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DE1130827B - Method and device for the production of blade wheels - Google Patents

Method and device for the production of blade wheels

Info

Publication number
DE1130827B
DE1130827B DEF28317A DEF0028317A DE1130827B DE 1130827 B DE1130827 B DE 1130827B DE F28317 A DEF28317 A DE F28317A DE F0028317 A DEF0028317 A DE F0028317A DE 1130827 B DE1130827 B DE 1130827B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
blade
hub
roots
blade roots
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEF28317A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Lester I Webb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Ford Werke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Werke GmbH filed Critical Ford Werke GmbH
Publication of DE1130827B publication Critical patent/DE1130827B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/36—Making machine elements wheels; discs with blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/006—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making
    • Y10T29/49321—Assembling individual fluid flow interacting members, e.g., blades, vanes, buckets, on rotary support member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material
    • Y10T29/49812—Temporary protective coating, impregnation, or cast layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49895—Associating parts by use of aligning means [e.g., use of a drift pin or a "fixture"]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schaufelrädern Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Schaufelrädern, insbesondere für Turbinen oder Verdichter für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit formschlüssig starr in metallischer Nabe befestigten Schaufeln.Method and apparatus for making paddle wheels The invention relates to a method and a device for the production of paddle wheels, especially for turbines or compressors for motor vehicles, with form-fitting blades rigidly fixed in a metallic hub.

Üblich ist, die Schaufeln in eine Nut oder in Nuten, die in die Nabe gedreht ist bzw. gefräst sind, einzusetzen und darin durch ein Schaufelschloß bzw. Splinte oder sonstige Mittel zu verriegeln. Diese Bauarten erfordern viel Zerspanungsarbeit und sind daher teuer. Die Erfindung will sie vermeiden.It is common practice to place the blades in a groove or in grooves in the hub is rotated or milled, to be inserted and inserted into it by a shovel lock or To lock cotter pins or other means. These types of construction require a lot of machining work and are therefore expensive. The invention wants to avoid them.

Bekannt ist auch, die Nabe an die Schaufelfüße zu gießen, also mit den Schaufelfüßen durch Schmelzen, also stofflich zu verbinden. Dies ist freilich billig, zumal die Schaufelfüße hier nicht hinterschnitten zu sein brauchen; aber dabei müssen die Schaufelfüße, damit sie mit dem Nabenwerkstoff zuverlässig verschmelzen, vor dem Guß vorgeheizt werden, und das ist umständlich.It is also known to cast the hub onto the blade roots, i.e. with to connect the blade roots by melting, i.e. materially. Of course this is cheap, especially since the blade roots do not have to be undercut here; but the blade roots must, so that they fuse reliably with the hub material, must be preheated before casting, and that is cumbersome.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, die Nabe nicht an die Schaufelfüße anzugießen, sondern um die Schaufelfüße herumzupressen.The invention provides not to cast the hub onto the blade roots, but to press around the blade roots.

