DE1253234B - Device for direct current extraction of soluble components from solids - Google Patents

Description

Device for direct current extraction of soluble components Solids For the economical implementation of technical operations like them extracting, dissolving, drying, etc. is a continuous way of working expedient. For this purpose devices are known in which after the same or Countercurrent principle, the solids are brought into contact with the liquids, such as screen shovels, conveyor belts, rotating grids and the like.

All of these devices have the disadvantage that they are very many have moving parts that significantly increase the susceptibility of the equipment to failure.

In addition, these devices are very complicated to manufacture and are therefore very expensive.

It is also known to combine solids with gases or liquids to be treated according to the so-called fluidized bed process. Here are solid particles whirled up by a gas or liquid stream and then in corresponding Devices deposited. Here is the required amount of gas or liquid depending on the product and the dimensions of the container. It is only in proportion can be varied within narrow limits.

It is also known. Extractions in U-shaped tubes, the legs of which have different diameters to perform. These devices work partly according to the co-current, partly according to the counter-current principle. However, they have the disadvantage that blockages by the solids to be extracted can occur or that the flow rate for the solvent is limited.

It has now been found that these disadvantages can be avoided if a device is used for the cocurrent extraction of soluble components from solids used, which consists of a U-shaped tube, the legs of different sizes Have diameter and in the invention in the leg with the larger Diameter in front of its outlet end, a sieve or filter is arranged, the one having adjustable passage.

A vertical one is expediently used as a passage for the solids adjustable cone with a smooth surface is provided, which is inserted in an opening of the Sieve or filter is arranged.

The device according to the invention can be used for various operations operated in the most varied of ways. So it can be to the liquid resp. to fully utilize the gas, it will be advantageous to use the liquid and / or the gas to lead in the cycle. In this case, there is an accumulation of undesirable substances in the liquid or in the gas, their removal for the further execution of the process is required, then part of the through the apparatus can constantly flowing through liquid and / or the gas withdrawn and fresh Liquid or fresh gas must be replaced.

The arrangement according to the claimed method has compared to the Fluidized bed processes have the advantage of using smaller amounts of liquid or gas to be able to work, as there is only a transport against the direction of movement in the narrow leg of the resting system needs to take place, while the main amount of the product does not is moved.

Accordingly, given the container dimensions, there is an essential greater possibility of variation in the ratio of solid to liquid or

Solid to gas.

In the drawings the device according to the invention is for different Use cases shown. The dashed arrows indicate the solids route and the solid arrows indicate the path of the liquid or gas.

F i g. 1 shows an example arrangement for the case that the Solid is to be treated with a liquid, the liquid being im Cycle is conducted. 1a and ib are the two U-tube legs, 2 of the example provided with a sieve termination and 3, for example with an adjustable Cone closable passage for the solids. The apparatus is operated as follows: The solid to be treated is located in the U-tube shank, which is passed through the Sieve 2 and the passage device 3 is divided. A pump 4 creates liquid Sucked in from an intermediate container 5 and into the leg 1 via a line 6 a of the U-tube pressed. As it is a system of communicating Tubes are involved, the liquid flows through the one located in the leg la Solid as well as the sieve 2 and flows over the U-tube leg 1b and a separator 7 back into the intermediate container 5. Depending on the resistance of the solid layer in the U-tube leg 1 a, the liquid level in the leg 1 a is more or less higher than the outlet of the leg 1 b. If the passage device 3 on the sieve 2 is opened, solids trickle through the opening into the funnel-shaped constriction of the U-tube leg la and is due to the higher flow velocity in the U-tube leg 1 b conveyed with the liquid into the separator 7. From here the solid, after it has largely separated from the liquid, with known devices, such as wheels, bucket elevators, augers, etc., are removed. At the same time on Head of the U-tube leg la is supplied with new solids from a container 8, so that the whole Process runs continuously.

The cross section of the U-tube leg 1b depends on the operating conditions and can easily be determined by experiment. So must z. B. at constant Power of the pump 4 and thus constant flow rate through the U-Rohrschenkelii; The greater the difference in the specific, the narrower the U-tube leg Weight of solids and liquids is.

If the solid trickles badly or if it tends to form bridges, so it may be appropriate to use the passage device 3 as a screw conveyor, stirrer or the like to train. The adjustability of the passage device succeeds it is easy to set the residence time of the solids in the apparatus within wide limits vary.

Known devices can be used for the separator 7, such as sieves, suction filters, sieve cups and the like Separate the appropriately arranged sieve from the liquid and then through its conveying one's own gravity.

If the treatment is carried out with a gas instead of a liquid, that should also be circulated, the same operating scheme applies, only that instead of the pump 4 there is a fan or a compressor and the separator 7 is replaced by a cyclone.

In the event that the liquid or gas is continuously withdrawn and should be replaced with fresh liquid or fresh gas this can be done anywhere on the device.

Most expediently, however, the supply is at the head of the U-tube limb la and the acceptance must be carried out on the intermediate b eh older than 5.

F i g. 2 shows an example arrangement for the treatment of solid substances with a liquid, the specific gravity of which is greater than that of the solid. In this case, the two U-tube legs are against each other exchanged, and sieve 2 and passage device 3 are in the upper part of the U-tube leg la, on which liquid and solids escape.

The liquid is converted from an intermediate container 5 by a pump 4 sucked in and pumped through a line 6 into the narrow U-tube leg 1 b.

The liquid comes out at the outlet of the line 6 with the one from a container 8 coming specifically lighter solid comes into contact and tears it to the bottom the high flow velocity prevailing in leg 1b in the wide U-tube leg 1 a. Here the solid is retained by the sieve 2, while the liquid flows through. When opening the passage device 3, the solid rises at the top and is conveyed to the separator 7 by the liquid flow. The liquid runs back to the pump 4 via the intermediate container 5. Otherwise apply mutatis mutandis the same statements as for F i g. 1 with the difference that this device can only be operated with liquid.

Of course, it is also possible to have several devices, such as they are shown in Fig. 1 and 2, for example, to be connected in series.

Here, the solids expediently move from stage to stage in countercurrent to the liquid or to the gas. Within the individual stages, but worked in direct current. Fresh gas or fresh liquid is preferred introduced at the point where the solid leaves the last stage, while the used gas or the used liquid is withdrawn at the first stage.

The devices can be used both at room temperature and at be operated at a higher or lower temperature. Here, heating or cooling units can be used can be attached at any point on the devices. Particularly suitable For this purpose, the intermediate container 5. Other apparatus for separating Liquids from gases or dissolved solids from liquids can be in an can be built into the circuit in a known manner.

In principle, you can also use a mixture of gas and liquid work, although the gas must be used in large excess.

The devices can be used, for example, for drying or extracting of plastics, oil fruits, ores etc. and for dissolving substances that are in lower Contain a lot of insolubles, find use.

Claims (2)

Claims: 1. Device for direct current extraction more soluble Components made of solids in a U-shaped tube, the legs of which are different have large diameters, d a d u r c h g e - indicates that in the leg arranged with the larger diameter in front of its outlet end, a sieve or filter is, which has an adjustable passage. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustable Passage is designed as a vertically adjustable cone with a smooth surface. Considered publications: German Patent Specifications No. 248 612, 636 892, 946 287; Swiss Patent No. 119 727; french Patent Nos. 1,176,525, 1232567.