DE1139C - Vertical wet air compressor - Google Patents

Description

1877.

Class 27.

H. RICHTER and TITTEL & PASCHKE in HOHENDORF near LICHTENSTEIN

BE or FREIBERG (Saxony).

Vertical wet air compressor.

Patented in the German Empire on November 4, 1877.

Air compressors, which are used in mining and tunnel construction, for pneumatic post service or for pushing of liquids, etc., are in use up to now, are divided into two classes:

1. in so-called "wet",

2. in dry compressors.

The wet compressors are mainly horizontal pumps - cylinders, in which pistons move, followed by water as they go back and forth; the water itself is moved up and down in vertical housings by the piston play, whereby one time a vacuum is created, as a result of which atmospheric air enters, the other time the sucked air is compressed.

However, the "dry" compressors suck through without the use of water the reciprocation of horizontally or vertically moving pistons, the air directly and also compress it directly.

The heat which develops during compression is in the former case directly from the water absorbed, the water is always kept cool by renewal, the air itself remains pure and in those cases where it is supposed to serve as the air of life, it is not available to the consumer Cause inconvenience. However, these wet compressors have the disadvantage of great power consumption and high acquisition costs.

The effort required to move the masses of water and pistons back and forth, combined with the piston friction, is a very high one, since furthermore the piston speed during application of water can only be a very moderate one, the dimensions of these wet compressors are such that the cost of acquisition become disproportionately high.

The dry compressors can be given high piston speeds, even through Water cooling of the cylinder walls from the outside prevent the heating as much as possible; you will but never achieve a high efficiency, since the external cooling is not so effective to to prevent a temperature increase in the cylinder, which is equivalent to lower Tightness of the air in the cylinder, or reduction of the usefulness.

The greater wear and tear on dry compressors, as a result of which it is inevitable Need for repair of the machine, its applicability for compression systems, which should not only be used temporarily.

Further misgivings arise when the compressed air is used as the air of life wants it to be contaminated with the products of the cylinder lubricating material.

The inventors have designed a compressor which has the advantages of both systems united, but excluded the disadvantages.

With reference to the accompanying drawing it can be seen that vertical cylinders are used which serve as water containers, cylindrical cattails, externally through stuffing boxes Lidert, dip in and out of the container without the water itself being substantially in To set movement.

These cylindrical bulrushes have the pressure valves a on their upper end, while the suction valves b are attached to a stationary suction pipe enclosed by them.

When the bulrushes move upwards, the atmospheric air is sucked in as it enters, completely cool, through the valves b into the increasingly widening space of the bulrush; When going down, the valves α open when the air is compressed to a higher pressure than the pressure above the valves, in this case the air to be compressed is located directly on the surface of the water; with the greatest compression, which takes place towards the end of the stroke, this direct contact between the air and the water will just as easily rule out any warming. As with the wet compressors described above, especially since a small portion of water is added with each piston clearance.

This compressor has the advantage over the well-known wet compressors:

1. the lower acquisition costs, which are roughly 2 to 3;

2. the lower power consumption, since the water remains almost still, therefore not

needs to be pushed back and forth; furthermore the force which is necessary to reduce the weight of the piston to lift, made usable again when going down;

3. Piston friction and wear are lower than with the horizontal machine.

Compared to the dry compressor, this construction is far more advantageous, than, in the first place, it gives a much higher beneficial effect; second, a cleaner air supplies which does not cause any respiratory problems; thirdly, that which is inevitable with dry machines rapid wear and tear and the need for repairs soon.

When coal industry, the feed makes more sensible life of air at the places of work, so is partly existence question for deep pits, since the output '/ ₃ to' / ₄ drops to the ordinary; if the miner has to work in bad weather at high temperatures, it is necessary in every respect not only to supply him with fresh, but also unspoiled air.

The compressors also have another purpose in mining; the compressed Air is used to operate engines, so it does a lot of work underground, such as steam and water power has to perform above ground; their importance in the service of industry is growing ever greater.

The whole arrangement of the machine appears from the drawing; a 60-horse steam engine serves as a motor.

■ j sy

1 sheet of drawings.