F ....... 9 1 6 5 Number of number number of to number of to Morse code dot dashes starting pressing elements stage stages G ........ 9 2- 6 5 W ....... 9 2 6 5 K ....... 9 2 6 5 4 ......... 11 1 5 6 6 ........ 11 1 5 6 Wait! . 11 1 5 6 C ....... 11 2 5 6 P ....... 11 2 5 6 X ....... 11 2 5 6 Z ....... 11 2 5 6 O ....... 11 3 5 6 End ..... 13 2 4 7 3 ......... 13 2 4 7 8 ........ 13 2 4 7 13 2 4 7 / ........ 13 2 4 7 Q ....... 13 3 4 7 J ......... 13 3 4 7 Error ... 15 - 3 8 ? ....... 15 2 3 8 End .... 15 2 3 8 Beginning .. 15 3 3 8 2 ........ 15 3 3 8 8 ........ 15 3 3 8 Point ... 17 3 2 9 1 ......... 17 4 2 9 9 ......... 17 4 2 9 Interrupt .. 19 3 1 10 Comma. 19 4 1 10 Zero ...... 19 5 1 10 Note: The following characters listed above consist of two Morse code letters each, but without any spacing between the letters: "Wait!" From the letters E and B.

"End" (of a saying) from the letters A and R. "Errung" from the Letters H and H.

"End" (of the program) from the letters S and K. "Beginning" (one Spruches) from the letters K and A. "Interrupt" from the letters B and K.

The invention is now based on FIG. 1 and 2 explained in more detail.

F i g. 1 shows a Morse signal generator according to the invention with a Clock MV, an electronic device consisting of thirteen bistable flip-flop stages Counter Z and a transistor-controlled push button relay TR.

F i g. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention. The mode of action is as follows: When the counter Z is in the idle state ready to send, the last one is the only one Stage Z 13, designated as the final stage, tilts and locks (e.g. by lowering the voltage a line "On") the clock MV. As soon as a letter key is pressed, starts, d. H. tilts the corresponding one of the levels Z 1 to Z 10 of the counter whose Final stage Z 13 is thus tilted back. This also becomes the clock MV released so that it works both on the push button relay TR and the counter Z advances alternately from level to level.

The push button relay closes and opens according to the clock pulses at the output of the clock and thus sends Morse code with a pause between, which always has the duration of a Morse point.

In the same cycle, the clock pulses are converted to all stages of the counter Z common incremental control line and effect with each clock pulse jumping on the tilted step; until the final stage Z 13 returns to the in F i g. 2 tilts the state shown; whereby the clock MV is blocked again and a mechanical one, as is commonly used with electric typewriters Blocking of the other letter keys, which prevents them from being pressed too early, is canceled again (key unlock). Advantageously, it causes tilting the final stage Z13 also an indication that the complete Morse code including is sent out after a pause.

However, when it is reached, i.e. already when tilting, the eleventh level Z11 the supply of the clock pulses to the push button relay is prevented, so that there are no Morse code points sends out more (key suppression). The next clock pulse flips because the next one Stage Z12 is normally not switched into the counter, but bypassed that Switching stage Z 13.

Thus, the last element of the transmitted Morse code is forced to follow a pause until the ready-to-send state is restored. It depends on the penultimate level Z12 z. B. effective by pressing a word spacing key Zr is switched into the counter or not, this pause lasts either as long as five Morse code elements or only as long as three Morse code elements.

With the Morse code generator described above, Morse code, which contain Morse code are generated and transmitted only by the fact that according to the invention to form a Morse line instead of two Morse points in a Morse code the push button relay TR in the pause between these from the clock MV preferably directly supplied Morse code pulses also an actuation or holding voltage from Output of the respective tilted level of the counter Z from a corresponding to the Timing of the Morse code to be sent out preparatory closed line contact is fed.