Bekannt sind Schaufelräder für kleine Gebläse, z. B. Staubsauger, mit einer um die Schaufelfüße herumgepreßten Nabe aus Kunstharz. Dieses ist jedoch für hohe Drehzahlen und Temperaturen, wie sie in Turbinen und Verdichtern üblich sind, ungeeignet. Stahl, der für Turbinenräder wohl allein mögliche Werkstoff, läßt sich nur bei hoher Temperatur und unter hohem Druck um die Schaufelräder herumpressen. Damit trotz diesen Druckes die Schaufeln während des Pressens ihre richtige Lage behalten und damit sie vom Nabenwerkstoff gut umflossen werden, sieht die Erfindung ein besonderes Verfahren und eine besondere Vorrichtung vor.Blade wheels for small fans, e.g. B. vacuum cleaner, with a synthetic resin hub pressed around the blade roots. This is however for high speeds and temperatures, as are common in turbines and compressors are unsuitable. Steel, which is probably the only possible material for turbine wheels only press around the paddle wheels at high temperatures and under high pressure. So that, despite this pressure, the blades are in their correct position during pressing keep and so that they are well flown around by the hub material, sees the invention proposed a special method and device.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besteht darin, daß zunächst die Schaufeln in bekannter Weise in einer Gießvorrichtung in ihrer Soll-Lage angeordnet werden, sodann in der Gießvorrichtung ein die Schaufeln zusammenhaltender, die Schaufelkanäle ausfüllender, aber die Schaufelfüße frei lassender Ring aus Metall oder Metallegierung niedrigen Schmelzpunktes gegossen wird, daraus ein schmiedbar erhitzter Nabenrohling in einer Schmiedeform in den aus der Gießform herausgenommenen Schaufelring eingelegt und der Rohling an und um die Schaufelfüße gepreßt wird und daß schließlich das Metall des Halterings aus dem Schaufelring herausgeschmolzen wird.The method according to the invention consists in that first the blades be arranged in a known manner in a casting device in their desired position, then in the casting device one holding the blades together, the blade channels Filling ring made of metal or metal alloy, but leaving the blade roots free low melting point is cast, a malleable, heated hub blank is made from it placed in a forging mold in the blade ring removed from the casting mold and the blank is pressed on and around the blade roots and that finally that Metal of the retaining ring is melted out of the blade ring.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schmiedeform für dieses Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Stirnseiten der Form im Radialbereich der Schaufelfüße im Umfangsbereich der einzelnen Schaufelfüße Ausnehmungen von Keilform mit gerundeten Kanten haben, so daß sie zwischen sich und den zugehörigen Schaufelfüßen Raum für einen Nabenwulst lassen, aber mittels der zwischen den Ausnehmungen verbliebenen Vorsprünge den Nabenwerkstoff zwischen die Schaufelräder drängen.The forging mold according to the invention for this process is distinguished characterized in that the end faces of the mold in the radial area of the blade roots in the circumferential area the individual blade roots have wedge-shaped recesses with rounded edges, so that there is space for a hub bead between itself and the associated blade roots leave, but the hub material by means of the projections remaining between the recesses push between the paddle wheels.

Die Radnabe aus einem Rohling ans Rad in einer Schmiedeform anzupressen, ist an sich bekannt von der Herstellung schmiedeeiserner Scheibenräder, z. B. für Eisenbahnwagen, wobei der schmiedbar erhitzte Nabenrohling an die vorgelochte Radscheibe angeschmiedet, nämlich um den Innenrand der Radscheibenbohrung herumgepreßt wird.Pressing the wheel hub from a blank onto the wheel in a forging mold, is known per se from the manufacture of wrought iron disc wheels, e.g. B. for Railway carriage, with the forgeable, heated hub blank on the pre-punched wheel disc forged on, namely pressed around the inner edge of the wheel disc bore.

Die Zeichnung zeigt in Abb. 1. eine einzelne Turbinenschaufel in Schrägansicht, Abb. 2 die Anordnung der Schaufeln in der Gießform, teilweise im Schnitt, Abb. 3 das Schaufelrad mit angepreßter Nabe, zum Teil geschnitten, in der Schmiedeform, Abb. 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie 4-4 von Fig. 3, Abb. 5 eine Teilansicht des Nabenwulstes.The drawing shows in Fig. 1 a single turbine blade in an oblique view, Fig. 2 the arrangement of the blades in the mold, partially in section, Fig. 3 the paddle wheel with pressed-on hub, partly cut, in the forge mold, Fig. 4 is a section along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a partial view of the Hub bead.

Die einzelne Turbinenschaufel besteht aus einem stromlinienförmigen Schaufelblatt 10 und einem Schaufelfuß 11 von Tannenbaumprofil mit einer oder mehreren Nuten 12. Statt des Tannenbaumprofils kann auch jede andere bekannte Ausbildung des Schaufelfußes gewählt werden.The single turbine blade consists of a streamlined one Blade 10 and a blade root 11 of a fir tree profile with one or more Grooves 12. Instead of the Christmas tree profile, any other known training of the blade root can be selected.

