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DE1156771B - Process for the preparation of fluorochloroalkanes - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of fluorochloroalkanes

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Publication number
DE1156771B
DE1156771B DEF29734A DEF0029734A DE1156771B DE 1156771 B DE1156771 B DE 1156771B DE F29734 A DEF29734 A DE F29734A DE F0029734 A DEF0029734 A DE F0029734A DE 1156771 B DE1156771 B DE 1156771B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
hydrogen fluoride
chlorine
fluorochloroalkanes
separated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEF29734A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Otto Scherer
Dr Helmut Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Priority to DEF29734A priority Critical patent/DE1156771B/en
Publication of DE1156771B publication Critical patent/DE1156771B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/093Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
    • C07C17/20Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
    • C07C17/202Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction
    • C07C17/206Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction the other compound being HX

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fluorchloralkanen Es ist zwar bekannt, daß in vielen Fällen die Chloratome einer organischen Verbindung mit Hilfe eines Fluorierungsmittels, wie Fluorwasserstoff oder Antimonfluorid, durch Fluoratome ersetzt werden können.Process for the preparation of fluorochloroalkanes It is known that in many cases the chlorine atoms of an organic compound with the help of a Fluorinating agents such as hydrogen fluoride or antimony fluoride by fluorine atoms can be replaced.

Für diesen Austausch von Chloratomen in chlorhaltigen organischen Verbindungen gegen Fluoratome kann aber, wie aus der Arbeit von Emeleus in J. chem. Soc. (London), 1942, S. 445, bekannt ist, eine allgemein gültige Gesetzmäßigkeit nicht hergeleitet werden.For this exchange of chlorine atoms in chlorine-containing organic Compounds against fluorine atoms can, however, as from the work of Emeleus in J. chem. Soc. (London), 1942, p. 445, is a generally applicable law cannot be derived.

So gehen nach der USA.-Patentschrift 2 612 529 aliphatische Fluorverbindungen der allgemeinen Formel RCHCICH2 - CC13 worin R z. B. C2H5- sein kann, mit Fluorwasserstoff bei höheren Temperaturen nur in höhermolekulare chlor- und fluorhaltige Verbindungen über. For example, US Pat. No. 2,612,529 describes aliphatic fluorine compounds of the general formula RCHCICH2 - CC13 wherein R z. B. C2H5- can be with hydrogen fluoride at higher temperatures only in high molecular weight chlorine and fluorine-containing compounds above.

Demgegenüber ist es überraschend, daß l,1,1-o-Tetrachloralkane mit 5 bis 7 Kohlenstoffatomen, in denen das cn-Chloratom von der Trichlormethylgruppe durch wenigstens 3 Kohlenstoffatome getrennt ist, mit praktisch wasserfreiem Fluorwasserstoff unter an sich bekannten Bedingungen, bei erhöhter Temperatur, im geschlossenen Gefäß, in Abwesenheit von Katalysatoren, besonders bei Temperaturen von 100 bis 180"C, glatt die monomolekularen Fluordichloro-chloralkane, Difluorchlor-co-chloralkane und 1,1,1-Trifluor-o-chloralkane liefern. Die Zahl der ausgetauschten Chloratome ist abhängig von der Menge des Fluorwasserstoffs und der Reaktionszeit. Um die Reaktionszeiten zu verkürzen, wird der Fluorwasserstoff im allgemeinen im Überschuß angewendet, zumal er leicht aus dem Reaktionsprodukt zurückgewonnen werden kam. Praktisch wasserfreier Fluorwasserstoff enthält im allgemeinen nicht mehr als 20/,Wasser. In contrast, it is surprising that l, 1,1-o-tetrachloroalkanes with 5 to 7 carbon atoms in which the cn -chlorine atom is from the trichloromethyl group separated by at least 3 carbon atoms, with practically anhydrous hydrogen fluoride under known conditions, at elevated temperature, in a closed vessel, in the absence of catalysts, especially at temperatures from 100 to 180 "C, smoothly the monomolecular fluorodichloro-chloroalkanes, difluorochloro-co-chloroalkanes and 1,1,1-trifluoro-o-chloroalkanes. The number of chlorine atoms exchanged depends on the amount of hydrogen fluoride and the reaction time. About the response times to shorten, the hydrogen fluoride is generally used in excess, especially since it came to be easily recovered from the reaction product. Practically less water Hydrogen fluoride generally contains no more than 20% of water.