Depending on whether the Morse code to be sent is only a Morse code or two, three, four or even five Morse code lines must be used when actuating the corresponding number of line contacts are closed for the relevant letter key, while for the Morse code without Morse code there is only one start contact, however no line contact at all is required.

Of course, these bar contacts do not have to be mechanical Contacts arranged in a corresponding number at the relevant letter keys rather it is possible, even with "Morse code" with more than just one line get by with a single stroke contact of the relevant letter key, if of this a corresponding two, three, four or five-fold diode group leads to the outputs of the stages to be tapped; whereby per Morse code each a diode is needed; to prevent a reaction between the stages. - Such diode networks are per se for numerous applications in telecommunications known, e.g. B. in code converters, jumper wiring, identification devices, Zoning, etc. Which of the diode groups comes into action is determined by the each time the letter key is pressed, the line contact is determined.

If desired, in Morse code with one or more Morse code with just a short tap of the letter key for the entire duration of the Morse code to maintain the "line program" required for this it is advisable to provide nine line relays St2 to St10 (Fig. 2), when you tap a letter key in one of the required »line programs« corresponding combination (e.g. St2, St4, St6, St8 and St10 for the digit zero) can be actuated via a corresponding group of diodes from the start contact and independently kept actuated from its opening until the end of the Morse code to be sent stay, so fall off when tilting the eleventh step Z11.

Each of these bar relay is therefore with a single level of the counter, thus permanently assigned to a single other position in the Morse code and switches with its stick contact a connection from the output of its stage to the transistor of the push button relay.

Instead of the bar relay, other storage elements can of course also be used can be used, e.g. B. bistable flip-flop stages or four-layer diodes, so that there is no need for a mechanical part that is subject to wear and tear. the In contrast to devices with vacuum tubes, the service life of these semiconductors is well known practically unlimited.

- In addition to the low power requirement (two flashlight batteries are sufficient) a compact design with a small overall volume is also possible, especially with the application of the known technology of printed circuits, with the whole Device can be potted with synthetic resin. So is the case with respect to shake resistance reached an optimum.

- Although the contacts of the letter keys as simple working contacts bad or creeping contact has no effect on the exact works of the Morse code generator since the flip-flop stages of the counter only allow two switching states.

Claims (6)

Claims: 1. Full keyboard controlled, automatic Morse code transmitter with adjustable transmission speed with an electronic counter that depends on on the number of Morse points contained in the Morse code to be sent and Morse code is started from a corresponding level and the -zur Control of the generation of the Morse code under the influence of a pulse with a Morse code rate delivering clock - the one when tilting each step of the counter to the pushbutton relay Actuating voltage can reach level by level alternately up to the final level can be incremented, which is not before the end of a pause of the duration of a Morse code after the end of the last element of the completely generated Morse code below the influence of the clock is tilted, and thereby the Morse code generator for transmission of the next Morse code enables that that to send out a morse line instead of two morse points in one Morse code to the touch relay (TR) in the break between these dated Clock generator (MV) preferably directly supplied Morse pulses in addition one Actuation or holding voltage from the output of the respective tipped level of the counter (Z) from a preparatory step according to the timing of the Morse code to be sent out closed line contact is supplied. 2. Morse code generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the Morse code is counted by a flip-flop counting chain he follows. 3. Morse code generator according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that after finishing the Morse code one or two more steps to pause the time in which the push button relay is prevented from working can be counted. 4. Morse code generator according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the final stage of the counting chain locks the clock. 5. Morse code generator according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that the final stage of the counting chain unlocks the input keyboard. 6. Morse code generator according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that one or several of the last counting levels trigger a visual display that is unfamiliar to the Morse indicates the end of the Morse code. Publications considered: German Auslegeschriften Nos. 1057 661, 1064 095, 1088 558; Patent Specifications No. 20,827,19104 of the Office for Inventions and Patents in the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany; "British Communications and Electronics", 1960, No. 4, p. 304, right column; »QST amateur radio «, May 1961, issue 5, pp. 11 to 15.