Die Schaufeln werden in einer Vorrichtung 13 zwischen einem Außenring 14 und einem Innenring oder einer Scheibe 20 derart angeordnet, daß sich die Kanten 16 der Schaufelfüße berühren und einen geschlossenen Ring 17 bilden. Die Kanten 16 wie auch die Fußteile 15 sind mit geringen Toleranzen bearbeitet, so daß sich ein genauer Zusammenbau der Schaufeln in ihrer endgültigen Lage ergibt. Die ganze Vorrichtung wird durch Halteleisten 18 zusammengehalten.The blades are in a device 13 between an outer ring 14 and an inner ring or disc 20 arranged such that the edges 16 of the blade roots touch and form a closed ring 17. The edges 16 as well as the foot parts 15 are machined with small tolerances, so that a accurate assembly of the blades in their final position results. The whole device is held together by retaining strips 18.

Die Schaufelkanäle zwischen dem Außenring 14 und dem Fußring 17 werden mit einem leicht schmelzbaren Metall ausgegossen. Nach dem Erstarren des Metalls befinden sich alle Schaufeln fest in ihrer endgültigen Stellung, und die Innenscheibe 20 kann entfernt werden.The vane channels between the outer ring 14 and the foot ring 17 are poured with an easily fusible metal. After the metal has solidified all blades are firmly in their final position, as is the inner disk 20 can be removed.

Der ausgegossene starre Schaufelkranz wird nunmehr mit dem Außenkranz 14 und einem zuvor auf Schmiedetemperatur erhitzten Nabenrohling in eine aus zwei Teilen 31 und 32 bestehende Schmiedeform gelegt und der Nabenrohling an die Schaufelfüße angeschmiedet. Im Bereich der einzelnen Schaufelfüße besitzt die Schmiedeform an ihren Stirnseiten Ausnehmungen 35 von Keilform mit abgerundeten Kanten, wodurch ein gutes Fließen des Materials zwischen die Schaufelfüße gewährleistet wird. Die Ausnehmungen 35 ragen nicht über den Fußring 17 hinaus, so daß beim Schmieden kein Metall in die Schaufelkanäle eindringen kann.The poured out rigid blade ring is now with the outer ring 14 and a hub blank previously heated to forging temperature into one of two Parts 31 and 32 placed existing forging mold and the hub blank to the blade roots forged on. In the area of the individual blade roots, the forged shape has their end faces recesses 35 of wedge shape with rounded edges, whereby a good flow of the material between the blade roots is guaranteed. the Recesses 35 do not protrude beyond the foot ring 17, so that no forging Metal can penetrate into the blade channels.