Diese Verbindungen eignen sich als Wärmeübertragungsstoffe und bilden besonders wertvolle Zwischenprodukte, da das in o-Stellung befindliche Chloratom leicht austauschbar ist und somit z. B. der Trifluoralkylrest leicht in andere Verbindungen eingeführt werden kann.These compounds are useful as heat transfer materials and form particularly valuable intermediates, since the chlorine atom in the o-position is easily exchangeable and thus z. B. easily converts the trifluoroalkyl radical into other compounds can be introduced.

Es ist zwar bekannt, 1,1,1 -Trichloräthan mit Fluorwasserstoff zu Trifiuoräthan umzusetzen (deutsche Patentschrift 670 130), nach der USA.-Patentschrift 2 612 529 gehen aber 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloralkane bei der Fluorierung mit Fluorwasserstoff allein und mit HF + HgO in höhermolekulare Verbindungen über. It is known to add 1,1,1-trichloroethane with hydrogen fluoride Implement trifluorethane (German patent 670 130), according to the USA patent However, 2,612,529 are 1,1,1,3-tetrachloroalkanes when fluorinated with hydrogen fluoride alone and with HF + HgO in higher molecular weight compounds.

Da bekannt ist, daß HF und HgO als Fluorierungsmittel dient (Mc Bee, Ind. Engng. Chem., 39 [1947], S. 411), kann das HgO nicht als Mittel zur Molekülvergrößerung angesehen werden.Since it is known that HF and HgO serve as fluorinating agents (Mc Bee, Ind. Engng. Chem., 39 [1947], p. 411), HgO cannot be used as a means for increasing the size of molecules be considered.

Es war deshalb überraschend, daß 1,1,1,4-, 1,1,1,5-und 1,1,1,7-Tetrachloralkane die normalen fluorierten Verbindungen und keine höhermolekularen Reaktionsprodukte bildeten. It was therefore surprising that 1,1,1,4-, 1,1,1,5- and 1,1,1,7-tetrachloroalkanes the normal fluorinated compounds and no higher molecular weight reaction products formed.

Beispiel 1 840 g 1,1,1,5-Tetrachlorpentan werden mit 500 g wasserfreier Flußsäure in einem eisernen Autoklav, der mit einem Kühler, Entspannungsventil und Manometer versehen ist, 6 Stunden unter einem Druck von 40 bis 50 at auf 150 bis 170"C erhitzt. Die Salzsäure wird während dieser Zeit langsam über den Kühler und das Entspannungsventil abgelassen. Der Rückstand wird auf Eis gegossen, mit Wasserdampf destilliert und anschließend rein fraktioniert. Example 1 840 g of 1,1,1,5-tetrachloropentane become anhydrous with 500 g Hydrofluoric acid in an iron autoclave, which is equipped with a cooler, relief valve and Manometer is provided under a pressure of 40 to 50 at to 150 to 6 hours 170 "C. During this time, the hydrochloric acid is slowly poured over the cooler and the relief valve drained. The residue is poured onto ice with steam distilled and then purely fractionated.

Man erhält 425 g 1,1,1 -Trifiuor-5-chlorpentan vom Kp. 119 bis 1200C und 75 g l,l-Difluor-1,5-dichlorpentan vom Kp. 157"C. 425 g of 1,1,1-trifluor-5-chloropentane with a boiling point of 119 to 1200 ° C. are obtained and 75 g of 1,1-difluoro-1,5-dichloropentane of bp 157 "C.

