DE1191606B - Process for the optimal measurement of the surface weight of material of different thicknesses - Google Patents
Process for the optimal measurement of the surface weight of material of different thicknessesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1191606B DE1191606B DEF29211A DEF0029211A DE1191606B DE 1191606 B DE1191606 B DE 1191606B DE F29211 A DEF29211 A DE F29211A DE F0029211 A DEF0029211 A DE F0029211A DE 1191606 B DE1191606 B DE 1191606B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- measured
- energy
- radiation
- basis weight
- energy range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
- G01N23/16—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the material being a moving sheet or film
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Devices Using Wave Or Particle Radiation (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur optimalen Messung des Flächengewichtes von Meßgut verschiedener Stärke Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur optimalen Messung des Flächengewichts von Meßgut verschiedener Stärken mit einer ein kontinuierliches Energiespektrum ausstrahlenden Quelle radioaktiver Strahlung.Method for the optimal measurement of the basis weight of different material to be measured Starch The invention relates to a method for the optimal measurement of the basis weight of measured material of different strengths with a continuous energy spectrum emitting source of radioactive radiation.
Flächengewichtsmessungen mit Hilfe von radioaktiven Isotopen lassen sich in bekannter Weise mit großer Genauigkeit durchführen, wenn eine Strahlung angewendet wird, deren Absorptionskoeffizient ze in dem betreffenden Material zu dem Flächengewicht d des Meßgutes in der Beziehung steht: µ=1/d. Allow basis weight measurements with the help of radioactive isotopes can be carried out in a known manner with great accuracy when a radiation is applied, the absorption coefficient of which ze in the material in question increases the relation to the weight per unit area d of the material to be measured is: µ = 1 / d.
Der Absorptionskoeffizient u wird wesentlich durch die Energie der betreffenden Strahlung bestimmt, so daß ein Energiebereich einem gewissen Absorptionskoeffizienten eindeutig zugeordnet werden kann-In der Praxis werden aus erklärlichen Gründen für verschieden dickes Meßgut verschiedene Strahler verwendet. Beispielsweise werden für die Zwecke einer Messung bei der Papierherstellung für dünnste Papiere Pur147, für Normalpapiere T1204, für Karton Sr90+Y90 benutzt. Eine solche Anwendung verschiedener Strahler würde sich aber in Walzwerken für Bleche verschiedener Dicke als sehr lästig erweisen, denn hier reicht bekanntlich ein einziger Strahler nicht aus, um für das auf demselben Gerüst herstellbare verschieden starke Walzgut im Gebiet genügend nahe dem Optimum der Meßgenauigkeit auf sein Flächengewicht zu untersuchen. The absorption coefficient u is essentially determined by the energy of the relevant radiation is determined, so that an energy range has a certain absorption coefficient Can be clearly assigned-In practice, for reasons that can be explained for different thickness test material used different emitters. For example be for the purposes of a measurement in paper production for the thinnest papers Pur147, for normal paper T1204, for cardboard Sr90 + Y90 used. Such an application different However, radiators would prove to be very annoying in rolling mills for sheets of different thicknesses prove, because here, as is well known, a single radiator is not enough for the Rolled material of different thicknesses that can be produced on the same stand is sufficient in the area to examine its basis weight near the optimum of the measurement accuracy.
Das Verfahren für die Flächengewichtsmessung von Walzgut sehr verschiedener Stärke geht von der Verwendung eines Strahlers aus, der ein kontinuierliches Energiespektrum besitzt, so daß der gesamte Bereich der zur optimalen Flächengewichtsbestimmung bei den verschiedenen zur Messung gelangenden Materialstärken benötigten Absorptionskoeffizienten zur Verfügung steht. Gemäß der Erfindung wird der jeweils optimale Energiebereich aus dem kontinuierlichen Energiespektrum durch in Strahlenfortpflanzungsrichtung vor oder hinter dem Meßgut angeordnete Mittel ausgesondert; die Meßgröße für das Flächengewicht wird - wie bekannt - durch Bestimmung der das Meßgut durchdringenden Strahlung gewonnen. The method for measuring the basis weight of rolled stock is very different Strength is based on the use of a radiator that has a continuous energy spectrum possesses, so that the entire area of the optimal basis weight determination absorption coefficients required for the various material thicknesses to be measured is available. According to the invention, the optimum energy range in each case from the continuous energy spectrum through in the direction of radiation propagation means arranged in front of or behind the material to be measured are separated out; the measurand for that The weight per unit area is determined - as is known - by determining the weight that penetrates the material to be measured Radiation won.