Nach Vollendung des Schmiedevorganges wird das Schaufelrad aus der Vorrichtung 13 herausgenommen und das leicht schmelzbare Metall aus den Schaufelkanälen herausgeschmolzen. Wenn erforderlich, kann auch der Nabenwulst 36 entfernt werden.After the forging process has been completed, the paddle wheel is removed from the Device 13 removed and the easily fusible metal from the blade channels melted out. If necessary, the hub bead 36 can also be removed.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schaufelrädern, insbesondere für Turbinen oder Verdichter für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit formschlüssig starr in metallischer Nabe befestigten Schaufeln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst die Schaufeln in bekannter Weise in einer Gießvorrichtung in ihrer Soll-Lage angeordnet werden, sodann in der Gießvorrichtung ein die Schaufeln zusammenhaltender, die Schaufelkanäle ausfüllender, aber die Schaufelfüße frei lassender Ring aus Metall oder Metallegierung niedrigen Schmelzpunktes gegossen wird, darauf ein schmiedbar erhitzter Nabenrohling in einer Schmiedeform in den aus der Gießform herausgenommenen Schaufelring eingelegt und der Rohling an und um die Schaufelfüße gepreßt wird und daß schließlich das Metall des Halterings aus dem Schaufelring herausgeschmolzen wird. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Process for the production of paddle wheels, especially for turbines or compressors for motor vehicles, with form-fitting blades rigidly fastened in a metallic hub, characterized in that initially the blades arranged in a known manner in a casting device in their desired position then in the casting device a holding the blades together, the blade channels Filling ring made of metal or metal alloy, but leaving the blade roots free low melting point is poured, then a malleable, heated hub blank placed in a forging mold in the blade ring removed from the casting mold and the blank is pressed on and around the blade roots and that finally that Metal of the retaining ring is melted out of the blade ring. 2. Schmiedeform für das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stirnseiten der Form im Radialbereich der Schaufelfüße im Umfangsbereich der einzelnen Schaufelfüße Ausnehmungen (35) von Keilform mit gerundeten Kanten haben, so daß sie zwischen sich und den zugehörigen Schaufelfüßen Raum für einen Nabenwulst (36) lassen, aber mittels der zwischen den Ausnehmungen verbliebenen Vorsprünge den Nabenwerkstoff zwischen die Schaufelfüße drängen. 2. Forge mold for the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the end faces of the Shape in the radial area of the blade roots in the circumferential area of the individual blade roots Have recesses (35) of wedge shape with rounded edges so that they are between and the associated blade roots leave room for a hub bead (36), but the hub material by means of the projections remaining between the recesses push between the shovel roots. 3. Vorrichtung in Verbindung mit Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nabenrohling eine geschlossene Scheibe ist. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 110 940; britische Patentschriften Nr: 365 991, 727 716.3. Device in connection with claim 1, characterized in that the hub blank is a closed disc. Into consideration printed publications: German Patent No. 110 940; British patents No: 365 991, 727 716.
DEF28317A 1958-04-29 1959-04-25 Method and device for the production of blade wheels Pending DE1130827B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US731827A US3032864A (en) 1958-04-29 1958-04-29 Wheel manufacture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1130827B true DE1130827B (en) 1962-06-07

Family

ID=24941115

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEF28317A Pending DE1130827B (en) 1958-04-29 1959-04-25 Method and device for the production of blade wheels

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3032864A (en)
DE (1) DE1130827B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3292245A (en) * 1962-02-20 1966-12-20 Demag Ag Process and apparatus for making rotors
US3746470A (en) * 1969-02-27 1973-07-17 Pilgrim P & O Valve Ltd Mounting of propellers on shafts
US3940268A (en) * 1973-04-12 1976-02-24 Crucible Inc. Method for producing rotor discs
US4494287A (en) * 1983-02-14 1985-01-22 Williams International Corporation Method of manufacturing a turbine rotor
US4538331A (en) * 1983-02-14 1985-09-03 Williams International Corporation Method of manufacturing an integral bladed turbine disk
EP1674734A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-28 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Method for improving the flow stability of a turbo compressor

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE110940C (en) *
GB365991A (en) * 1930-09-01 1932-01-28 Gen Electric Improvements in and relating to blade wheels for fans, compressors and the like
GB727716A (en) * 1952-10-08 1955-04-06 Gen Electric Improvements in and relating to turbomachine bucket-wheels

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US310846A (en) * 1885-01-13 Geoege dysolsr owen
US1329277A (en) * 1919-02-12 1920-01-27 Toledo Standard Commutator Com Commutator and process of producing the same
US1551342A (en) * 1924-02-25 1925-08-25 Gen Electric Method of manufacturing turbine wheels, nozzle diaphragms, and the like
US2264877A (en) * 1940-11-15 1941-12-02 Gen Electric Elastic fluid turbine diaphragm
US2432819A (en) * 1944-09-28 1947-12-16 Indiana Steel Products Co Method of making composite permanent magnets
US2639119A (en) * 1947-11-14 1953-05-19 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Rotor blade attachment means and method
US2753624A (en) * 1952-02-06 1956-07-10 English Electric Co Ltd Method of assembling two components by a fastener

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE110940C (en) *
GB365991A (en) * 1930-09-01 1932-01-28 Gen Electric Improvements in and relating to blade wheels for fans, compressors and the like
GB727716A (en) * 1952-10-08 1955-04-06 Gen Electric Improvements in and relating to turbomachine bucket-wheels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3032864A (en) 1962-05-08

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