Beispiel 2 476 g 1,1,1,7-Tetrachlorheptan werden nach der im Beispiel 1 angegebenen Arbeitsweise mit 250 g Fluorwasserstoff behandelt. Man erhält dabei 225 g 1,1,1-Trifluor-7-chlorheptan vom Kp.1o 62 bis 64"C, 25 g 1,1-Difluor-1,7-dichlorheptan vom Kp.10 79 bis 80"C und 22 g 1-Fluor-1,1,7-trichlorheptan vom Kp.10 105 bis 106"C. Example 2 476 g of 1,1,1,7-tetrachloroheptane are made according to the example 1 treated with 250 g of hydrogen fluoride. One receives thereby 225 g of 1,1,1-trifluoro-7-chloroheptane with a boiling point of 62 to 64 "C, 25 g of 1,1-difluoro-1,7-dichloroheptane with a boiling point of 79 to 80 "C and 22 g of 1-fluoro-1,1,7-trichlorheptane with a boiling point of 105 to 106" C.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fluorchloralkanen der allgemeinen Formel CFXY - (R) - Cl wobei X und Y Fluor oder Chlor sein können und R einen Alkylenrest mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen darstellt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man l,1,l-w-Tetrachloralkane mit 5 bis 7 Kohlenstoffatomen, in denen das a)-Chloratom von der Trichlormethylgruppe durch wenigstens 3 Kohlenstoffatome getrennt ist, in an sich bekannter Weise bei erhöhter Temperatur, im geschlossenen Gefäß, in Abwesenheit von Katalysatoren mit praktisch wasserfreiem Fluorwasserstoff umsetzt. PATENT CLAIM: Process for the production of fluorochloroalkanes general formula CFXY - (R) - Cl where X and Y are fluorine or chlorine can be and R represents an alkylene radical having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, thereby characterized in that l, 1, l-w-tetrachloroalkanes with 5 to 7 carbon atoms, in which the a) chlorine atom is separated from the trichloromethyl group by at least 3 carbon atoms is separated, in a manner known per se at elevated temperature, in the closed Vessel, in the absence of catalysts with practically anhydrous hydrogen fluoride implements. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 670 130; USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 612 529; Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, 3. Auflage, Bd. 7, S. 608, Punkt 1, Abs. 1 und 2. Documents considered: German Patent No. 670 130; U.S. Patent No. 2,612,529; Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, 3rd edition, vol. 7, p. 608, point 1, paragraphs 1 and 2.
DEF29734A 1959-10-30 1959-10-30 Process for the preparation of fluorochloroalkanes Pending DE1156771B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF29734A DE1156771B (en) 1959-10-30 1959-10-30 Process for the preparation of fluorochloroalkanes

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF29734A DE1156771B (en) 1959-10-30 1959-10-30 Process for the preparation of fluorochloroalkanes

Publications (1)

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DE1156771B true DE1156771B (en) 1963-11-07

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997010192A1 (en) * 1995-09-11 1997-03-20 Zeneca Limited 1,1-difluoro-1,4-dichlorobutane and process for its preparation
WO1998040334A1 (en) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-17 Zeneca Limited Fluorination process
US6075172A (en) * 1996-09-03 2000-06-13 Zeneca Limited Chlorofluorohydrocarbon and process thereto
US6350926B1 (en) 1996-09-03 2002-02-26 Syngenta Limited Chlorofluorohydrocarbon and process thereto

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE670130C (en) * 1934-11-30 1939-01-12 I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges Process for the preparation of fluorine compounds of aliphatic hydrocarbons
US2612529A (en) * 1949-01-12 1952-09-30 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Higher molecular weight fluorinecontaining compounds

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE670130C (en) * 1934-11-30 1939-01-12 I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges Process for the preparation of fluorine compounds of aliphatic hydrocarbons
US2612529A (en) * 1949-01-12 1952-09-30 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Higher molecular weight fluorinecontaining compounds

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997010192A1 (en) * 1995-09-11 1997-03-20 Zeneca Limited 1,1-difluoro-1,4-dichlorobutane and process for its preparation
US5852222A (en) * 1995-09-11 1998-12-22 Zeneca Limited Process
EA000624B1 (en) * 1995-09-11 1999-12-29 Зенека Лимитед 1,1-difluoro-1,4-dichlorobutane and process for its preparation
US6075172A (en) * 1996-09-03 2000-06-13 Zeneca Limited Chlorofluorohydrocarbon and process thereto
US6350926B1 (en) 1996-09-03 2002-02-26 Syngenta Limited Chlorofluorohydrocarbon and process thereto
WO1998040334A1 (en) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-17 Zeneca Limited Fluorination process
US6127587A (en) * 1997-03-11 2000-10-03 Zeneca Limited Fluorination process

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