Die Aussonderung eines Energiebereiches nach dem Durchgang der Strahlung durch das Meßgut läßt sich in bekannter Weise auch durchführen, indem die Strahlung mit einem proportional anzei- genden Detektor, etwa Szintillationszähler oder Proportionalzählrohr, nachgewiesen wird. Ein solcher Detektor gibt bekanntlich, wenn er Strahlungspartikeln registriert, elektrische Impulse ab, deren Amplitude der Energie der registrierten Partikeln proportional ist. Diese Impulse können einem an sich bekannten sogenannten Fensterdiskriminator zugeführt werden. Ein solcher Fensterdiskriminator gibt nur elektrische Impulse eines in Lage und Breite fest einstellbaren Amplitudenbereiches weiter, somit also in der beschriebenen Anordnung nur Impulse, die ihre Ursache in der Registrierung von Teilchen eines in Lage und Breite vorgebbaren Energiebereiches haben. Die im Fensterdiskriminator durchgelassenen Impulse werden einem gebräuchlichen Ratemeter zugeführt, das mit der Impulsrate, also der Intensität der Strahlung des gewünschten Bereiches, ein Maß für das Flächengewicht des durchstrahlten Meßgutes wiedergibt. The separation of an energy range after the radiation has passed through through the material to be measured can also be carried out in a known manner by the radiation with a proportional display low detector, such as a scintillation counter or proportional counter tube, is proven. Such a detector is known to give out when it contains radiation particles registered, electrical impulses, the amplitude of which corresponds to the energy of the registered Particles is proportional. These impulses can be a so-called known per se Window discriminator are fed. There is only such a window discriminator electrical impulses of an amplitude range that can be fixed in terms of position and width further, so in the described arrangement only impulses that are their cause in the registration of particles in an energy range that can be specified in terms of position and width to have. The impulses let through in the window discriminator become a common one Ratemeter fed with the pulse rate, i.e. the intensity of the radiation of the desired area, a measure of the weight per unit area of the irradiated material to be measured reproduces.
Grundsätzlich ist auch jede andere Methode des Aussonderns eines gewissen Energiebereiches aus einer radioaktiven Strahlung mit kontinuierlichem Energiespektrum anwendbar. Erinnert sei an die Verwendung von ihrer Natur nach energieselektiven Detektoren, wie z. B. Ionisationskammern, die durch Venvendung geeigneter Füllgase oder Wandbelegungen für Strahlungsenergien wenig oberhalb der Absorptionskante solcher Materialien besonders empfindlich gemacht werden, oder an die Verwendung geeigneter Filter, wie dies in der Röntgenphysik zum Herausheben charakteristischer Linien üblich und mehrfach beschrieben ist. Basically, any other method of weeding out is also one certain energy range from a radioactive radiation with continuous Applicable energy spectrum. It is worth remembering the use of energy-selective by its nature Detectors such as B. ionization chambers by using suitable filling gases or wall coverings for radiation energies a little above the absorption edge of such Materials can be made particularly sensitive, or appropriate to the use Filters, as used in X-ray physics, to highlight characteristic lines is common and has been described several times.
Die Methoden, mittels welcher beschränkte Energiebereiche aus einem kontinuierlichen Energiespektrum einer Strahlung herausgehoben und allein zur Bildung des Meßwertes verwendet werden, sind an sich bekannt. Für die Aufgabe der Flächengewichtsmessung wurden sie jedoch bis zur Gegenwart noch nicht angewendet, und es wurde daher auch noch nicht erkannt, daß mit Hilfe solcher Methoden der durch das Meßverfahren ausgewählte Energiebereich der Strahlung im Bedarfsfall der Stärke des Meßgutes angeglichen werden kann. The methods by which limited energy ranges from a continuous energy spectrum of a radiation singled out and used alone education of the measured value are used are known per se. For the task of weight per unit area measurement however, they have not been used up to the present, and so it has been not yet recognized that with the help of such methods the selected by the measuring process If necessary, the energy range of the radiation is adjusted to the strength of the material to be measured can be.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF29211A DE1191606B (en) | 1959-08-20 | 1959-08-20 | Process for the optimal measurement of the surface weight of material of different thicknesses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF29211A DE1191606B (en) | 1959-08-20 | 1959-08-20 | Process for the optimal measurement of the surface weight of material of different thicknesses |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1191606B true DE1191606B (en) | 1965-04-22 |
Family
ID=7093204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF29211A Pending DE1191606B (en) | 1959-08-20 | 1959-08-20 | Process for the optimal measurement of the surface weight of material of different thicknesses |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1191606B (en) |
-
1959
- 1959-08-20 DE DEF29211A patent/DE1191606B/en active Pending
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